医学英语高频词汇04+消化系统

消化系统高频词汇 第一课01.

gastroenterology

[ˌgæstroʊˌentə'rɒlədʒɪ]

肠胃病学gastr/o(stomach)

enter/o(intestines)-logy(process

of

study)The

British

Society

of

Gastroenterology/UK-PBC

primary

biliarycholangitis

treatment

and

management

guidelines.英国胃肠病学会（UK-PBC

）关于原发性胆汁性胆管炎治疗和管理指南。SOURCE:

Gut

2018

Sep;67

(9):1568-1594.02.

gastrointestinal

bleeding[ˌgæstroʊɪnˈtestɪnl]消化道出血Upper

gastrointestinal

bleeding

incritically

illpatients:

PPIs,H2RAsor

placebo?重症患者的上消化道出血：PPIs，H2RAs或安慰剂？（PPIs：质子泵抑制剂；H2RAs：组胺-2受体拮抗剂）SOURCE:

Curr

Med

Res

Opin

2018

Aug;

1-9.03.

upper

gastrointestinal

bleeding[ˈʌpɚ

ˌɡæstroɪnˈtɛstənəl

ˈblidɪŋ]上消化道出血BilateralCaudate

Nucleus

Infarctions

Following

UpperGastrointestinalBleeding.继发于上消化道出血后的双侧尾状核梗死。SOURCE:

JStroke

CerebrovascDis

2018Sep;27

(9):e219-e220.04.gastroparesis

['ɡæstroʊpæerɪsɪs]

胃轻瘫-paresis(weakness)Earlier

surgery

might

perhaps

also

reduce

postoperative

hospital

stayandgastroparesis.早期手术也可能减少术后住院时间和胃轻瘫的发生。SOURCE:

Acta

Chir

Belg

2018

Aug;

1-4.05.

gastroduodenoscope

胃十二指肠镜duoden/o(duodenum)-scope(instrument

for

visual

examination)A

9.9-mm

gastroduodenoscope

was

used

during

colonoscopy

toinspect

the

mass.在结肠镜检查期间使用直径约9.9mm的胃十二指肠镜来检查肿块。SOURCE:

J

Am

Vet

Med

Assoc

2014

Jun;244(12):1435-40.06.

gastrointestinal

endoscopy[ˌgæstroʊɪnˈtestɪnl][enˈdɑ:skəpi]

胃肠道内窥镜检查endo-(in,

within)-scopy(process

of

visual

examination)Future

directionsin

diagnosticgastrointestinalendoscopy.胃肠道内窥镜检查诊断的未来方向。SOURCE:

Lancet

Gastroenterol

Hepatol

2018Sep;3(9):595-597.07.

pylorus

[paɪ’loʊrəs]

幽门pylor/o(pylorus,

pyloric

sphincter)-us(structure,

thing)The

ulcer

isusuallylocated

close

to

the

pylorus.溃疡常紧靠幽门。来自梁平教授08.

pyloroplasty

[paɪ'lɔrəplæstɪ]

幽门成形术-plasty(surgical

repair)Laparoscopic

pyloroplasty

for

perforated

peptic

ulcer.腹腔镜幽门成形术用于治疗穿孔性消化性溃疡。SOURCE:

Wideochir

Inne

Tech

Maloinwazyjne

2017

Sep;12(3):311-314.09.

gastroesophageal

refluxdisease[ˌɡæstroɪˈsɑfəˌdʒiəl

ˈriˌflʌks]

胃食管反流病(GERD)gastr/o(stomach)

esophag/o(esophagus)-eal(pertaining

to)Surgical

managementof

gastroesophageal

reflux

disease

inpatients

with

systemicsclerosis.系统性硬化症患者胃食管反流病的外科治疗。SOURCE:

Surg

Endosc

2018

Sep;32

(9):3855-3860.10.

erosive

esophagitis[ɪ'roʊsɪv][ɪsɒfə'dʒaɪtɪs]

糜烂性食管炎Weight

Lossasa

NonpharmacologicStrategyfor

ErosiveEsophagitis:

a

5-Year

Follow-up

Study.减肥作为糜烂性食管炎的非药物策略：5年随访研究。SOURCE:

Gut

Liver

2018

Jul

20.Terminology

Reviewgastroenterology

[ˌgæstroʊˌentə'rɒlədʒɪ]肠胃病学gastrointestinal

bleeding

[ˌgæstroʊɪnˈtestɪnl]

消化道出血upper

gastrointestinal

bleeding[ˈʌpɚ

ˌɡæstroɪnˈtɛstənəl

ˈblidɪŋ]上消化道出血gastroparesis

['ɡæstroʊpæerɪsɪs]

胃轻瘫gastroduodenoscope

胃十二指肠镜Terminology

Reviewgastrointestinal

endoscopy[ˌgæstroʊɪnˈtestɪnl]

[enˈdɑ:skəpi]

胃肠道内窥镜检查pylorus

[paɪ’loʊrəs]幽门pyloroplasty

[paɪ'lɔrəplæstɪ]幽门成形术gastroesophageal

reflux

disease

(GERD)[ˌɡæstroɪˈsɑfəˌdʒiəl

ˈriˌflʌks]

胃食管反流病10.erosive

esophagitis

[ɪ'roʊsɪv][ɪsɒfə'dʒaɪtɪs]糜烂性食管炎消化系统高频词汇 第二课01.esophageal

achalasia[ˌi:sə'fædʒɪəl][ˌækə'leɪʒə]食管贲门失弛缓症a-(no,

without) -chalasia(relaxation)Per-oral

endoscopic

myotomy

for

esophageal

achalasia

in

a

case

ofAllgrove

syndrome.通过口腔内镜下肌切除术治疗Allgrove综合征患者的食管贲门失弛缓症。SOURCE:

Clin

J

Gastroenterol

2018

Aug;11

(4):273-277.02.

carcinoma

of

esophagus[ˌkɑ:rsɪˈnoʊmə][ɪˈsɑfəɡəs]

食管癌Expression

and

significance

of

ASPP2

in

squamouscarcinoma

ofesophagus.ASPP2在食管鳞状细胞癌中的表达及意义。（ASPP2-apoptosis

stimulating

protein

of

P53

2，P53凋亡刺激蛋白2抗原）SOURCE:

KaohsiungJMed

Sci2018Jun;34

(6):321-329.03.

esophageal

varices[ˌi:sə'fædʒɪəl]['verɪˌsi:z]食管静脉曲张The

Baveno

VIcriteria

enable

non-invasive

screening

foresophageal

varices.Baveno

VI标准允许对食管静脉曲张进行非侵入性筛查。SOURCE:

J

Gastroenterol

Hepatol

2018

Jun;04.

Barrett’s

esophagus

巴雷特食管Esophageal

adenocarcinoma

(EAC)

is

thought

to

develop

fromasymptomatic

Barrett's

esophagus(BE)

witha

low

annualrate

ofconversion.食管腺癌（EAC）被认为是由从无症状的巴雷特食管（BE）发展而来，其年转化率较低。SOURCE:

Mol

Cell

Proteomics

2018

Aug;05.sialadenitis[ˌsaɪəˌlædn'aɪtɪs]

涎腺炎sialaden/o(salivary

gland)Morphological

evidence

ofbiofilm

in

chronic

obstructive

sialadenitis.慢性阻塞性唾液腺炎中生物膜的形态学证据。SOURCE:

JLaryngol

Otol

2018Jul;132(7):611-614.06.acutegastritis[əˈkjutɡæˈstraɪtɪs]

急性胃炎Acute

gastritisassociated

with

Epstein-Barr

virusinfection

in

a

child.急性胃炎与儿童Epstein-Barr病毒（

EB病毒）感染有关。SOURCE:

Korean

JPediatr

2016Nov;59

(Suppl1):S68-S71.07.

appendicitis

[əˌpɛndɪˈsaɪtɪs]

阑尾炎appendic/o(appendix)Actinomycosis,

in

particular,

leads

to

chronic

sinus

tracts

in

the

neck,chest,and

lower

abdomen

after

operations

for

infected

lung

cysts,diverticulitis,

or

appendicitis.尤其是在放线菌病所致的肺囊肿、憩室炎、阑尾炎手术后可于颈部、胸部和下腹部形成慢性窦道。来自梁平教授08.

pancreatitis[ˌpænkrɪr'taɪtɪs]

胰腺炎pancreat/o（pancreas）Nonspecific

abdominal

pain

is

usually

mild,butmild

pain

may

also

befound

with

perforated

ulcersor

mild

acute

pancreatitis.非特异性腹痛通常较轻，但轻度疼痛也可发生于溃疡穿孔和轻度急性胰腺炎。来自梁平教授09.

peritonitis[ˌpɛrɪtnˈaɪtɪs]腹膜炎peritone/o(peritoneum)The

bowel

may

subsequently

perforate,

with

resultant

peritonitis.以后肠管自行穿孔，终于造成腹膜炎。来自梁平教授10.viral

hepatitis

[ˈvaɪrəl

ˌhɛpəˈtaɪtɪs]病毒性肝炎hepat/o(liver)Safety

of

biologicagentsfor

psoriasisin

patientswith

viralhepatitis.银屑病生物制剂用于病毒性肝炎患者的安全性。SOURCE:

J

Dermatolog

Treat

2018

Sep;29(6):553-556Terminology

Reviewesophageal

achalasia[ˌi:sə'fædʒɪəl][ˌækə'leɪʒə]

食管贲门失弛缓症carcinoma

of

esophagus

[ˌkɑ:rsɪˈnoʊmə][ɪˈsɑfəɡəs]食管癌esophageal

varices

[ˌi:sə'fædʒɪəl]['verɪˌsi:z]食管静脉曲张Barrett’s

esophagus

巴雷特食管sialadenitis

[ˌsaɪəˌlædn'aɪtɪs]涎腺炎Terminology

Reviewacute

gastritis

[əˈkjut

ɡæˈstraɪtɪs]

急性胃炎appendicitis

[əˌpɛndɪˈsaɪtɪs]阑尾炎pancreatitis

[ˌpænkrɪr'taɪtɪs]

胰腺炎peritonitis

[ˌpɛrɪtnˈaɪtɪs]腹膜炎10.viral

hepatitis

[ˈvaɪrəl

ˌhɛpəˈtaɪtɪs]

病毒性肝炎消化系统高频词汇 第三课01.

chronic

gastritis

[ˈkrɑnɪk

ɡæˈstraɪtɪs]

慢性胃炎Clarithromycin

resistance

and

female

gender

affectHelicobacterpylori

eradication

failure

in

chronic

gastritis.克拉霉素耐药性和性别（女性）均对慢性胃炎中幽门螺杆菌的根除存在影响。SOURCE:

Korean

J

Intern

Med

2018

Jun;02.

cholecystitis

[ˌkɒləsɪs'taɪtɪs]

胆囊炎chol/e(bile,

gall)cyst/o(cyst,

sac

of

fluid)Seventeen

patients

(49

percent)

had

acute

cholecystitis,

including

3with

gangrenous

changes.17

名患者(49％)有急性胆囊炎，其中3

人有坏疽性变化。来自梁平教授03.

cholecystectomy

[ˌkɒləsɪs'tektəmɪ]

胆囊切除术Overall,

the

mean

age

of

the

35

patients

undergoingcholecystectomy

was

29.1

years.归纳而言，进行胆囊切除的35名患者其平均年龄为29.1岁。来自梁平教授04.

retroperitoneal

lymphadenectomy[ˌretroʊˌperɪtnˈi:əl][lɪmfədˈnektəmɪ]

腹膜后淋巴结清扫术peritone/o(peritoneum)-ectomy(removal,

resection)lymphaden/o(lymph

gland

or

node)Robot-Assisted

Retroperitoneal

Lymphadenectomy

in

TesticularCancer

Treatment:

A

Systematic

Review.机器人辅助应用于腹膜后淋巴结清扫术（治疗睾丸癌）：系统评价。SOURCE:

J

Laparoendosc

Adv

Surg

Tech

A

2018

Jun;28

(6):682-689.05.

hemorrhoids

[ˈhemərɔɪdz]

痔疮hem/o(blood)Hemorrhoids

are

classified

as

internal

or

external.痔分为内痔和外痔。来自梁平教授06.acute

hemorrhagic

necrotizing

enteritis

(AHNE)[ˈhemərædʒaɪk][ˈnekrətaɪzɪŋ][ˌɛntəˈraɪtɪs]急性出血性坏死性肠炎-rrhagia(bursting

forth

of

blood)

necr/o(death)enter/o(intestines)Experience

in

the

nursing

care

ofan

acute

hemorrhagic

necrotizingenteritis.急性出血性坏死性肠炎的护理体会。SOURCE:

ZhonghuaHu

Li

ZaZhi1983Oct;18(5):291-2.07.hematochezia[hemətə'kizɪr]便血hemat/o(blood)-chezia(defecation,

elimination

of

wastes)She

had

been

hospitalized

many

times

over

the

pastyear

forhematocheziaof

unknown

etiology.在过去的一年里，她多次因为病因不明的便血而住院治疗。SOURCE:

Cardiovasc

Intervent

Radiol

2018

Aug;41

(8):1291-1294.08.

lithogenesis

['lɪthoʊdʒenəsɪs]

结石形成lith/o(stone,

calculus)-genesis(producing,

forming)Major

and

trace

elements

in

lithogenesis.结石形成中的主要元素和微量元素。SOURCE:Cent

European

J

Urol

2011

;64

(2):58-61.09.

cholelithiasis

[ˌkoʊləlɪ'θaɪəsɪs]

胆石病chol/e(gall,

bile) lith/o(stone,

calculus)-iasis(abnormal

condition)Symptomatic

cholelithiasis

of

a

remnant

gallbladder

after

opencholecystectomy.开放性胆囊切除术后残余胆囊的症状性胆石病。SOURCE:

J

Emerg

Med

2018

Jun10.

endoscopic

ultrasonography[ˌendəsˈkɒpɪk][ˌʌltrəsəˈnɒgrəfi:]内镜超声检查ultra-(beyond,

excess)

son/o(sound)-graphy(process

of

recording)Updates

in

therapeutic

endoscopic

ultrasonography.治疗性内镜超声检查的最新进展。SOURCE:

J

Clin

Gastroenterol

2018

Aug;Terminology

Reviewchronic

gastritis

['krɑnɪk

ɡæ'straɪtɪs]

慢性胃炎cholecystitis

[ˌkɒləsɪs'taɪtɪs]胆囊炎cholecystectomy

[ˌkɒləsɪs'tektəmɪ]胆囊切除术retroperitoneal

lymphadenectomy[ˌretroʊˌperɪtn'i:əl][lɪmfəd’nektəmɪ]腹膜后淋巴结清扫术hemorrhoids

['hemərɔɪdz]

痔疮Terminology

Reviewacute

hemorrhagic

necrotizing

enteritis

(AHNE)['hemərædʒaɪk]['nekrətaɪzɪŋ][ˌɛntə'raɪtɪs]急性出血性坏死性肠炎hematochezia

[hemətə'kizɪr]便血lithogenesis

['lɪthoʊdʒenəsɪs]结石形成cholelithiasis

[ˌkoʊləlɪ'θaɪəsɪs]胆石病10.

endoscopic

ultrasonography[ˌendəs'kɒpɪk][ˌʌltrəsə'nɒgrəfi:]内镜超声检查消化系统高频词汇 第四课01.

endoscopicsclerotherapy for

esophageal

varices[ˌendəs'kɒpɪk][sklɪəroʊ'ðerəpɪ]

内镜下食管静脉曲张硬化治疗endo(within,

in)

scler/o(hard)-therapy(treatment)The

observation

and

nursing

care

after

endoscopic

sclerotherapy

foresophageal

varices.内镜下食管静脉曲张硬化治疗的观察及护理。02.

endoscopic

mucosal

resection

(EMR)[ˌendəs'kɒpɪk][ˌmjuː'kəʊsəl][rɪ'sekʃn]

内镜下黏膜切除术mucos/o(mucous

membrane-mucosa)re-(back,

again,

backward)

-sect/o(to

cut)Endoscopicmucosal

resection

for

intra-ductal

growing

typeintrahepaticcholangiocarcinomaunderdirectper-oralcholangioscopy.经口胆管镜下关于生长型肝内胆管细胞癌的内镜下黏膜切除术。SOURCE:

Dig

Endosc

2018

Aug;03.

endoscopic

submucosal

dissection[ˌendəs'kɒpɪk][ˌsʌbmjuː'koʊsə][daɪ'sɛkʃən]内镜黏膜下剥离术Leiomyosarcomaofthe

stomach

treated

by

endoscopicsubmucosal

dissection.内镜黏膜下剥离术治疗胃平滑肌肉瘤。SOURCE:

Clin

J

Gastroenterol

2018

Aug;11

(4):291-296.04.

peroral

endoscopic

myotomy(POEM)[pər'ɒrəl][ˌendəs'kɒpɪk][maɪ'ɒtəmɪ]经口内镜下肌切开术per-(through)my/o(muscle)or/o(mouth)-tomy(process

of

cutting)Clinical

Practice

Guidelinesfor

Peroral

Endoscopic

Myotomy.经口内镜下肌切开术的临床实践指南。SOURCE:

Dig

Endosc

2018

Jul;05.

endoscopic

retrograde

cholangiopancreatography[ˌendəs'kɒpɪk]

['rɛtrəˌɡred]

[koʊlədʒɪɒpæŋkr’ɪætɒɡrəfi]内镜下逆行胰胆管造影（ERCP）retro-(behind,

backward) cholangi/o(bile

vessel)pancreat/o(pancreas)

-graphy(process

of

recording)Quality

and

competence

in

endoscopic

retrogradecholangiopancreatography

-

Where

are

we

50

years

later?内镜逆行胰胆管造影术的质量和能力——50年后我们将何去何从？SOURCE:

Dig

Liver

Dis

2018

Aug;50

(8): 750-756.06.

laparoscopic

distal

pancreatectomy[ˌlæpərɑːs'kɒpic]['dɪstəlˌpæŋkriə'tɛktəmi]

腹腔镜胰体尾切除术lapar/o(abdominal

wall,

abdomen)dist/o(far,

distant)Splenic

arteryasa

simplelandmarkindicating

difficultyduringlaparoscopic

distalpancreatectomy.脾动脉可作为简单的标志但同时这也表明在腹腔镜远端胰腺切除术期间存在困难。SOURCE:

Asian

J

Endosc

Surg

2018

Apr07.biliary['bɪlieri]胆汁的bil/i(gall,

bile)

-ary(pertaining

to)Abdominal

ultrasonography

was

performed

in

24

patients

andcorrectly

identified

biliary

sludge,

gallstones,

or

both

in

22

(92percent).24名患者作了腹部超声检查，22人(92％)发现有明确的胆汁郁积、胆结石或两者皆有。来自梁平教授08.biliarycolic[ˈbɪliˌɛriˈkɑlɪk]

胆绞痛Correlation

of

Biliary

Colicin

the

Absence

of

CholelithiasiswithPancreaticobiliary

Obstruction.胆石症患者胆绞痛与胰胆管梗阻的相关性研究。SOURCE:

Am

Surg2018

Jun;84

(6):868-874.09.hyperbilirubinemia[haɪpɜbɪlirʌbaɪ'nimɪr]高胆红素血[症]bilirubin/o(bilirubin-bile

pigment)-emia(blood

condition)The

pathogenesis

of

hyperbilirubinemiainIDMsis

not

wellunderstood.糖尿病母亲的婴儿发生高胆红素血症的机理尚未完全明了。来自梁平教授10.

lipoma

[lɪ'poʊmə]

脂肪瘤lip/o(fat,

lipid) -oma(tumor,

mass)Primary

Pulmonary

Artery

Lipoma

Mimicking

PulmonaryThromboembolism.原发性肺动脉脂肪瘤模拟肺血栓栓塞症。SOURCE:

Am

J

Respir

Crit

Care

Med

2018

Aug;Terminology

Reviewendoscopic

sclerotherapy for

esophageal

varices[ˌendəs'kɒpɪk][sklɪəroʊ'ðerəpɪ]内镜下食管静脉曲张硬化治疗endoscopic

mucosal

resection（EMR）[ˌendəs'kɒpɪk][ˌmjuː'kəʊsəl][rɪ'sekʃn]内镜下黏膜切除术endoscopic

submucosal

dissection（ESD）[ˌendəs'kɒpɪk][ˌsʌbmjuː'koʊsə][daɪ'sɛkʃən]内镜黏膜下剥离术peroral

endoscopic

myotomy（POEM）[pər'ɒrəl][ˌendəs'kɒpɪk][maɪ'ɒtəmɪ]经口内镜下肌切开术Terminology

Reviewendoscopic

retrograde

cholangiopancreatography[ˌendəs'kɒpɪk]['rɛtrəˌɡred][koʊlədʒaɪɒpæŋkr'ɪætɒɡər]内镜下逆行胰胆管造影（ERCP）laparoscopic

distal

pancreatectomy[ˌlæpə'rɑːskəpi]['dɪstəlˌpæŋkriə'tɛktəmi]

腹腔镜胰体尾切除术biliary

['bɪlieri]

胆汁的biliary

colic

['bɪliˌɛri'kɑlɪk]胆绞痛hyperbilirubinemia

[haɪpɜbɪlirʌbaɪ'nimɪr]高胆红素血[症]10.lipoma

[lɪ'poʊmə][li'pəumətə]脂肪瘤消化系统系统高频词汇 第五课01.

carcinomaof

stomach

[ˌkɑrsə'nomə]['stʌmək]

胃癌Gastricstump

cancer

wasinitiallydefined

asa

carcinoma

of

thestomach

occurring

more

than

5

years

after

surgery

for

gastric

orduodenal

benign

disease.胃残端癌最初定义为胃或十二指肠良性疾病手术后5年以上发生的胃癌。SOURCE:

Zhonghua

Wei

Chang

Wai

Ke

Za

Zhi

2018

May;21

(5):498-501.02.

pancreaticcarcinoma[ˌpæŋkrɪ'ætɪk][ˌkɑ:rsɪ'noʊmə]

胰腺癌pancreat/o(pancreas)

-ic(pertaining

to)carcin/o(cancerous,

cancer)

-oma(tumor,

mass)Palliative

therapyconceptsfor

pancreatic

carcinoma].胰腺癌的姑息治疗概念。SOURCE:

Chirurg

2018

Aug;03.

liver

failure

['lɪvɚ'feljɚ]肝功能衰竭HepatitisB

virus(HBV)

and

hepatitisC

virus(HCV)

infectionsare

themain

causesof

severe

liverfailure

worldwide.乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）和丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）感染是全球严重肝功能衰竭的主要原因。SOURCE:

Caspian

J

Intern

Med

2018

;9

(1):

16-21.04.autoimmune

liver

disease

[ˌɔtoɪ'mjun]自身免疫性肝病auto-(self,

own)

immun/o(immune)Autoimmune

liverdiseases(AILDs)

are

chronicliver

pathologiescharacterized

by

fibrosis

and

cirrhosis

due

to

immune-mediated

liverdamage.自身免疫性肝病（AILD）是由免疫介导的肝损伤引起的纤维化和肝硬化的慢性肝病。SOURCE:

Hepatology

2018

Jul;68

(1):172-186.05.

alcoholic

liver

disease

[ˌælkə'hɔlɪk]酒精性肝病Transient

elastography

for

alcoholic

liver

disease:

a

stepforward.用于酒精性肝病的瞬态弹性成像：向前迈进了一步。SOURCE:

Lancet

Gastroenterol

Hepatol

2018Sep;3(9):589-591.06.

nonalcoholic

fatty

liver

disease[ˌnɒnˌælkə'hɒlɪk]

非酒精性脂肪肝Nonalcoholicfatty

liver

disease

and

albuminuria:a

systematicreview

and

meta-analysis.非酒精性脂肪肝和白蛋白尿：系统评价和meta分析。SOURCE:

EurJGastroenterolHepatol

201809;30(9):986-994.07.

liverabscess

['lɪvɚ'æbˌsɛs]

肝脓肿Cryptogenic

and

non-cryptogenic

liver

abscess:

A

retrospectiveanalysis

of178

cases

revealed

distinct

characteristics.隐源性和非隐源性肝脓肿：178例病例的回顾性分析显示出明显的特征。SOURCE:

J

Int

Med

Res

2018

Aug

9:300060518781256.08.

hepatic

encephalopathy[hɪ'pætɪk][ɛnˌsɛfə'lɑpəθi]肝性脑病encephal/o(brain)-pathy(disease,

emotion)Postoperative

delirium

after

liver

transplantation

is

relatively

common,especially

due

to

preexisting

conditions

such

as

hepaticencephalopathy.谵妄在肝移植术后很常见，特别是在先前存在肝性脑病等病症的病例中就更常见了。SOURCE:

World

JSurg

2018

09;42(9):2992-2999.09.

hepatic

cirrhosis

[hɪ'pætɪk][sə'rosis]肝硬化cirrh/o(orange-yellow)As

the

population

ofpatientswith

Fontan

circulation

surviving

intoadulthood

increases,

hepatic

cirrhosis

hasgrown

to

be

a

significantcauseofmorbidity

and

mortality.随着Fontan循环存活到成年期的患者人数增加，肝硬化已成为发病率和死亡率的重要原因。SOURCE:

Congenit

Heart

Dis

2018

Aug;10.

Wilson

disease

['wɪlsən]肝豆状核变性Wilsondisease,

but

also

othertreatable

metabolicand/or

geneticdiseases,and

auto-immune

diseases

will

be

systematicallyconsidered.将全面地考虑肝豆状核变性、其他可治疗的代谢和/或遗传疾病以及自身免疫疾病。SOURCE:

Rev

Med

Interne

2018

Aug;39

(8):

641-649.Terminology

Reviewcarcinoma

of

stomach

[ˌkɑrsə'nomə]['stʌmək]

胃癌pancreatic

carcinoma[ˌpæŋkrɪ'ætɪk][ˌkɑ:rsɪ'noʊmə]

胰腺癌liver

failure

['lɪvɚ'feljɚ]肝功能衰竭autoimmune

liver

disease

[ˌɔtoɪ'mjun]自身免疫性肝病alcoholic

liver

disease

[ˌælkə'hɔlɪk]酒精性肝病Terminology

Reviewnonalcoholic

fatty

liver

disease[ˌnɒnˌælkə'hɒlɪk]非酒精性脂肪肝liver

abscess

['lɪvɚ'æbˌsɛs]

肝脓肿hepatic

encephalopathy

[hɪ'pætɪk][ɛnˌsɛfə'lɑpəθi]

肝性脑病hepatic

cirrhosis

[hɪ'pætɪk] [sə'rosis]肝硬化10.Wilson

disease

['wɪlsən]肝豆状核变性消化系统高频词汇 第六课01.

polypectomy

[pɒlɪ'pektəmɪ]

息肉切除术polyp/o-(polyp,

small

growth)A

limitation

of

determination

ofthe

completeness

ofresection

inpolypectomy

is

polypfragmentation.息肉碎裂使息肉切除术中息肉完整性的确定存在局限。SOURCE:

Gastrointest

Endosc2018Sep;88(3):536-541.02.

gastric

polyps

['ɡæstrɪk]['pɑ:lɪps]

胃息肉With

the

extended

use

of

endoscopy,

gastric

polyps

(GP)

havebecomemore

prevalent:some

are

associated

with

the

infection,some

are

not.随着内窥镜检查的广泛应用，胃息肉（GP）的诊出率提高：一些与感染有关，一些则不然。SOURCE:

Minerva

Gastroenterol

Dietol

2018

Sep;64

(3): 280-296.03.

inflammatory

bowel

disease

(IBD)[ɪn'flæməˌtɔri]['baʊəl]

炎性肠病Gastrointestinal

(GI)

microbiota

are

known

to

play

paramountrole

ininflammatory

bowel

disease

(IBD).已知胃肠微生物群在炎性肠病（IBD）中起着至关重要的作用。SOURCE:

Gastroenterol

Hepatol

Bed

Bench

2018

;11

(1):1-8.04.

Crohn’s

disease

克罗恩病Effect

of

tight

controlmanagement

on

Crohn'sdisease(CALM):

amulticentre,

randomised,

controlled

phase

3

trial.严格控制管理对克罗恩病（CALM）的影响：一项多中心，随机，对照的3期试验。SOURCE:

Lancet

2018

12;390

(10114):2779-2789.05.

ulcerative

colitis

['ʌlsərətɪv][kə'laɪtɪs]溃疡性结肠炎Meanwhile,the

patientalso

complained

ofbloody

stools

and

wasdiagnosed

with

ulcerative

colitis.同时，患者还主诉有血便并被诊断为溃疡性结肠炎。SOURCE:

Auris

Nasus

Larynx

2018

Oct;45

(5):1130-1134.06.

peptic

ulcer

['pɛptɪk

'ʌlsɚ]胃溃疡Endoscopic

dual

therapy

for

giant

peptic

ulcer

hemorrhage.内镜下双重治疗巨大消化性溃疡出血。SOURCE:

Endoscopy

2018

Aug

14.07.

rectocele

['rektəˌsɪl]

脱肛rect/o(rectum) -cele(hernia)Four

women

(4%)

were

reoperated

for

prolapse:

two

for

recurrentanteriorcompartmentprolapse

and

two

for

de

novo

rectocele.四名女性（4％）因脱垂而再次手术：两名女性复发前房脱垂，两名女性复发脱肛。SOURCE:

Int

Urogynecol

J

2018

08;29

(8):1187-1192.08.

colorectalcancer[ˌkolə'rɛktəl

'kænsɚ]结肠直肠癌col/o(colon)

rect/o(rectum)Knockdown

ofmetadherin

inhibits

cell

proliferation

and

migration

incolorectal

cancer.美托沙林能抑制结肠直肠癌中的细胞增殖和迁移。SOURCE:

Oncol

Rep

2018

Oct;40

(4):2215-2223.09.

colonoscopy

[ˌkoʊlənə'skɒpɪ]

结肠镜检查colon/o(colon)Preoperative

colonoscopy

is

preferred,

but

postoperativeexamination

willsuffice

if

circumstancesdonot

allowit

before.最好能在术前进行结肠镜检查，如果术前病人情况不允许，术后仍需补做。来自梁平教授10.

megacolon

[megə'koʊlən]巨结肠（症）mega-(giant,big)In-hospital

mortality

for

toxic

megacolon.毒性巨结肠的院内死亡率。SOURCE:

InternEmergMed2018

Aug;Terminology

Reviewpolypectomy

[pɒlɪ'pektəmɪ]息肉切除术gastric

polyps

['ɡæstrɪk]['pɑ:lɪps]胃息肉inflammatory

bowel

disease

(IBD)[ɪn'flæməˌtɔri]['baʊəl]

炎性肠病Crohn’s

disease

克罗恩病ulcerative

colitis

['ʌlsərətɪv][kə'laɪtɪs]溃疡性结肠炎Terminology

Reviewpeptic

ulcer

['pɛptɪk

'ʌlsɚ]胃溃疡rectocele

['rektəˌsɪl]

脱肛colorectal

cancer

[ˌkolə'rɛktəl

'kænsɚ]结肠直肠癌colonoscopy

[ˌkoʊlənə'skɒpɪ]结肠镜检查10.megacolon

[megə'koʊlən]巨结肠（症）消化系统高频词汇 第七课01.

proctology

[prɒk'tɒlədʒɪ]

直肠病学proct/o(auns

and

rectum)To

evaluate

the

efficacy

of

the

over-the-scope

clip(OTSC(®))

proctology

setfor

the

closure

ofrefractory

anal

fistulas.评价超视镜夹（OTSC(®)）直肠手术治疗难治性肛瘘的疗效。SOURCE:

TechColoproctol.

2015

Apr;19(4):241-6.02.

intestinalobstruction[ɪn'tɛstənəl][əb'strʌkʃən]肠梗阻Allgeneral

surgeons

should

be

wary

ofthe

potential

complication

ofoesophageal

perforation

secondary

to

intestinal

obstruction.所有普外医生都应该警惕继发于肠梗阻的潜在并发症—食管穿孔。SOURCE:

Ann

R

Coll

Surg

Engl

2018

Aug;

e1-e4.03.

intestinal

rupture

[ɪnˈtɛstənəl][ˈrʌptʃɚ]肠破裂Typhlitis

and

intestinal

rupture

should

be

considered

as

adifferentialdiagnosis

for

acute

onset

severe

abdominal

pain

in

gorillas.大猩猩严重腹痛急性发作时，甲状腺炎和肠破裂应被纳入鉴别诊断范围。SOURCE:

JZooWildl

Med2017Jun;48

(2):540-543.04.

dysphagia

[dɪs'feɪdʒɪr]吞咽困难dys-(

difficult,

abnormal)-phag/o(swallow)It

is

much

more

common

in

women

and

occasionally

causesdysphagia.此病在女性中更常见，偶尔引起吞咽困难。来自梁平教授05.

functional

dyspepsia['fʌŋkʃənəl][dɪs'pɛpʃə]功能性消化不良-pepsia(digestion)Functional

dyspepsia

(FD)

and

irritable

bowel

syndrome

(IBS)

arecommon

gastrointestinal

(GI)

disorders

and

these

patients

frequentlyoverlap.功能性消化不良（FD）和肠易激综合征（IBS）是常见的胃肠道（GI）疾病，并且这两种疾病可经常在同一患者身上诊出。SOURCE:

J

Neurogastroenterol

Motil

2018

Aug;06.

irritable

bowel

syndrome['ɪrɪtəbəl]['baʊəl,

baʊl]['sɪndroʊm]肠易激综合征Functionaldyspepsia(FD)andirritablebowel

syndrome

(IBS)

arecommon

gastrointestinal

(GI)

disorders

and

these

patients

frequentlyoverlap.功能性消化不良（FD）和肠易激综合征（IBS）是常见的胃肠道（GI）疾病，并且这两种疾病可经常在同一患者身上诊出。SOURCE:

J

Neurogastroenterol

Motil

2018

Aug;07.

radical

resection

['rædɪkḷ][rɪ'sekʃn]

根治性切除术Thepatient

underwent

the

Kraske

approachwith

radical

resectionof

the

perirectal

mass.患者接受Kraske手术以根治性切除直肠肿块。SOURCE:

Ann

Surg

Oncol

2018

Sep;25(9):2641.08.

lymph

node

dissection

[dɪ'sɛkʃən]淋巴结清扫Indications,

evolving

technique,

and

early

outcomes

withrobotic

retroperitoneal

lymph

node

dissection.机械式腹膜后淋巴结清扫的适应症、技术改进和早期结果。SOURCE:

CurrOpinUrol

2018Sep;28

(5):461-468.09.

portalhypertension['pɔrtl][haɪpɚ'tɛnʃən]门静脉高压症PTIPS

is

effective

andsafe

forthese

kindof

complicatedportalhypertension.经皮肝穿肝内门体分流术对这类复杂的门静脉高压症有效且安全。

(PTIPS:percutaneous

transhepatic

intrahepatic

portosystemicshunt-经皮肝穿肝内门体分流术).SOURCE:

EurRadiol2018Sep;28

(9):3661-3668.10.portaltriad

[ˈpɔ:rtl][ˈtraɪˌæd]肝门三联征Efficacy

andsafety

of

hepatectomy

performedwithintermittent

portaltriadclamping

with

low

central

venous

pressure.低中心静脉压的情况下，采用间歇性肝门阻断及肝脏切除术时的有效性和安全性。SOURCE:

Biomed

Res

Int

2013

;2013297971.Terminology

Reviewproctology

[prɒk'tɒlədʒɪ]直肠病学intestinal

obstruction

[ɪn'tɛstənəl][əb'strʌkʃən]肠梗阻intestinal

rupture

[ɪn'tɛstənəl]['rʌptʃɚ]肠破裂dysphagia

[dɪs'feɪdʒɪr]吞咽困难functional

dyspepsia['fʌŋkʃənəl][dɪs'pɛpʃə]功能性消化不良Terminology

Reviewirritable

bowel

syndrome['ɪrɪtəbəl]['baʊəl,

baʊl]['sɪndroʊm]肠易激综合征radical

resection

['rædɪkḷ][rɪ'sekʃn]根治性切除术lymph

node

dissection

[dɪ'sɛkʃən]淋巴结清扫portal

hypertension

['pɔrtl][haɪpɚ'tɛnʃən]门静脉高压症10.portal

triad

['pɔ:rtl]['traɪˌæd]肝门三联征消化系统高频词汇 第八课01.portosystemic

shunt[pɔ:toʊsɪs'temɪk][ʃʌnt]门体分流术Motor

Cortex

Mapping

in

Patients

With

HepaticMyelopathy

AfterTransjugular

Intrahepatic

PortosystemicShunt.经颈静脉肝内门体分流术后肝脏脊髓病患者的运动皮层定位。SOURCE:

Acad

Radiol

2018

Aug;02.

standard

Whipple

procedure['stændərd]['wɪpəl][prə'sidʒɚ]胰十二指肠切除术Effects

of

adding

Braunjejunojejunostomyto

standard

Whippleprocedureonreduction

of

afferent

loopsyndrome

-a

randomizedclinical

trial.在胰十二指肠切除术中加入空肠空肠吻合术对减少输入袢综合征的疗效：一项随机临床试验。SOURCE:

Can

J

Surg2015

Dec;58

(6):383-8.03.

pancreatic

fistula

[ˌpæŋkrɪ'ætɪk]['fɪstʃələ]胰瘘A

Predictive

RiskScoring

System

for

ClinicallyRelevantPancreaticFistula

AfterPancreaticoduodenectomy.胰十二指肠切除术后临床相关胰瘘的预测风险评分系统。SOURCE:

Med

Sci

Monit

2018

Aug;24

5719-5728.04.pancreaticojejunostomy[pæŋkrɪætɪkədʒi:dʒu:'nɒstomi]胰肠吻合Laparoscopic

Pancreatoduodenectomy

With

Modified

BlumgartPancreaticojejunostomy.腹腔镜胰十二指肠切除术与改良Blumgart胰肠吻合术。SOURCE:

J

Vis

Exp

2018

06;

(136):05.choledochojejunostomy[koʊldɒkədʒi:dʒu:'nɒstəm]胆肠吻合术choledoch/o(common

bile

duct)Biliary

obstruction

necessitating

choledochojejunostomy

as

acomplication

of

endovascular

coil

erosion.作为血管内线圈侵蚀的并发症,胆道梗阻需要胆总管空肠吻合术来治疗。SOURCE:

Radiol

Case

Rep2018

Feb;13

(1):167-170.06.gastrojejunostomy['gæstroʊdʒɪdʒu:'nɒstəmɪ]胃空肠吻合术The

role

of

prophylactic

gastrojejunostomy

in

patients

withunresectable

periampullary

cancer

is

controversial.预防性胃空肠吻合术在不可切除壶腹周围癌患者中的作用是有争议的。SOURCE:

Cochrane

Database

Syst

Rev.

2013

Feb

28;(2):CD008533.07.anastomotic

leak

['ænəstəmoʊtɪk]

吻合口瘘Analysis

ofEndoscopy

Intervention

in

PostesophagectomyAnastomotic

Leak:

A

Retrospective

Study.食管切除术后吻合口漏的内镜干预分析：一项回顾性研究。SOURCE:

Thorac

Cardiovasc

Surg

2018

Aug;08.local

recurrence

['loʊkl][rɪ'kɜ:rəns]

局部复发To

identify

risk

factors

for

local

recurrence

(LR)

and

investigaterolesof

adjuvant

local

therapy

for

malignant

and

borderline

phyllodestumorsof

the

breast.目的是确定局部复发（LR）的危险因素，并研究辅助局部治疗对乳腺边缘叶状恶性肿瘤的作用。SOURCE:

Breast

Cancer

Res

Treat

2018

Sep;171(2):335-344.09.

pharyngeal

[fə'rɪndʒiəl]咽部pharyng/o(pharynx,

throat)Examplesare

ophthalmoblennorrhea

of

the

newborn,

and

the

primaryrectalor

pharyngealgonorrhea.例如新生儿的脓性眼炎、原发于直肠或咽喉的淋病。来自梁平教授10.

gallb