Unit5AdelicateworldStartingoutUnderstandingideas课件-高中英语选择性

ByMr.AbleBook5Unit5AdelicateworldStartingoutToanalysethereasonswhythechangesofAralSea’ssatelliteimageshappened;Todiscusstheactionswecantaketoprotectourearth;TolearnhowthechaoswascausedinMacquarieIslandandhowpeopletriedtoprotecttheisland;Tolearntodescribeastorybyusingamind-map;Torealizethegreateffectofhumans’actionsonecologyandtheimportanceofecologicalbalance.LearningobjectivesWhatishappeninginthepictures?

extensivedeforestation1.serioussoilerosion;2.desertification;3.shorageoffreshwater;4.Severedrought......Activity1Lead-inspeakingSeveredamagetotheecosystemWhatisanecosystem?Anecosystemisageographicareawhereplants,

animals,andotherorganisms,aswellasweatherandlandscape,worktogethertoformabubbleoflife.Ecosystemscontainbioticorliving,parts,aswellasabiotic([ˌeɪbaɪ'ɒtɪk]非生物的)factors,ornon-livingparts.

Bioticfactorsincludeplants,

animals,andotherorganisms.Abioticfactorsincluderocks,

temperature,andhumidity.Everyfactorinanecosystemdependsoneveryotherfactor,eitherdirectlyorindirectly.Achangeinthetemperatureofanecosystemwilloftenaffectwhatplantswillgrowthere,forinstance.

Animalsthatdependonplantsforfoodandshelterwillhavetoadapttothechanges,movetoanotherecosystem,orperish.Activity1Lead-inspeakingAwonderfulserenityhastakenpossesstundra/'tʌndrə/冻原temperategrassland温带草原llano['lɑːnəʊ]南美大草原Awonderfulserenityhastakenpossesstaiga/'taɪɡə/北方针叶林prairie/ˈpreəri/北美草原intertidalzone/ɪntə'taɪdəl/潮间带Awonderfulserenityhastakenpossesssavannah/sə'vænə/稀树草原steppe/step/

干草原subtidalzone/sʌb'taɪdl/潮下带Whatecosystemsdoyouknow?Activity1Lead-inspeakingAwonderfulserenityhastakenpossesscontinentalshelf大陆架tropicalrainforests热带雨林wetlands湿地Awonderfulserenityhastakenpossessdeepoceanzones深海带Articicepacks北极浮冰Awonderfulserenityhastakenpossessestuary/ˈestjuəri/港湾temperaterainforests温带雨林marinemudflat海滨泥滩deciduous[dɪ'sɪdʒuəs]forests落叶林Whatecosystemsdoyouknow?Activity1Lead-inspeakingWatchthevideoandanswerthequestions(Ex1).1ArehumanspartofEarth’secosystems?Why?2Inwhatwayscanhumansaffectecosystems?Activity2Watchandanswer1

ArehumanspartofEarth’secosystems?Why?2

Inwhatwayscanhumansaffectecosystems?Yes,becausealllivingthingsliveinecosystemsandhumansarelivingthings.SohumansarepartofEarth’secosystem.

Humansaffectecosystemsinpositiveandnegativeways.Ontheonehand,theyplanttrees,protectanimals,andrecyclethings.Butontheotherhand,airandwaterpollutionandwaterwastefromhumansdoharmtoecosystems.Watchthevideoandanswerthequestions.Activity2Watchandanswer

ConnectedTogether(PartI)

BetweenwhereIamstandingandwhereveryouaresitting,therearemillionsofdifferenttypesofplantsandanimals,millionsofdifferentspecies,alllivingtogetherintheenvironment,insomethingwecallan__________.Nowinorderforanecosystemtobesuccessful,inorderforittobehealthy,ithastohavedifferentkindsofplantsandanimals--lotsofdifferentkindsofplantsandanimals...somethingwecall“biodiversity".Nowbiodiversitysoundskindof____________.Butifyoulisten,italsosoundskindofnice.ThisistheEarth,ourworld.Allthelivingthingsthatweknowoflivehere,andtheyliveinecosystems,placesliketundras,taigas,savannahs,grasslands,prairies,deserts,steppes,intertidalzones,subtidalzones,continentalshelves,deepoceanzones,estuaries,deciduousforests,temperaterainforests,tropicalrainforests,Articicepacks,wetlands,marinemudflatsandcities.That'salotofenvironmentsbuttherearealotoflivingthingsto_____them_____.TheEarth'senvironmentsarejustcrowdedwithlife.Livingthings______________everywheretheycan.Here'saninsectlivingrightontopofbladesofgrass.It'salivingthingthatlivesonotherlivingthings.See,environmentsalwayshavelivingpartsand_________parts.Someanimalsliveontopofplants,someanimalsliveinthewater,someplantsgrowonrocks.It'sallpartoftheecosystem.Listenagainandfillintheblanks.Activity3Listeningecosystemcomplicatedfilluptakeholdnon-livingConnectedTogether(PartII)

Nearlythree-quartersoftheworld'ssurfaceiscoveredwithwater.Somostoftheworld'slivingthingslivehere,justoneecosystemafteranother.Now[as]nearaswecantell,all[the]livingthingsdependonotherlivingthings.Sothemoredifferentkindsoflivingthingsinanecosystem,themoresuccessfulitis.Wecallthis“biodiversity”--differentkindsoflife.Wecanthinkofanecosystemasthiswoodenpuzzlegame.Seeallthedifferentspecies?Theyallfittogetherandtheydependoneachothertolive.Andyouknow,onceinawhileaspecieswillgo______,it'lldisappearfromtheecosystem.Youcanseehowyoucanlose...afewofthosewithouttoomuchtrouble.But[if]youstarttolosetoomany,thewholethingbecomes...becomesalittle..._______.Now,wheredopeoplefitin?Oh,theyfitinjustabouteverywhere.Justaboutanywhereyoucanwalk,you'llfindpeoplelivingbecausepeoplearelivingthingsandtheyarepartoftheecosystem.Sowhenwegotomanageanecosystem,wehavetobecarefulabouthowthingsfittogetherortherewon'tbeaplaceforus.Wehavetobeverycareful...extremelycareful.Nowthishasn'thappenedyet,butitcould.Ecosystemsarealittlebitlikethisgameofsticks.Youcan'ttakeonestickoutwithout____________mostoftheotherones.Thethingsthatliveinecosystemsdependoneachother.Theyareconnected.It'skindofcool!Listenagainandfillintheblanks.Activity3ListeningextinctricketydisturbingAralSea咸海Activity4WatchandthinkWhatisthelakeinthepictures?WatchthechangeofAralSeaandbepreparedtoanswersomequestions.Activity4WatchandthinkLookatthesatelliteimagesandanswerthequestions(Ex2).1)Whatishappeningtotheareaaccordingtothesatelliteimages?2)Whatdoyouthinkalatersatelliteimagewouldshow?3)Whatdoyouthinkcausedthesechanges?Thewaterareaisshrinking.Thewaterareawillbesmaller.Perhapsbecauseofhumanover-exploitation.Activity4WatchandthinkWhatroledoyouthinkhumansshouldplayinkeepingthebalanceofecosystems?Activity5SpeakingGroupdiscussionWeandotherlivingthings,suchasplants,animals,insectsarelivingonthisplanettogether!Wedependoneachothertolive.That’showecosystemswork!ByMr.AbleBook5Unit5AdelicateworldUnderstandingideasLearningaimsToknowsomethingaboutMacquarieIsland.Topracticeourreadingskills.Tospuroursenseofenvironmentalprotection.Whatanimalscanyouseeinthepicture?Whatkindofchangeswouldtakeplaceifcats,ratsandrabbitswereintroducedtoanenvironmentlikethis?Activity1Lead-inLookatthepictureandanswerthequestions(Ex1):Penguinsandbirds.MacquarieIslandliesintheSouth-westPacificOcean,halfwaybetweenAustraliaandAntarctica.Itsnativeinhabitantsencounteredchallenges.Humanintervention

ledtotheerosionoftheoriginalhabitat,casedchaosanddestroyedtheecologydramatically.Activity1Lead-inreadingMacquarieIsland:fromChaostoConservationActivity2FastReadingScanthepassage,findoutwhathappenedtoMacquarieIslandandchoosetheauthor’spurposeinwritingthepassage(Ex2&3).Task1:FindoutwhathappenedtoMacquarieIsland(Ex2)Non-nativespeciesintroducedtoMacquarieIslandattackednativebirds,andledtoasubstantialreductionofbirdpopulationandeventheextinctionofparakeets.Inaddition,non-nativespeciesateanddevastatedthenativevegetation.Allofthisplayedapartinupsettingthenaturalharmonyoftheisland.Butnowtheisland’secologyisontheroadtorecoverywithhumanefforts.Activity2FastReadingTask2:Choosetheauthor’spurposeinwritingthepassage(Ex3)1.ToanalysehowMacquarieIslandwassavedfromdestruction.2.ToinformreadersofthechaoscausedonMacquarieIslandbyhumans.3.Toentertainreaderswithafunnystoryaboutwhathappenedon MacquarieIsland.4.Tosuggestwaysinwhichanecosystemcanbeprotected.Para2:...It’satragicstorythatbeganin1810whenhumansarrivedonthe

island...Para6:So,IamhereonMacquarieIslandtoparticipateintheprogrammeto

trackthisproblem.Thefirststep...Therearemanyotherexamples…Activity2FastReadingOrganiseinformationfromthepassageandcompletetheflowchart.(P69)Activity3CarefulReading1IamstandingonMacquarieIsland,intheSouth-westPacificOcean,halfwaybetweenAustraliaandAntarctica.Strongwindsandstormyseashavehelpedsculptitslong,thinshape.Thegreengrassandbarerockofitslandscapecontrastdramatically,givingitawildandnaturalbeauty.NovisitorwouldthinkitsurprisingthattheislandisaUNESCOWorldHeritageSite.Norwouldtheyfailtoimaginehowitsnativeinhabitants,includingroyalpenguins,kingpenguins,andelephantseals,existedinperfectharmonywiththeirnaturalhabitatforthousandsofyears.Whataspectsoftheislandaredescribedinpara1?Activity3CarefulReadingLocation,shape,landscape&inhabitants.

kingpenguinsroyalpenguinelephantseal2Buttheisland’smorerecenthistorytellsadifferentstory.It’satragicstorythatbeganin1810whenhumansarrivedontheisland.Intheirshipstheyunknowinglybroughtratsandmice.Thesesmallanimalsquicklytookovertheisland,eatingthebirds’eggsandattackingbabybirds.Catswerebroughttotheislandtocontroltheratsandmice.Unfortunately,thecatssubsequently

developedanappetiteforthebirds,too.Activity3CarefulReadingCatswerebroughttotheisland.theytookovertheisland,eatingthebirds’eggsandattackingbabybirds.Thecatsdevelopedanappetiteforthebirds.3Meanwhile,rabbitswereintroducedtotheislandasasourceoffoodforhumans.Looseontheisland,theydidwhatrabbitsdobest--theymultiplied

rapidlyandbeganeatingthenativevegetationanddiggingholes,whichcausedsoilerosion.Theexplodingrabbitpopulationprovidedplentifulfoodforthecats,meaningthatthenumberofcatsalsoincreased.Thisinturn

ledtomorecatshuntingthebirds.Theendresultwasthatparakeets,oncelargeinnumberandnativetotheisland,diedoutin1891.Rabbitswereintroducedtotheisland.Toprovidefoodforhumans.theexplodingrabbitpopulationprovidedplentifulfoodforthecats.Morecatshuntedthebirdsandparakeetsdiedout.Activity3CarefulReading4EvenafterMacquarieIslandbecameanofficialnaturereserveinthe1970s,therabbitsremainedoutofcontrol.Expertsfeltitnecessarytocomeupwithaplantoremovealltherabbitsfromtheisland.Withthisgoalinmind,aviruswasreleasedontotheisland.Butalthoughtheviruscausedtherabbitpopulationtodecreasefrom130,000toaround10,000,italsomeantlessfoodforthecats.Thecatsinconsequenceturnedtheirattention--andtheirstomachs--backtothenativebirds,killingupto60,000eachyear.Inthe1980s,trapsanddogswereusedtocatchthecats.ThelastMacquarieIslandcatwascaughtin2000.Activity3CarefulReadingAviruswasreleasedontotheisland.Trapsanddogswereused.Toremovealltherabbitsfromtheisland.Tocatchthecats.Substantialreductionofrabbitpopulationledtocatskillingmorenativebirds.Thepopulationofratsandmiceincreased.Andtherabbitpopulationexplodedonceagain.5Butasthesayinggoes,“Whilethecat’saway,themicewillplay.”Withthedepartureofthecatsfromtheisland,themouseandratpopulationstartedtoincrease.Andrememberthose10,000orsorabbits?Itturnedoutthattheydevelopedanimmunitytothevirus,andtheirnumbersexplodedonceagain.Thenin2006,therabbits’diggingcausedsomelandtocollapse,andkilledasubstantialnumberofpenguins.Thisincidentmadeitclearthattherat,mouseandrabbitproblemneededsolving

onceandforall.Whatdoesparagraph5mainlytalkabout?Itisabouttheongoingviciouscircle(恶性循环):Themouseandratpopulationstartedtoincrease.Thenumberofrabbitexploded,causingsomelandtocollapse,andpenguinskilled.Activity3CarefulReading6So,IamhereonMacquarieIslandtoparticipateintheprogrammetotacklethisveryproblem.Thefirststepinvolvedpoisonbeingdroppedfromhelicopters.Thenextstepistoremovethelastremaininginvadingspecies,andthat’swhereIcomein--withmydogs.Theyhavebeentrainedtofindeverylastone,withoutharmingthenativeanimals.Thisinterventionisalong,much-delayedendingtoasadstory,butwehumansoweittotheislandtogiveitahappyending.Activity3CarefulReadingPoisonanddogswereused.Toremovealltheremaininginvadingspecies.Theislandispest-freeanditsecologyisontheroadtorecovery.Activity4AfterReadingPleasedrawthestructureofthepassageandwritedownthemainideaforeachpart.Para.1Para.3Para.4Para.2Para.5Para.6PartⅠAnintroductiontotheisland.PartⅡThetragicstoryofthenativespecies.PartⅢTheprogrammetorecovertheecology.rats&mice?cats?rabbits?human’scarelessbehaviors

human'simpropermeasures“Wehumansoweittotheislandtogiveitahappyending.”Activity4AfterReadingThink&ShareWhatdoyouthinkistoblameforthechaosinMacquarieIsland?Doyouthinkitrighttoeradicatethe“pests”fromMacquarieIsland?getridof--ToBeContinued

MacquarieIslandtakesonalong,thinshape,1.

isbecauseofstrongwindsand2.

(storm)seas.ItisaUNESCOWorldHeritageSite.Itsnativeinhabitantsexistedinperfectharmonywiththeirnaturalhabitatforthousandsofyears.In1810,humansarrivedontheislandwithratsandmiceunknowingly.Theseanimalsquicklytookovertheisland,3.

(bring)disasterstobirds.Unfortunatelycats4.

(intend)tocontrolratsandmicedevelopedanappetiteforbirds,too.Later,rabbits5.

(introduce)buttheyledtogreaterdamagetotheisland.Expertscameupwithaplantoreleaseavirus6.

(kill)therabbits,butafterwards,theydevelopedanimmunity7.

thevirus,andtheir8.

(number)explodedonceagain.Thisincidentmade9.

clearthattherat,mouseandrabbitproblemneededsolvingonceandforall.Iamheretotacklethisproblem.Ibroughttraineddogstoremovethelast10.

(remain)invadingspecies.Ihopewehumansoweittotheislandtogiveitahappyending.whichstormybringingintendedwereintroducedtokilltonumbersitremainingActivity5Revision1.

v.突然增加;爆炸→

n.爆炸;激增→

adj.爆炸的;爆发的;突增的2.

n.免疫力→

adj.有免疫力的3.

n.侵蚀→

v.侵蚀4.

n.生态;生态学→

adj.生态的;生态学的5.

adv.显著地→

adj.戏剧性的;突然的→

n.戏;剧;戏剧;戏剧艺术6.

n.保护;保持→

v.保护;节约→

n.环境保护主义者7.

n.离开→

v.离开explodeexplosionexplosiveimmunityimmuneerosionerodeecologyecologicaldramaticallydramaticdramaActivity5RevisionWordsconservationconserveconservationistdeparturedepart8.

n.干预,干涉→

v.干预;介入;干扰9.

adv.后来,随后→

adj.随后的;之后的→

n.接续;随后发生的事情10.

v.雕刻;使成形→

n.雕塑;雕像→

n.雕刻家;雕塑家11.

v.参加→

n.参与;参加→

n.参与者;参加者12.

adj.大量的;丰富的→

n.大量;众多13.

n.毒药,毒物,毒素→

adj.有毒的14.

n.破坏;毁灭;摧毁→

v.破坏;摧毁→

adj.破坏性的;毁灭性的interventionintervenesubsequentlysubsequentsubsequenceActivity5RevisionWordssculptsculpturesculptorparticipateparticipationparticipantplentifulplentypoisonpoisonousdestructiondestroydestructiveActivity5RevisionPhrases处于混乱chaos 未做到/未做成fail与...协调/一致harmony

占领;接管take

对...产生食欲develop土壤侵蚀soil依次;轮流;相应地turn自然保护区nature从...减少到...decrease因此;结果in大量的substantial彻底地;一劳永逸地once应当为...做...owe用...使...快乐entertain每一个last

beinchaosfailtodosth.beinharmonywithtakeoverdevelopanappetitefor...soilerosioninturnnaturereservedecreasefrom...to...inconsequenceasubstan