专题8　动词分类及动词短语（共87张PPT）.ppt

1、专题8动词分类及动词短语,专题8 动词分类和动词短语,考点直击 ,1助动词 协助主要动词构成谓语动词的词叫助动词。助动词是语法功能词，自身没有词义，不可单独使用。 1帮助构成疑问句或否定句句式的助动词有do, does, did 及其否定形式。如： Did you go home last week? 上周你回家了吗？,专题8 动词分类和动词短语,2帮助构成时态的助动词有be, have, shall, will等。如： We are playing an interesting game. 我们正在玩一个有趣的游戏。,专题8 动词分类和动词短语,2系动词 系动词亦称连系动词。系动词本身有词义

2、，但不能单独用作谓语，后边必须跟表语，构成系表结构。具体分类及用法如下： 1状态系动词： 只有be动词。如： They are always very happy. 他们总是很高兴。 2持续系动词： 表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度，主要有keep, remain, stay, rest, lie, stand。如： I hope youll keep fit. 我希望你能保持健康。,专题8 动词分类和动词短语,3表象系动词： 表示“看起来好像”，主要有seem, appear, look等。如： My mother seems very satisfied with my progress.

3、 我妈妈对我的进步似乎很满意。 4感官系动词： 表示“起来”，主要有feel(摸起来，感觉起来), smell(闻起来), sound(听起来), taste(尝起来，吃起来)等。如： The dish smells delicious. 这道菜闻起来很香。,专题8 动词分类和动词短语,5变化系动词： 表示主语变成什么样，主要有become, grow, turn, fall, get, go, come, run等。如： The small town is becoming busier and busier. 小镇变得越来越繁忙。 6终止系动词： 主要有prove, turn out(结果

4、是，证明是)等。如： My plan turned out a success. 我的计划成功了。 提醒有些系动词也是实义动词，可单独作谓语。如： He fell ill yesterday. 他昨天病了。,专题8 动词分类和动词短语,3情态动词 情态动词表示说话人的语气、看法，无人称和数的变化。情态动词有自己的词汇意思，但不能独立作谓语，后须跟动词原形。使用频率较高的情态动词有can(could), may(might), must, need, shall(should), will(would)及半情态动词have to, had better。,专题8 动词分类和动词短语,1can和c

5、ould (1)can(could)表示说话人能、可以、同意、准许，以及客观条件允许做某事。could为can的过去式。表示请求时，could比can更委婉。如： Could I borrow your pen? 我可以借你的钢笔吗？,专题8 动词分类和动词短语,(2)can 意为“能，会”时，相当于be able to (适用于各种时态)，但can只有现在时和过去时两种时态变化。如： A few months later, Ill be able to swim alone. 几个月后，我将能单独游泳。 (3)cant表示否定推测。如： That cant be Mr Wang. He ha

6、s gone to Beijing. 那不可能是王老师。他已经去北京了。,专题8 动词分类和动词短语,2may和might may和might意为“可以”，表示说话人同意、许可或请求对方许可。 may也可表示祝愿。might 是may 的过去式，表示可能性更小、语气更加委婉。如： May I take some photos here? 我可以在这儿拍些照片吗？ May you be happy. 祝你开心。,专题8 动词分类和动词短语,3must和have to (1)must 意为“必须，应该，一定，准是”，表示说话人认为有必要做某事，或命令、要求别人做某事以及对事物的肯定推测。如： He

7、 must be working in his office. 他一定正在他的办公室里工作呢。,专题8 动词分类和动词短语,(2)must 和 have to 的区别： must 表示说话人的主观意愿；have to 表示客观需要。如： I must do my homework first. 我必须先做家庭作业。 It is raining hard outside. I have to stay at home. 外面雨下得正大。我不得不待在家里。,专题8 动词分类和动词短语,4need的用法 need 表示“需要，必须”。它主要用于否定句和疑问句，否定形式为neednt，表示“没有必要，

8、不必”；回答need引导的问句时，肯定回答用must，否定回答用 neednt。此外，need还可以作实义动词使用。如： Need we do some cleaning now? No, you neednt. “我们需要现在大扫除吗？”“不，你们不必。” I need to see the doctor now. 我现在需要看医生。,专题8 动词分类和动词短语,5shall 和will shall用于第一人称的句子表示提建议或请求；will用于第二人称疑问句表示征求意见或提建议。如： Shall we go out for a walk? 我们出去散步好吗？ Will you go sho

9、pping with us? 你会和我们一起去购物吗？,专题8 动词分类和动词短语,6should和would should可用于各种人称的句子，强调义务或责任；would是will的过去式，后跟动词原形构成过去将来时，可用于多种人称，表示意愿。如： You should study harder. 你应该更加努力学习。 He said he would visit the Great Wall the next year. 他说他第二年将游览长城。,专题8 动词分类和动词短语,7had better had better意为“最好”，没有人称的变化，后接不带to的不定式。如： You had

10、 better exercise more. 你最好多锻炼。,专题8 动词分类和动词短语,4动词短语 动词与介词、副词等构成的固定短语叫动词短语。动词短语主要有四类： 1动词副词： 常见的有give up, think over, take off, write down, put off等。这些词组的宾语是名词时，既可放在副词前边，又可放在副词后边；宾语是人称代词或反身代词时，则要放在动词和副词中间。如： They have decided to put off the meeting. They have decided to put the meeting off. 他们已经决定推迟会议

11、了。 Smoking is bad for your health. You must give it up. 吸烟对你的健康有害。你必须戒掉它。,专题8 动词分类和动词短语,2动词介词： 常见的有ask for, care about, look for, look after, send for, laugh at, hear of(from)等。如： We shouldnt laugh at others. 我们不应该嘲笑别人。,专题8 动词分类和动词短语,3动词副词介词： 常见的有look down upon, get on with, catch up with等。如： If you

12、 study hard, youll catch up with your classmates. 如果你努力学习，你将会赶上你的同班同学。 4动词名词介词： 常见的有take care of, make use of, pay attention to, make fun of 等。如： Please pay more attention to details. 请多注意细节。,专题8 动词分类和动词短语,考点过关 基础过关,()1.The cloth_ very soft and comfortable. A. smellsB. tastes C. feels D. sounds,C,()

13、2. Some of my friends eat with their eyes. They prefer to order what_ nice. A. feels B. smells Clooks D. tastes,专题8 动词分类和动词短语,C,()3.Dick, _ I use your edictionary? Sure. _ you give it to Mike after you use it? A. will; Would B. may; Might C. can; Could D. shall; Should,专题8 动词分类和动词短语,C,专题8 动词分类和动词短语,

14、()4. I think her dress comes from the 1970s. It_ be from that time. It looks so modern on her. A. mustnt Bcant Cwont Dwouldnt,B,专题8 动词分类和动词短语,()5. Must I do my homework now, Mum? _. You can do it tomorrow. A. No, you neednt B. No, you mustnt C. Yes, you need D. Yes, you must,A,专题8 动词分类和动词短语,()6. Roc

15、k music may_ nice to young people, but most old people cant stand it. A. hear B. sound C. look D. listen,B,()7. Dont forget to take your bag when you_ the bus. A. get off B. take off C. turn off D. put off,专题8 动词分类和动词短语,A,get off意为“下(车)”；take off意为“脱下；起飞”；turn off意为“关上”；put off意为“推迟”。句意：当你下车时不要忘记带上你

16、的包。故选A。,()8. Her sister_ a taxi driver. Now she works for a charity. A. is used to be B. were used to being Cis used to being Dused to be,专题8 动词分类和动词短语,D,专题8 动词分类和动词短语,()9. What do you think of my shirt? It_ cotton. It looks nice on you. A. is made in B. is made for C. is made of Dis made by,C,()10.

17、 Allen, your bedroom is in a mess. Sorry, Mum. Ill _ my things at once. A. put on B. put away C. put out D. put up,B,put on意为“穿上”；put away意为“收起来”；put out意为“熄灭”；put up意为“张贴，搭建”。由句意知选B。,专题8 动词分类和动词短语,()1.2014河南 Choosing the right circle of friends will _ us a lot of troubles, heartaches and possibly a

18、 life of deep regret. Asave Bshare Ckeep Dbring,中考透视,A,考查动词词义的辨析。句意：选择正确的朋友圈将会给我们避免许多烦恼，悲伤以及生活中可能的深深的遗憾。save意为“节省，保存，挽救，避免”；share意为“分享”；keep意为“保持”；bring意为“带来”。此句中应用save。,专题8 动词分类和动词短语,()2.2014绵阳 May I have a look at your plan for the robot competition, Smith? Sorry, Mrs Brown. Ive _ it at home. Amis

19、sed Bforgotten Cleft Dlost,C,考查动词固定搭配。句意：“史密斯，我能看看你的机器人竞赛计划吗？”“很抱歉，布朗老师。我把它落在家里了。”“leave sth地点”表示“把某物落在某地”，为固定结构，故选C。,专题8 动词分类和动词短语,()3.2014荆州 Do you like swimming in winter? Of course. The water _ a bit cold at first, but then I am warm and full of energy. Afeels Btastes Csmells Dlooks,A,考查系动词。句意：“

20、你喜欢冬泳吗？”“当然喜欢了。水一开始感觉有点凉，但很快我就感觉暖和起来，并且充满力量。”表达“感觉起来”应使用feel。,专题8 动词分类和动词短语,()4.2014鄂州 I hope there _ less pressure on us today. If so, we _ enjoy a more pleasant life. Ais; can Bwill be; can Cwill be; should Dis; should,B,专题8 动词分类和动词短语,()5.2014内江 Oh, you are so clever! You have _ a solution to the

21、difficult problem! Agone on with Bmade up Ccome up with Dgiven out,C,考查短语辨析。句意：哦，你太聪明了！你已经想出了解决这个难题的办法！go on with意为“继续”；make up意为“组成”；come up with意为“想出”；give out意为“分发”。故选C。,专题8 动词分类和动词短语,()6.2014随州 Jim, you look sleepy. Whats wrong? I_ to write a report last night. Alooked up Bended up Cstayed up Dt

22、ook up,C,考查动词短语。句意：“吉姆，你看起来昏昏沉沉的。怎么啦？”“昨晚我熬夜写了一份报告。”look up意为“查询”；end up意为“以结束”；stay up意为“熬夜”；take up意为“从事”。故选C。,专题8 动词分类和动词短语,()7.2014黄石 About 50 family members of the Chinese passengers on Malaysia Airlines Flight MH370 _ answers at the meeting. Acall for Bcall up Ccall on Dcall in,A,考查动词词组。句意：马航3

23、70航班上大约50名乘客的家属在会上要求给予答复。call for意为“要求，需要”；call up意为“打电话，召集”；call on意为“拜访”；call in意为“叫进，请进”。根据句意可知选A。,专题8 动词分类和动词短语,()8.2014荆州 How was the concert last night? It was so good. Though it _ nearly four hours, few people left early. Acovered Breached Clasted Dplayed,C,考查动词辨析。句意：“昨天晚上的音乐会怎么样啊？”“太好了。尽管它持续

24、了接近4个小时，但几乎没有人提前离开。”cover意为“覆盖”；reach意为“到达”；last意为“持续”；play意为“演奏；打；踢”。根据答语句意可知，应使用last。,语法专练,专题8 动词分类和动词短语,()1.The food here smells good, but what does it _ like? Ataste Btouch Cseem Dfeel,A,专题8 动词分类和动词短语,()2.Mum, when can I go out to play football? Finish your homework first, or I _let you go out.

25、Adont Bdidnt Cwont Dhavent,C,专题8 动词分类和动词短语,()3. The sense of happiness will increase if you _ what you like to do. Ado Bdid Cwill do Dshould do,A,if 意为“如果”，引导条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则，即主句为将来时，从句用一般现在时。因此选A。,专题8 动词分类和动词短语,()4.Spring is a beautiful season when all trees _ green. Aturn Bsound Cfeel Dbecome,A,专

26、题8 动词分类和动词短语,()5.Its cold outside. Why not_your coat? Aput on Btake off Clook for D. put off,A,专题8 动词分类和动词短语,()6.The young man broke his arm in the accident and had to_his job. Agive up Bput up Ccut up D. pick up,A,专题8 动词分类和动词短语,()7.What do you think about Hans? He is very difficult to_with, but cer

27、tainly he has a warm heart under cool appearance(外表) Aget on Bget in Cget off D. get out,A,专题8 动词分类和动词短语,()8.2014十堰 Smart phones are more and more popular now. So they are. But they still _ too much. Apay Bcost Ctake Dspend,B,专题8 动词分类和动词短语,()9.Could you please help me_the TV? I want to watch the CCT

28、V News. Aturn down Bturn on Cturn off Dturn up,B,专题8 动词分类和动词短语,()10.What are you going to do during your vacation? Im not sure.I have no time to_it at the moment. Acome about Bthink about Cget over Dcome over,B,专题8 动词分类和动词短语,()11.This book_educating teenagers. Would you like to buy it? Yes, Ill take

29、 it. Aaims at Btakes place Cgives out Dsets up,A,专题8 动词分类和动词短语,()12.Please _ these books, Jodie. I want to use the desk to do my homework. Atake away Bgive away Cgo away Dkeep away,A,专题8 动词分类和动词短语,()13.Im not sure how to pronounce this word. Youd better_its right pronunciation in the dictionary. Alo

30、ok after Blook down Clook up Dlook out,C,专题8 动词分类和动词短语,()14.Bill doesnt like the sunglasses in the ad because they cant _ the sun well. Atake out Bkeep out Cclean out Dlook out,B,专题8 动词分类和动词短语,()15.He _ some French while he was away on a business trip in Paris. Amade out Bpicked up Cgave up Dtook in

31、,B,专题8 动词分类和动词短语,()16.Four dollars a pair? I think its a bit too much. If you buy three pairs, the price for each will _ to three fifty. Acome down Btake down Cturn over Dgo over,A,专题8 动词分类和动词短语,()17.The sweater is very nice. Ill take it. But youd better _ first. I think it is a little large for you

32、. Apay for it Bput it on Cput it off Dtry it on,D,pay for意为“付款”；put on意为“穿上”；put off意为“推迟”；try on意为“试穿”。由答语“我认为你穿有点儿大”可知应选D。,专题8 动词分类和动词短语,()18.Jack has never visited the Forbidden City, but he has _ it. Astood for Bbelonged to Cheard about Dkept to,C,专题8 动词分类和动词短语,()19.2014咸阳 When will your new boo

33、k _？ It has not been decided yet. Afind out Bcome out Clook up Dset up,B,考查动词短语辨析。句意：“你的新书何时出版？”“还没决定呢。”find out意为“查明”；come out意为“出版；开花”；look up意为“查阅”；set up意为“搭起；成立”。故选B。,专题8 动词分类和动词短语,()20. Im not sure whether I can hold a party in the open air, because it _ the weather. Astands for Bdepends on Cl

34、ives on Dagrees with,B,专题8 动词分类和动词短语,()21._， you guys! You dont want to miss the train, do you? ALook up BGive up CHurry up DGrow up,C,look up意为“查询”；give up意为“放弃”；hurry up意为“快点”；grow up意为“长大”。由后半句句意“你们不想错过火车”可知选C。,专题8 动词分类和动词短语,()22.Its said that aliens tried to warn the astronauts on the moon to _.

35、 Maybe they didnt like human beings to get close to them. Astay up Bstay out Cstay away Dstay behind,C,专题8 动词分类和动词短语,()23.Mary heard somebody call her, so she turned _to see who it was. Aoff Bout CupDaround,D,专题8 动词分类和动词短语,()24.If you _ your name on the paper, you can get a magazine. Acut down Blook

36、 down Cturn down Dwrite down,D,专题8 动词分类和动词短语,()25.2014襄阳 Im sorry I left my homework at home. Shall I go and _ it? No, you neednt. Bring it here tomorrow. Aget Bsend Ctake Dpass,A,专题8 动词分类和动词短语,()26. All the oil in the world will _ some day. Yeah. What shall we use for power at that time? Agiven awa

37、y Bput away Crun out Dset out,C,专题8 动词分类和动词短语,()27.2014襄阳 Have you watched the TV show “Dad, Where Are We Going？” Yes, I have. In the show all the fathers and children have to _ many difficulties. Ause up Bcome over Cget over Drun out,C,考查短语辨析。句意：“你看过电视节目爸爸去哪儿吗？”“是的，我看过。在这个节目中，所有的爸爸和孩子都得克服一些困难。”use

38、up意为“用完”；come over意为“过来”；get over意为“克服”；run out意为“用完”。故选C。,专题8 动词分类和动词短语,()28.Could I_ your digital camera again? No problem. But I think youd better go to the store to buy_since you often go travelling. Alend; one Blend; it Cborrow; one Dborrow; it,C,专题8 动词分类和动词短语,()29.Will the hotel _ free breakfa

39、st _ the guests? Aprovide; with Bprovide; to Coffer; with Doffer; to,D,专题8 动词分类和动词短语,()30.How is peoples life in the earthquake areas? They are living a much better life than we_. Asuggested Bexpected Cnoticed Dsupported,B,专题8 动词分类和动词短语,()31.May I smoke here? No, you _. This is a nosmoking room. Ane

40、ednt Bmustnt Ccouldnt Dwouldnt,B,专题8 动词分类和动词短语,()32.We _ the same history and culture with Taiwan people. Aexplain Bexpress Cconnect Dshare,D,专题8 动词分类和动词短语,()33.Can I borrow your ruler, please? Yes, you _. But you must return it to me before lunchtime. Ahave Bcan Cmust Dused to,B,专题8 动词分类和动词短语,()34.

41、My uncle _ be tired. He has been running for a long time. But my aunt _ be tired. She has just begun to run. Amay not; must Bmust; cant Ccant; must Dmust; may not,B,must表推测时，语气最强烈，意为“肯定，一定”；cant表示否定的推测，意为“一定不(是)”。,专题8 动词分类和动词短语,()35._ you sing English songs when you were 5 years old? ACan BNeed CCou

42、ld DMay,C,专题8 动词分类和动词短语,()36.His brother _ play computer games because the computer doesnt work. Amay not Bcant Cmustnt Dneednt,B,专题8 动词分类和动词短语,()37.2014南京 Yesterday Tommy walked past my table and _ my bowls and dishes. He should be careful next time. Aknocked off Btook off Cshowed off Dturned off,A

43、,考查动词词组辨析。上句句意：昨天汤姆走过我的餐桌，碰掉了我的碗和菜。knock off意为“碰掉”；take off意为“脱下”；show off意为“炫耀”；turn off意为“关掉”。根据句意可知选A。,专题8 动词分类和动词短语,()38._ I take some photos here? No, you _ AMay; mustnt BMust; mustnt CMay; neednt DCould; wont,A,用may提问时，否定回答用mustnt。,专题8 动词分类和动词短语,()39.I _ stop playing computer games because of

44、my poor eyesight. Amay Bcant Chave to Dmustnt,C,专题8 动词分类和动词短语,()40.2013呼和浩特 When you visit a museum you should _ the instructions and dont be against them. Acompare with Blook forward to Cpay attention to Dtry out,C,专题8 动词分类和动词短语,()41.Look! How hard the snow is! Youd better _ Astay here when it stop

45、s Bnot leave until it stops Cnot to leave at once Ddont go home now,B,专题8 动词分类和动词短语,()42.Why is Toms father so happy? Because only three students _， _ his son Harvey. Afailed the exam; besides Bmade progress; except Cmade progress; including Dpassed the exam; without,C,专题8 动词分类和动词短语,()43.2014杭州 The boat