拓展练习10-高中英语牛津译林版（2020）选择性必修第四册

高二（下）英语拓展练习十一．单句语法填空1._______isoftenthecase,wehaveworkedouttheproductionplan.2.Occasionsarequiterare_______Ihavethetimetospendadaywithmykids.3._______isknowntoeverybody,themoontravelsroundtheearthonceeverymonth.4.It’shelpfultoputchildreninasituation_______theycanseethemselvesdifferently.5．_______Iexplainedonthephone,yourrequestwillbeconsideredatthenextmeeting.6.Salesdirectorisaposition_______communicationabilityisjustasimportantassales.7.You’llfindtaxiswaitingatthebusstation_______youcanhiretoreachyourhostfamily.8.Anyway,thatevening,_______I’lltellyoumoreaboutlater,IendedupstayingatRachel’splace.9.Aftergraduatingfromcollege,Itooksometimeofftogotraveling,_______turnedouttobeawisedecision.10.Shehasagiftforcreatinganatmosphereforherstudents_______allowsthemtocommunicatefreelywitheachother.11.Theoldtemple_______roofwasdamagedinstormisnowunderrepair.12.Haveyousentthank-younotestotherelativesfrom_______youreceivedgifts?13.Luckily,we’dbroughtaroadmapwithout_______wewouldhavelostourway.14.Childrenwhoarenotactiveor_______dietishighinfatwillgainweightquickly.15.Samuelsurvivedwhenthecar_______hewasapassengerinturnedofftheroadandhitatree.16.By16:30,_______wasalmostclosingtime,nearlyallthepaintingshadbeensold.二．阅读理解AWhatdoIkeafounderIngvarKamprad,SirRichardBranson,BillionaireinvestorCharlesSchwab,WaltDisney,andHenryFordhaveincommon?Allareorweresuccessfulentrepreneurswithdyslexia—alearningdisorderthatmakesitverydifficulttoread,write,andspell.Peoplewithdyslexiahavetroubleconnectingtheletterstheyseetothesoundstheymakeandasaresult,oftenstruggleinschool.Butintherealworld,theymakegreatachievements.They’rebehindsomeofthemostsuccessfulcompaniesonEarth.RichardBransonisoneofthegreatestentrepreneursofourtime.HecreatednumerousbusinessesundertheVirginumbrellaandhasanetworthof$5billion.BransononceadmittedthatVirginwhichnowemploys90,000peoplewouldnothavebeensuccessfulhadhenotbeendyslexic.Bransonhadahardtimekeepingupwithhispeersbecauseofhisdyslexiaanddroppedoutattheageof16.Yethetransformedhisweaknessintoanadvantage.Heunderstoodtheimportanceofcommunicatingwell.Andhisdyslexiaalsoforcedhimtodelegatetaskstothosewhoexcelledintheareaswherehewasweak.Researchhasfoundpeoplewithdyslexiaaremorelikelytodelegateauthorityandalsotwiceaslikelytoowntwoormorebusinesses.AstudyoutofCassBusinessSchoolinLondonfoundmorethanathirdofAmericanentrepreneurssurveyedshowedsignsofdyslexia.AnothercommissionedbytheBBCfound40%ofthatcountry’sself-mademillionairesshowedsomesignsofthelearningdisability.That’ssignificantlyhigherthantheestimated5%to10%ofthegeneralpopulationwithsomedegreeofdyslexia.Thequestionis:Aretheirentrepreneurialstrengthsaresultofnatureornurture?Adyslexiaexpertbelievestheyarenaturallybetteratcertainthings,likepickingupsocialcues.InanarticleinTheSacramentoBeeaboutCaliforniagovernorGavinNewsomwhohasdyslexia,Dr.MariluGorno-TempiniofUCSanFranciscosaid,“Hecanunderstandwhatpeopleneedandtheiremotionsmorethanothers.Idon’tthinkthat’sacompensation.Ithinkthat’sthesuperpowerofhisdyslexicbrain.”SheandotherscientistsatUCSanFranciscorecentlydiscoveredchildrenwiththedisorderhadgreaterchangesinheartrateandfacialbehaviorwhentheyviewedvideoclipsofothersexperiencingemotionscomparedtochildrenwithoutdyslexia.EleanorPalser,oneoftheresearcherswhoconductedthestudy,concludedtoNewsthink,“Thistellsusthatdyslexiamightbeassociatedwithbiologicaldifferencesinempathy...”1.WhyaresomefamouspeoplementionedinParagraph1?A.Todemonstratetheirproblems. BToadvertisetheirproducts.C.Toshowtheirachievements. D.Tointroducethetopic.2.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutRichardBransoninParagraph3?A.Henevergaveupstudyingduringadolescence.B.Dyslexiapreventedhimfrombeingmoresuccessful.C.Heworkedhardtoimprovehiscommunicationskills.D.Dyslexiadrovehimtoappointpeopletosuitableposts.3.WhichofthefollowingdoesDr.MariluGorno-Tempiniprobablyagreewith?A.Dyslexiamightbeassociatedwithbiologicaldifferencesinempathy.B.Gavin’sabilitytounderstandothers’emotionscompensatesforhisdisability.C.Childrenwithdyslexiaunderwentmorephysicalchangeswhenwatchingvideos.D.Thosewhohavedyslexiadeveloptheirabilitytoreadothers’emotionsbynurture.4.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.HowPeopleWithDyslexiaSucceedinlife.BHowSuccessfulEntrepreneursOvercomeDyslexia.C.WhyPeopleWithDyslexiaAreExtremelyEmpathetic.D.WhySoManySuccessfulEntrepreneursHaveDyslexia.四．阅读理解HowtoboostyourimmunesystemOnthewhole,yourimmunesystemdoesaremarkablejobofdefendingyouagainstdisease-causingmicroorganisms.____1____Isitpossibletofightthediseaseoff?Whatifyouimproveyourdiet?Takecertainvitaminsorherbalpreparations?Ormakeotherlifestylechanges?Now,researchersareexploringseveralfactors,hopingtohelpyoustrengthenyourimmunesystem.Lifestyle____2____Followinggeneralgood-healthguidelinesisthesinglebeststepyoucantaketowardnaturallykeepingyourimmunesystemworkingproperly.Everypartofyourbody,includingyourimmunesystem,functionsbetterwhenprotectedfromenvironmentalassaultsandboostedbyhealthy-livingstrategies.DietLikeanyfightingforce,theimmunesystemarmymarchesonitsstomach.____3____Scientistshavelongrecognizedthatpeoplewholiveinpovertyandaremalnourishedaremorevulnerabletoinfectiousdiseases.StressModernmedicinehascometoappreciatethecloselylinkedrelationshipofmindandbody.Awidevarietyofsicknesses,includingstomachupset,andevenheartdisease,arelinkedtotheeffectsofemotionalstress.____4____ExerciseRegularexerciseisoneofthepillarsofhealthyliving.____5____Butdoesithelptoboostyourimmunesystemnaturallyandkeepithealthy?Justlikeahealthydiet,exercisecancontributetogeneralgoodhealthandthereforetoahealthyimmunesystem.A.Yourfirstlineofdefenseistochooseahealthylifestyle.B.Butsometimesitfails:Avirustheninvadesandmakesyousick.C.Healthyimmunesystemwarriorsneedgood,regularnourishment.D.Scientistsareactivelystudyingtherelationshipbetweenstressandimmunefunction.E.Thatdoesn’tmeantheeffectsoflifestyleontheimmunesystemshouldn’tbestudied.F.Itlowersbloodpressure,helpscontrolbodyweight,andprotectsagainstavarietyofdiseases.G.Despitethedifficultiesinmeasuringtherelationshipofvitaminstoimmunity,scientistsaremakingprogress.四．完形填空AfterspendingthelasttwoyearsterrifiedofgettingCovid-19,lastmonthourthree-year-olddaughter-tooyoungtobevaccinated-gotsick.Therewasan____1____inherPre-Kclassroom,soassoonasshegotatemperature,wedidanat-hometest.Wespentafew____2____nightsfightingtobringherfeverdownasmykidcoughedandstruggledwithcongestion.Herdoctortoldustoonlytakehertothehospitalifshehadtroublebreathing.Thebiggest“____3____”Ihadtohelpourlittlewarriorwasover-the-countermedicinetoreduceherfever.____4____mylittlegirlhasnowrecovered,Ican'tstopthinkingabouthow,asacountry,theUSjustcan'tseemto____5____prioritizethewell-beingofchildren.Howcouldwesoexcitedlytout(吹捧)havingavaccinewhenitdoesn't____6____theyoungkids?Askidsacrossthecountryreturntoschoolwithoutclearandaccessibletestingmeasures____7____,howcananyonebeclaimingtoputchildren’ssafetyorprotectionfirst?Atthispointinthepandemic,thehealthofourchildren-notofourbusinesses-shouldbeputfirst.Forstarters,thatmeansweneedalarger____8____oftestsandclear,consistentrulesforisolatingif____9____orinfected.Eveninthemidstofthenightmareofmytoddlertesting____10____,Iwasso____11____wehadat-hometests.Buttheonlyreasonwehadthemwasbecausemyhusbandhadthought_____12_____aboutourneedfortestingkitsandmasksduringtheholidayseason.Weweresavedbypure____13____whilemanypeoplehavestruggledtofindtests.Thatis____14____.Asweenteryearthreeofthepandemic,Ihavea____15____fortheworld’srichestdemocracy:Let’sprioritizechildrenin2022-theirhealthandtheirrightsbecausethey’retheoneswhohavethehighestpricetopay.Andthey’realreadypayingthebill.1.A.isolation B.injection C.outbreak D.occasion2.A.upset B.sleepless C.pleasant D.enduring3.A.weapon B.tool C.treatment D.method4.A.Unless B.But C.Since D.While5.A.easily B.barely C.hurriedly D.effectively6.A.apply B.take C.consider D.include7.A.inplace B.inline C.inorder D.insight8.A.availability B.capability C.flexibility D.popularity9.A.caught B.exposed C.injected D.touched10.A.relative B.addictive C.active D.positive11.A.depressed B.nervous C.grateful D.excited12.A.aloud B.highly C.ahead D.little13.A.joy B.terror C.luck D.surprise14.A.unacceptable B.uncontrollable C.undeniable D.unavoidable15.A.change B.proposal C.reform D.view五．语法填空2020markedthe20thanniversaryoftheInternationalSpaceStation(ISS).Asamilestoneofspace(1)____________(explore),theISSdidn’tcomecheap.Itcostabout989billionyuan,tookdecadestobuildandisbyfartheworld’slargestspaceproject.Whenitcomestoachievements,ISS(2)________________(accommodate)atleast3,000researchprojects,fromresearchonAlzheimer’stotoothpastesofar.Butsill,witha26-billion-yuanbill(3)______________(annual),ISScan’tmakeendsmeet.NASAhasbeenpromotingtocommercializeISS.In2019,NASAannouncedthattheISSwouldopenforbusinesstoprivatecitizens.However,ISS