2022年考研考博-考博英语-电子科技大学考试名师押题精选卷I（带答案详解）试卷号31

1、住在富人区的她2022年考研考博-考博英语-电子科技大学考试名师押题精选卷I（带答案详解）（图片可根据实际调整大小）题型12345总分得分一.综合题(共50题)1.单选题Going into the dining room where the banquet was given last night, I can see the（ ）are still on the table.问题1选项A.remainsB.relicsC.remnantsD.surplus【答案】A【解析】句意:走进昨晚举行宴会的餐厅后，我能看到剩余的饭菜依然在桌上。考查名词辨析。四个选项均为对应名词的复数形式。remai

2、n 遗迹，剩余（物），残骸；relics 遗物，纪念物；remnant 剩余（主要的部分被使用后的剩余），遗迹；surplus 剩余 （指超过需要数量之外的剩余），贸易顺差，盈余。因此A符合句意。2.单选题The company expanded its business into Europe, hoping to（ ）.问题1选项A.boostB.encourageC.urgeD.accelerate【答案】A【解析】句意:这家公司把它的业务扩展到了欧洲,希望能够增加市场份额。考查动词辨析。Boost 使增长,使兴旺,偷窃; encourage鼓励,激励; urge催促,驱策; accel

3、erate 加快,加速。空格的宾语为“its market share (市场份额)”,因此A符合句意。3.单选题Very few people could understand the lecture delivered by the professor because its subject was very（ ）.问题1选项A.intriguingB.indefiniteC.obscureD.dubious【答案】C【解析】句意:几乎没有人能听懂教授的讲座，因为其主题很晦涩难懂。考查形容词辨析。intriguing 有趣的，引人入胜的，神秘的；indefinite无期限的，不明确的，表示

4、因定义不明确而引起理解上的模糊；obscure 不淸楚的，模糊的，晦涩的，强调费解；dubious 可疑的，含糊的，强调因可疑而引起的不确定。根据前半句句意“几乎没有人能听懂教授的讲座”可知C正确。4.单选题The old couple now still（ ）for tlieir beloved son, 30 years after his death.问题1选项A.cherishB.groanC.dispenseD.mourn【答案】D【解析】句意:在他们心爱的儿子过世三十年后，这对老夫妇现在仍然哀悼他。考查动词辨析。cherish 珍爱;groan 呻吟，抱怨;dispense 分配，

5、免除，执行；mourn 哀悼，忧伤，服丧。根据句意“在他们心爱的儿子过世三十年后”可知D符合句意。5.单选题Just remember one thing that（ ）decisions often lead to bitter regrets.问题1选项A.hastyB.promptC.urgentD.instant【答案】A【解析】句意:请只需记住一件事，即轻率的决定经常导致痛苦的遗憾。考查形容词辨析。hasty匆忙的，仓促而就的，草率的；prompt 敏捷的，迅速的，立刻的;urgent 紧急的，急迫的；instant 立即的，紧急的，紧迫的。因此A符合句意。6.单选题Parents

6、have a legal（ ）to ensure that their children are provided with sufficient education suitable to their age.问题1选项A.impulseB.influenceC.obligationD.sympathy【答案】C【解析】句意:父母要承担的法律义务是：要保证自己的小孩获得充分的适龄教育。考查名词辨析。impulse 冲动，心血来潮；influence 影响；obligation 义务，责任；sympathy 同情（心）。根据to后面的目的可知C符合句意。7.单选题The young woman

7、s heart revolted against so（ ）a charge, and when she saw that she could attempt to do nothing to save her protector, she wept bitterly.问题1选项A.blessedB.monstrousC.heinousD.grievous【答案】C【解析】句意:年轻的夫人坚决地抗议这种污蔑。当她发现自己无力拯救保护人吋，便痛苦地哭泣起来。考查形容词辨析。blessed 幸福的，受祝福的，神圣的;monstrous巨大的，怪异的；heinous极恶毒的，道德败坏的，可恨的；gr

8、ievous 痛苦的，剧烈的。因此C符合句意。8.单选题Helen wrote a book about how her father（ ）cancer before he succumbed to it.问题1选项A.contended forB.complied withC.recovered fromD.fought against【答案】D【解析】句意: 海伦写了一本有关她的父亲在死于癌症之前如何与其作斗争的书。考查短语辨析。选项均为对应短语的过去式。contend for 争夺；comply with 照做，遵守；recover from复原，从重新获得；fight against对

9、抗，反对，与作斗争。因此D符合句意。9.单选题My niece has been to Sumatra and Iran as well as all of Europe; by the time she is twenty,she（ ）almost everywhere.问题1选项A.will beB.would have beenC.will have beenD.would be【答案】C【解析】句意:我侄女曾经去过苏门答腊岛、伊朗及全欧洲，等到她二十岁吋，她将几乎去过所有地方。语法题。考查将来完成时。分析句意可知空格处应使用将来完成时: shall/will have+过去分词,故选C

10、。10.单选题As they dont yet have a proven track record, their colleagues will be（ ）to entrust them with important projects.问题1选项A.reluctantB.redundantC.relevantD.resistant【答案】A【解析】句意:由于他们没有过去工作表现的记录,所以其他同事不愿意将重要的项目交给他们。考查形容词辨析。Reluctant不情愿的,勉强的;redundant多余的,失业的,冗长的;relevant 相关的,切题的;resistant 反抗的,顽固的。因此A

11、符合句意。11.单选题As a start toward better policy making, the administration should put forward a detailed analysis（ ）each major proposed policy change.问题1选项A.justifyingB.criticizingC.designingD.prohibiting【答案】A【解析】句意:作为更好政策制定的开始，行政机构应提出一个详细的分析来证明每个被提议的主要政策变化都是有道理的。考查动词辨析。选项均为对应动词的现在分词形式。Justify 证明 正当（或有道理

12、、合理），替辩护；criticize 批评，评论;design 设计，计划，构思; prohibit 阻止，禁止。因此A符合句意。12.单选题A terrible traffic accident happened; people were saddened when they watched the（ ）sight on TV.问题1选项A.panicB.patrioticC.patheticD.periodic【答案】C【解析】句意:一起惨不忍睹的交通事故发生了，当在电视上看到这个悲惨的场景时，人们是难过的。考查形容词辨析。panic恐慌的，惊慌失措的；patriotic 爱国的;path

13、etic 可怜的，令人同情的，悲惨的；periodic 周期的，定期的。根据前半句句意“一起惨不忍睹的交通事故发生了”可知C正确。13.单选题Many companies are（ ）to invest in nanotechnology research, fearing the exposure to legal action that could result if one day a technology is deemed dangerous.问题1选项A.hesitantB.constantC.luxuriantD.coherent【答案】A【解析】句意:许多公司对投资纳米技术研究

14、犹豫不决，担心有朝一日某项技术被认为是危险的，可能会受到法律诉讼。考查形容词辨析。hesitant 犹豫的，畴躇的;constant 不变的，恒定的，经常的;luxuriant 繁茂的，丰富的，奢华的，肥沃的；coherent 连贯的，一致的，凝聚性的，粘在一起的。故A符合句意。14.单选题She has always（ ）her neighbors for the past twenty years.问题1选项A.been fed up withB.been on good terms withC.gotten around toD.gone along with【答案】B【解析】句意:在最

15、近二十年里，她一直与自己的邻居保持着良好的关系。语法题。考查现在完成时。由题干关键词“for the past twenty years.在最近的二十年里”与“has always 直”可知此处表示延续状态,所以用现在完成时(has been),故排除C，D。be fed up with表示“厌烦”,不是持续状态。Be on good terms with 同某人关系好,是持续状态。故选B。15.单选题The selfish people are mainly（ ）with what they can personally get out of the organization.问题1选项A.

16、imperviousB.concernedC.scandalousD.suspicious【答案】B【解析】句意:自私的人主要关心自己个人能从组织中得到什么东西。考查形容词辨析。impervious 不受影响的，无动于衷的，不能渗透的；concerned 有关的，关心的；scandalous 可耻的；suspicious 可疑的，怀疑的，多疑的。Be concerned with 关心。故选B。16.单选题I told my friend Graham that I often cycle the two miles from my house to the town centre blit

17、unfortunately there is a big hill on the route. He replied, “You mean fortunately.” He explained that I should be glad of the extra exercise that the hill provided.My attitude to the hill has now changed. I used to (1) as I approached it but now I tell myself the following. This hill will exercise m

18、y heart and lungs. It will help me to lose (2) and get fit. It will mean that I live longer. This hill is my friend. Finally as I wind my way up the incline, I (3) myself with the thought of all those silly people who pay money to go to a gym and sit on stationery exercise bicycles when I can get th

19、e same value for (4). I have a smile of satisfaction as I reach the top of the hill.Problems (5) be faced and overcome. We cannot achieve anything with an easy life. Helen Keller was the first deaf and blind person to gain a university degree. Her activism and writing proved inspirational. She wrote

20、, “ (6) cannot be developed in ease and quiet. Only through experiences of trial and suffering can the soul be strengthened, vision cleared, ambition inspired and success achieved.”One of the main (7) of success in life is our attitude towards adversity. From time to time, we all face hardships, pro

21、blems, accidents, afflictions and difficulties. Some are of our (8) but many confront us through no fault of our own. While we cannot choose the adversity we can choose our attitude towards it.How can you change your attitude towards the adversity that you face? Try these steps: Confront the problem

22、. Do not avoid it. Deliberately take a (9) attitude and write down some benefits or advantages of the situation. Visualize how you will feel when you overcome this obstacle. Develop an action plan for how to tackle it. Smile and get cracking.The biographies of great people are littered with examples

23、 of how they took these kinds of steps to overcome the difficulties they faced. The common thread is that they did not become defeatist or depressed. They chose their attitude. They (10) to be positive.They took on the challenge. They won.问题1选项A.grumbleB.fearC.give upD.stop问题2选项A.temperB.controlC.we

24、ightD.sight问题3选项A.provideB.converseC.dealD.console问题4选项A.goodB.freeC.everD.return问题5选项A.are there toB.which canC.will notD.we have问题6选项A.EducationB.InterestC.CharacterD.Friendship问题7选项A.causesB.determinantsC.symptomsD.components问题8选项A.makingB.doingC.takingD.thinking问题9选项A.specialB.strongC.negativeD.

25、positive问题10选项A.seemedB.optedC.hadD.used【答案】第1题:A第2题:C第3题:C第4题:C第5题:A第6题:A第7题:B第8题:A第9题:D第10题:B【解析】1.动词辨析。grumble 抱怨,嘟囔;fear 害怕,敬畏,为担心;give up 放弃,交出；stop 停止,逗留。此处句意为:我对这座山的态度现在改变了,过去我看到它总是。因此A符合句意。2.名词辨析。temper 脾气，(钢等)回火，性情，倾向；control 控制，管理；weight 重量，体重，负担;sight 视力，景象。And连接空格和get fit (变得健康),因此and前面很

26、可能表示 “减肥,减掉体重”,故选C。3.动词辨析。provide 提供，供应；converse 交谈，谈话；deal处理，交易；console 安慰，慰藉。此处表示“想起这些愚蠢的人去健身房的做法来安慰自己”。故选C。4.短语辨析。For good 永久地，一劳永逸地; for free 免费；ever 永远，曾经；for ever 永远，永恒地； for return 作回报。这里句意为:自己能免费地得到同样的价值,故选B。5.语法题。考查一般将来时。句意:难题是用来被面对和克服的,顺风顺水就不会有进步。因此要用一般将来时,排除B和D。C不符合句意。故选A。6.名词辨析。education

27、 教育，培养，教育学；interest 兴趣，利息；character性格，品质，特性；角色friendship 友谊，友爱，友善。空格后句意为提示信息:只有通过磨炼和受难的经历，人的心灵才能被强化,由此可知C符合句意。7.名词辨析。cause 原因，事业，目标;determinant 决定因素；symptom 症状，征兆；component 成分，组件。句意为:我们对待逆境的态度是生命中成功的主要决定因素之一,因此选B。8.名词辨析。making 发展，制造，造成；doing做，不能接受，难以完成， 事件；taking 捕获，收入；thinking思考，意见，见解。这里表示“一些问题是我们造

28、成的”,因此A符合句意。9.形容词辨析。special特别的，专门的，专用的；strong 坚强的，强壮的，牢固的；negative 负的，消极的，否定的，阴性的；positive 积极的，确定的。空格前句意为:你怎样能改变自己对待所面临的逆境的态度呢？可以尝试这些步骤。所以此处表示“故意采取一种积极的态度”,故选D。10.动词辨析。选项均为对应动词的过去式。seem 似乎，像是，装作，seem to 似乎，看起来;opt选择，opt to 选择;have有，从事，允许，have to必须，不得不；use 利用，耗费。这里应表示“他们选择积极地面对”,故选B。17.单选题One of the

29、most influential literary figures of the twentieth century was American authorGertrude Stein. Her literary style and vision was often a radical departure from traditional methods, which relied on a more linear plotline. Instead, Stein focused on language itself by employing methods of repetition and

30、 spontaneity in an attempt to mirror human consciousness. But, Steins influence did not stop with her writing. As an expatriate in Paris, she was responsible for bring some of the greatest minds in ai t and literature together at her apartment, Salon 27. The Spanish painter Pablo Picasso and America

31、n writer Ernest Hemingway were two frequent visitors. Indeed, Stein was the one who coined the phrase “Lost Generation” to denote up-and-coming American writers living in Paris at the time mainly due to their disillusionment with art as a whole back home. While Gertrude Stein may not be the most rec

32、ognizable figure in literature, her personal and literary influence on artists was invaluable.Stein began living in Paris in 1903. Eventually, her flat. Salon 27. became a center of intellectual exchange for writers and artists. Before long, she became an integral part of the artistic and literary s

33、cene in the city and befriended numerous important figures, such as Picasso and Matisse. They would meet there weekly, where they could expound on new theories of art, philosophy, literature, politics, and social issues in the stimulating, productive environment provided by Stein. Without Steins Sal

34、on 27, it is quite possible that many of the artists and writers of the day never would have crossed paths, and the individual disciplines would not have become as diverse or fully developed as they eventually did. These interactions also became a major inlluence on Steins own literary style.Stein b

35、ecame enamored with Picassos cubist style, and, as a result, many of his earliest works adorned the walls of her apartment. But they were not simply decorative. Cubism attempts to reduce the subject from its natural form into an abstract, geometrical shape capable of numerous angles of perception. I

36、n a similar fashion, Stein attempted to interpret cubism through literature and writing. Like cubist painters, Stein wrote in a style that took into consideration every possible angle of her subject matter. She wanted to give readers the opportunity to view her work on many different levels, not jus

37、t a single, flat surface. But, unlike the cubists vho relied on formal structure to some degree，Stein took it a step further and placed less emphasis on formal writing structures such as grammar and syntax and focused more on what she called “automatic” language, which was spontaneous and repetitive

38、 and relied more on the spoken word.In many ways, Steins writing mirrors the chaotic, detached atmosphere of post-World War I Paris, yet it also marks the moment when literature began to leave the nineteenth century behind in favor of a more modernist style of imagination and innovation. It is also

39、a clear precursor of stream of consciousness, which dominated writing styles during the rest of the twentieth century in America. While Stein was able to capitalize on artistic renditions of life and translate them into literature, other artists benefited from her willingness to reject the accepted

40、traditions and create her own. For instance, Hemingways style in many of his early novels is clearly influenced by Stein.1. The authors description of Gertrude Stein mentions which of the following?2. The author discusses “Salon 27” in the second paragraph in order to（ ）.3. According to the third pa

41、ragraph, Stein followed the cubist style because（ ）.4.Which of the sentences below best expresses the essential information in the underlined sentence in the third paragraph?5. According to the last paragraph, Steins style is a product of the era because（ ）.问题1选项A.She was originally from Paris and l

42、ater moved to the U.S.B.Her writing style was centered on a structured plotline.C.She attempted to focus on the linguistic side of writingD.Her work was quite controversial due to its extreme nature问题2选项A.illustrate its relevance as a place of artistic interaction of the timeB.note it is where the p

43、ainters Matisse and Picasso first met one anotherC.indicate it was an inadequate place for such great minds to mingleD.show that artists of the day lacked a meeting place at which to gather问题3选项A.it focused on the geometric forms inherent in most subject matterB.it gave her a way to present her read

44、er with various perspectivesC.it was the simplest form with which to interpret and understand her workD.it shunned the secondary parts in favor of the major parts of art问题4选项A.The spontaneity of automatic language, rather than the grammar and syntax stressed formal writing structures, was central to

45、 Steins work.B.The structure of Steins work, in terms of its emphasis on formal writing structures and automatic language, followed the structure of the cubists to some degree.C.The repetition of grammar and syntax made Steins writing more unique than that of the cubists, who focused on automatic la

46、nguage in their works.D.The formality of Stein, due in part to its emphasis on grammar and syntax, was much greater than that of the cubist artists.问题5选项A.it translates the sentiment of Europeans during a time of reconstructingB.it is more imaginative and innovative than anything the world had seenC

47、.it continues the former structural traditions present before World War 1D.it rejects the past and is fashioned out of the sentiment of post-war Europe【答案】第1题:C第2题:A第3题:B第4题:A第5题:D【解析】1.细节事实题。A:她起初来自巴黎，后来搬到了美国,第一段提到“As an expatriate in Paris作为在巴黎的移居国外者”,因此A不正确。B:她的写作风格专注于结构性的情节主线,C:她试图去专注于写作的语言方面。第一

48、段指出: Her literary style and vision was often a radical departure from traditional methods, which relied on a more linear plotline. Instead, Stein focused on language itself by employing methods of repetition and spontaneity in an attempt to mirror human consciousness (她的文学风格和视觉经常偏离依赖更线型情节主线的传统方式，取而代

49、之的是，在试图去反映人的意识的过程中，她通过利用重复和自发性的方式来专注语言本身)。由此可知C项正确,B项不正确。D:她的作品因极端而极具争议性,文章并未提及。因此答案为C。2.作者意图题。第二段指出:They would meet there weekly, where they could expound on new theories of art, philosophy, literature, politics, and social issues in the stimulating, productive environment provided by Stein (他们每周会聚

50、集在那里（即27号沙龙），在这个地方他们能在斯泰因提供的令人兴奋且富有成效的环境下，评论有关艺术、哲学、文学、政治和社会问题的新理论),由此可知A项“解释它作为当时一个艺木互动性地方的重要性”正确。3.细节事实题。第三段指出: Like cubist painters, Stein wrote in a style that took into consideration every possible angle of her subject matter. She wanted to give readers the opportunity to view her work on many

51、different levels, not just a single，flat surface (如立体派画家一样，斯泰因的写作方式尽可能考虑到写作主题的各方面。她想让读者有机会从很多不同角度而非只是在单一的平面上去欣赏自己的作品)。由此可知B项“立体派风格给了她一种方式去为她的读者呈现不同的角度”正确。4.语义题。第三段划线句为: But, unlike the cubists vho relied on formal structure to some degree，Stein took it a step further and placed less emphasis on form

52、al writing structures such as grammar and syntax and focused more on what she called “automatic” language, which was spontaneous and repetitive and relied more on the spoken word.(但是，不像在一定程度上依赖于形式结构的立体派艺术家，斯泰因更进了一步，较少强调如语法和句法的写作结构，更专注她称之为的无意识的 语言，该语言是自然的、重复的且更依赖口头语言的),由此可知A项 “对斯泰因的作 品极为重要的是无意识语言的自发性

53、，而不是强调语法和句法的写作方式”比较符合此句意思。5.细节事实题。最后一段指出: In many ways, Steins writing mirrors the chaotic, detached atmosphere of post-World War I Paris, yet it also marks the moment when literature began to leave the nineteenth century behind in favor of a more modernist style of imagination and innovation (在很多方面

54、，斯泰因的作品反映了一战后巴黎混乱且分离的气氛，然而，它也标志了一个重要吋刻，即文学开始丢下19世纪的风格而去支持一个富有想象力和创新的更现代的风格)。因此D项“它抛弃了过去形成于战后的欧洲情绪”正确。18.单选题His argument does not suggest that mankind can（ ）to be wasteful in the utilization of these resources.问题1选项A.resortB.grantC.affordD.entitle【答案】C【解析】句意:他的论据未标明，人类在这些资源的使用上能浪费得起。考查动词辨析。resort 常去，

55、求助，诉诸，resort to 依靠，求助于；;grant 授予，允许，承认，grant to 同意给予，准予；afford 给予，提供，承担得起;afford to （有条件）做，承担得起，负担得起；entitle 给称号，使有权利。因此C符合句意。19.单选题The government has devoted a larger slice of its national（ ）to agriculture than most other countries.问题1选项A.resourcesB.potentialC.budgetD.economy【答案】C【解析】句意:相比大多数其它国家，这

56、个政府将其较大部分的预算用于农业发展。考查名词辨析。resources 资源，财力，才智;potential 潜能，可能性，电势；budget预算，预算费；economy经济，节约。因此C符合 。20.单选题Englands team, who are now superbly fit, will be doing their best next week to（ ）themselves for last year defeat.问题1选项A.reviveB.resortC.remedyD.revenge【答案】D【解析】句意:现在的英格兰队踌躇满志，决心在下周的比赛中全力以赴，以雪去年失败之

57、耻。考查动词辨析。revive （使）苏醒，复活，重新使用；resort与to构成搭配resort to sth.诉诸于；remedy 改正，纠正；revenge报仇, 雪耻。故D正确。21.单选题（ ）the stress of examinations are over, we can all relax.问题1选项A.WhileB.Even thoughC.Now thatD.For【答案】C【解析】句意:既然考试的压力结朿了，因此我们都能放松下了。考查短语辨析。while 虽然，然而，当的时候;even though 虽然，即使；now that 既然，由于;for 为了，对于，适合于

58、;因为（这个词在表示原因时一般不放在句首）。分析句意可知前后句子为因果关系。故C符合句意。22.单选题Although the main characters in the fiction are so true to life, they are certainly（ ）.问题1选项A.imaginingB.imaginativeC.imaginableD.imaginary【答案】D【解析】句意:尽管这部小说中的主要人物如此贴近生活，但是他们确实是虚构的。考查形容词辨析。imagining (imagine的现在分词)猜想，臆断； imaginative 虚构的，富于想象的，有创造力的;i

59、maginable 可能的，可想象的；imaginary 虚构的，想象的。根据句意“尽管这部小说中的主要人物如此贴近生活”可知D符合句意。23.单选题In the（ ）of this earthquake, many national and international communities offered help and assistance.问题1选项A.senseB.hopeC.caseD.wake【答案】D【解析】句意:随着这个地震而来的是很多国家和国际团体主动提供帮助。考查短语辨析。In the sense of 从意义上说; in the hope of怀着的希望; in th

60、e case of至于,在的情况下; in the wake of 紧紧跟随,随着而来。因此D符合句意。24.单选题The joys of travel, having long（ ）the disabled, are opening up to virtually anyone who has the means.问题1选项A.omittedB.threatenedC.worriedD.fascinated【答案】A【解析】句意：对于残疾人来说已经久违的旅行的快乐，现在几乎对每个有出行工具的人都敞开了大门。考查动词辨析。omit 省略，遗漏；threat 威胁，恐吓；worry 担忧；fas