八年级英语下册语法填空知识点总结及经典习题(含答案)经典1

八年级英语下册语法填空知识点总结及经典习题(含答案)经典1一、八年级英语下册语法填空专项练习（含答案解析）1．用所给单词的适当形式填空，未提供单词的限填一词，将答案写在答题卷上。（共10小题，每小题1分）

OnFriday15June,thestudentsfromFutianJuniorHighSchoolwenttoShenzhenNursingHometoput________aconcertafterschool.FutianNursingHomeisahomeforoldpeoplewhoneedto________（take）careof.TheconcertincludedpopularsongslikeYouAreMySunshineandOvertheRainbow.

MissXu,________musicteacher,saidtheconcertwentverywell."Wehavepreparedforitallthisterm,andthestudentssang________（beautiful）.Mrs.Wang,whohadlivedinthenursinghomefor11years,saidtheconcertmadeagood________（impress）onher."Ioftenlistentomusicontheradio,butitwasveryspecialtohavethese________（teenage）comeandsingforus."

From3p.m.to4p.m,thestudents________（stay）atthenursinghomeforafternoontea.MikeLee,aGrade8student,said,"Wewere________（please）tomeettheoldpeople.Theytolduswhatlifewaslike________theywereyoung.Itisgoodforus________（communicate）witheachother."【答案】A；A；A；A；A；A；A；A；A；A【解析】【分析】大意：六月15日，星期五，来自福田高中的学生放学后去深圳养老院举行音乐会。学生们唱得很动听，给老人们留下了深刻的印象。（1）句意：六月15日，星期五，来自福田高中的学生放学后去深圳养老院举行音乐会。此处表示举行音乐会，用puton，上演，动词短语，故填on。（2）句意：福田养老院是提供给需要照顾的老人的地方。关系代词who和takecarefor直接是被动关系，用动词不定式的被动语态关系，且结构为tobe+过去分词，take的过去分词是taken，故填betaken。（3）句意：徐小姐，音乐老师，说音乐会进行得很成功。此处表泛指一位音乐老师，且music以辅音音素开头，其前加a，故填a。（4）句意：我们准备了一整学期，学生唱得很动听。副词修饰动词，修饰sang，用副词，beautiful，美丽的，其副词是是beautifully，令人满意地，美妙地，故填beautifully。（5）句意：生活在养老院11年的王夫人说这次音乐会对她留下了很深的印象。good后接名词，impress印象，动词，其名词是impression，可数名词，根据a，可知用其单数形式，故填impression。（6）句意：我经常通过广播听音乐，但是有这些青少年来给我们唱歌正是非常特殊的。these后接名词复数，teenage青少年的，其名词为teenager，青少年，可数名词，此处用其复数形式，故填teenagers。（7）句意：这些学生呆在养老院喝茶从下午3点到4点。描述过去发生的动作，用一般过去时，stay，呆，动词，其过去式是stayed，故填stayed。（8）句意：李麦克，一位八年级的学生说，“我们见到这些老人很高兴。他们告诉我们他们年轻时的生活是什么样子的。对于我们而言，相互交流很好。were后接形容词，构成系表结构，please使高兴，其形容词是pleased，高兴的，故填pleased。（9）句意：李麦克，一位八年级的学生说，“我们见到这些老人很高兴。他们告诉我们他们年轻时的生活是什么样子的。对于我们而言，相互交流很好。”挖空前后是以一个主从复合句，空后是一个时间状语从句，引导连词，用when，当……时候，故填when。（10）句意：李麦克，一位八年级的学生说，“我们见到这些老人很高兴。他们告诉我们他们年轻时的生活是什么样子的。对于我们而言，相互交流很好。”communicate交流，动词，itis+形容词+forsb+todosth，做某事对于某人而言是……的，故填tocommunicate。【点评】考查语法填空。首先理解文章大意，答题的过程中，注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素，最后得出确的答案。2．阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个恰当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空（最多限填3个单词）。

Doyouknowa24-year-oldbusdriver,WangPing?Heismyuncle,andheismyidol（偶像）.Hehasalotofhobbies.Helikessportsverymuch.Weoftenplaybasketballandfootballtogether.Hetellsmethe

________

（good）waytorelaxis

________

exercise.Itishealthyforthemindandthebody.Healsolikesreading.Hethinksreadingis

________

（education）.Hesays,"Youcanalwayskeepyourselfhappy

________

youlikereading."Underhisinfluence,nowI'malsointerestedinreadingbooks.

Myuncleisakind-heartedman.Heoftenhelpspeoplewhoarein

________

（trouble）.Nowheisverypopularinourcity.Lastweekhesawanoldman

________

（lie）onthesideoftheroadwhilehewasdrivingabus.Whenhesawthis,hestoppedthebuswithout

________

（think）twice.Thenhegotoffandaskedtheoldmanwhathappened.Whenheknewtheoldmanwas

________

（bad）ill,heaskedallofthepassengerstogetoffandwaitforthenextbus.Butto

________

（he）surprise,theyallagreedtogowithhim.

Thanks

________

myuncleandthepassengers,theoldmanwassavedbythedoctorsintime.Howhappymyunclewas!Myuncleissuchamanwhooftendoesn'tthinkabouthimself.Heonlythinksaboutothers.【答案】best；through/to；educational；if/when；trouble；lying；thinking；badly；his；to【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章讲述了作者的叔叔在开车的时候救助一位生病老人的故事。（1）句意：他告诉我最好的放松方式是锻炼。根据定冠词the可知应使用good的最高级，good的最高级是best，故答案是best。（2）句意：他告诉我最好的放松方式是锻炼。is之后的是表语，如果exercise作动词用，可以使用动词不定式，如果作名词用则需要加介词，可以理解为“通过锻炼”，应使用through，故答案是to/through。（3）句意：他认为阅读是有教育意义的。education不能直接作表语，意思讲不同，改为educational形容词就讲得通，故答案是educational。（4）句意：如果你喜欢阅读/当你喜欢上阅读，你总是能够使自己开心。根据两个句子之间的关系，既可以是一个条件，也可以是一个时间，因此可以用if连接成条件状语从句，也可以用when连接成时间状语从句，故答案是if/when。（5）句意：他经常帮助那些处于困境中的人。introuble有麻烦，处于困境，固定搭配，故答案是trouble。（6）句意：上周，当他开车的时候，发现一个老人躺在路边。seesb.doingsth看到某人正在做某事，固定搭配，应使用现在分词，lie的现在分词是lying，故答案是lying。（7）句意：当他看到的时候，毫不犹豫，就停下了车，without介词，介词之后的动词使用ing形式thinking，故答案是thinking。（8）句意：当他知道这个老人病得厉害的时候，他让所有的乘客下车等下一趟车。ill形容词，bad在这里修饰ill，应使用副词badly，故答案是badly。（9）句意：但是，让他吃惊的是，他们都同意跟他一起去。toone'ssurprise固定搭配，让某人吃惊的是，应使用形容词性物主代词his，故答案是his。（10）句意：多亏了我的叔叔和乘客，这位老人被医生及时救了。thanksto固定搭配，多亏……，故答案是to。【点评】考查单词在语境中的具体运用，先跳过空格阅读全文，理解文章大意，然后根据语法、句法、语境和固定搭配等完成答案，再读全文，检查并订正答案。3．根据短文内容，用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空

DavidisfromAmerica.Heandhisfamily________（have）differentplansforthecomingholiday.DavidlikesChinaverymuchandhe________

（go）toBeijinglastyear.ButhewantstoknowmoreaboutChineseculturesohe________

（visit）Beijingagain.ThistimeheisgoingtothePalaceMuseum.There________

（be）manyinterestingthingsaboutChineseculturethere.He________

（want）totakelotsofphotosofthethingsinthePalaceMuseum.He________

（show）themtohisfriends.David'sfather________

（read）manybooksaboutJapanesehistorythreemonthsago.HethoughtsomethingsinJapanwereinteresting.He________

（take）atriptoJapan.David'smotherdidn'tknowwheretogoatfirst.Atlastshe________

（decide）togotoSingapore.Shelikestheclimate（气候）there.WhataboutDavid'ssister?She________

（stay）athomeanddoherhomework.4．词汇运用,根据所给的汉语注释，写出空缺处各单词的正确形式。每个空格限填一词。

Mozartwasa________

（作曲家）.Hewroteclassicalmusicandoperas.________（他的）musicisdifficulttoplayandsing.Musiciansandsingers________（训练）foralongtimebeforetheycanplayandsingMozart'smusic,________（但是）popandrockmusiciansdon'ttrainmuch.Theirmostpopularinstrumentistheguitar.InAmerica,blackmusiciansoftensing________（悲伤的）songs.Theycallthismusictheblues.Another________（种类）ofmodernmusic________（来自）Americaisjazz.Thismusicoften________（使用）trumpetsandotherloudinstruments.Weuse________（钢琴）andviolintoplay________（所有的）typesofmusic.5．根据短文内容及括号内所给单词的提示填空

HiKaren,

InthemorningIwentshoppingwithMorn.FirstIboughtsomefruit.Iboughtsome________（watermelon）,bananasandoranges.ThenIboughtsomevegetables.I.boughtsomeonions,carrots,potatoesand________

（lettuce）.Ialsoboughtalotofbread________

（piece）.Iboughtmuch________

（cheese）andyogurtaswell.Iboughtmanyhamburgersand________

（sandwich）,too.WhydidIbuysomuchfood?Oh,someofthemareformybrotherTed'sbirthdayparty.Thepartyisat6:00p.m.tomorrow.Ifyou________

（be）free,cometotheparty.Iwouldbegladifyou________（join）us.Well,thisafternoonmycousinEmmamight________

（visit）me,butI'mnotsure.Ifshecomes,I________

（call）you.Thenwecanflykitestogetherinthepark.Please________（wait）formyphonecall.Susan6．【答案】helped；house；up；useful；sitting；had；my；shouting；loudly；got/became/was【解析】【分析】文章大意：这是一则寓言故事，主人家的一头驴很羡慕小狗因为它始终得不到主人的宠爱，驴认为，如果它按照狗的做法去做，主人也会把它当作宠物。事实上，它的做法令主人很害怕，大喊救命。被人用棍子赶出家门。这个故事告诉我们：做任何事情都要各司其职，不要做与自己无关的事情。（1）考查一般过去时。句意：驴和狗都在许多方面帮助主人。根据本文是一则故事，要用一般过去时。动词help过去式helped。故答案为：helped。（2）考查名词。句意：一天晚上，两个小偷闯进了农夫的房子。根据下文Onenight,thethievesagainenteredthefarmer'shouse.

可知上文也是进入农夫的房子里。故答案为：house。（3）考查固定短语。句意：农夫站起来，邻居们也站起来。根据下文Sotheycaughtthetwothieves.可知他们都起来，才能抓住那两个贼。getup起床，固定短语。故答案为：up。（4）考查形容词。句意：从那天起，驴子决定向主人表明，他也可以像狗一样有用。空格前有连系动词be，要用形容词作表语。use使用，动词或名词用处。形容词useful。答案为：useful。（5）考查固定搭配。句意：当小偷往里看时，他们看见狗正坐在正门外面。seesb.doingsth.看见某人正在做某事；seesb.dosth.看见某人做了某事。根据上文Asthethieveslookedin,

可知look与see动作是同时发生的，要用现在分词seeing做宾补。故答案为：sitting。（6）考查固定搭配。句意：我们最好马上走。hadbetterdosth.最好做某事。固定搭配。故答案为：had。（7）考查代词。句意：这是让我向我的主人展示我是有用的一个机会。根据

"Itisagoodchanceformetoshow7masterthatIcanbeuseful.Thethieveshaverunaway.IfIstart8（shout）,themasterwillthankme."可知是驴自我思考的过程，是以第一人称叙述的。空格后有名词master，要用形容词性物主代词my。故答案为：my。（8）考查固定搭配。句意：如果我开始叫喊，主人会感谢我的。startdoingsth.开始做某事。固定搭配。故答案为：shouting。（9）考查副词。句意：于是驴子开始大声撕叫。修饰动词bray，要用副词。loud的副词loudly。故答案为：loudly。（10）考查一般过去时。句意：农夫听到驴子的撕叫声，十分生气。angry生气，形容词，要用连系动词get/become/be，且要用一般过去时，主语是he，be要用was；get的过去式got；become的过去式became。故答案为：got/became/was。【点评】考查语法填空。主要涉及的名词、一般过去时、固定搭配、代词、副词和形容词。7．【答案】written；since；them；in；friendly；songs；an；saw；photos；know【解析】【分析】文章大意：这是一封书信，介绍自己在外国学习的情况，其中包括结交了一些不同国籍的朋友，寄宿家庭的情况。（1）句意：我到现在才写。write，书写；因前面haven't，其后要用过去分词形式，故填written。（2）句意：当我来到这里的时候一直忙于课程和交新朋友。根据上文的tillnow，可知已经来了很久了，因此一直在交朋友，根据havedone，可知是过去完成时，因此连词用since，自从……，故填since。（3）句意：我一直和同学们讲英语，晚上和他们一起出去。they，他们；因前面有介词with，要用宾格形式，故填them。（4）句意：我们用英语谈论各种事情，我也学到了很多其他语言和国家的知识。固定短语inEnglish，用英语，故填in。（5）句意：父母很友善。friend，朋友；由kind可知此句需要形容词，表示有好的，故填friendly。（6）句意：我现在对所有的歌曲都心中有数了！song，歌曲，可数名词。由句中的all可知此句要用复数形式，故填songs。（7）句意：有一座古堡，我们下周要去那里。ancient，古老的，第一个音素是元音音素，故填an。（8）句意：我们看到一个魔术师在玩纸牌游戏，真是太有趣了！see，动词，看到；根据语句itwassomuchfun!可知此句要用一般过去时，故填saw。（9）句意：下次我会给你寄一些爱丁堡城堡的照片。photo，照片，可数名词；由some提示可知此句要用复数形式，故填photos。（10）句意：保重，让我知道你在做什么。固定结构letsbdosth，让某人做某事；故填know。【点评】考查语法填空。通读全文理解大意，然后根据上下文或者所给单词的提示对所缺部分进行逐一解答。8．【答案】of；stayed；a；got；finished；So；with；reading；went；enjoys【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章介绍了埃文斯女士在中国的工作和生活情况。（1）句意：埃文斯女士来自芝加哥市。thecityof…固定搭配，……市，故答案是of。（2）句意：她在中国待了一年，本句为现在完成时，因此谓语动词使用过去分词stayed，故答案是stayed。（3）句意：她一周工作五天。一周五天，fiveadysaweek，固定搭配，故答案是a。（4）句意：每天，她早早起床。本文描述的是埃文斯在中国工作时的情况，因此使用一般过去时，get的过去式是got，故答案是got。（5）句意：大约五点，她完成工作。结合前文可知，本句依然是一般过去时，finish的过去式是finished，故答案是finished。（6）句意：于是，晚饭后她帮助他做作业。根据HersonwasnewinBeijing.可知，他儿子需要帮助，因此她就帮着做作业了，故答案是So。（7）句意：于是，晚饭后她帮助他做作业。helpsbwithsth.帮着做某事，故答案是with。（8）句意：之后，她喜欢读书上网。likedoingsth.喜欢做某事，固定短语，故答案是reading。（9）句意：她睡觉晚。gotobed睡觉，结合语境可知句子应为一般过去时，go的过去式是went，故答案是went。（10）句意：但是她说他喜欢在这里工作，因为中国人很友好。本句说的的是现在的情况，应使用一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数，谓语动词使用单三形式，故答案是enjoys。【点评】考查词汇在语篇中的运用能力，答题时首先要跳过空格掌握其大意，然后根据文章，字斟句酌逐一作答，主意考虑句型，语法，搭配、语境等因素，最后通读一遍检查验证。二、八年级英语下册阅读理解专项练习（含答案解析）9．根据短文内容，判断句子的正误。

Adentist（牙医）wasstartinghisinworkinthemorning.Suddenlyamanranin.Hisfacewasredandhecouldonlysay"Quick!Quick!"Thedentistthoughthemustbeverysick.Hisassistant（助手）helpedtomakemansitinachair.Thedentistgavethemansomemedicinetomakehimsleep.Then,helookedintotheman'smouthandpulledoutallthebadteeth.Whenthemanwokeup,hesaidinalowvoice,"Quick,doctor,quick."

"It'sallrightnow,"thedentisttoldhim."It'sover."

"Youdon'tunderstand,"saidtheman,"Icametotellyouthatyourhouseisonfire."（1）Thedentistwasstartinghisworkinthemorning.（2）Suddenlyawomanranintothedentist'soffice.（3）Thedentistthoughtthemanmustbeverysick.（4）Thedentist'sassistanthelpedtomakethemansitonatable.（5）Theassistantpulledoutalltheman'sbadteeth.【答案】（1）1（2）0（3）1（4）1（5）0【解析】【分析】短文大意：文章讲的一个男的找牙医，那男人只是重复快，快，牙医以为是他很痛要拔牙，把他嘴里的坏牙都拔掉了，结果是度医家着火了的故事。（1）细节理解题。根据Adentist（牙医）wasstartinghisinworkinthemorning.

可知牙医在早上开始工作，故答案为：正确。（2）细节理解题。根据Suddenlyamanranin.

可知一个男人跑进来，而不是女人。故答案为：错误。​​​​​​​（3）细节理解题。根据Thedentistthoughthemustbeverysick.牙医认为这个人一定病得很重。可知叙述正确，故答案为：正确。​​​​​​​（4）细节理解题。根据Hisassistant（助手）helpedtomakemansitinachair.

可知助手帮助这个人坐下来，可知和短文叙述是一致的。故答案为：正确。​​​​​​​（5）细节理解题。根据Thedentistgavethemansomemedicinetomakehimsleep.Then,helookedintotheman'smouthandpulledoutallthebadteeth.

牙医给了这个人一些药让他睡了。然后他检查了这个人的嘴把所有的坏牙都拔掉了。可知不是助手拔的。故答案为：错误。【点评】此题考查阅读理解。这篇短文内容简单，容易理解。先分析问题，然后阅读短文，看题中的叙述是否和短文的内容一致，然后确定问题的正误。10．阅读理解

Intheuniverse,asweknow,thereisthesun,themoon,theearthandagoodmanystars.Throughourgeographylessons,weknowtheearthgoesroundthesun,andthemoongoesroundtheearth.Wehavedayandnightbecausetheearthkeepsturningallthetime.Whenourpartoftheearthturnstothesun,itisday.Whenourpartoftheearthturnsawayfromthesun,itisnight.

Justbecausethemoonisclosertotheearththanthesun,itlooksmuchbiggerthanthesun.Bigthingswilllooksmallerwhentheyarefarther,andsmallthingsalsolookbiggerwhentheyarenearer.

Thesunisbrightenoughtogiveoutverystronglight.Themooncan'tgiveanylightatall,butitlooksquitebright,too.Why?Infact,thelightfromthemooncomesfromthesun.Themoonlooksmuchbiggerandbrighterthanthestars.Butactually（事实上）thestarsaremuchbiggerandbrighterthanthemoon.Theylooksmallerthanthemoonalsobecausetheyarefartherawayfromtheearth.

Therearestillmanyotherplanetsintheuniverse.

Butofalltheseplanets,onlyontheearththerearelivingthingsandpeoplecanonlyliveontheearth,too.Butat9：00amonOctober15th,2003,ChinesepilotYangLiweiwassentuptospace.Hestayedtherefor21hours.ItwasthefirsttimeforChinesetogetintospace.（1）Whenourpartoftheearthturnsawayfromthesun,theotherpartoftheearthis

.A.

night

B.

day

C.

evening

D.

Sunday（2）Whendidthepilotfromourcountryreturntotheearth?A.

OnNovember15th,2002.

B.

OnOctober16th,2003.C.

OnMay15th,2004.

D.

OnOctober15th,2003.（3）WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.

Themoongoesroundtheearth,anditcan'tgiveoutanylightatall.B.

Themoongoesroundthesun,anditslightisfromthesun.C.

Theearthmovesroundthemoon,andpeoplecanliveonlyontheearth.D.

Ofalltheplanets,onlytheearthmovesroundthesun.【答案】（1）B（2）B（3）A【解析】【分析】短文大意：此篇文章介绍的是太空中，宇宙意味着地球，太阳，月亮和星星及其它们之间的空间。以及之间的关联。（1）细节理解题。根据Whenourpartoftheearthturnstothesun,itisday.Whenourpartoftheearthturnsawayfromthesun,itisnight.

当地球上我们的部分转向太阳时，是白天。当地球上我们的部分转离太阳时，是晚上，可知地球的另一面是白天。故选B。（2）细节理解题。根据

Butat9：00amonOctober15th,2003,ChinesepilotYangLiweiwassentuptospace.Hestayedtherefor21hours.

但是在003年10月15日上午九点钟，中国飞行员杨利伟被发射到太空。在那里呆了21个小时。可知他是2003年10月16日离开的。故选B。

（3）推理判断题。根据Throughourgeographylessons,weknowtheearthgoesroundthesun,andthemoongoesroundtheearth.Themooncan'tgiveanylightatall,butitlooksquitebright,too.

可知月亮绕着地球转。月亮本身不发光。故选A。

【点评】此题考查阅读理解。此题涉及细节理解和推理判断题。对于细节理解题。我们先分析问题，弄清题意。然后仔细阅读短文，从短文的细节中找到和问题相关的语句，确定问题答案。对于推理判断题，我们在理解问题后仔细阅读短文，从短文的细节中推理判断问题的正误。11．阅读理解

Ididnothavearichfather.Itried3timesforuniversity,butallfailed.Iapplied（申请）forHarvardfor10times,butallfailed.Theydidn'tevenwanttoseeme.Forthelasttime,Iwenttotheteachers'collegewhichwasregardedasthethirdclassofmycity.Iappliedjobsfor30times

AlotofpeoplesaidAlibabawasaterriblemodel.AsIsaid,"Ibelieveit.Ithinkthisthingcouldbebig.Ineverthoughtitwouldbesobigliketoday."Ibelievethatsomething,somethingiswaitingformethere,andIhavetoworkhardtoprovemyself.Thatwasthetoughexperience.Sowegathered50thousandUSdollarsfrom18founders.Littlebylittle,webuiltupourbusiness.Andnow,after16years,wehaveaAlibabagroup;WehaveaT-mallgroup;WehaveaTaobaogroup;WehaveAlipay.

"Youaresosmart,howcouldyoumakeacompanylikethat?Peopleasked.BillGates,WarrenBuffet,theJackWelch,LarryPage,MarkZuckerberg,thedifferencebetweenthosepeopleandotherpeople,theyarealwaysoptimistic（乐观的）forthefuture.Theynevercomplain.Theyalwaystrytosolvetheproblemsoftheothers.Whenyouareoptimistic,it'salwaysanopportunity（机会）."Jack,Where'stheopportunity?Idon'thaveajob.Idon'thavethis.Idon'thavethat."Weareatthebestoftimeofthiscentury.Thebestasset（财产）youhaveisthatyouareyoung.Don'tcomplain.Lettheotherpeoplecomplain.Theopportunitylies,alwayslieswherepeoplecomplain.Isawalotofpeople,especiallyyoungpeoplehavefantasticideaseveryevening.Butthenextmorning,theygototheofficeontimeagain.

Tomorrowisnew.Makethemove.Makeaction.Whetherinvestors（投资者）believethisornot,whetheryourfriendsbelieveitornot,whetheryourparentsbelieveitornot,that'snotimportant.Youbelieveit.Yourteambelieveitandworkdayandnightonthis.Everythinghappens.Makeenoughmistakes.Youfall,andyoustandup.Anymistakeisanincomeandawonderfulrevenue（收益）.Don'tworryaboutthemoney.Moneyfollowsthepeople.Youngpeopleshouldfollowthedreams.Ifyouhaveadream,justtogoahead.（1）Howmanysuccessfulpeopledidthewritertalkaboutfromthearticle?A.

4

B.

5

C.

6

D.

7（2）Theunderlinedword"tough"inthesecondparagraphmainlymeans_______inEnglish.A.

difficult

B.

easy

C.

different

D.

same（3）Accordingtothearticle,whichofthefollowingstatementsisWrong?A.

Thewriterwenttothethird-classteachers'collegeatlastB.

ThesuccessfulpeoplearealwaysoptimisticforthefutureC.

TheopportunityalwayslieswherepeoplecomplainD.

Don'tmakeanymistakes（4）Whatgoodadvicedidthewritergivetheyoungpeople?A.

Believeyourparents

B.

BelievemoneyC.

Followyourdreamsandgoahead

D.

Gototheofficeontimeeveryday【答案】（1）B（2）A（3）D（4）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，作者马云通过个人奋斗历程告诫年轻人应该追求梦想。（1）细节考查题。文中第三段提到了"BillGates,WarrenBuffet,theJackWelch,LarryPage,MarkZarchburg"五位名人。故选B。（2）词义猜测题。依据后文所讲的艰苦创业过程推测可知，tough此处表示困难的，与difficult同义。故选A。（3）细节考查题。根据第四段中"Makeenoughmistakes."可知，作者鼓励大家不要怕犯错。故选D。（4）细节考查题。根据文章最后两句"Youngpeopleshouldfollowthedreams.Ifyouhaveadream,justtogoahead."判断可知作者给年轻人提出建议要跟随梦想前进。故选C。【点评】考查阅读理解，细节题要找到答案的依据，猜测词义题要根据上下文来判断词义，主旨大意题要找到主题段或主题句。12．阅读理解

Asspacesciencedevelops,manhaslearnedmoreandmoreaboutspace.Spaceisnotonlyamazingbutalsodangerous.Whileworkinginspace,spacemenarefacingdanger.

Scientistshavefoundoutthatradiation（辐射）isthegreatestdangertospacemeninspace.Whenspacemenareworkinginspace,theyareindangerofradiationfromthesunandotherstars,whichisbadfortheirhealth.Somespecialmedicinemayworkalittle,butthere'snoreallyhelpfulmedicine.

Spacejunkisalsothoughtagreatdangertospacemen.It'sreportedthatthereare9,000man-madethingsflyinginspace.About30%oftheseareman-madesatellites（卫星）,10%arespaceships,andtherestarespacejunk.Anexplosion（爆炸）in1996madeacloudof300,000fragments（碎片）,eachatleast4mminsize,andevenasmallpieceoftheseknockedagainstaspaceshipwindowanddidsome

damage.Scientistsareworkingonhelpfulwaystodowithspacejunk.

Althoughspaceisreallydangerous,itinterestseveryoneontheearth.Inthenearfuture,itmaybecomeusualforpeopletospendafewdaysinaspacehotel.Wemayevenchoosetoleavetheearthandliveinspaceforafewyears.Soweshouldcareforspaceanddosomethingtohelpimprovethespaceenvironment.（1）________ofman-madethingsinspacearespacejunk.A.

10%

B.

30%

C.

60%

D.

80%（2）_______is/arethemostdangeroustospacemen.A.

Satellites

B.

Radiation

C.

Fragments

D.

Spacejunk（3）Whatcanpeopledoinspaceinthenearfuture?________A.

Theycanonlyliveandtravelinspace.B.

Theycangrowsomefruitandvegetablesinspace.C.

Theycanfindoutwaystosolvealltheproblemsinspace.D.

Theycanspendafewdaysorliveforafewyearsinspace.（4）Thepurpose（目的）ofthewriterwhowritesthepassageismainlyto_________.A.

introducewhatthespaceisliketousB.

talkaboutsomeimportantspacetravelsC.

tellusthespaceenvironmentandtocareforspaceD.

showushowinterestingthelifeofthespacemeninspace【答案】（1）C（2）B（3）D（4）C【解析】【分析】短文大意：本文是科普文，介绍了神奇太空的危险环境，呼吁人们关心太空并做一些事情来帮助改善太空环境。（1）考查数学计算。根据About30%oftheseareman-madesatellites（卫星）,10%arespaceships,andtherestarespacejunk.，可知100%—30%—10%=60%，故选C。（2）考查细节理解。根据Scientistshavefoundoutthatradiation（辐射）isthegreatestdangertospacemeninspace.（科学家们已经发现，辐射对太空中的宇航员来说是最大的危险），可知对于太空人来说，辐射是最危险的，故选B。（3）考查细节理解。根据Inthenearfuture,itmaybecomeusualforpeopletospendafewdaysinaspacehotel.Wemayevenchoosetoleavetheearthandliveinspaceforafewyears.，可知Theycanspendafewdaysorliveforafewyearsinspace.说法正确，故选D。（4）考查主旨理解。根据文章主题句Soweshouldcareforspaceanddosomethingtohelpimprovethespaceenvironment.，可知介绍的是神奇太空的危险环境，呼吁人们关心太空并做一些事情来帮助改善太空环境，故选C。【点评】此题考查阅读理解。我们先阅读短文，理解短文大意。我们在分析问题后，带着问题阅读短文，从短文的细节中找出和问题相关的语句，找出细节理解问题答案，对于主旨大意题，要根据文章的主题句确定。13．阅读理解

Ournewforeignstudentsaregoingtoarriveverysoon,andherearesomewaystocommunicatewiththempolitely.

Howclosedoyoustandwhenyoutalktoafriend?YoucanstandclosetopeopleintheMiddleEastbutdon'tstandtooclosetoNorthAmericans!Givethemmorepersonalspace.

Doyouknowhowtotouchpeoplecorrectly?Chinesegirlsoftenwalkarminarmwiththeirfriends.SouthAmericanssometimesholdyourarmwhentheytalktoyou,soyoucan'tmoveaway！ButinBritainmanypeopledon'tlikeotherpeopletouchingthematall.

Doyoulookatpeoplewhenyoutalk?Insomeplaces,itisn'tpolitetolookatpeoplewhentheytalk,butinothercountriesitisn'tpolitetolooksomewhereelse.InBritainandtheUS,peopleusuallylookateachotherwhentheytalk.

Andhowdoyousaygoodbye?That'seasy.Wave（挥手）tosaygoodbye.Butbecareful！InGreece,it'snotpoliteatall！Infact,it'sveryrude!（1）Accordingtothepassage,weshouldgivepeoplein______morepersonalspace.A.

theMiddleEast

B.

NorthAmerica

C.

SouthAmerica

D.

SouthChina（2）Theunderlinedword"touch"means"________"inChinese.A.

触碰

B.

打击

C.

感动

D.

震撼（3）Wecan'twavetosaygoodbyein________.A.

America

B.

Japan

C.

Britain

D.

Greece（4）Howmanywaysaregiventocommunicatewithforeignstudents?A.

Two.

B.

Three.

C.

Four.

D.

Five.（5）What'sthebesttitleofthispassage?A.

Sayinggoodbye

B.

TouchingpeopleC.

Lookingatpeople

D.

Communicatingpolitely【答案】（1）B（2）A（3）D（4）C（5）D【解析】【分析】本文主要介绍了一些有礼貌与外国学生沟通交流的方法。如你和朋友交谈时应该站多远，如何正确触碰人，在说话时要看着对方，如何挥手说再见等等。（1）细节题。根据YoucanstandclosetopeopleintheMiddleEastbutdon'tstandtooclosetoNorthAmericans!Givethemmorepersonalspace的描述可知我们应该给北美人更多的个人空间，故选B。（2）词义猜测题。根据Chinesegirlsoftenwalkarminarmwiththeirfriends.SouthAmericanssometimesholdyourarmwhentheytalktoyou,soyoucan'.tmoveaway!ButinBritainmanypeople,don’tlikeotherpeopletotouchthematall.的描述可知touch的意思为触碰，故选A。（3）细节题。根据最后一段Andhowdoyousaygoodbye?That’seasy,wave（挥手）tosay.goodbye.Butbecareful!InGreece，it’snotatallpolite!Infact，it'sveryrude!的描述可知在希腊不能挥手说再见，故选D。（4）细节题。根据全文描述可知有Howclosedoyoustand，howto

touch

peoplecorrectly，lookatpeoplewhenyoutalk和howdoyousaygoodbye，4种方式，故选C。（5）主旨题。根据全文描述，可知本文主要介绍了一些有礼貌与外国学生沟通交流的方法。故标题是礼貌地交流，故选D。【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题，词义猜测题和主旨题3种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案，词义猜测题需要根据上下文提炼相关信息锁定词意，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。14．阅读理解

FirstFrenchman：Ionceheardsomeoneshout,"Lookout."Iputmyheadoutofawindowandabucket（桶）ofwaterfellonme.Itseemsthat"Lookout"maymean"Don'tlookout".

SecondFrenchman：Iwasonceonashipandheardthecaptainshout,"Allhandsondeck（甲板）."Iputmyhandsonthedeckandsomeonewalkedonthem.

ThirdFrenchman：Ioncewentearlyinthemorningtothedoctor'sandhisnursecametothedoorandsaid,"He'snotupyet.Comebackinhalfanhour."WhenIwentasecondtimeforhim,Shesaid,"He'snotdownyet."Ihadtogoawayagain.LaterIthoughtthedoctorshouldbeinthehouseintheevening,soIwentthereoncemore.

"Oh,howsorryIam!He'snotin!I'dbettertellhimtowaitforyouifyoucouldcometomorrow,"saidthenurse."Well!He'snotup,heisnotdown,andheisnotin.Pleasetellmewherehestays!"Isaidangrily.（1）ThefirstFrenchmanheardsomeoneshout"Lookout.".Here"Lookout"means“

”.A.

Putyourheadout

B.

Takecare

C.

Hurryup

D.

Helpme（2）Whenthecaptainshouted,"Allhandsondeck.",whathemeantwas

.A.

puttingyourbothhandsondeck

B.

puttingupyourhandsC.

givingyourhandstome

D.

that"Allthesailors（船员）ondeck"（3）Whenthenursesaid,"He'snotupyet.",shemeantthat

.A.

hehadnotstoodupyet

B.

hehadnotyetgotupC.

hehadnotwokenupyet

D.

hehadnotyetcomedownstairs（4）WhenthethirdFrenchmanwentbackforthesecondtime,thedoctor

.A.

wasstillinanupstairroom

B.

wasreadingC.

washavinghisbreakfast

D.

waswashinghimself【答案】（1）B（2）D（3）B（4）A【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章讲述了三个法国人因为对英语理解不到位所发生的故事。（1）句义猜测题。文中lookout是当心的意思，A.当心；B.快点；C.帮帮我，故选B。（2）句义猜测题。文中Allhandsondeck.是所有的船员都到甲板上的意，故选D。（3）句义猜测题。文中He'snotupyet.是他还没有起床的意思，故选B。（4）句义猜测题。文中He'snotdownyet.是他还没下楼的意思。也就是还在楼上，故选A。【点评】考查阅读理解，本文主要涉及到了句意猜测题。这样的题需要根据前后句的逻辑关系去推敲其意思。15．阅读理解

ThefilmForeverEnthralledwasdirectedbythedirector（导演）ChenKaige,andfamousstarsactedinit,suchasZhangZiyiandChenHong.ThisfilmshowsMeiLanfang'slife.

Mei,amasterofBeijingopera,grewupinafamilyofBeijingoperaperformers.Hebegantoperformonthestage（舞台）in1904whenhewas10yearsold.Helearnthisactingskillsandplayedfemalerolesandbecamehighlygoodatsinging,dancingandacting.Heturnedhimselfintoaperformerofalmostalltypesofthe"Dan"femaleroles.

InJuly1937,theJapanesearmyoccupied（占领）Beijing.TheofficerofthearmytoldMeitoperformforthemandpromisedtogivehimalotof