2022年中考英语冠词知识点复习总结加练习有答案

1、冠词重点学问归纳及讲解（一）概说1冠词是一种虚词,不能独立担任一个成分,只能附着在一个名词上,帮忙说明其词义；英语中有两个冠词：1）定冠词 the 2）不定冠词 a/an 定冠词 the 通常读作 ,在元音前读作 i ,特殊强调或单念时读作 i: ；不定冠词在元音音素开头的单词前用 an 这个形式,读作 n ；在其他情形下就使用 a,读作 ；2冠词的基本意义不定冠词 a/an与数词 one 同源,表示 “一个 ”的意思,用在可数名词单数前；例如： She is a nurse. 她是个护士；He is an Englishman, with an Irish wife. 他是一位英国人,有一个

2、爱尔兰妻子；定冠词 the,与 this 同源,有 “这（那）个 ”的意思,但比较弱,表示一（几）个特定的人或东西,有时可译作 “这个（些） ”或“那个（些） ”；例如： Thats the book you want. 这就是你要的那本书；Whos the young man over there. 那边那个年轻人是谁？但在许多情形下, “这”或“那”这类词在译文中并不显现；例如： Put it on the table. 把它放在桌上；Shut the door, please. 请把门关上；3特指和泛指一般来说,名词有特指和泛指两种情形,请比较下面的句子：A gentleman is a

3、sking to see you. 有位先生要求见你；（泛指）Ask the gentleman to come in. 请那位先生进来；（特指）在特指时一般前面要加定冠词,而泛指时就有三种情形：1）在可数名词单数前加不定冠词；2）在可数名词复数前可不加冠词,可使用例如： She sent me a postcard 她寄给我一张明信片；some, any这类词；例如：These are new words. 这些是生词；She sent me some flowers. 她送给我一些花；3）在不行数名词前多不加什么,有时也可加 some, any等；例如： It s lovely weath

4、er. 天气真好；Do you want any sugar in your tea. 你茶里要放点糖吗？Give us some help. 给我们一些帮忙；（二）不定冠词的基本用法1泛指某一类人或事物中的一个,代表某一类别（不肯定译为“一”）例如： His father is a doctor. 他父亲是医生；2代表某一类人或事物,相当于any（+名词）（不必译为 “一”,但必需用 a,表示类别）例如： A horse is a useful animal. 马是有用的动物；3指某人或某物（不是指某一类）,但不详细说明何人或何物（一般译为“一”）例如： This book was writ

5、ten by a worker. 这本书是一位工人写的；4表示数量,有 “一” 的意思,但数的概念没有 例如： Wait a moment. 等一下；5表示单位,相当于 “每”的意思one 剧烈（一般译为 “一”）例如： We have three meals a day. 我们每日吃三餐；6用于某此固定词组中 例如： a few, a little, a bit of, a lot of等；（三）定冠词的基本用法 1特指某（些）人或某（些）事物 例如： Give me the book. 把那本书给我；2指谈话双方都知道的人或事物 例如： Where is the doctor. 医生在哪儿

6、？3再次提到上文提到过的人或事物 例如： I bought a dictionary yesterday. The dictionary is at home. 昨天我买了一本词典； 词典在家里；4用在大家所熟识的、世界上独一无二的事物 例如： The earth is bigger than the moon, but smaller than the sun. 地球比月亮大,但比太阳小；5用在序数词和形容词最高级前 例如： Mr Wang teaches the first class. 王先生上第一节课；Of all the stars the sun is the nearest to

7、 the earth. 在全部的恒星中,太阳离地球最近；6用在单数可数名词,表示某一类人或事物 例如： The horse is a useful animal. 马是有用的动物；7与以下专出名词连用 1）在江、河、湖、海、群岛、山脉的名称前例如： the Changjiang River, the Great Lake 2）在姓氏的复数名词前,表示夫妇二人或全家人 例如： The Greens are sitting at the breakfast table. 格林一家人正围坐在早餐桌旁；8和某些形容词连用,表示一类人 例如： the old 老人 the young 年轻人 the r

8、ich 富人 the poor 穷人 the sick 病人 the dead 死人9在一些习惯说法中the east west, south, north in the morning afternoon, evening on the left right in the end go to the cinema （四）不用冠词的几种情形1在专出名词,抽象名词和物质名词前例如： Have you ever been to Shanghai. 你到过上海吗？2在表示一类人或事物的复数名词前 例如： Girls can be scientists. 女孩子可以当科学家；3在季节、月份、星期、一日

9、三餐的名称前We love science. 我们爱好科学；例如： It is hot in summer. 夏每天气热；Have you had breakfast. 你吃过早饭没有？It s Tuesday, August the 22nd. 今日是八月二十二日,星期三；4称呼语或表示头衔,职务的名词前例如： Whats the matter with you, Mike. 怎么啦,迈克？们学校的校长；5学科和球类运动的名称前He is headmaster of our school. 他是我例如： We study English. 我们学习英语；Do you like to play

10、 football. 你喜爱踢足球吗？6名词前已有用作定语的 this, that my, your, some, any, no, whose, every, each等代词时,不用冠词例如： That is her bike； 那是她的自行车Each student in his class studies hard. 这个班的每个同学都努力学习；7在某些固定词组的名词前例如： at home, at night, after school, by bus, in bed, in town, in front of, go to school, go to bed等；三、随堂监测 A 组I

11、. 在以下句子的空格中填上适当的冠词,不需要的地方用“ / ”表示：1. This is _ old map. It is _ useful map. 2. We have no classes in _ afternoon on _ Saturday. 3. _ spaceship flies at about eleven kilometers _second. 4. Beijing is _ capital of _ China. It is _ beautiful city. 5. Roman was not built in _ day. 6. Chinese is quite _

12、difficult language for Mike. 7. Many _ students will take _ active part in sports meet. 8. There is _ interesting picture on _ wall. 9. Jenny found _ wallet lying on _ground. _ wallet was Mr. Blacks. 10. Which is _ biggest, _ sun, _ moon, or _ earth. 11. - Which picture is more beautiful. - _one on

13、_ left, I think. 12. - Which is _ way to _ hospital. - Go down this road and turn left on _ second crossing. 13. _ more, _ better. 14. _ Turners are sitting at breakfast table. 15. Joe Hill was _ fighter for _ working class. 16. When was _ Peoples Republic of China founded. 17. In China _ first Engl

14、ish textbooks were published in _late nineteenth century. 18. After _ breakfast he went to _ school on _ foot. 19. _ Huanghe River lies in _ north of China. 20. He likes playing _ football. His sister likes playing _ piano. II. 单项挑选：1. 上学A. go to school B. go to the school C. go to a school 2. 住院A,

15、in the hospital B. in a hospital C. in hospital 3. 此刻A. at the moment B. at a moment C. at moment 4. 在课堂上A. in class B. in a class C. in the class 5. 在地球上A. on earth B. on an earth C. on the earth 6. 步行A. on foot B. on the foot C. on feet 7. 吃饭A. at a table B. at the table C. at table 8. 乘公共汽车 A. ta

16、ke bus B. by bus C. by the bus 9. 在家A. at the home B. at a home C. at home 10. 在工作A. at work B. at the work C. at works 11. 跳高A. jump high B. high jump C. the high jump 12. 坐飞机A. by air B. by the air C. on air13. 乘火车A. by the train B. by train C. on train 14. 在校学习A. in the school B. in school C. in

17、schools 15. 睡觉A. go to bed B. go to the bed C. go to a bed 16. 感冒A. have a cold B. have the cold C. have cold 17. 乘船A. by ship B. on ship C. by a ship 18. 玩得爽快 A. have good times B. have a good time C. have good times 19. 事实上A. in the fact B. in facts C. in fact 21. 从早到晚 A. from morning to the eveni

18、ng B. from morning to evening C. from a morning to an evening 四、随堂监测 B 组III. 挑选填空：1. There is _ old woman in the car. A. / B. the C. a D. an 2. Shanghai is in _ east of China. A. / B. an C. the D. a 3. Bill is _ English teacher. He likes playing _ football. A. a, the B. an, the C. a, / D. /, / 4. Th

19、e museum is quite far. It will take you half _ hour to go there by _ bus. A. an, / B. an, a C. a, / D. /, / 5. The story is _ interesting. That means it is _ interesting story. A. an, the B. the, a. C. /, an D. /, a 6. Lets go for _ walk, shall weC. the D. / A. a B. an 7. This is _ interesting story

20、-book and it is also _ useful one. A. a, a B. an, an C. an, a D. a, an 8. _ woman over there is _ popular teacher in our school. A. A, an B. The, a C. The , the D. A, the 9. They passed our school _ day before yesterday. A. an B. one C. a D. the 10. Australia is _ English-speaking country. A. a B. a

21、n C. the D. / 11. Don t play _ basketball here. Its dangerous. A. a B. an C. / D. the 12. This is _ apple. Its _ big apple. A. an, a B. a, the C. a, an D. an, the 13. - Have you seen _ bag. I left it here just now. - Is it _ one on the chair near the door. A. a, a B. the, the C. a, the D. the, a 14.

22、 I have _ blue coat. A. a B. an C. the D. some 15. This is _ orange. _ orange is on the table. A. a, The B. an, The C. an, An D. the, An 16. Have you had _ breakfast. A. a B. an C. the D. / 17. He wondered when the doctor could finish _ operation. A. a B. an C. the D. any 18. After _ supper, he stay

23、ed at home and played _ violin. A. the, the B. /, the C. /, a D. /, / 19. There is _ apple on the plate. A. a B. an C. the D. / 20. He said that he got _ “ C” in the test. A. a B. an C. the D. / 21. _ new bridge has been built over _ Huangpu River. A. The, a B. A, / C. A, the D. An, an 22. English is _ useful language in _ world. A. an, the B. a, the C. the, the D. an, an 23. In the word “ cariage” _ “ r ” is lost. A. the B. an C. a D. / 24. With the help of his teacher he studied hard a