名词性从句（高二英语）

1、名词性从句（高二）一. 概念 在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句。名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等, 因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能,名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。其功能同名词一样。主语从句Who will win the match is still unknown. 宾语从句I want to know what he has told you. 表语从句The fact is that we have lost the game. 同位语从句The news that we won the game

2、 is exciting. 二. 引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类:连接词/从属连词：that, whether, if不充当从句的任何成分 连接代词: what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whose, which. 连接副词: when,where,how,why三. 不可省略的连词：1) 介词后的连词 2)引导主语从句表语从句和同位语从句的连词不可省略。Thatshewaschosenmadeusveryhappy.My suggestion is that Tom stay at home.Weheardthenewsthatourteamhadwon

3、. 四. whether与if均为“是否”的意思但下列情况下, whether不能被if取代1) whether引导主语从句并在句首 Whether it is going to rain is still unknown.2) 引导表语从句和同位语从句The question is whether he is going to come.There is some doubt whether the meeting will be held tomorrow.3)whether从句作介词宾语 4)从句后有“ornot主语从句在复合句中做主语的从句叫做主语从句。主语从句一般位于句首。That

4、he will come to attend the meeting tomorrow makes us excited.一: 主语为从句时, 谓语动词一般要用单数形式; 但如果what引导的从句做主语代表复数概念(常可以从表语上看出) 时, 谓语动词则常用复数形式。1. What we need is water.2. What we need are useful books.二: 主语从句的引导词连词: that, whether, 连接代词who， which, what, whatever, whoever, 连接副词where, how, when, why, wherever等。

5、由连接代词或连接副词引导的主语从句:它们在句中既保留自己的疑问含义、又起连接作用，在从句中充当从句的成分。从属连词that在主语中不做任何成分，只起引导从句的作用。 三: 形式主语it代替主语从句主语从句在句中作主语, 主语从句可以位于句首, 但常见的主语从句多放在句末, 句首则用形式主语it。That the earth is round is true. = It is true that the earth is round.用it作形式主语的结构(1) It is名词从句 It is a fact that 事实是 It is an honor that 非常荣幸 It is comm

6、on knowledge that是常识(2) It is形容词从句 (多用 should) It is natural that 很自然 It is strange that 奇怪的是(3) It is不及物动词从句 It seems that 似乎 It happened that 碰巧 It appears that 似乎(4) It is过去分词从句 It is reported that 据报道 It has been proved that 已证实 It is said that 据说it作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较 it 作形式主语代替主语从句, 主要是为了平衡句子结构, 主

7、语从句的连接词有变化。而it引导的强调句则是对句子某一部分进行强调, 无论强调的是什么成分, 都可用连词that。被强调部分指人是也可用who/whom。例如:It is a pity that you didnt go to see the film.It doesnt interest me whether you succeed or not.It is in the morning that the murder took place.It is John that broke the window.四：what与that 在引导主语从句时的区别what 引导主语从句时在从句中充当句子

8、成分, 如主语、宾语、表语, 而that 则不然, 即不担任成分。例如：What you said yesterday is right.That she is still alive is a consolation.表语从句在复合句中用作表语的从句是表语从句, 引导表语从句的关联词与引导主语从句的关联词大致一样, 表语从句位于连系动词am, is, are, was, were, seem, look, taste, remain后。其基本结构为:主语 +系动词 + that从句。Thats what we should do. Thats why I want to see you. 引

9、导表语从句的词有：连词: that, whether, 连接代词: what, who, which, 连接副词：when, where, how, why,等。除此之外，还可由as if , as though, 或because 引导。that有时可以省略。注意:1. 在表语从句中, 当reason做主语时, 引导词只能用that, because, 如:他迟到的原因是因为他没有赶上早班车。 The reason why he was late was that he didnt catch the early bus.2. Where, why, because, how等引导的从句作t

10、his is 和that is 的表语时, 表示具体的地点, 原因, 方式等。如： This is why we put off the meeting.3. 主语是 idea,suggestion,request，advice, order,等名词时, 作表语从句的动词为原形动词或should+原形动词。 如: Mysuggestionisthatwe (should) go and helphim.Practice_ I want to know is _ it is worth doing.A. What; that B. What; whetherC. That; why D. Tha

11、t; whatWriting stories and articles _ I enjoy most.A. is that B. are thatC. is what D. have been what_ he told us is a _. A. That; lay B. Which; trueC. What; lie D. Whose; truthShe is pleased with _ you have given her and all _ you have told.A. that; that B. what; whichC. what; that D. all; what_ th

12、ey will have a good harvest this year is still unknown.A. Whether B. IfC. Which D. That_ is that I have promised to make friends with the dishonest girl.A. The only thing what I regret B. What I regret mostC. All what I really regret most D. What that I regret mostThat is _ he was born.A. what B. th

13、atC. where D. whether_ a pity that I didnt see you.A. Thats B. Whats C. Its D. Theres_ surprised me most _ to see some of the village people seated on the benches at the end of the room.A. What; was B. What; were C. That; was D. That; wereThis is _ the question lies.A. what B. that C. where D. how_

14、I was there that evening.A. It happened to B. It happened thatC. That happened D. It is happened that_ was said must be kept secret.A. Whatever B. Whichever C. However D. That_ you have written the letter in English will surprise your teacher.A. What B. That C. Who D. How longIt _ Tom drives badly.A

15、. thinks that B. is thought whatC. thought that D. is thought that_ knows the truth will tell you about it.A. Who that B. WhoeverC. Those who D. What thatMy suggestion is _ our teacher _ strict with us.A. what; should be B. that; beC. which; would be D. where; wasThe reason why we are late is _ our

16、car didnt come.A. why B. that C. because D. forAir, or _ is called the atmosphere, surrounds the whole world.A. it B. which C. what D. that_ still needs to be discussed.A. How is the plan to be carried out B. How the plan is to be carried outC. Why is the plan carried out D. Why the plan carried out

17、Lanzhou is no longer _.A. what it used to be B. what it used to likeC. like it used to be D. what it used to_she couldnt understand was _fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lesson.A. What; why B. That; what C. What; because D. Why; that _ you dont like him is none of my business.A. What

18、B. Who C. That D. Whether _ is no possibility_ Bob can win the first prize in the match.A. There; that B. It; that C. There; whether D. It; whether _ leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.A. Anyone B. The person C. Whoever D. Who Go and get your coat. Its _you left it.A. there B. where C

19、. there where D. where there I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.Is that _ you had a few days off?A. why B. when C. what D. where No one can be sure_ in a million years.A. what man will look like B. what will man look like C. man will look like what D. what look will man like Perseverance i

20、s a kind of quality and thats _ it takes to do anything well.A. what B. that C. which D. why Are you still thinking about yesterdays game?Oh, thats_.A. what makes me feel excited B. whatever I feel excited about C. how I feel about it D. when I feel excited Whether ways will be found to stop polluti

21、on or not is just _ worries the public. A. why B. which C. that D. what_ we are doing has never been done before. A. That B. What C. Which D. Whether _ we can pass the coming examination will mainly depend on _ we learn and _ we learn it. A. Whether; what; how B. That; whether; why C. If; how; that

22、D. Why; that; how _ people spend so much money on their pets _ us a lot. A. That; surprises B. What; surprising C. How; are surprised D. That; is surprisedYour ability has never been in doubtthe question is _ you are prepared to work hard. A. that B. if C. how D. whether35 . What a pity _ is _ you d

23、idnt arrive by daylight!A. there; becauseB. it; thatC. he; whenD. that; why36. Einsteins most famous theory is _ we call the Theory of Relativity.A. whatB. thatC. whichD. /37. What about the speech he made this afternoon? _ he said so must be quite encouraging, I think.A. WhatB. ThatC. /D. All38. Is

24、 this hotel _ you said we were to stay in your letter?A. whereB. whichC. in thatD. in which39. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it _.A. breaks B. has been brokenC. were broken D. has broken40. A modern city has been set up in _ was a wasteland ten years ago. A. what B. whi

25、ch C. that D. where高考名词性从句1._ matters most in learning English is enough practice. 2007 全国卷IIA. WhatB. Why C. Where D. Which2. _ he referred to in his article was unknown to the general reader. 2007 上海卷A. ThatB. WhatC. Whether D. Where3. The traditional view is _ we sleep because our brain is “progr

26、ammed” to make us do so. 2007 上海卷A. whenB. why C. whether D. that4. Could I speak to_ is in charge of International Sales, please? 2007 山东卷A. anyone B. someone C. whoever D. no matter who 5. You can only be sure of_ you have at present; you cannot be sure of something _ you might get in the future.

27、2007 安徽卷A. that; what B. what; / C. which; that D. /; that6. Wheres that report? I brought it to you _you were in Mr. Blacks office yesterday. 2007 北京卷A. if B. when C. because D. before7. It is none of your business other people think about you. Believe yourself. 2007 福建卷 A. how B. whatC. which D. w

28、hen8. Having checked the doors were closed , and _ all the lights were off, the boy opened the door to his bedroom. 2007 湖南卷A. why B. that C. when D. where 9. Choosing the right dictionary depends on _ you want to use it for. 2007 江苏卷A. what B. whyC. how D. whether10. parents say and do has a life-l

29、ong effect on their children. 2007 陕西卷A. That B. Which C. What D. As11. By improving reading skills, you can read faster and understand more of _ you read2007 上海春Athat Bwhat C. which Dwhether12. The seaside here draws a lot of tourists every summer. Warm sunshine and soft sands make _ it is. 2007 天津

30、卷A. what B. which C. how D. where13. Why not try your lick downtown, Bob? Thats _ the best jobs are. 2007 浙江卷A. where B. what C. when D. why 14. The shopkeeper did not want to sell for _ he thought was not enough.(2005山东, 26)A. where B. howC. whatD. which15. You are saying that everyone should be equal, and this is _ I disagree. (2004全国II，31)A. why B. where C. what D. how16. It is pretty well understood_ controls the flow of carbon dioxide in and out the atmosphere today. (2003 上海高考题40)A. that B. when C. what D. how17. The Foreign Minister said, “_ ou