2023年英语中考语法复习-冠词

冠词专题不定冠词a/an的用法

不定冠词a/an一般有any或one的意思，不强调数目概念，只用来泛指事物，说明其名称或种类。用法例子aan用于辅音音素开头的单数可数名词前用于元音音素开头的单数可数名词前awoman/ˈwʊmən/auniversity/ˌjuːnɪˈvɜːsəti/aEuropeancountry

/ˌjʊərəˈpiːən/aone-weektrip/wʌn/anegg/eɡ/anidea/aɪˈdɪə/anumbrella/ʌmˈbrelə/anAmerican/əˈmerɪkən/注：①此处的辅音音素和元音音素指单词发音的第一个音素。26个字母中发音为元音音素开头的有12个：a,e,f,h,i,l,m,n,o,r,s,xThereis_____“e”and______“t”intheword“eat”.②常见的以元音字母开头的单词用a或an的情况：anaAaanancientstory,anartist,anaunt,anAsiancountry,anAmericangirlEeaEuropeancountry,anexcitingjob,anegg,an8-year-oldboy,an11-year-oldboyIianidea,aninterestingstoryOoanorange,anoldman,anOlympicstarUuausefulbook,auniversitystudent,ausualfarmer,anumbrella,anuglyman,anuncle,anunusualstory,anunhappyday特别记忆不规则：anhonestboy,anhour用法例子常见用法

1.用于第一次提到的人或事物的名词前Ihaveanewbook.我有一本新书。2.泛指某个人，某一类人或物Aboyiswaitingforyou.有个男孩正在等你。用法例子常见用法3.用于人名前，表示不认识此人或与某名人有类似性质的人或事AMr.Smithcametovisityouwhenyouwereout.一位史密斯先生在你外出时来拜访过。4.表示数量“一个”，相当于oneIhaveamouthandanose.我有一张嘴和一个鼻子。用法例子常见用法5.用于某些不可数名词前，表示“一次、一阵、一份、一种”等（抽象名词具体化）

明天将有一场大雨。①abigsurprise(惊喜)②apleasure(乐事)③agreatsuccess(成功)④apity(遗憾)⑤haveagoodtime(时光)Therewillbeaheavyraintomorrow.用法例子常见用法6.用在序数词前，表示“又一、再一”Shehasgottwosons,butshewantstohaveathirdone.她已经有两个儿子了，但她还想再要一个。用法例子常见用法7.用于表示价格、速度、比率等名词前，表示“每一”twoyuanakilo每公斤两元60milesanhour每小时60英里【补充知识点】用法例子常见用法8.用于固定搭配或习惯用法asaresult,acoupleof,inahurry,inaminute,goforawalk,haveacold,havearest,haveagoodtime,onceuponatime,halfanhour,afew,alittle,alotof,abit用法例子特殊用法用于“quite,rather,such+a/an+单数名词”中Thisroomisrather/quiteabigone.这个房间相当大。Ihaveneverseensuchaperson.我从来没见过这样的人。用法例子特殊用法用于“What+a/an+形容词+名词+（主语+谓语）”的感叹句中Whatanicegirl(sheis)！（她是）一个多么美丽的女孩啊！Whataninterestingbook(itis)！（这是）一本多么有趣的书啊！中考真题面对面()1.

newstudysaysthatgoingto_____bedlateisharmfultoourhealth.A./;/B.A;/C.A;theD.The;the()2.Iwentto

supermarkettobuy

birthdaygiftformyauntyesterday.

A.an;aB.a;aC.the;/D./;theBB中考真题面对面()3.—Whatdoyouwanttobeinthefuture,Lucy?

—Iwanttobe

pilot.Itis

excitingjob.

A.a;aB.a;anC.a;theD.the;an()4.Don’ttalktoSimonlikethat.Heisjust_____eleven-year-oldboy.

A.aB.anC.theD./BB真题汇编考点1不定冠词a/an()1.—Ishe

Americanor

European?

—Neither.Infact,heisfromAustralia.

A.an;anB.an;aC.a;anD.a;a()2.Jane,

honestchild,bought_____usefuldictionaryyesterday.

A.a;aB.an;anC.a;anD.an;aBD考点1不定冠词a/an’()3.—Itseemsthatyourdaughtershows_____interestinplayingtheviolin.

—Exactly.Herteachersaysshehas

giftformusic.

A.a;theB.an;aC.a;aD.an;theB考点1不定冠词a/an’()4.—CouldyoutellmesomethingaboutFoshan,Feihong?

—Sure,it’s

industrialcitynearGuangzhouwith

historyofabout5000years.

A.a;aB.an;theC.an;/D.an;aD考点1不定冠词a/an’()5.—Isthat

postoffice?

—No,it’s

oldlibrary.(2019新疆中考)

A.the;aB.a;anC.an;aD.an;theB定冠词the的用法用法例子定冠词the，表示特指1.用于世上独一无二的事物名词或专有名词(国家、组织、机构等)前themoon,theGreatWall,theUK,theUSTheearthmovesaroundthesun.地球绕着太阳转。用法例子2.特指的人、事物或上文提过的人或事物Thereisaboyoverthereandtheboyiscrying.那里有一个男孩，他正在哭。3.用于单数可数名词前，表示某一类人或事物Thehorseisausefulanimal.马是一种很有用的动物。用法例子4.用于姓氏复数前，表示“某人一家”，谓语动词用复数TheGreensworkinthesamecompany.格林一家人在同一家公司上班。5.用于形容词前，表示某一类人，谓语动词用复数therich(富人)，thepoor(穷人)，thesick(病人)Theyoungarekindtotheold.年轻人对老人很友善。用法例子6.用于西洋乐器前Icanplaytheviolinandmysistercanplaytheguitar.

我会拉小提琴，我的姐姐会弹吉他用法例子7.序数词和形容词最高级前、比较级的特殊句型、表示年代的数词中Weliveonthefifthfloor.我们住在五楼。Heisthetalleststudentinhisclass.他是班上最高的学生。Themore,thebetter.多多益善。inthe1990s在20世纪90年代用法例子8.江河湖海、山川群岛、方位的名词之前theYellowRiver,thePacific(太平洋),inthesouthofChinaXinjiangisinthewestofChina.新疆在中国的西部。9.身体部位的名词前Hepattedmeontheshoulder.他拍了拍我的肩膀。用法例子定冠词加在表示单位的名词前，意为“每…，按…”的意思Irentedthehousebythemonth.Pencilsaresoldbythedozen.铅笔按打来卖的。【补充知识点】用法例子10.“How+形容词+the+主语+谓语”的感叹句中Howinterestingthebookis!多有趣的书啊！11.用于固定搭配或习惯用法atthebeginningof,attheendof,atthesametime,attheageof,atthebottomof,gotothecinema,lookthesame,bytheway,thedaybeforeyesterday中考真题面对面()1.

GreatWallisoneofthesevenwondersaroundtheworld.

A.TheB.AC.AnD./()2.Brazil,

countryinSouthAmerica,willhold

31stOlympicGamesinAugust,2016.

A.a;aB.a;theC.the;aD.the;theAB中考真题面对面()3.—Doyoulike

movieBigHero6（超能陆战队）?

—Yes,itis

interestingfilm.Ilikeitverymuch.

A.a;anB.the;anC.a;theD.the;a()4._____GreensarepreparingforthecomingThanksgivingDay.

A./B.AC.AnD.TheBD中考真题面对面()5.Ireallylike

bookyoulentmeyesterday.

A.aB.anC.theD./()6.

oldmanbehindMaryis

universityteacher.

A.An;anB.A;theC.The;aD.The;anCC真题汇编考点2定冠词the’()6.Mikehad_____unusualexperiencewhichhappenedin_____early1990s.

A.a;/B.an;/C.an;theD.a;the()7.—Doyoulike_____movieDangal?

—Yes.It’s_____educationalmovie.Ilikeitverymuch.

A.the;anB.a;anC.a;theD.the;aCA考点2定冠词the()8.HongKong-Zhuhai-MacaoBridgeis_____world’slongestcross-seabridge,anditbringspeopleinHongKong,MacaoandGuangdongwithin_____“one-hourlivingcircle”.

A.the;anB.a;theC.the;aD./;the()9.Laurais_____11-year-oldgirl.Sheisgoodatplaying_____guitar.

A./;aB.an;/C.an;theD.a;anCC考点2定冠词the()10.—_____SmithsareusedtolivinginShanghainow.

—Wehopemoreandmoreforeignfriendslive_____betterlifeinChina.

A./;aB.The;anC.The;aD./;theC定冠词the的用法1.专有名词(人名、地名等)前BeijingUniversity,China2.年、月、星期前in2006,inMarch,onSunday3.季节、节假日前（春节等节日除外）inspring,onTeachers’Day△theSpringFestival（春节）△theDragonBoatFestival（端午节）4.球类、棋类和学科前playbasketball(volleyball),playchess,learnchemistry5.三餐前一般不用冠词三餐前有形容词修饰，则用不定冠词have(breakfast,lunch,supper,dinner),have…forbreakfast△haveabig/quickbreakfast6.名词前有限定词限定词：对名词的中心词起特指、类指、确定数量和非确定数量等限定作用的词。如：冠词，指示代词，名词所有格，不定冠词等。常用限定词(this,that,these,those)形容词性物主代词(my,your,his,her,their)如：thistree,mypen,somewater7.与by连用，放在表示交通工具的名词前bytrain(bus,car,ship)，byair(乘飞机)，bysea(乘船)8.用于固定搭配或习惯用法athome,atwork,atlunch,atleast,atonceinfact,introuble,indanger,intime,ontime中考真题面对面()EricisnotgoingtoNanjingby

plane.Instead,heistaking_____train.

A./;aB.a;/C.a;theD.the;aA真题汇编考点3

零冠词()11.Weshouldhelp_____disabledinsteadofmaking_____funofthem.

A.a;aB.a;/C.the;aD.the;/()12._____116-year-oldJapanesewomanwhostillenjoysstudying_____mathshasbeenrecognizedastheworld’soldestperson.A.The;/B.A;theC.The;theD.An;/DA考点3

零冠词()13.Weoftenhavethreemeals_____day.Andweusuallyhave_____breakfastat8:00everymorning.

A.a;theB.a;aC.a;/D./;the()14.Iamgoingtohave_____picnicon_____Sunday.

A.the;anB.an;theC.a;/D.an;/CC考点3

零冠词()15.—Willyougetthereby_____train?

—No,I’lltake_____taxi.

A./;aB.a;/C./;/D.a;aA辨析：有定冠词和无定冠词的区别引申gotoschool上学gototheschool到学校去

gotobed睡觉gotothebed到床边inhospital生病住院 inthehospital在医院attable吃饭 atthetable在桌旁atschool在上学 attheschool在学校inclass在上课 intheclass在班级里面inbed（躺）在床 inthebed（某物）在床上infrontof在前面（外部） inthefrontof在前面（内部）nextyear明年 thenextyear第二年bysea乘船 bythesea在海边onearth究竟，到底ontheearth在地球上

固定搭配常见冠词固定搭配归纳如下：abit(of)

稍微，有点儿afew

一些，几个akindof

一种alittle

一点，少量alotof

许多，大量 anumberof 大量固定搭配常见冠词固定搭配归纳如下：apairof

一双apieceof

一块，一片，一张，一件asaresult

结果，因此atthesametime

同时goforawalk

去散步 haveacold

感冒固定搭配常见冠词固定搭配归纳如下：haveagoodtime 玩得开心 inahurry

匆匆忙忙inaword

总而言之intheend

最后，终于inthefuture

在未来onceuponatime 以前固定搭配常见冠词固定搭配归纳如下：putonaperformance

表演节目taketheplaceof

代替，取代onceaweek

一周一次livea…life

过着……的生活havearest/takeabreak休息attheageof

在……岁时固定搭配常见冠词固定搭配归纳如下：takeatrain

坐火车playarolein

在……中扮演角色haveatry

试一试inaway

在某种程度上forawhile

一会儿alargenumberof