2024-2025学年新教材高中英语Unit4HistoryandTraditionsReadingandThinking课时素养评价含解析新人教版必修2

PAGEUnit4HistoryandTraditions课时素养评价十Unit4ReadingandThinkingⅠ.单句语法填空1.Itisonlytheachievement(achieve)ofthesegoalsthatwillfinallybringlastingpeace.2.Hisfootprintswereclearlyevident(evidence)intheheavydust.3.Therearelotsofcemeteries(cemetery)outsidethecountry.4.Theyclimbedupwardalongthesteepcliffssurrounding(surround)thevillage.5.Confuciusisagreatphilosopher(philosophy)andeducatorinourcountry.6.Amustisavisittothefascinating(fascinate)MotorMuseum.7.Whenchiefs(chief)ofothertribes(部落)heardaboutthis,theywereallmoved.8.Hisletterposesanumberofpuzzling(puzzle)questions.9.Theimmunesystem(免疫系统)isourmaindefence(defend)againstdisease.10.Ihavetofindaconvenientlocation(locate)fortheshelves.Ⅱ.选词填空battleagainst,keepone’seyesopen,addto,belongto,besurroundedwith,breakawayfrom,jointo,aswellas,indefenceof,resultin1.Keepyoureyesopenforopportunitiestoimproveyourspeakingandwritingskills.

2.Thenaughtyboydoesn’tbelongtotheSmithfamily.

3.Theremoteareawasjoinedtothedevelopedareasbythenewroad.

4.Thelittlewoodenhousewassurroundedwithcolorfulflowersblooming.

5.Thevillagersbuiltastrongdamindefenceoftheirvillageagainsttheflood.

6.Whatcanwedotohelpthemtobreakawayfromthedifficultposition?

7.TheadvancedtechnologyofthegiantHDdisplayTempowilladdtoyourconvenienceduringyourworkoutinagym.

8.Wewonderwhatresultedinthegreatchangeinhischaracter.

9.Thesoldiersbattledagainsttheenemyinspiteofcoldandhunger.

10.Theresultdependsonconditionsaswellashoweventsdeveloped.

Ⅲ.依据汉语提示完成句子1.Studyingphilosophywillopenanotherwindowtoourlives.

探讨哲学将打开我们生活的另一扇窗户。2.ThelatesttechnologyofFacebookmakes3Dphotospossiblewithoutdual-camerainput.

Facebook的最新技术使不用双摄像头的3D照片成为可能。3.Youcanrefertothedictionaryifnecessarywhenyoupreviewthenewwords.

在你预习生词时,必要的话可以查阅词典。4.Thepresidentwillholdameetingtodiscusstheway(that/inwhich)thecountryisdevelopingitseducation.

总统将要实行会议探讨这个国家发展教化的方式。5.Thecompanywillalwayshavetheworkersexaminedinhospitalattheendoftheyear.

这家公司在年末时总是会让工人们去医院检查身体。Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2024·重庆高一检测)TheUniversityofSheffieldBacktoitsoriginTheUniversityofSheffieldisaresearchuniversityinthecityofSheffieldinSouthYorkshire,England.Itisoneoftheoriginal“redbrick”universities,whichareagroupoftopandfamousolduniversities.TheUniversityofSheffieldwasoriginallyformedbythecombinationofthreecolleges.TheSheffieldSchoolofMedicinewasfoundedin1828,followedin1879bytheopeningofFirthCollegebyMarkFirth,asteelmanufacturer(制造商),toteachartsandsciencesubjects.FirthCollegethenhelpedtoprovidemoneyfortheopeningoftheSheffieldTechnicalSchoolin1884toteachappliedscience.In1897thethreeinstitutionswerejoinedtogethertoformtheUniversityCollegeofSheffield,whichinturnbecametheUniversityofSheffieldbyRoyalCharter(特许)in1905.ThisuniversityisfamousforitsgoodeducationandboastsanumberofNobelPrizewinnersamongitsformerstudents.MoreinformationSystem:TheUniversityhasfivedepartments:ArtsandHumanities;Engineering;PureScience;SocialScience;Medicine,DentistryandHealth.TheUniversityofSheffieldalsohasmanyresearchprogramsinfieldsincludingaerospace,environmentalscience,psychology,andbiology.Cityshow:SheffieldisalivelycityinthenorthofEngland.SheffieldisknownasthegreenestcityinEuropebecauseofits2milliontrees.Asaresult,therearemanyparksandwoodsthroughoutthecityandbeyond.SheffieldisthegreenestcityinEnglandwith150woodlandsand50publicparkswithinthecity.Once,inSheffield,thefolkhero—RobinHoodlivedinSherwoodForestwith150ofhisloyalfriends.AndCharlotteBronte,theEnglishwriternotedforhernovelJaneEyrewasborninSheffield.【文章大意】本文介绍了谢菲尔德高校的发展历史和该高校的学院设置并对谢菲尔德这座城市进行了介绍。1.FromthefirstparagraphwhatcanweconcludeabouttheUniversityofSheffield?A.Ithasagoodfameformanygreatgraduates.B.Ithasalonghistoryofmorethan180years.C.Itisn’tonememberof“redbrick”universities.D.Itisonlyfamousforsciencesubjects.【解析】选A。细微环节理解题。依据第一段最终一句可知,这所高校因出了许多优秀毕业生而出名。故选A。2.Sheffieldisinthe______ofEngland.

A.eastB.westC.southD.north【解析】选D。细微环节理解题。依据最终一段第一句“SheffieldisalivelycityinthenorthofEngland.”可知,该城市位于英格兰的北部。故选D。3.Whatcanweinferfromthetext?A.Sheffieldhasverybeautifulscenery.B.CharlotteBronteisnotanEnglishwriter.C.SheffieldisthebiggestcityofEngland.D.RobinHoodisacharacterinJaneEyre.【解析】选A。推理推断题。依据最终一段中“SheffieldisknownasthegreenestcityinEuropebecauseofits2milliontrees.Asaresult,there...withinthecity.”的关键信息“thegreenestcityinEurope”“thegreenestcityinEngland”可以推断出Sheffield有美丽的风景。故选A。B(2024·郑州高一检测)Idon’tthinkIcanrecallatimewhenIwasn’tawareofthebeautyoftheocean.GrowingupinAustralia,Ihadthegoodfortuneofhavingtheseaatmyside.ThefirsttimeIwenttoHalfmoonBay,Isuddenlyhadthefeelingofnotbeingabletofeelthegroundwithmyfeetanymore.

Formy10thbirthday,mysisterandIweretakenouttotheGreatBarrierReef(大堡礁).Therewerefishindifferentcolors,cavesandlayersofcoral(珊瑚).Theymadesuchanimpressiononme.WhenIlearnedthatonly1percentofAustralia’sCoralSeawasprotected,Iwasshocked.Australianmarine(海洋的)lifeisparticularlyimportantbecausethereefshavemoremarinespeciesthananyothercountryonearth.Butsadly,only45%oftheworld’sreefsareconsideredhealthy.Ifwecontinueddealingwiththeoceanaswearedoing,therewouldcertainlybemoreandmoremarinedisastershappeningbeforeoureyes,causingnotonlydeathsoflargequantitiesofmarinelifebutalsodamagetohealthoftheearth,ouronlyhome.Thesituationofoceanprotectionagainstdisastersisserious,soit’simportantforustodoeverythingtoprotectthem.ThehopethattheCoralSearemainsacompleteeco-system(生态系统)hasledmetotakeaction.I’vebecomeinvolvedwiththeProtectOurCoralSeaactivity,whichaimstocreatethelargestmarineparkintheworld.Itwouldserveasaplacewheretheocean’sspecieswillallhaveasafeplaceforever.Together,AngusandIcreatedalittlevideoandwehopeitwillinspirepeopletobeapartofthemovement.Angusalsosharesmanybeautifulchildhoodmemoriesoftheoceanasayoungboy,whogrewupsailing,admiringthebeautyoftheocean,andtryingtofindthesecretsofoceanspecies.【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章向我们介绍了澳大利亚的海洋生物面临的危机以及作者为此所做的一些努力。4.FromtheunderlinedsentenceinParagraph1,wecanlearntheauthor______.

A.seldomwentsurfingattheseaB.forgothisexperiencesabouttheoceanC.neverwentbacktohishometownD.hadawonderfulimpressionofHalfmoonBay【解析】选D。推理推断题。依据第一段第一、二句可知,作者认为大海很美,自己很幸运能常常看到海,故画线句应是对半月湾的赞美。D项符合文意。5.Accordingtothesecondparagraph,Australianmarinelife______.

A.isescapingfromtheCoralSeagraduallyB.dependsonreefsforlivinggreatlyC.maybefacedwithdangerD.isprotectedbetterthanthatinotheroceans【解析】选C。推理推断题。依据其次段最终两句可推知,澳大利亚的海洋生物可能面临危急。故选C项。6.TheProtectOurCoralSeaactivityisintendedto______.

A.contributetoacompleteeco-systemB.preventmoremarinespeciesfrombeingendangeredC.setupalargenaturereserveforreefsD.raisemoreteenagers’environmentalawareness【解析】选B。推理推断题。依据第三段最终一句可推知,这项活动的目的是创建一个为海洋生物供应永久平安的地方,阻挡更多的海洋物种灭亡。故选B项。7.Angusandtheauthorcreatedalittlevideoto______.

A.encouragemorepeopletotakeactiontoprotectthemarinespeciesB.inspiremorepeopletoexplorethesecretoftheoceanC.sharetheirchildhoodexperiencesabouttheoceanD.bringbacktopeopletheirmemoryofoceanspecies【解析】选A。细微环节理解题。依据最终一段第一句可知,拍摄小视频是为了激励人们去实行行动爱护海洋生物。故选A项。【阅读多维训练】1.句式仿写(1)GrowingupinAustralia,Ihadthegoodfortuneofhavingtheseaatmyside.仿写:Workingintheofficeallday,Timwouldliketohavearelaxingwalkintheparkafterwork.

在办公室工作了一成天,蒂姆下班后想到公园放松地散漫步。(2)ThehopethattheCoralSearemainsacompleteeco-systemhasledmetotakeaction.仿写:Weareexcitedtohearthenewsthatthescientistshavemadeagreatbreakthroughintheresearch.

听到科学家们在这项探讨上已取得重大突破的消息,我们都很兴奋。(3)Itwouldserveasaplacewheretheocean’sspecieswillallhaveasafeplaceforever.仿写:Wewanttofindaplacewherewecanreadbooksquietly.

我们想找一个我们可以宁静地读书的地方。2.长难句分析Ifwecontinueddealingwiththeoceanaswearedoing,therewouldcertainlybemoreandmoremarinedisastershappeningbeforeoureyes,causingnotonlydeathsoflargequantitiesofmarinelifebutalsodamagetohealthoftheearth,ouronlyhome.译文:假如我们接着像现在这样对待海洋,确定会有越来越多的海洋灾难在我们眼前发生,不仅仅导致大量的海洋生物死亡而且损害我们唯一的家园地球的健康。分析:Ifwecontinueddealingwiththeoceanaswearedoing为条件状语从句,其中aswearedoing为wecontinueddealingwiththeocean的方式状语从句;主句中的happeningbeforeoureyes为marinedisasters的定语,表示主动关系;causingnotonlydeathsoflargequantitiesofmarinelifebutalsodamagetohealthoftheearth,ouronlyhome为现在分词结构作结果状语;notonly...butalso...连接并列结构作cause的宾语,其中ouronlyhome为theearth的同位语。

Ⅱ.阅读填句(2024·合肥高一检测)依据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Anewstudysuggeststhatthetimingofawoundaffectsthespeedatwhichitheals(痊愈).Woundssufferedduringthedayhealaround60percentfasterthanthoseatnight.Thestudyshowedhowthebodiescircadianrhythm(昼夜节律)controlledthehealingofwounds.1Ittellsourbodieswhentowakeup,eatandsleepinacycle—aseriesofactivitiesthatrepeatthemselvesdayafterday.2

Inthestudy,researchersfoundthatskincellsmovedfastertorepairwoundssufferedduringtheday.TheirfindingswerepublishedintheJournalScienceTranslationalMedicine.Theresearchersexaminedcells,mice,andburninjurydatabases.3

Nighttimeburns—burnssufferedbetween8o’clockatnightand8o’clockthenextmorningwere95percenthealedafteranaverageof28days.Butafteranaverageof17days,daytimeburns-burnssufferedbetween8o’clockinthemorningand8atnightwere95percenthealed.4

Woundsareverycostlytotreat.5InBritain’sNationalHealthServices,forexample,suchservicescostaround$6.56billionperyear.Expertssaythehighcostsresult,inpart,fromalackofdrugsthatspeeduptheclosureofwounds.

A.Eachcyclelastsabout24hours.B.Thecircadianrhythmislikeaclockortimer.C.Specifically,theirinvestigationfoundthefollowinginformation:D.Thenewstudy’sfindingscouldhelpscientistsdevelopdrugsbetter.E.Inotherwords,nighttimeinjuriestookanaverageof11dayslongertoheal95percent.F.Worldwide,billionsofdollarsarespenteveryyearonwound-treatmentservices.G.That’swhatagroupofresearchersfromauniversityinCanadarecentlypublished.【文章大意】本文介绍了一项科学探讨,探讨表明在白天受的伤比在夜晚受的伤愈合得更快。1.【解析】选B。依据空后信息可知,此处作者强调昼夜节律有很强的周期性,B项连接前句,表明昼夜节律像时钟或者计时器一样,符合语境。2.【解析】选A。依据空前句中的“acycle—aseriesofactivitiesthatrepeatthemsevlesdayafterday”可知此周期每天循环,由此可推断周期时长为24小时,故选A。3.【解析】选C。空前提到探讨人员探讨分析了烧伤数据库,空后谈到调查探讨结果,由此推断C项符合语境。4.【解析】选E。由上文信息可知,夜晚受的烧伤修复95%须要28天的周期,而白天受的烧伤修复95%只须要17天。因此可以推断,夜晚修复95%的平均周期比白天长11天,故E项符合语境。5.【解析】选F。依据空前句可知,创伤治疗费用高,后文举例“suchservicescostaround$6.56billion”说明治疗费用很高,因此F项符合语境。Ⅲ.完形填空Yearsago,whenIwasworkingaspsychologistatachildren’sinstitutioninEngland,aboyshowedupinthewaitingroom.ItwasDavid.David’sfacewaspale,andhestaredathisfeet1.HehadlosthisfatherasababyandwhenDavidturned13,hismotherwaskilledinacaraccident.Hewasverydepressed,2totalktoothers.

Thefirsttwotimeswemet,Daviddidn’tsayaword.Ashewasabouttoleaveafterthesecondvisit,Iputmyhandonhisshoulder.Hedidn’tshrinkback,3hedidn’tlookatmeeither.

“Comebacknextweek,”I4abit.ThenIsaid,“Iknowithurts.”

Hecame,andI5weplayagameofchess.Henodded.AfterthatweplayedchesseveryWednesdayafternoonincomplete6andwithoutmakinganyeye7.It’snoteasytocheatinchess,butIadmitthatImadesureDavid8onceortwice.

Itseemedasifheenjoyedmy9,thoughheneverlookedatme.Perhapshe10thatIrespectedhissuffering.Untilsomemonthslater,suddenly,helookedupatme,“It’syour11,”hesaid.Afterthatday,Davidstarted12.Sincethenhereallystartedtolivehisownlife.

MaybeIgaveDavid13.AndDavidshowedmehowone—withoutanywords—can14outtoanotherperson.Allittakesisahug,a15tocryon,afriendlytouch,asympatheticnatureandanearthatlistens.

【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。讲解并描述的是作者帮助失去父母的戴维开启了新的生活,作者也从这次经验中学到了许多。1.A.happilyB.friendlyC.nervously D.excitedly【解析】选C。考查词义辨析。句意:他脸色苍白,惊慌地盯着自己的双脚。happily兴奋地;friendly友好的;nervously惊慌地;excitedly兴奋地。依据前文David’sfacewaspale,可知戴维脸色苍白,这说明他很惊慌,故选C项。2.A.willingB.waitingC.refusingD.longing【解析】选C。考查动词词义辨析。句意:他心情低落,拒绝跟他人讲话。will情愿,希望,想要;wait等待;refuse拒绝;long渴望。依据后文Thefirsttwotimeswemet,Daviddidn’tsayaword.可知头两次见面时戴维一句话也没说,这说明他拒绝说话,故选C项。3.A.but B.becauseC.or D.unless【解析】选A。考查连词词义辨析。依据前文Hedidn’tshrinkback可知戴维没有退缩着躲开,依据后文hedidn’tlookatmeeither他也没有看我,前后文为转折关系,故选A项。4.A.hesitated B.cheeredC.relaxed D.regretted【解析】选A。考查动词词义辨析。hesitated迟疑;cheered欢呼;relaxed放松;regretted懊悔。依据后文ThenIsaid,“Iknowithurts.”可知我对戴维说“这令人难受”,结合前文可知戴维失去了父母,不情愿说话,我这么说可能会触及他的难受处,所以迟疑了一下。故选A项。5.A.announced B.expectedC.suggested D.ordered【解析】选C。考查动词词义辨析。句意:他的确来了,我提议我们下国际象棋。announced宣布;expected期盼,期望;suggested建议,提议;ordered吩咐。依据后文Henodded可知戴维点头同意,说明下国际象棋是我提出来的建议,戴维点头是同意了“我”的建议,故选C项。6.A.equal B.silenceC.liberty D.independence【解析】选B。考查副词和名词词义辨析。equal同样;同等;silence缄默;liberty自由;independence独立。依据后文可知戴维在几个月之后才开口说话,这说明在这之前他都没和我说话,我们是在缄默中下国际象棋的,故选B项。7.A.ex