山东省日照市2024-2025学年高三上学期开学校际联考英语试题（解析版）

2022级高三校际联合考试英语试题本试卷共四部分，共12页。满分150分。考试时间120分钟。注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将答题卡交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题：每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.WhyisDaisysohappy?A.Shehasanewlaptop.B.Shehaswonsomemoney.C.Shehasbeenadmittedtoauniversity.2.HowlongwillthemanstayinSpain?A.Threedays.B.Twoweeks.C.Amonth.3.Whatdoesthemandislike?A.Coffee.B.Tea.C.Milk.4.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Thepriceofcakes.B.Thetypeofcakes.C.Thenumberofcakes.5.Howdoesthemanfeel?A.Bored.B.Satisfied.C.Stressed.第二节（共15小题：每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.WhatdoesJimsuggestforbetterteamwork?AClearcommunication.B.Moremeetings.C.Moreresttime.7.Howoftenwillthemeetingsbeheld?A.Onceaweek.B.Twiceaweek.C.Threetimesaweek.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Whatisthewoman’sproblem?A.Shelostherpurse.B.Sheleftherbagintheticketoffice.C.Shecan’tfindhercarintheparkinglot.9.Whenwasthemaninthecarparklasttime?A.Afewminutesago.B.Anhourago.C.Yesterday.10.Whatwillthemandonext?A.Lendthewomansomemoney.B.Buyaticketforthewoman.C.Giveahandtothewoman.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.Wherearethespeakersprobably?A.Atanoffice.B.Inahouse.C.Bytheseaside.12.Whatdoesthemansayabouthisbrother?A.Helivesnearby.B.Hehasabiggarden.C.Heworksfromhome.13.Whatwillthemanprobablydotomorrow?A.Signanagreement.B.Givehisbrotheracall.C.Bargainwiththewoman.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Friends.B.Co-workers.C.Brotherandsister.15.Whichrestaurantdothespeakerschoose?A.TheItalianrestaurant.B.TheChineserestaurant.C.TheIndianrestaurant.16.Whatwillthemando?A.Sendtheinvitations.B.Makeacake.C.Bookatable.17.Howdoesthewomansoundattheendoftheconversation?A.Expectant.B.Surprised.C.Worried.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18.Whatisthespeaker?A.Atourguide.B.Azookeeper.C.Amuseumdirector.19.Whatdoesthespeakersayaboutthehouses?A.Theyarenewlybuilt.B.Theyarecolorful.C.Theyareofthesamestyle.20.Whatdopeopleliketodointheparkinspring?AWatchbirds.B.Takepictures.C.Visitthehouses.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AJoinGoldsterforafabulousfreeonlineexperienceanddiscoverhowtofeelmoreconfidentinyourfootingandpreventfalls.You’llalsogainvaluableinsightsintobuildingstrength,mobility,andflexibilitythroughthistransformativeevent.Startyourjourneytowardsamoreconfidentandbalancedyou!EventDetailsDate:Sunday22ndOct.Time:2:00pm—4:00pmPlace:OnlineviaZoom-joinforfreeEventschedule2:00—2:15pmWelcomewithGoldsterPresenterLeePycrof2:15—2:45pmJamesHilton,Fitnesstrainer:Thebasicsofmovementandtheplanesofmotionplussettingsomebasicmovementassessments.2:45—3:15pmClaudialeFeuvre,Nutritionistandeatingpsychologycoach:Nutritionformuscleandbonehealth.3:15—3:45pmAndyYau,TaiChiexpert:Balanceandflowofmovement.3:45—4:00pmInteractiveQ&ARegisternowforfreeathttps://bit.ly/goldsterfallprevention.ClaudialeFeuvreisaNutritionalTherapist&EatingPsychologycoach.Shehas16yearsclinicalexperiencehelpingclientswithawiderangeofhealthconcerns.ClaudialecturesatTheBritishCollegeofNutrition&Health,andTheNutritionalHealingFoundation.AndyYauisaTaiChiexpertandhelppeoplefindtheirflowandimprovetheirmobilitywiththisgentle,poeticformofmovement.1.WhatisGoldster?A.Asportssponsor. B.Atravelagency.C.Anonlinehealthplatform. D.Anofficialnewswebsite.2.Whatistherighttimeforlisteningtothespeechonthebasicsofmovement?A.2:00. B.2:15. C.3:15. D.3:45.3.WhatdoweknowaboutClaudialeFeuvre?A.SheisexperiencedinplayingTaiChi.B.Sheisconcernedabouthermuscleandbonehealth.C.Sheisdevotedtotreatingpatientswithmentalhealth.D.Sheisexpertindealingwithvarioushealthproblems.【答案】1.C2.B3.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了在线健康平台Goldster的相关信息。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“JoinGoldsterforafabulousfreeonlineexperienceanddiscoverhowtofeelmoreconfidentinyourfootingandpreventfalls.(加入Goldster，享受美妙的免费在线体验，并了解如何对自己的立足点更有信心并防止跌倒。)”可知，Goldster是一个提供健康相关在线活动的平台。故选C项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据Eventschedule中的“2:15-2:45pmJamesHilton,Fitnesstrainer:Thebasicsofmovementandtheplanesofmotionplussettingsomebasicmovementassessments.(下午2：15—2：45健身教练JamesHilton：运动的基础知识和运动平面，以及设置一些基本的运动评估。)”可知，关于运动基础的演讲时间是2:15。故选B项。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“ClaudialeFeuvreisaNutritionalTherapist&EatingPsychologycoach.Shehas16yearsclinicalexperiencehelpingclientswithawiderangeofhealthconcerns.(ClaudialeFeuvre是一位营养治疗师和饮食心理学教练。她拥有16年的临床经验，帮助客户解决各种健康问题。)”可知，Claudia

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Feuvre在处理各种健康问题方面很有经验。故选D项。BInAleksandra’sstudioinHaikou,thecapitalofHainan,anoilpaintingofSt.Basil’sCathedralhangsbesideaportraitcapturingthegraceofawomanfromtheLiethnicgroup,symbolizingtwodistinctaspectsoftheartist’slife.Raisedinafamilyofartists,the24-year-oldRussianwomandevelopedaprofoundloveforpaintingfromanearlyage.Sixyearsago,sherelocatedtoHainanandsetupherstudiothere.HerfascinationwithChineseculturewasbolsteredwhenshewas10yearsold.“Ipickedupthelanguagethroughtheinternet,booksandTV.IsimplyadoreChineseculture.”In2018,drivenbyherpassion,AleksandrajourneyedtoHainantostudy,whereshewascapturedbytheisland’speacefulnaturalbeautyandunhurriedpaceoflife.“It’sanincrediblybeautifulplace,andthepeoplearekind,charmingandauthenticallysimple,”shereflects.“Lifeunfoldsataleisurelypace,allowingthemtoharmonizewithnature.”LivinginHainanenableshertoimmerseherselfinnatureandhumanity,twobelovedthemesinherartwork.Thelocalpeopleandculturehavebecomeessentialtoherlifeassheandherhusband,whomshemetontheisland,haveventuredthroughitslandscapestogether.“WeventuredintotheheartofHainan.ItwasduringthesejourneysthatIfirstencounteredtheLipeople,”sherecalls.TheLibrocade(织锦)hasleftalastingimpactonher.ThistraditionaltextileoftheLiethnicgroupinHainanisregardedasa“livingfossil”ofthetextileindustry,boastingahistoryofover3,000years.“Whenyouwitnessawomanweavingthisbrocade,sheisnarratingatalepasseddownthroughgenerations,suchasthatofDalishen,theGodofStrength,watchingoverus.Itnotonlyinspiresmebutalsoempowersmetocreate,”shesays.Shestrivestocapturethecomplicatedpatternsofthebrocadeinherpaintings,weavinglocalcultureintohercreations—aprocessthathasbroughtherprofoundsatisfaction.4.WhatinspiredAleksandratosetupherstudioinHaikou?A.Herpassionforpainting. B.Thelowcostofliving.C.Herdesireforfurtherstudy. D.Thelocalsceneryandlifestyle.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“bolstered”inparagraph2probablymean?A.Fueled. B.Recovered. C.Blocked. D.Weakened.6.WhatisafeatureofAleksandra’sworks?A.Theytellfairystories. B.TheyreflectLiethnicculture.C.Theycenteronweavingtechniques. D.TheystressthehistoryoftheLipeople.7.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A.ToattractpeopletoHaikou. B.TohighlightChina’sculturaldiversity.C.Toadvertiseanartist’sworks. D.TointroduceaforeignartistinChina.【答案】4.D5.A6.B7.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了俄罗斯女画家Aleksandra受中国文化的吸引，定居在海口，在这里她深深爱上了黎族文化。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Sixyearsago,sherelocatedtoHainanandsetupherstudiothere.(六年前，她搬到海南，在那里建立了工作室。)”和“In2018,drivenbyherpassion,AleksandrajourneyedtoHainantostudy,whereshewascapturedbytheisland’speacefulnaturalbeautyandunhurriedpaceoflife.(2018年，在热情的驱使下，Aleksandra前往海南学习，在那里她被海南宁静的自然美景和悠闲的生活节奏所吸引。)”可知，海南当地的自然美景和悠闲的生活方式给她留下深刻印象，所以她决定搬到这里并成立了工作室。故选D。【5题详解】词句猜测题。根据第二段中的“Ipickedupthelanguagethroughtheinternet,booksandTV.IsimplyadoreChineseculture.(我通过互联网、书籍和电视学会了这门语言。我真的喜欢中国文化。)”可知，Aleksandra非常喜欢中国文化，结合画线词前的“HerfascinationwithChineseculture”和画线词后的“whenshewas10yearsold”可推知，在她10岁时，她对中国文化的兴趣加强了，所以她才会想要学习汉语这门语言。bolster意为“增强”，与fuel意思一致。故选A。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Shestrivestocapturethecomplicatedpatternsofthebrocadeinherpaintings,weavinglocalcultureintohercreations—aprocessthathasbroughtherprofoundsatisfaction.(她努力在画作中捕捉黎族织锦的复杂图案，将当地文化融入她的创作中——这一过程给她带来了极大的满足感。)”可知，她的画作中捕捉了黎族织锦的复杂图案，融合了黎族的文化。故选B。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“InAleksandra’sstudioinHaikou,thecapitalofHainan,anoilpaintingofSt.Basil’sCathedralhangsbesideaportraitcapturingthegraceofawomanfromtheLiethnicgroup,symbolizingtwodistinctaspectsoftheartist’slife.(在海南省会海口的Aleksandra工作室里，一幅圣巴索大教堂的油画挂在一幅描绘黎族女性优雅的肖像旁边，这象征着这位艺术家生活的两个不同方面。)”并结合下文内容可知，本文主要讲述了一位俄罗斯女画家Aleksandra受中国文化的吸引，在海口定居并成立了工作室，在这里她深深爱上了黎族文化，由此可知，本文主要是为了介绍一位在中国生活的外国艺术家。故选D。CIn2011,twostudentsfromtheUniversityofMichigandreamedofawaytobringtheDetroitcommunitytogetherwhilecreatingasustainablefoodsource.Thatyear,TysonGershandDarinMcLeskeylaunchedtheMichiganUrbanFarmingInitiative(MUFI),whichconvertedaresidentialneighborhoodinDetroit’sNorthEndintoanagriculturalwonderland,runbythecommunity,forthecommunity.Now,it’sbeenover10years,andMUFIisstillrunningstrong.Infact,theyhavegrowntobecomethefirstsustainableurban“agrihood”intheUnitedStates.Theterm,coinedin2014,referstoan“agriculturalneighborhood”inanurbansetting.Todaythereare90such“agrihoods”intheU.S.,withanother27indevelopment.MUFI’sprimaryfocushasbeentheredevelopmentofathree-acreplot,whichtheycallthe“centerofurbanagriculture.”Theirmissionistouseurbanagricultureasaplatformtopromoteeducation,sustainability,andcommunityinanefforttoempowerurbancommunities,solvemanysocialproblemsfacingDetroit,andpotentiallydevelopabroadermodelforredevelopmentforotherurbancommunities.Toaccomplishthis,theyhaveusedavarietyofcreativetechniquestotransformresidentialpropertiesintoagriculturallandscapes.Inonevideo,ontheMUFIYouTubechannel,theyshowhowtheyusedthebasementplotofadestroyedhouseasacistern(蓄水池).They’realsoworkingtoturnanoldbuildingintoabrightlycoloredcommunitycenter.BringingthecommunitytogetheristheheartofMUFI’smission.AlltheirsupportandvolunteersaresourcedfromDetroitandtheirproducegoesrightbackintothecommunity.Since2011,MUFIhasproduced50,000poundsoffoodforthepeopleofDetroit.Oncepackaged,thefoodissenttooneoffourplaces:individualhouseholds,localmarkets,restaurants,andfoodpantries.Theynotethatindividualhouseholdsareprovidedfoodona“paywhatyoucan”model.Theorganizationhasnolessthansevencommunity-orientedprojectsindevelopment.Alongsidetheiragriculturalefforts,theyhavebeenworkingtobeautifytheareawithflowergardens,andacoveredpavilion(亭子)forcommunityeventsisintheworks.Theireffortsalsoincludeaffordablehousingmadefromshippingcontainers.8.WhatcanwelearnaboutMUFIfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A.Itfocusesonresearchintoclimatechanges.B.Ithaschangedtraditionalfarmingmethods.C.Ithasgainedwiderecognitioninthecountry.D.Itwasinitiallylaunchedasauniversityproject.9.WhatisMUFIaimedat?A.Upliftingthecommunity. B.Seekingfoodsourcesforresidents.C.Redefiningurbanfarming. D.Settinganexampletoothercities.10Whatdoesparagraph4mainlyshowus?A.MUFI’sprimarymission. B.MUFI’sagriculturalefforts.C.MUFI’sfastdevelopment. D.MUFI’stechnologicalachievements.11.WhydoesMUFIadopta“paywhatyoucan”model?A.Toreducefoodwaste. B.Tomaketheirfoodaffordable.C.Toincreasetheamountofsales. D.Topromoteanewsalesstrategy.【答案】8.C9.A10.B11.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了密歇根城市农业倡议（MUFI）致力于通过创建可持续的食物来源将社区团结在一起，将居民社区打造成农业乐园。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Now,it’sbeenover10years,andMUFIisstillrunningstrong.(现在，已经过去10多年了，MUFI仍然很强大。)”和“Todaythereare90such“agrihoods”intheU.S.,withanother27indevelopment.(如今，美国有90个这样的“农业社区”，另有27个正在开发中。)”可推测出，MUFI在十多年里一直发展壮大，美国发展了许多MUFI推崇的“农业社区”，由此可见它受到了全国的广泛认可。故选C。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Theirmissionistouseurbanagricultureasaplatformtopromoteeducation,sustainability,andcommunityinanefforttoempowerurbancommunities,solvemanysocialproblemsfacingDetroit,andpotentiallydevelopabroadermodelforredevelopmentforotherurbancommunities.(他们的使命是利用城市农业作为平台，促进教育、可持续发展和社区发展，努力赋予城市社区权力，解决底特律面临的许多社会问题，并潜在地为其他城市社区开发更广泛的重建模式。)”可推测出，MUFI致力于通过农业改善社区状况，促进社区的发展。故选A。【10题详解】主旨大意题。根据第四段“Toaccomplishthis,theyhaveusedavarietyofcreativetechniquestotransformresidentialpropertiesintoagriculturallandscapes.Inonevideo,ontheMUFIYouTubechannel,theyshowhowtheyusedthebasementplotofadestroyedhouseasacistern(蓄水池).They’realsoworkingtoturnanoldbuildingintoabrightlycoloredcommunitycenter.(为了实现这一目标，他们使用了各种创造性的技巧，将住宅物业改造成农业景观。在MUFIYouTube频道的一段视频中，他们展示了如何将一座被毁房屋的地下室用作蓄水池。他们还在努力把一座旧建筑变成一个色彩鲜艳的社区中心。)”可知，本段主要介绍了他们如何利用各种创造性的技巧将住宅区改造成农业景观，这展示了MUFI在农业上所作出的努力。故选B。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段中的“Theynotethatindividualhouseholdsareprovidedfoodona“paywhatyoucan”model.(他们指出，每个家庭都按照“尽你所能付费”的模式获得食物。)”可知，“paywhatyoucan”指的是能付多少钱，就付多少钱，由此可推测出，MUFI采用这样的模式为家庭提供食物，是为了让每个家庭都能负担得起，从而造福社区的所有人。故选B。DAJapanesecompanyhasdevelopedanartificialintelligencefilter(变声器)thatcandetectangryscreamsandtranslatethemintocalmspeechinordertoreducethestressexperiencedbycallcenteroperators.Largetechcompanieshavelongbeenawareofthestresstheircallcenteroperatorsareexposedtoeverysingleday,withmanycustomerstakingouttheirangerandfrustrationsonthem.Someofthemhaveevenintroducedstressmanagementprogramsthatincluderelaxationtechniques,meditation,yoga,ortherapymeanttoirritabilityandanxiety.However,oneJapanesecompanymayhavecomeupwithamuchmoreefficientsolution—usingAItocompletelytakescreamingandaggressivespeechoutoftheequation.SoftBankclaimstohavespentthreeyearscreatingavoicefilterthatdetectsscreamingandautomaticallytranslatesitintocalmspeech.SoftBank’svoicefilterconsistsoftwostages,oneinwhichtheAIidentifiesanangryvoiceandextractskeypointsofspeech,andasecondwhereitusesacoustic(声学)toolstotransformitintoamorenatural,evenpolitetone.Interestingly,thefilterdoesn’tchangeanyofthewordsspokenbytheperson,butsignificantlysoftenstheintonation.Thecallcenteroperatorwillstillhearanyinsults(辱骂)uttered,onlyinasofttone,whichshouldhelpreducetheirstressandanxiety.TotraintheAI,SoftBank’sengineersasked10actorstorecordatleast100commonphrasesincludingscreams,accusations,threats,anddemandsforanapology.Intotal,morethan10,000piecesofvoicedatawereusedtotraintheAIfilter.It’sunclearwhenSoftBankplanstoapplythenewscream-filteringAIinitscallcenters,butitwillbeinterestingtoseehowwellitworksandhowitimpactstheemotionalwell-beingofoperators.12.WhyhasSoftBankinventedthevoicefilter?A.Totranslatecalmspeech. B.Toimproveworkefficiency.C.Torelievetheoperators’pressure. D.Tointroducerelaxationtechniques.13.WhatcanbeconcludedabouttheAIfilter?A.Itchangestheinsultwordsofcustomers.B.Itreducesstressbyremovinganyinsults.C.Itmakestheoperatorsheartheangrywordsinasofttone.D.Ittransformskeypointsofspeechintoamorepolitetone.14.WhatdidtheengineersdototraintheAIfilter?A.Theyrecordedactors’softvoices. B.Theycompareddifferentvoicedata.C.Theyanalyzedreasonsforbadmoods. D.Theycollecteddataofangryvoices.15.Howdoestheauthorfeelaboutthefilter’sfuture?A.Hopeful. B.Doubtful. C.Disappointed. D.Confident.【答案】12.C13.C14.D15.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了一家日本公司研发出了一款人工智能变声器，可以检测出愤怒的尖叫声并将其转化为语调温柔的声音，从而减轻呼叫中心操作员所面临的压力。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“AJapanesecompanyhasdevelopedanartificialintelligencefilter(变声器)thatcandetectangryscreamsandtranslatethemintocalmspeechinordertoreducethestressexperiencedbycallcenteroperators.(一家日本公司开发了一种人工智能变声器，可以检测愤怒的尖叫声并将其翻译成平静的语音，以减轻呼叫中心操作员面临的压力。)”和第二段中的“However,oneJapanesecompanymayhavecomeupwithamuchmoreefficientsolution—usingAItocompletelytakescreamingandaggressivespeechoutoftheequation.SoftBankclaimstohavespentthreeyearscreatingavoicefilterthatdetectsscreamingandautomaticallytranslatesitintocalmspeech.(然而，一家日本公司可能已经提出了一种更有效的解决方案——使用人工智能完全消除尖叫和攻击性言论。SoftBank声称花了三年时间创建了一个语音过滤器，可以检测尖叫并自动将其翻译成平静的语音。)”可知，SoftBank发明人工智能变声器是为了缓解呼叫中心操作员的压力。故选C。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Interestingly,thefilterdoesn’tchangeanyofthewordsspokenbytheperson,butsignificantlysoftenstheintonation.Thecallcenteroperatorwillstillhearanyinsults(辱骂)uttered,onlyinasofttone,whichshouldhelpreducetheirstressandanxiety.(有趣的是，变声器不会改变这个人说的任何词，但会显著软化语调。呼叫中心操作员仍然会听到别人讲出的任何辱骂，只是用柔和的语气，这应该有助于减轻他们的压力和焦虑。)”可知，人工智能变声器可以让呼叫中心操作员听到用柔和的语气讲出的生气话语。故选C。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“TotraintheAI,SoftBank’sengineersasked10actorstorecordatleast100commonphrasesincludingscreams,accusations,threats,anddemandsforanapology.Intotal,morethan10,000piecesofvoicedatawereusedtotraintheAIfilter.(为了训练人工智能，SoftBank的工程师要求10名演员录制至少100个常见短语，包括尖叫、指控、威胁和道歉要求。总共使用了10000多条语音数据来训练人工智能变声器。)”可知，工程师为了训练人工智能变声器，他们收集了生气声音的语音数据。故选D。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“It’sunclearwhenSoftBankplanstoapplythenewscream-filteringAIinitscallcenters,butitwillbeinterestingtoseehowwellitworksandhowitimpactstheemotionalwell-beingofoperators.(目前尚不清楚SoftBank计划何时在其呼叫中心应用新的人工智能尖叫变声器，但看看它的工作效果如何以及它如何影响操作员的情绪健康将会很有趣。)”可知，虽然不知道这款人工智能变声器何时投入使用，但作者认为看看它的工作效果以及对操作员情绪的影响力会很有趣，由此可推测出，作者对这款人工智能变声器怀有期待。故选A。第二节（共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Adietplanisaregulatedeatingstrategyusedbypeoplewhoneedspecialdietaryrestrictions.Regulatingwhatapersoncatscanallowforthatpersontogetallofhisorhernocturnalrequirementswithouteatingunnecessaryfoods.___16___Oneofthemostcommonreasonsforplannedeatinginvolvesweightlossorchangesinbodyfat.____17____Forexample,drinkingonlylemonadeasadietplanwillcertainlymakeapersonloseweightbutitwillnotsupportthebody’sneedsforverylong.Ontheotherhand,eatingspecialplannedmealsdesignedwithbalancednutritionandlowcaloriesisasustainabledietplanthatcanevolvewiththeneedsoftheindividualovertime.____18____Somepeople,forexample,cannottoleratemilkbutstillneedtoconsumeasufficientamountofcalcium(钙).Specialdietarychangescanaccommodateissueslikethis.Moredifficultdietplansmightaddressgluten(谷蛋白)intoleranceoraninabilitytocatmeat.Adietplanmaybeessentialtolifeforpeoplewithcertainhealthrisksanddisorders.Peoplewhoarediabeticmustcarefullymonitorwhattheycutinordertostayalive,andplanningcanhelpwiththisproblem.Forthosewhosufferfromhighcholesterolorstomachillnesses,aspecificdietplancanbelife-savinginthelongterm.____19____Theproblemwithchoosingadietplanisthattherearemanydifferentviewsonwhatisandisnothealthyinadiet.____20____Thisdiet,whichincludesmanyfoodsthatmostpeoplewouldconsiderunhealthy,however,ispopularwithinaculturethatemphasizeswalking,andslowmeals,whichresultsinpeoplewhoarethinneronaverage.Forthisreason,itisimportanttoconsidertheactivitiesandlifestylesurroundingthatdiet.A.However,noteverydietwillworkforeveryperson.B.OneofthemostfamousexamplesisthetypicalFrenchdiet.C.Othertypesofdietplansaddressspecificallergiesorintolerances.D.Therearefitnessappsthatmakeiteasytomanageyourmealplans.E.Likewise,dietplanscanhelpstayawayfromproblematicdietareas.F.Therearemanydifferentdietplansofthistypeandnotallofthemarehealthy.G.Evenpeoplemerelygettingoldercanbenefitfromadietplandesignedtoextendlife.【答案】16.E17.F18.C19.G20.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了计划饮食，包括饮食计划对有特殊饮食限制人群的意义，如满足营养需求、实现减肥或改变体脂、解决特殊过敏或不耐受问题、对有健康风险和疾病的人至关重要等，同时也提到选择计划饮食存在不同观点，且要考虑相关生活方式等因素。【16题详解】根据前文“Regulatingwhatapersoneatscanallowforthatpersontogetallofhisorhernocturnalrequirementswithouteatingunnecessaryfoods.(调节一个人吃什么可以让那个人在不吃不必要的食物的情况下获得他或她的所有夜间需求。)”可知，饮食计划可以对此有所帮助。与E项“Likewise,dietplanscanhelpstayawayfromproblematicdietareas.(同样，饮食计划可以帮助远离有问题的饮食领域。)。”上下文一致，符合语境。故选E项。【17题详解】根据下文“Forexample,drinkingonlylemonadeasadietplanwillcertainlymakeapersonloseweightbutitwillnotsupportthebody’sneedsforverylong.(例如，只喝柠檬水作为计划饮食肯定会使一个人减肥，但它不会长时间支持身体的需求。)”可知，饮食计划并不是所有的都是健康的。与F项“Therearemanydifferentdietplansofthistypeandnotallofthemarehealthy.(这种类型的饮食计划有很多不同的，但并非所有计划都是健康的。)”上下文一致，承上启下符合语境。故选F项。【18题详解】根据下文“Somepeople,forexample,cannottoleratemilkbutstillneedtoconsumeasufficientamountofcalcium.(例如，有些人不能耐受牛奶，但仍需要摄入足够的钙。)”可知，本段讲述其他类型的饮食计划解决特定的过敏或不耐受问题。与C项“Othertypesofdietplansaddressspecificallergiesorintolerances.(其他类型的饮食计划解决特定的过敏或不耐受问题。)”上下文一致，符合语境。故选C项。【19题详解】根据前文“Adietplanmaybeessentialtolifeforpeoplewithcertainhealthrisksanddisorders.(对于有某些健康风险和疾病的人来说，饮食计划可能对生活至关重要。)”可知，饮食计划是有好处的，与G项“Evenpeoplemerelygettingoldercanbenefitfromadietplandesignedtoextendlife.(即使是仅仅变老的人也可以从旨在延长寿命的计划饮食中受益。)”上下文一致，首尾呼应。故选G项。【20题详解】根据下文“Thisdiet,whichincludesmanyfoodsthatmostpeoplewouldconsiderunhealthy,however,ispopularwithinaculturethatemphasizeswalking,andslowmeals,whichresultsinpeoplewhoarethinneronaverage.(然而，这种饮食包括许多大多数人认为不健康的食物，在强调步行和慢餐的文化中很受欢迎，这会导致人们平均更瘦。)”可知，此处介绍的是某一种饮食计划，与B项“OneofthemostfamousexamplesisthetypicalFrenchdiet.(最著名的例子之一是典型的法国饮食。)”上下文一致，符合语境。故选B项。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。Inaheartwarmingreunion,PatrickMoriarty,aretiredscienceteacherfromNewYork,fulfilledapromisehemadetohisstudentsdecadesagobywatchingthe2024solareclipse(日食)together.Backin1978,whileteachinghis“EarthScience”class,Moriarty____21____worksheetsdetailingthetrajectories(轨迹)ofupcomingeclipses.Highlightingtheone____22____topassneartheirhometown,Moriartydeclaredtohisstudents,“____23____thatoneonApril8,2024.We’regoingtogettogetheronthatday.”Hisstudentslaughedatthethought,findingit____24____tounderstandsuchadistantfutureevent.Nevertheless,Moriartypersisted,remindingallofhisstudentsto____25____theircalendarsforthegathering.Twoyearsago,Moriarty,____26____aFacebookeventandreachedouttohisformerstudents.Tohissurprise,hundredsrespondedwith____27____,expressinginterestinjoiningthe____28____.AsApril8,2024approached,about100ofMoriarty’sformerstudents____29____athishome.Emotionsranhighas______30______facesfromtheirjuniorhighdaysreconnected.Moriartysaid,“Whentheywerewalkingup,Icould______31______seetheirlittleninthgradefaces.”FormerstudentKevinThompson______32______Moriarty’scommitment,describingthepromiseas“the______33______homeworkassignmentinthehistoryofanyteacher.”Asthespectacle(奇观)______34______,surroundedbythewarmthofsharedmemories,laughter,andfriendship,Moriartyproposedanotherreunionintwodecadesforthenextsolareclipse.The______35______broughtlaughter,makingthemrememberthesamejoyfrom1978.21.A.printed B.distributed C.collected D.delivered22.A.needed B.allowed C.intended D.expected23.A.Change B.Remove C.Circle D.Approach24.A.challenging B.interesting C.unacceptable D.reasonable25.A.mark B.keep C.change D.design26.A.attended B.imagined C.created D.witnessed27.A.pride B.curiosity C.determination D.enthusiasm28.A.class B.reunion C.group D.community29.A.gotaround B.settleddown C.showedup D.brokein30.A.diverse B.friendly C.young D.familiar31.A.hardly B.already C.still D.ever32.A.reflectedon B.struggledagainst C.tookto D.preparedfor33.A.hardest B.longest C.strangest D.funniest34.A.unfolded B.decreased C.struck D.existed35.A.prediction B.declaration C.solution D.suggestion【答案】21.B22.D23.C24.A25.A26.C27.D28.B29.C30.D31.C32.A33.B34.A35.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲述了一位退休的科学教师PatrickMoriarty完成了自己数十年前的承诺，和自己的学生重聚在一起观看2024年的日食。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：早在1978年，Moriarty在教授“地球科学”课程时，就分发了详细描述即将到来的日食轨迹的进度表。A.printed打印；B.distributed分发；C.collected收集；D.delivered交付，运载。根据空后的“worksheetsdetailingthetrajectories(轨迹)ofupcomingeclipses”并结合常识可知，作为一名老师，Moriarty给学生分发了关于日食轨迹的进度表。故选B。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Moriarty强调了预计会经过他们家乡附近的一次日食，向他的学生们宣布，“圈出在2024年4月8日的那个日食。我们将在那一天相聚。”A.needed需要；B.allowed允许；C.intended打算，计划；D.expected预计，预期。根据上文中的“worksheetsdetailingthetrajectories(轨迹)ofupcomingeclipses”可知，他发的表上是关于即将到来的日食信息，所以这里是说他强调了预计会经过他们家乡附近的日食。故选D。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意参考上题。A.Change改变；B.Remove移除；C.Circle圈出；D.Approach靠近。根据空后的“thatoneonApril8,2024”可知，Moriarty让学生们在表上圈出2024年4月8日的那个日食。故选C。【24题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他的学生们嘲笑这个想法，觉得理解如此遥远的未来事件很有挑战性。A.challenging挑战性的；B.interesting有趣的；C.unacceptable不能接受的；D.reasonable合理的。根据空后的“tounderstandsuchadistantfutureevent”并结合常识可知，在1978年约定将在2024年一起观看日食，学生们觉得理解这么遥远的事件很有挑战。故选A。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管如此，Moriarty还是坚持了下来，提醒他的所有学生在日历上标记这次聚会。A.mark做标记；B.keep保持；C.change改变；D.design设计。根据空后的“theircalendarsforthegathering”可知，这里指在日历上标记这次聚会。故选A。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：两年前，Moriarty在脸书上创建了一个活动，并联系了他以前的学生。A.attended出席；B.imagined想象；C.created创建；D.witnessed目睹。根据空后的“aFacebookevent”可知，他在脸书上创建了一个活动。故选C。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：令他惊讶的是，数百人热情回应，表示有兴趣参加这次聚会。A.pride骄傲；B.curiosity好奇心；C.determination决心；D.enthusiasm热情。根据“expressinginterestinjoiningthe____8____”可知，数百人表示有兴趣参加，所以他们热情地回复了Moriarty。故选D。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意参考上题。A.class班级；B.reunion团聚，聚会；C.group团体；D.community社区。根据第一段中的“Inaheartwarmingreunion”和第二段中的“thegathering”可知，这里指老师和学生们约定