（浙江专版）2017高考英语二轮复习 专题6 阅读七选五 技法2 依据文中和选项中的“词汇”线索讲练.doc

技法2| 依据文中和选项中的“词汇”线索1连接性词语连接性的词语可表明段落间、句际间的语义逻辑关系。例如：(1)承接关系：so，therefore，thus，consequently等；(2)平列关系：first，second；firstly，secondly；first，next，then；in the first place，in the second place；for one thing，for another等；(3)转折关系：however，though，yet，in spite of，in any case，whoever，whatever，on the contrary，otherwise等；(4)对比关系：in contrast，in comparison，on the other hand等；(5)层递关系：also，furthermore，similarly，in addition，whats more等。考题回放1(2016北京高考)sometimes we decide that a little unnecessary danger is worth it because when we weigh the risk and the reward，the risk seems worth taking. 71 some of us enjoy activities that would surprise and scare the rest of us.why? experts say it may have to do with how our brains work.fhowever，we are not all using the same reference standard to weigh risks and rewards.思路分析空格前说“因为当我们权衡风险和回报时，风险好像是值得的”，由weigh the risk and the reward可锁定f项中的weigh risks and rewards，f项意为“然而，我们并不是都用同样的参考标准来衡量风险和回报”，符合上下文语境，为转折关系。考题回放2(2015北京高考)first，understand that some opportunities(机会) for daydreaming are better than others.feeling safe and relaxed will help you to slip into daydreams. 73 and if you want to improve your chances of having a creative idea while youre daydreaming，try to do it while you are involved in another taskpreferably something simple，like taking a shower or walking，or even making meaningless drawings.ahaving interesting things to think about also helps.思路分析选项中的also helps与空格前句中的will help相对应，且两句话主语形式统一，都说的是进入空想的条件，为层递关系。2词汇复现复现是指作者在文章上下文的不同位置对同一概念进行重复描述。复现主要有同义词复现、近义词复现和反义词复现等。考题回放(2014北京高考)use your common sense.if a report seems too good to be true，probably it is.be especially careful of information contained in advertisements. 74 evaluate “scientific” statements carefully，and be aware of quackery(江湖骗术)bthe goal of an ad is to sell you something.思路分析选项中的ad与上句中的advertisement相对应，前句说“对广告中所包含的信息一定要特别当心”，后句介绍应注意江湖骗术，b项“广告的目的是卖出商品”符合该段语境。3属相同范畴的词汇考题回放(2014北京高考)go to the original source.media reports often simplify the results of medical research.find out for yourself what a study really reported，and determine whether it was based on good science.think about the type of study. 72 dand examine the findings of the original research.思路分析根据该段作为主题句的第一句go to the original source.(去探寻最初的来源。)可知，这一段都是围绕这个话题展开的，d项中的the original research与主题句相照应，与original source属于相同范畴的词汇。4属上下位包含关系的词汇考题回放(2016四川高考) 39 scientists are still not exactly sure how genes influence aging，but they believe that they do.some think that a womans body cells have a tendency(倾向) to age more slowly than a mans.others think that a mans body cells have a tendency to age more quickly.40.recent research seems to support both of these possibilities.cwomen are also helped by their female genes.思路分析由空格后的genes可锁定c项中的female genes，代入后，符合语境，可作为本段的主题句。5冠词和代词考题回放1(2016四川高考) 38 they help the body defend itself against some kinds of infections.this means that women generally get sick less often and less seriously than men.the common cold is a good example: women，on average，get fewer colds than men.dthe female hormones also protect the body in another way.思路分析本段说的是女性的身体优势。空格后的they是解题关键，综观各选项，只有d项的主语the female hormones可以是they所指内容。做本题时应关注代词they和选项中定冠词the表达的含义。考题回放2(2015全国卷)trust is a learned behavior that we gain from past experiences. 36 trust is a risk.but you cant be successful when theres a lack of trust in a relationship that results from an action where the wrongdoer takes no responsibility to fix the mistake.bit is putting confidence in someone.思路分析第一句trust is a learned behavior that we gain from past experiences.(信任是我们从以往经历中获得的习得行为。)是对trust的解释。选项b中的it指代上文出现的trust，并且继续解释trust的含义：putting confidence in someone(对某人寄托信任)，选项b与第一句为顺承关系。6特殊疑问词考题回放(2014全国卷)the jobs of the future have not yet been invented. 36 by helping them develop classic skills that will serve them well no matter what the future holds.dso how can we help our kids prepare for jobs that dont yet exist?思路分析根据第一句the