英语语音――鼻音、舌边音

1、Nasals, Approximants & Lateral,/ / / / /,Nasals, Approximants & Lateral(s),Like the stops, the nasals are all made by closing the vocal tract at some point in the mouth. Unlike the stops or any other sounds in the language, there is an opening into the nasal cavity in the pronunciation so that the s

2、ound can be resonated through the nose. The nasal consonants are /m/, /n/, and /. /w/, /r/, and /j/ are called approximants because it is an articulation in which the articulators approach each other but do not get sufficiently close to each other to produce a complete consonant such as a stop, nasa

3、l or fricative. /l/ is called a lateral because during its pronunciation, the passage of air through the mouth does not go in the usual way along the centre of the tongue.,UNIT9 / / /,汉英对比： /浊辅音.发音时,双唇闭拢,气流从鼻腔泻出,声带振动./的发音近似于汉语的“母”,但区别之处在于发/m/时要双唇紧闭,声带振动. /浊辅音.发音时,舌尖贴上齿龈,形成阻碍,气流从鼻腔泻出,声带振动./n/的发音接近于汉语

4、的“恩”,但不同之处在于发/时，嘴唇微开,舌尖贴紧上齿龈. /浊辅音.舌后部抬起紧贴软腭,形成阻碍,同时软腭下垂,堵住口腔通道,气流从鼻腔泻出,声带振动./的发音近似于汉语“嗯”,但不同之处在于：发/时口腔开得更大,声带振动.,/,/,/ & /,/,单词发音练习 moon home medicine mountain,/,短 语 man-made come tomorrow make a mistake middle name,/,句 子 A: Mum has come back home. B: Marvellous. A: Mum says well go and see a movie

5、 tonight. B：Yes,we certainly will.,Allophonic variations of /m/,Syllabic: something Lengthened, when an arresting /m/ is followed by a releasing /m/:some more The labiodnetal nasal, when followed by /f/: comfort,/,单词发音练习 neck tin night noise,/,短 语 neat brandy telephone number a negative answer harde

6、n the neck,/,句 子 A: What a nice postcard of the Grand Canyon! B: They are wonderful A: Who sent it to you? B：A friend of mine.,Allophonic variations of /n/,Dentalized before a labiodental /f/ or /v/: invite Velarized before /k/ or /: think Syllabic: button Lengthening, when /n/ arrests and releases

7、adjoining syllables: ten names,/,单词发音练习 ink ring sing monkey,/,短 语 ring-a-ding strong string rising diphthong playing ping-pong,/,句 子 A: Do you like drinking tea? B: Yes,I do. A: We are advised to drink more tea than coffee. B：Tea is good for health.,Allophonic variations of /,The alveolar n, when f

8、ollowed by an alveolar: taking ten Syllabic: lock and key,Exercises,1. Practise the phoneme /m/ in man, first normally, then with exaggeration, then normally. Listen and repeat. /, / /, / / 2. Some students leave out the phoneme /m/ when they occur finally. Listen and repeat each word pair. tie time

9、 tea team see seem cry crime say same blue bloom,Exercises,3. Listen and underline the word that you hear in each sentence. (1) The (rye / rhyme) was very good. (2) Ill give him his (due / doom). (3) We all like that (dough / dome). (4) Didnt you see the (dye / dime)? (5) Have you called (Ma / Mom)?

10、 (6) Did you say (who“ / whom“)? 4. Read the following sentences. (1) The man who makes no mistakes does not usually make anything. (2) Mountain climbing has become more and more welcome among the masses. (3) What an amazing memory Mr. Martin must have. (4) Merchants in America believe that money ma

11、kes the mare go.,Exercises,5. Listen and underline the word that you hear in each sentence. (1) Did you like the play/plain? (2) Mom said it was war/ worn, didnt she? (3) I could feel the ray/rain on my face. (4) Is it really dull/done? (5) Wheres the dogs bone/bowl? (6) Thats a fine/file cabinet. 6

12、. Read the following sentences. (1) Nothing venture, nothing have (2) Nancys number is neither ninety nor nineteen. (3) Helens new house is near the lake. (4) Good morning. Im looking for a one-bed-bedroom apartment downtown.,Exercises,1. Practise the sound / in sing. / , / / , / / 2. Listen and try

13、 to distinguish whether the sound read is /n/or /. sin sing son song thin thing ran rang win wing ton tong 3. Read the following words. First slowly, then quickly. singer singing youngish hang up long ago bring it wrong again among others,Exercises,4. Listen and repeat. Pay special attention to the

14、phoneme /. (1) The golden rule of life is making a beginning. (2) Mr. Finger will linger longer because his hunger is stronger. (3) My uncle sang a spring song in the jungle. (4) Cam brings on gray hair and age without years. (5) I can think of six thin things, Six thin things, can you? Yes, I can t

15、hink of six thin things, And of six thick things, too. (6) As I was going along, along, along, I sang a comical song, song, song. The lane that I went so long, long, long, And the song that I sang was as long, long, long, And so I went along singing the song, song, song.,/,Allophonic variations of /r/,Devoiced as in voiceless clusters: treat The one-tap flap /r/: very The retroflexed /r/: right The back /r/, before or after /k/ or /: crate grey,/l/-/r/ ，/r/和 ri (日)对比练习:/liru/&/luri/rural, lull, really, leery,Allophonic variations of /l/,Sylla