2024年人工智能就业晴雨表（英文）-31正式版

PwC’s2024

AIJobsBarometer

HowwillAIaffectjobs,skills,wages,

andproductivity?

/aijobsbarometer

PwC’s2024AIJobsBarometergoesbeyond

predictionsaboutAI’simpacttofindevidenceby

analysingoverhalfabillionjobads.TheBarometer

revealshowAIistransformingtheworldofwork,

makingpeopleandbusinessesmoreproductive

whilechangingwhatittakesforworkerstosucceed.

HeadlineFindings

4.8x25%

SectorswithhighestAIpenetrationareJobsthatrequireAIspecialistskillscarryup

seeingalmostfivefold(4.8x)greaterlabourtoa25%wagepremiuminsomemarkets.

productivitygrowth.Risinglabourproductivity

cangenerateeconomicgrowth,higherwages,andenhancedlivingstandards.

3.5x

GrowthinjobsthatrequireAIspecialistskills

hasoutpacedalljobssince2016(wellbefore

ChatGPTbroughtfreshattentiontoAI),with

numbersofAIspecialistjobsgrowing3.5

timesfasterthanalljobs.

25%

Skillssoughtbyemployersarechangingata

25%higherrateinoccupationsmostableto

useAI.Tostayrelevant,workersinthesejobs

willneedtobuildordemonstratenewskills.

PwC’s2024AIJobsBarometer2

Halfabillionjobadsreveal

AI’simpact

AIistheIndustrialRevolutionofknowledgework,transforminghowallworkerscanapply

information,createcontent,anddeliverresultsatspeedandscale.Howisthisaffecting

jobs?WiththeAIJobsBarometer,PwCsetouttofindempiricalevidencetohelpsortfact

fromfiction.

PwCanalysedoverhalfabillionjobadsfrom15countriestofindevidenceofAI’simpactat

worldwidescalethroughjobsandproductivitydata.

PwCtrackedthegrowthofjobsthatdemandspecialistAIskills(suchasmachinelearning

orneuralnetworks)acrosscountriesandsectorsasanindicationofAIpenetration.1We

findthatAIpenetrationisaccelerating,especiallyinprofessionalservices,information&

communication,andfinancialservices.WorkerswithspecialistAIskillscommandsignificant

wagepremiums,suggestingthattheirabilitiestodeployAIarevaluabletocompanies.

1AI’struepenetrationintotheeconomymaybeevengreaterthanreflectedinthisanalysis.Byfocusingonjobads,thisanalysiscapturesAI’simpacton

jobchangers,butdoesnotcaptureAIusageorupskillingforexistingemployees.

PwC’s2024AIJobsBarometer3

TheAIJobsBarometeruseshalfabillionjobadsfrom15countriesto

examineAI’simpactonjobs,skills,wages,andproductivity

ButAI’simpactisnotlimitedtoonlythoseworkerswhohavespecialistAIskills.Many,

ifnotmost,workerswhouseAItoolsintheirworkdonothaveorneedthesespecialist

skills.Forexample,alimitednumberofworkerswithspecialistAIskillsmaydesign

anAIsystemortoolforacompanythatisthenusedbyhundredsorthousandsofthe

company’scustomerserviceagents,analysts,orlawyers-noneofwhomhavespecialist

AIskills.Infact,onethingthatmakesawell-knownformofAI-generativeAI-sucha

powerfultechnologyisthattypicallyitcanbeoperatedusingsimpleeverydaylanguage

withnotechnicalskillsrequired.

TocaptureAI’simpactonalljobs,PwCanalysedalljobs(andsectors)bytheirlevelof‘AI

exposure.’AhigherlevelofAIexposuremeansthatAIcanmorereadilybeusedforsome

tasks.ExamplesofoccupationswithhigherAIexposurearefinancialanalysts,customer

serviceagents,softwarecoders,andadministrationmanagers.Theanalysisrevealedthat

sectorswithhigherAIexposureareexperiencingmuchhigherlabourproductivitygrowth.

Atthesametime,theskillsdemandedbyemployersinAI-exposedoccupationsare

changingfast.Readontolearnmore.

PwC’s2024AIJobsBarometer4

KeyTerms

‘AIspecialistskills’:Specialist,technicalAIskillslikedeeplearningor

cognitiveautomation.SeeAppendixOneforAIskillslist.

‘AIspecialistjobs’:Jobsthatrequirespecialist,technicalAIskills.

‘Alljobs’:Alljobsinalloccupations.

‘AI-exposed’:DescribesalljobsorsectorsinwhichAIcanreadilybeused

forsometasks(basedondefinitionofAIOccupationalExposure

developedbyFeltenetal.)

PwC’s2024AIJobsBarometer5

AIpenetrationis

accelerating

AttentiontoAI’simpactonthejobsmarketexplodedinNovember2022withthelaunchof

ChatGPT3.5.However,thedatashowsthatAIhadquietlyexertedagrowingimpactonthe

jobsmarketyearsbefore.GrowthinAIspecialistjobshasoutpacedgrowthinalljobssince

2016,wellbeforeChatGPTbroughtfreshfocustoAI.

Today,thereareseventimesasmanypostingsforspecialistAIjobsastherewerein2012.

Incontrast,postingsforalljobshavegrownmoreslowly,doublingsince2012.Putanother

way,openingsforjobsthatrequirespecialistAIskillshavegrown3.5timesfasterthan

openingsforalljobssince2012.

GrowthinAljobshasoutpacedalljobssinceatleast2016

NumberofJobPostings,relativeto2012

12

10

8

6

4

2

0

2012

20132014201520162017201820192020202120222023

AIJobsAllJobs

Source:PwCanalysisofLightcastdata.Theanalysisrepresentssixofthefifteencountries:US,UK,Singapore,Australia,Canada,andNewZealand.

Ninecountrieshavebeenexcludedduetodatapriorto2018beingunavailable:France,Germany,Belgium,Denmark,Spain,Italy,Netherlands,Norway,

andSweden.

The2022peakinjobpostingsaboverepresentsexceptionallyhighdemandforworkers

whichgraduallyeasedin2023asjobmarketconditionsreturnedtowardnormal.

PwC’s2024AIJobsBarometer6

Knowledgeworksectorshavehigher

AIpenetration

Knowledgeworksectorsinparticularareseeinggrowingdemandforjobsthatrequire

specialistAIskills.Theshareofjobadsrequiringtheseskillsishigherinprofessional

services,information&communication,andfinancialservices-preciselythosesectors

predictedtobemostexposedtoAI.2Financialserviceshasa2.8xhighershareofjobs

requiringAIskillsvsothersectors,professionalservicesis3xhigher,andinformation&

communicationis5xhigher.

ShareofjobpostingsbysectorrequiringAlskills

5%

4%

3%

2%

1%

0%

2012

20132014201520162017201820192020202120222023

InformationandCommunicationProfessionalServicesFinancialServicesOthersectors

Sources:PwCanalysisofLightcastdata,UKGovernmentImpactofAIonJobs2023.“Othersectors”includesAgriculture,Mining,Power,Water,Retail

trade,Transportation,Accommodation,RealEstate,Administrativeactivities,ArtsandEntertainment,Householdactivities,Construction,Manufacturing,

Education,HealthandSocialActivitiesandExtraterritorialActivitiessectors.Chartincludesall15countriesinthisstudy.

2AIOccupationalExposure(AIOE),constructedbyFeltenetal(2021),scoresandmeasuresthedegreetowhichoccupationsrelyonabilitiesin

whichAIhasmadethemostprogressinrecentyears,meaningAIcanmorereadilybeusedforsometasksinthoseoccupations.

PwC’s2024AIJobsBarometer7

AIspecialistjobscommanduptoa25%

wagepremiumonaverage

AI’svaluetocompaniesismadeclearbywhatishappeningwiththewagesofworkers

withAIspecialistskills-theverypeoplewhoaremakingtheAIrevolutionpossible.

25%

Upto25%wagepremiumfor

workerswithspecialistAIskills

PwC’s2024AIJobsBarometer8

Aswehaveseen,growthinjobsdemandingAIspecialistskillshasoutpacedgrowthinall

jobssince2016.What’smore,thesejobscarryuptoa25%wagepremiumonaverage,

underliningthevalueoftheseskillstocompanies.

BelowareaverageAIwagepremiumsforfivecountriesforwhichthereissufficient

datatoperformtheanalysis.Toshowhowthiswagepremiumcanaffectindividual

occupations,wagepremiumsforselectedoccupationsaregiven.

WagepremiumforjobvacancieswhichrequireAlskillsbycountry

CountryAlWagePremium

OccupationUSAUKCanadaAustraliaSingapore

DatabaseDesigners

andAdministrators+53%+58%+8%+14%+35%

Lawyers+49%+27%---5%

SalesandMarketing

Managers+43%+14%+3%+7%+3%

FinancialAnalysts+33%+32%--+11%

ApplicationsProgrammers+32%+24%-+7%+34%

SystemsAnalysts+30%+34%+15%+7%+28%

Accountants+18%+5%+17%-+4%

Averagewagepremium

acrossalljobs+25%+14%+11%+6%+7%

Sources:PwCanalysisofLightcastdata,ISCO-08OccupationCodes(4-digitlevel).2023data.Thesefindingsdonotdemonstrateacausalrelationship.

TheseestimatesarecalculatedbycomparingtheaveragesalariesofAIjobpostingstothoseofnon-AIpostingsforthesameoccupations.Twofilters

areappliedtoensure(1)thecountofAIjobpostingsand(2)theratioofAIjobs:non-AIjobsbeingcomparedisaboveacertainthreshold.Theanalysis

providedrepresentsfiveofthe15countries:UK,USA,Singapore,CanadaandAustralia.Theremainderofthecountrieshavebeenomittedfromthis

analysisasthedatawaslessextensive:NewZealand,Italy,France,Germany,Spain,Belgium,Netherlands,Denmark,NorwayandSweden.

Forexample,jobadsforUSsalesmanagersthatrequireAIspecialistskillsofferwagesthat

areonaverage43%higherthanjobadsforsalesmanagersthatdonotrequireAIskills.

Canada’saccountantscanenjoya17%wagepremiumiftheyhaveAIspecialistskills,and

UKemployersarewillingtopaya27%premiumforlawyersequippedwithAIskills.

PwC’s2024AIJobsBarometer9

AIappearstobedrivinga

productivityrevolution

SofarthisreporthasdiscussedjobswhichrequirespecialistAIskillslikedeeplearning

ornaturallanguageprocessing.Butmany,ifnotmost,workerswhouseAItoolsintheir

workdonothavetheseskills.TounderstandhowAIisaffectingalljobs,PwCexamined

jobsandsectorsbytheirlevelsof‘AIexposure’whichmeansthedegreetowhichAIcan

readilybeusedforsometasks.PwC’sanalysisrevealedhowhigherlevelsofAIexposure

appeartobeaffectingworkers’productivity,numbersofjobopenings,andtheskillsthat

jobsrequire.First,let’sseehowAImaybeaffectingproductivity.

Labourproductivitygrowthhasbeensluggishinmanynationsforyears.OECDcountries

haveexperiencedalostdecadeoflabourproductivitygrowthwithweakaverageannual

risesof1.1%from2011to2020,followedbydeclinesinboth2021and2022.3

4.8x

highergrowthinlabour

productivityinAl-exposed

sectors

3OECD,LabourProductivityandUtilisation.Thepandemichadanegativeimpactonproductivityin2020-2022.

PwC’s2024AIJobsBarometer10

Thisstagnantlabourproductivityisaseriousproblembecauseitisadragoneconomic

growth,reducingpotentialtaxrevenues,chippingawayatinvestmentinpublicservices

andflatlininglivingstandards.

RecentlytherehasbeenmuchspeculationthatAIcansuperchargeworkers’productivity.

Thegoodnewsisthereisnowevidencetosuggestthatthisisnotjustwishfulthinking,

andisalreadyfastbecomingreality.

Wehaveseenthatthreesectors-financialservices,IT,andprofessionalservices-have

higherAIexposureandhigherAIpenetration.Howisthisaffectingproductivity?

Thedatashowsthatthesethreesectorsareseeingnearly5xfasterproductivitygrowth

thansectorswithlowerAIexposure(suchastransport,manufacturingandconstruction).

Alexposureandlabourproductivitygrowthratebysector.Eachdot

representsacountry.

30%

20%

10%

0%

-10%

-20%

-1.5-1-0.500.511.522.5

SectorslessexposedtoAlAlSectoralExposureSectorsmoreexposedtoAl

Average.9%Average4.3%

Sources:PwCanalysisofOECDdata,Feltenetal.(2021).TheAIOccupationExposure(AIOE)constructedbyFeltenetal’s(2021)AIOccupational

Exposure(AIOE)scoresandmeasuresthedegreetowhichoccupationsrelyonabilitiesinwhichAIhasmadethemostprogressinrecentyears,meaning

AIcanmorereadilybeusedforsometasks.TheAIOEscoreisarelativemeasure,wherehighernumbersindicategreaterexposuretoAI,meaningthat

evennegativevaluesstillimplyacertaindegreeofexposuretoAI.Tomeasurethegrowthrateinlabourproductivity,PwCusedtheOECD’sGVAper

personemployedmetric,indexedon2018.DuetotheavailabilityoftheOECDdata,PwCfocusedonjustsixsectors.The2023OECDlabourproductivity

datahasnotbeenreleased.Thereforethelabourproductivitygrowthratebetween2018and2022isconsidered.IftheviewthatAIisincreasingproductivity

iscorrect,itwouldbeexpectedthatthepatternofstrongerproductivitygrowthforAI-exposedsectorswouldcontinueoracceleratein2023.The‘4.8x

highergrowth’isacomparisonofaveragedlabourproductivitygrowthrates;absolutegrowthratesare0.9%and4.3%.

PwC’s2024AIJobsBarometer11

Whileitisnotpossibletoprovecausation,thisisanintriguingpattern.Unlikethe

computerrevolutionwhichtooksignificanttimetoenhanceproductivity(economist

RobertSolowonceobservedthattheimpactofthecomputeragewasevident

everywherebutintheproductivitystatistics),thedatasuggestsAIisalreadydoingso,

rightnow.AImaybecompressingthe‘productivityJ-curve’4inwhichnewtechnologies

cantakesignificanttimetocauseasharpuptickinproductivity.

PwC’s2024GlobalCEOSurveyconfirmsthat84%ofCEOswhosecompanieshave

beguntoadoptAIbelieveitwillincreaseefficiencyintheiremployees’timeatwork.5

Increasingproductivitymeansmorethanjustdoingtheoldthingsfaster.Italsomeans

findingnew,AI-poweredwaystocreatevalue.Infact,70%ofCEOssaythatAIwill

significantlychangethewaytheircompanycreates,deliversandcapturesvalueoverthe

nextthreeyears.

Aldoesmorethanhelpworkersdotheoldthings

faster.Alopensthedoortonewbusinessmodels

andwaysofcreatingvalue.

Theimplicationsforbusinessarehuge.GlobalCEOsanticipatethatoneformofAI-

generativeAI-willdeliversignificanttopandbottomlinebenefits,with46%sayingitwill

increaseprofitability,and41%sayingitwillincreaserevenue.

Investorsagree.PwC’s2023GlobalInvestorSurveyshowsthatinvestorsbelieve

acceleratedadoptionofAIiscriticaltothevalueequation,with61%ofinvestorssaying

fasteradoptionisveryorextremelyimportant.Whenresponsesindicating‘moderately

important’areincluded,theproportionjumpsto85%.

Allofthisaddsuptoapositivestoryfortheglobaleconomy:arevolutioninproductivity

andvaluecreation.

4ProductivityJ-curve,’Brynjolfssonetal.,NationalBureauofEconomicResearch.

5Aroundathirdoftherespondentsinour2024GlobalCEOSurveyhavebeguntoadoptAI.Ofthese,84%believeitwillincreaseemployees’efficiency.

ThesefindingssuggestthatcompaniesleadingthewayonAIdeploymentareseeingthebenefits.

PwC’s2024AIJobsBarometer12

AIishelpingtoease

labourshortages

InAI-exposedoccupationssuchascustomerservicesandIT-anumberofwhichhave

acutelabourshortages-jobsarestillgrowing,but27%moreslowlyonaverage.

Thiscouldbegoodnewsformanynationsfacingshrinkingworkingagepopulationsand

vastunmetneedsforlabourinmanysectors.AIcanhelptoensurethatthelaboursupply

isavailablefortheeconomytoreachitsfullpotential.

27%Lowerjobgrowthin

Al-exposedoccupations(thoughjobsstillgrowingoverall)

PwC’s2024AIJobsBarometer13

JobopeningsarestillgrowinginAl-exposedoccupations,butmoreslowly

250%

CleanersandHelpers

200%

150%

Constructionand

ManufacturingLabourers

SalesandServiceWorkers

100%

PlantandMachinery

Operators

ClericalSupportWorkers

50%

AgricultureLabourers

Administrative&

CommercialManagers

BusinessProfessionals

ITProfessionals

0%

-2.00-1.50-1.00-0.500.000.501.001.502.00

-50%

-100%

Occupationless

exposedtoAl

Averagegrowth80%

AlOccupationExposure

Occupationismore

exposedtoAl

Averagegrowth58%

Sources:PwCanalysisofLightcastdata,ISCO-08OccupationCodes(2-digitlevel)andFeltenet.alAIOccupationExposure.Thecross-country

comparisonontherighthandsideconsidersthedifferenceinthegrowthinjobpostingsbetweentheoccupationsmostexposedtoAIandthoseleast

exposedtoAI.

ItisimportanttoemphasisethatjobnumbersinAI-exposedoccupationsarestillgrowing.

ThedatasuggeststhatAIdoesnotheraldaneraofjoblossesbutrathermoregradual

jobsgrowth,helpingtoenablecompaniestofindtheworkerstheyneed.

PwC’s2024AIJobsBarometer14

Whatthismeansforworkers:

BuildskillsforanAIage

TheskillsrequiredbyemployersinAI-exposedoccupationsarechangingfast.Oldskills

aredisappearingfromjobads-andnewskillsareappearing-25%fasterthaninroles

lessexposedtoAI.

25%

higherskillschangeinAl-exposed

occupations

PwC’s2024AIJobsBarometer15

Changeinskillsdemandedbyemployersforoccupationsmore(andless)

exposedtoAl

14

Greater

change

inskills

demanded

by

employer

12

Webandmultimediadevelopers

10

8

Web

technicians

Software

developers

6

4

Athletesand

sportsplayers

Mathematicians,

actuariesand

statisticians

Smaller

change

inskills

demanded

by

employer

2

Roofers

Hand

launderers

Judges

Psychologists

0

-2-1.5-1-0.500.511.52

Occupationless

exposedtoAl

Average:2.7

(Leastexposedquartile)

AlOccupationExposure

Occupationismore

exposedtoAl

Average:3.4

(Mostexposedquartile)

Sources:PwCanalysisofLightcastdata,ISCO-08OccupationCodes(2-digitlevel),Feltenetal.(2021).ThenetskillchangeisbasedonDemingand

Noray(2020)andiscalculatedbyusingthedifferencebetween2019-2023inthetotalnumberofskillsrequiredbyjoboccupationsusingtheISCO-084-

digitoccupationalcodes.TheAIOccupationExposureisfromFeltenetal’s(2021)andmeasuresthedegreetowhichoccupationsrelyonabilitiesin

whichAIhasmadethemostprogressinrecentyears,meaningAIcanmorereadilybeusedforsometasks.Thecorrelationcoefficientis.31andisthe

statisticalmeasurethatquantifiesthestrengthanddirectionofalinearrelationshipbetweennetskillchangeandAIExposure.Tocalculatetheaveragenet

skillchangesforthemostandleastexposedoccupationstoAI,anaverageofthenetskillchangeofthetopandbottomquartileofoccupationsistaken

basedontheirexposuretoAI.SeeAppendixTwoforformula.

WorkersinAI-exposedrolesmayneedtodemonstrateoracquirenewskillstostayrelevant

inajobsmarketthatisfast-evolving.PwC’s2024GlobalCEOSurveymakesitclearthat

69%ofCEOsanticipatethatgenerativeAIwillrequiremostoftheirworkforcetodevelop

newskills,risingto87%ofCEOswhohavealreadydeployedgenerativeAI.Workersneed

totakeownershipoftheirlearning,rapidlydevelopingtheskillstoremainrelevantandto

embracetheopportunityAIbrings.

PwC’s2024AIJobsBarometer16

TherearecluestowhichskillsworkersmaywanttobuildtoprosperinanAIage.Some

oftheskillsrisingfastestindemandarethosewhichcannoteasilybeperformedbyAI.

Belowarefouroftheskillscategoriesrisingfastestindemand,andforeachcategoryafew

examplesareprovidedofspecificskillswithgrowingdemand.Fromdamconstructionto

sportsinstruction,someskillswithboomingdemandarerelativelyhardforAItoperform.

FASTESTgrowingskillcategories

Skillsub-categoryGrowthinskills

sub-category

Performing

Arts,Sports,

andRecreation

+155%

Yoga

SportInstructors

Swimming

CreativeArts+18%

ChildSafeguarding+156%

PersonalCare

andServices

+82%

LaserHairRemoval

SkinTreatments

+84%

+41%

FuneralArrangements+11%

SolarDevelopment+87%

Energyand

Utilities

+58%

WaterMetering

EnergyTrading

+58%

+44%

DamConstruction+33%

SedimentSampling+84%

Environment

+48%

EcologicalRestoration

WasteCollection

+57%

+32%

FloodControls+17%

Sources:PwCanalysisofLightcastdata.Databasedon2019-2023.Theoverallgrowthinskillcategoriesiscalculatedasthechangeintheaverageshareoftheskillcategoryforallcountriesbetween2019and2023.

Ontheotherhand,whatskillsaredecliningindemand?Belowarefourskillscategories

withthesteepestdeclinesinemployerdemand,withafewillustrativeexamplesof

specificskillswithfalling(orrising)demandwithineachcategory.

TheAItransformationiscleartoseeincategorieslikeInformationTechnologywhere

demandforAI-relatedskillslike‘AI/MachineLearningInference’6isflourishing,while

6AI/MachineLearningInferencemeansapplyingamachinelearningmodeltoadatasettogenerateanoutput,insight,orprediction.

PwC’s2024AIJobsBarometer17

demandforsomeskillsthatmaybemorereadilyreplacedbyAI(suchascodingin

Javascript)isfalling.TheAnalysiscategoryshowsasimilarpatternwithsoaringdemand

forNaturalLanguageProgramming(anAIskill)anddecliningdemandforRegression

Analysis,atypeofanalysisAIcanhelptoperform.

SLOWESTgrowingskillcategories

Skillsub-category

Growthinskills

sub-category

AI/MLInference+113%

Information

Technology

-26%

SmartDevices

CloudOperations

+81%

-7%

Javascript-37%

GameDesign+12%

Design

-23%

VisualEffects

ComputerGraphics

-11%

-30%

InterfaceDesign-46%

PipelineManagement+6%

Sales

-20%

ConsumerSales

OnlineAuctions

-11%

-23%

ColdCalling-37%

-14%

Analysis

NaturalLanguage

Programming

AssetAnalytics

DataSynthesis

+64%

+3%

-8%

RegressionAnalysis-21%

Withintheslowestgrowingskillscategories,somesub-categoriesbuckthetrendandaregrowingfast.Someofthese

(likeAl/MLInference)areAlskills.

Sources:PwCanalysisofLightcastdata.Databasedon2019-2023.Theoverallgrowthinskillcategoriesiscalculatedasthechangeintheaverageshareoftheskillcategoryforallcountriesbetween2019and2023.

Nogoingbacktoyesterday’sjobsmarket-

butvastopportunitiesawaitthosewho

adapttoanAIage

AIisredefiningwhatitmeanstobeafinancialanalyst,asoftwarecoder,acustomer

serviceagent(andmanymoreroles),openingupwholenewpossibilitiesforworkersto

deliverimpact.WorkerswholearntoharnessAIarelikelytohavebrightfuturesinwhich

theycangenerategreatervalueandcouldconsequentlyhavegreaterbargainingpower

forwages-allwithinacontextofrisingsocietalprosperity.

Workersagree.PwC’s2023GlobalWorkforceHopesandFearsSurveyshowsworkers

expectmostlypositivebenefitsfromAIwith31%expectingAItoincreasetheir

productivity/efficiencyand21%expectingAItocreatenewjobopportunities.

ManywhopredictAIwillcauseasharpdeclineinjobnumbersareaskingthewrong

question.ThosewhopredictAIwillhaveanegativeimpactontotaljobnumbersoften

lookbackward,askingwhetherAIcanperformsometasksinthesamewayasthey

havebeendoneinthepast.Theanswerisyes.Buttherightquestiontoaskisthis:

HowwillAIgiveusthepowertodoentirelynewthings,generatingnewrolesandeven

newindustries?

PwC’s2024AIJobsBarometer19

AImakeshumanlabourmorerelevantandvaluable,opening

upnewopportunitiesforpeopletodevelopnewskillsandenternew

roles.AIwillcreatenewjobsforpeoplethatwehaven’tyetbegun

toimagine.Manyofthefastest-growingjobsoftoday-fromcloud

engineertodigitalinterfacedesigner-didn’texist10or20yearsago

andhavebeengeneratedbytechnology.Likeaspreadsheetorasaw,

AIisatoolthatmakespeoplemorepowerfulandcapable.Workers

whobuildtheskillstoharnessAIwillbemorevaluablethanever.

PeteBrown,GlobalWorkforceLeader,PwCUK

AIoftenperformsbestinpartnershipwithpeople.Withoutoversight,AIcanmisscontext

andnuanceorgivepoorerqualityoutput.Onlyhumanscanfullyappreciateandnavigate

thepeople,processes,andcontextofindividualorganisationsandsituations.

Astechnologygetsbetteratbeingtechnology,humanscanget

betteratbeinghumans.ThereisclearevidencethatAIoftendelivers

thebestoutcomeswhenusedinpartnershipwithpeople.TheAIera

requiresanewstyleofleadership,anopennesstoboldtransformation

andinventivethinkingabouthowAIandpeopletogethercancreate

newformsofvalue.

CarolStubbings,GlobalMarketsandTLSLeader,PwCUK

Ouranalysis(particularlythefindingaboutAI’spotentialimpactonproductivity)suggests

thatAI’seffectonjobsmaybesimilartothatoftheinternalcombustionengineinthe20th

centurywhichreducednumbersofsomejobs(suchashorsetrader)whileatthesametime

creatingfarmorejobsthanitdisplaced(fromtruckdrivertoroadengineertotrafficpolice).

PwC’s2024AIJobsBarometer20

AIprovidesmuchmorethanefficiencygains.AIoffers

fundamentallynewwaysofcreatingvalue.Inourworkwithclients,

weseecompaniesareusingAItoamplifythevaluetheirpeople

candeliver.Wedon’thaveenoughsoftwaredevelopers,doctors,

orscientiststodeliverallthecode,healthcare,andscientific

breakthroughstheworldneeds.Thereisanearlylimitlessdemandfor

manythingsifwecanimproveourabilitytodeliverthem.

ScottLikens,GlobalAIandInnovationTechnologyLeader,PwCUS

Farfromheraldingtheendofjobs,AIsignalsthestartofanewerainwhichworkerscan

bemoreproductiveandvaluablethanever.

InsteadoffocusingonlyonhowAIcantakeonsometasksformerlydonebypeople,

weshouldthinkinventivelyabouthowtomakethemostofAItocreatenewindustries

andnewrolesforpeople.EmbracingAIinthiswayisonewaytobringaboutcontinued

positiveoutcomesforworkers.EconomistEricBrynjolfssonobserved,‘IfAIisused

mainlytomimichumans,toreplacehumanswithmachines,itislikelytoleadtolower

wagesandmoreconcentrationofwealth.IfweuseAImainlytoaugmentourskills,todo

newthings,thenitislikelytoleadtowidelysharedprosperityandhigherwages.’7

7TheSecondMachineAge,EricBrynjolfsson

PwC’s2024AIJobsBarometer21

Nextstepsforcompanies,workers,

policymakers

Thereisnogoingbacktoyesterday’sjobsmarket,but-ifcarefullymanaged-theAI

revolutioncouldbringabrightfutureforworkersandcompanies.Belowarestepsthat

companies,workers,andpolicymakerscantaketohelprealiseAI’spromisetogrow

productivityandfuelrisingsharedprosperity.

Hereiswhatcompaniescando.Businessleaderscanembrace,experiment,andcreate

newusesofAI.TheycanthinkbeyondusingAItodothingsthewaytheyhavebeendone

inthepastandinsteaduseAItogeneratenewwaystocreatevalue.WhileAIcanhelpto

makeexistingprocessesmoreefficient,companiescanrealiseevenmorebenefitfrom

AIbyusingittoreinventbusinessmodelsorpioneernewproductlines.Thinking

inventivelyabouthowtouseAIhelpsthecompanytobethedisruptorratherthanthe

disrupted,andithelpstocreat