河南省TOP名校2024届高三下学期冲刺考试英语试题（二）（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1河南省TOP名校2024届高三下学期冲刺考试英语试题（二）第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.WhowillhaveabirthdaynextThursday?A.Kate. B.Bob. C.Mary.〖答案〗C【原文】W:Bob,we’regoingtohaveasurprisecelebrationforMarynextThursday.It’sherbirthday.Doyouwanttojoinus?M:Cool!IbetIcanbepresentontime,Kate.2.WhathappenedtoMike?A.Hewenttothebank.B.Heranoutofthe$800.C.Hegothisclothesburned.〖答案〗B【原文】M:Betty,I’mdelightedtotellyouIwon$800!W:Wonderful!Mike,butyou’dbettersavesomeofit.M:Save?Ispentit.Itwasburningaholeinmypocket.3.Whatdidthemandojustnowprobably?A.Hewenttohospital. B.Hehelpedanoldman. C.Hewaitedforthewoman.〖答案〗C【原文】M:Lily!Wherehaveyoubeen?Weweresupposedtomeetonehourago.W:Sorry,Jim.Anoldmanwaslyingonthegroundandhadaheartattack.Iofferedtopickhimuptothehospital.4.Wherearethespeakers?A.Atastore. B.Atahotel. C.Ataschool.〖答案〗B【原文】M:WhatcanIdoforyou?W:It’sfreezingcoldinmyroom.CouldIhaveanotherblanket?M:Sure.Ourroomservicewillsendittoyourroominafewminutes.5.Howwillthewomaninterviewthepainter?A.Inperson. B.Byemail. C.Onthetelephone.〖答案〗C【原文】W:Anothertask...Itisuptometointerviewasuitablepainterfortheschoolmagazine.M:That’sgreat!Willyoumeetthepainterinperson?W:No,it’llbeonthephone.I’vealreadycontactedherbyemail.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。6.Whatkindofdrinkwouldthewomanlike?A.Coffee. B.Orangejuice. C.Tea.7.Whatisthemanprobably?A.Awaiter. B.Abaker. C.Adeliveryman.〖答案〗6.A7.A【原文】M:Whatwouldyouliketoorder,madam?W:Well,I’llhavesoup,steakandachickensalad.M:Whatkindofsoupwouldyoulike?W:Tomatosoup,please.M:Howdoyouwantyoursteak,rare,mediumorwell-done?W:I’dlikeitmedium.M:Noproblem,madam.Anythingtodrink?Wehavecoffee,teaandorangejuice.W:Acupofcoffee.Iwantitservedwiththemeal.M:OK.Whatwouldyoulikefordessert?W:Orangeicecream,please.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。8.Whatdidtheboythinkofthecarjourney?A.Tiring. B.Unsatisfied. C.Comfortable.9.Howdidtheboyandhisbrothergotothelocalshop?A.Bybike. B.Onfoot. C.Bycar.〖答案〗8.C9.A【原文】W:Hi,Tom,whatdoyouthinkofyourtrip?M:Great!Iwenttoalakesidehousewithmyfamily.W:Howdidyougetthere?M:Mydadvolunteeredtodriveus—finebymeasIlovelongcarjourneys,buthefoundittiring.Anyway,I’dbeenwonderinghowsomanyofuswouldfitintothehousewithalotofluggage.IneedmyownquietplacesometimessothatIcanthinkandread.W:Oh,terrible.M:Butitwasn’taproblemintheendaswehadcomfortablebedroomstospare.Theonlyrealproblemwashowfarwewerefromthelocalshop.Gettingthereturnedouttobethejobofmybrotherandme—onbicycles!听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。10.10.Howlonghasthewomanbeentryingtoloseweight?A.Foraweek. B.Forthreeweeks. C.Foramonth.11.Whyisthewomaneagertoloseweight?A.Forherwedding. B.Forherbeauty. C.Forherhealth.12.Whatdoesthemanadvisethewomantodo?A.Controlherdiet. B.Dosomeexercise. C.Starveherself.13.Whatdoesthemanthinkofthewoman’splan?A.Creative. B.Exciting. C.Impractical.〖答案〗10.A11.B12.A13.C【原文】W:Tellyou!I’vebeenstarvingmyselfforaweeknow,butIhaven’tlostapound.M:Doyouattempttoloseweight?W:That’strue.Myfriendisgettingmarriednextmonth,andI’msupposedtobeabridesmaid.Iwanttolooknice,butIhaven’tlostanyweight.M:Youdon’thavetostarveyourselftoloseweight.W:Why?M:Youshouldtrynottoeatfoodshighincalories.Andstayawayfromoilyfood.W:SoyoumeanthatIshouldeat,butIshouldjustwatchwhatIeat,right?M:Yes.Youcanalsotrychickenorfishtoincreaseyourprotein.W:IfIdoallthis,doyouthinkIcanlosetwentypoundsinthreeweeks?M:Don’tcountonit.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。14.What’soneofthepurposesofholdingtheSandSculptureFestival?A.Tocelebrateaholiday.B.Topromotetourism.C.Toenrichstudents’lives.15.Whendidthefestivalstart?A.OnMay7th. B.OnMay10th. C.OnMay14th.16.Whichsculpturewonfirstplace?A.Anexcellentgorillasculpture.B.Alibraryandculturalcentersculpture.C.Aturtlesculpturewithacastleonitsback.17.WhatistherelationshipbetweenMohamedEhabandNancyKhaled?A.Hostandguest. B.Guideandtourist. C.Schoolmates.〖答案〗14.B15.A16.B17.C【原文】M:Lydia,doyouknowtheSandSculptureFestivalinAlexandria,Egypt?W:Sure,thefour-dayAlexandriaSandSculptureFestivalwasheldtopromotetourismandencourageyoungtalents.ItconcludedontheeveningofMay10th.M:Wasitreallyinteresting?W:Yeah,therewerethirteenparticipants.MohamedEhabfromAlexandriaUniversitywonfirstplace.HissculptureshowedamainlibraryandculturalcenterinAlexandria.M:That’sfantastic.Canyoutellmemore?W:Ofcourse.NancyKhaled,alsofromAlexandriaUniversity,wonsecondplacewithherturtlesculpturewithacastleonitsback.Thethird-placewinnerfromMatrouhUniversitysharedherexcellentbutdifficultexperiencewhilemakinghergorillasculpture.M:That’sanicefestival.W:True.Theeventenrichedstudents’livesandalsoattractedalotofvisitors.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。18.HowlongdoChinstrappenguinssleepatatime?A.Foraboutfourseconds.B.Foraroundelevenhours.C.Foraweek.19.WhatmakesNielsfeelsurprised?A.Penguinshavenoabilitytofly.B.Chinstrappenguinsmakeitwithmicro-sleeps.C.Femalepenguinsgoofffishingforfamilymeals.20.Whatdoesthespeakermainlytalkabout?A.Varietiesofpenguins.B.Researchesintosleep.C.Chinstrappenguins’lifestyle.〖答案〗18.A19.B20.C【原文】W:Penguinsarebirdsthatcannotflybutusetheirwingsforswimming.TheyliveinorneartheAntarctic.ResearchersrecentlyfoundthatChinstrappenguinsonlysleepforaboutfoursecondsatatimeinordertoprotecttheireggsandnewbornchicks.Theydothisthousandsoftimesthroughouttheday.Theshortmicro-sleepstotalaround11hourseachday.Themicro-sleepsappeartobeenoughtokeeptheparentsgoingformanyweeks.NielsRattenborg,asleepresearcher,said“Theireyesopenandshut,andtheydoit24/7forseveralweeksatatime.What’ssurprisingisthatthey’reabletofunctionokayandsuccessfullyraisetheiryoung,”ChinstrappenguinsusuallylaytheireggsinNovemberinnestsmadeupofsmallrocks.Matedpairsshareparentingresponsibilities.Oneparentusuallywatchestheeggsandchicksalonewhiletheothergoesofffishingforfamilymeals.Adultpenguinsdonotfacemanynaturalenemiesinthematingseason.Butlargebirdscalledbrownskuaseatthepenguineggsandsmallchicks.Otheradultpenguinsmayalsotrytostealthesmallrocksfromnests.So,penguinparentsmustalwaysbeonguard.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AWorldHealthOrganization(WHO)acknowledgestheneedsforastrongworkforcetoachievethevisionofimprovingthehealthandwell-beingofpeopleeverywhere.Eachday，ourteamsmeettheemergingchallengesinalltheareasoftheorganization，fromseniorleaderstoemergencyadministrationstaff，andfromhealthspecialiststodatamanagers.PublichealthWeareproudofourpublichealthexperts.Theyareresults-orientedanddriveprogrammesinallareasofhealthandemergencies.Theyareflexibleandworkattheregional，countryandheadquarterslevelstoachievethehigheststandardsofhealththroughevidence-basedprogrammesandgoals.LeadershipWHO’spillarofaccountabilityisheldbyseniorleadershiproles.Theyareourdrivingforceandourfacetothepublic.TheyarecommittedtoupholdingWHO’sroleinourchangingworldandinspiringthenextgenerationofleaders.Thestrongerourleaders，thehealthierourworldwillbe.OperationsOuradministrationisdedicatedtobusinessstrategyandinnovativepractices.WHOrecognizestheimportanceofastrongmanagementadministrationstructure，committedtoenablingpeopletoworktothebestoftheirabilityandoptimizingtheresourcesavailablethroughouttheorganization.EmergencyAtanyonetime，theWHOworkforceisactivelyrespondingtodozensofinfectiousdiseaseoutbreaksandnaturaldisastersaroundtheworld.WHOstaffhaveanessentialroletoplayinsupportingMemberStatestopreparefor，respondtoandrecoverfromemergencieswithpublichealthconsequences.21.FromwhichareacanthereadersknowaboutWHO’sstructure?A.Operations. B.Leadership.C.Emergency. D.Publichealth.22.WhatcanthereadersdointheareaofEmergency?A.Befamiliarwiththehighestgoal.B.Callforhelptosurviveintheflood.C.Submitapreparedbusinessplan.D.Makeanappointmentwithdirectors.23.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthetext?A.Toadvertise. B.Toentertain.C.Toinstruct. D.Toargue.〖答案〗21.D22.B23.C【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。本文是关于世界卫生组织的介绍，分为四个部分：公共卫生、领导力、运营和紧急情况。文章概述了WHO在不同领域的工作重点和目标。【21题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“fromseniorleaderstoemergencyadministrationstaff,andfromhealthspecialiststodatamanagers.(从高级领导到紧急管理部门员工，从健康专家到数据管理员)”可知，WHO的结构包括从高级领导到紧急行政人员，以及从卫生专家到数据管理者。因此，了解WHO结构的相关信息可以在Publichealth部分找到，故选D项。【22题详析】细节理解题。根据“Emergency”部分的“Atanyonetime,theWHOworkforceisactivelyrespondingtodozensofinfectiousdiseaseoutbreaksandnaturaldisastersaroundtheworld.WHOstaffhaveanessentialroletoplayinsupportingMemberStatestopreparefor,respondtoandrecoverfromemergencieswithpublichealthconsequences.(在任何时候，世卫组织工作人员都在积极应对世界各地数十起传染病爆发和自然灾害。世卫组织工作人员在支持会员国准备、应对和从具有公共卫生后果的紧急情况中恢复方面发挥着至关重要的作用)”可知，在“Emergency”这个领域，读者可以在遇到洪水等灾害时寻求帮助。故选B项。【23题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段“WorldHealthOrganization(WHO)acknowledgestheneedsforastrongworkforcetoachievethevisionofimprovingthehealthandwell-beingofpeopleeverywhere.Eachday,ourteamsmeettheemergingchallengesinalltheareasoftheorganization,fromseniorleaderstoemergencyadministrationstaff,andfromhealthspecialiststodatamanagers.(世界卫生组织认识到，为了实现改善全球人民健康与福祉的愿景，需要一支强大的劳动力。每天，我们的团队都在组织的各个层面迎接新的挑战，从高级领导到紧急管理部门员工，再到健康专家和数据管理员)”以及“Publichealth(公共卫生)”、Leadership(领导机构)”、“Operations(运营机构)”等可知，文章主要介绍了世卫组织的不同领域及其职责，包括公共卫生、领导、运营和应急等，目的是指导人们了解世卫组织的相关情况。故选C项。BInaheart-poundingdisplayofcourageandquickthinking,a65-year-oldcraneoperatorbecameanunexpectedheroasherescuedamantrappedontopofatoweringbuildingengulfedinflames.GlenEdwards,acraneoperatorfromEgham,wasexpressinghisgratitudeafteratenserescueoperationinReadinglastThursday.Edwardsfoundhimselfinachallengingsituationashenavigatedcirclingwindstosaveamantrappedbysmokeandflamesonabuilding.Thedramaticrescueunfoldedamidthickblacksmoke,makingvisibilitynearlyimpossibleWhenthealarmsounded,Edwards,whohadaconcreteskiponhiscrane,wastednotimethemomenthespottedthedistressedmanwavinghiscoat.Employinghisexperienceandknowledgeofthearea,Edwardsattachedametalcagetothecrane,carefullyconsideringhisoptionsfortherescue.However,thechallengingconditions,withsmokeshelteringhisview,addedanextralayerofdifficultytotheoperation.Withacolleagueprovidingguidanceandaconcernedcrowdwatchingfrombelow,Edwardsskillfullyoperatedthecranetorescuetheman.Theonlookerseruptedincheersandapplauseasthemanwassafelyliftedtotheground.Reflectingontheintenseexperience,Edwardsremarked,“Itseemedtopassalongtimeuntilthemangotinside.Theadrenaline(肾上腺素)waspumping.”Headmittedtoexperiencingshakingaftertherescue,emphasizingthegravityofthesituation.Despitethesuccessfuloperation,Edwardsisyettomeetthemanhesaved,humorouslynoting,“He’sgottotakemeacrosstheroadforadrink!”TheheartwarmingpartofthisstoryistheoverwhelmingsupportEdwardshasreceivedfromwell-wishers.Afund-raisingpagewassetupto“buyEdwardsabeerasasignofgratitude,”initiallyaimingfor£5,000butnowstandingatanimpressive₤9,100.Thecommunity’sresponsehasleftEdwardsdeeplymoved.Hestated,“Itmeansalot;someofthecommentshavebeenabsolutelyfantastic.”24.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“distressed”inparagraph3probablymean?A.Brave.B.Painful.C.Enthusiastic.D.Disappointed.25.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeEdwards?A.WarmandCurious. B.Caringandambitious.C.Professionalandhumorous. D.Giftedandgenerous.26.Whatcanweconcludefromthelastparagraph?A.Sharptoolsmakegoodwork.B.Onegoodturndescriesanother.C.Actionsspeaklouderthanwords.D.Hopeforthebest,butpreparefortheworst.27.Whatisthetextprobablytakenfrom?A.Adiaryentry.B.Amedicalmagazine.C.Anewsreport.D.Afirst-aidessay.〖答案〗24.B25.C26.B27.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了起重机操作员GlenEdwards拯救了一名被困在失火的高楼楼顶的男子，后来他自己也得到了社区人们的筹款和大力支持。【24题详析】词句猜测题。根据第一段“Inaheart-poundingdisplayofcourageandquickthinking,a65-year-oldcraneoperatorbecameanunexpectedheroasherescuedamantrappedontopofatoweringbuildingengulfedinflames.(一位65岁的起重机操作员以惊人的勇气和敏捷的思维，救出了一名被困在被大火吞噬的高耸建筑顶部的男子，成为了一位意想不到的英雄)”以及第二段“Edwardsfoundhimselfinachallengingsituationashenavigatedcirclingwindstosaveamantrappedbysmokeandflamesonabuilding.(爱德华兹发现自己处于一个充满挑战的境地，他在盘旋的风中拯救了一名被烟雾和火焰困在建筑物上的男子)”可知，这名男子被困在火中，结合常识可知，被困在火中的人会感觉痛苦，划线词distressed表示“痛苦的”，与painful意义相近。故选B项。【25题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段“Employinghisexperienceandknowledgeofthearea,Edwardsattachedametalcagetothecrane,carefullyconsideringhisoptionsfortherescue.(利用他在该地区的经验和知识，爱德华兹在起重机上安装了一个金属笼，仔细考虑了他的救援选择)”、第四段“Edwardsskillfullyoperatedthecranetorescuetheman.(爱德华兹熟练地操作起重机营救了这名男子)”以及第六段“Despitethesuccessfuloperation,Edwardsisyettomeetthemanhesaved,humorouslynoting,“He’sgottotakemeacrosstheroadforadrink!”(尽管手术成功了，爱德华兹还没有见到他救的那个人，他幽默地说：“他要带我过马路去喝一杯！”)”可推知，爱德华兹具备专业技能，并且具有幽默感。故选C项。【26题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“TheheartwarmingpartofthisstoryistheoverwhelmingsupportEdwardshasreceivedfromwell-wishers.Afund-raisingpagewassetupto“buyEdwardsabeerasasignofgratitude,”initiallyaimingfor£5,000butnowstandingatanimpressive₤9,100.Thecommunity’sresponsehasleftEdwardsdeeplymoved.Hestated,“Itmeansalot;someofthecommentshavebeenabsolutelyfantastic.”(这个故事的感人之处在于爱德华兹得到了来自祝福者的巨大支持。设立了一个筹款页面，“给爱德华兹买一杯啤酒以示感谢”，最初的目标是5000英镑，但现在达到了令人印象深刻的9100英镑。社区的反应让爱德华兹深受感动。他说：“这意味着很多；有些评论非常棒。”)”可知，做了好事的爱德华兹得到了社区人们的筹款和大力支持。由此推知，好人有好报。故选B项。【27题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段“GlenEdwards,acraneoperatorfromEgham,wasexpressinghisgratitudeafteratenserescueoperationinReadinglastThursday.(来自埃格姆的起重机操作员格伦·爱德华兹在上周四雷丁紧张的救援行动后表达了他的感激之情)”以及文章内容可知，本文报道了起重机操作员GlenEdwards拯救了一名被困在失火的高楼楼顶的男子，后来他自己也得到了社区人们的筹款和大力支持。由此推知，文章出自一篇新闻报道。故选C项。CNoonecanentirelypredictwheretheartificialintelligence(AI)industryistakingeveryone,butatleasttheAIisreadytoreliablytellyouwhattheweatherwillbelikewhenyougetthere.AccordingtoapaperpublishedinScience,anew,AI-powered10-dayclimateforecastingprogramcalledGraphCastisalreadyoutperformingexistingpredictiontoolsnearlyeverytime.DevelopedbyLam,oneGraphCastteammember,andcolleaguesatGoogleDPMD,thetechnologycompany’sAIresearchdivision,GraphCastistrainedondecadesofhistoricweatherinformationalongsideroughly40yearsofsatellite,weatherstation,andradarreanalysis.Thisstandsinsharpcontrasttowhatareknownasnumericalweatherprediction(NWP)models,whichtraditionallyusemassiveamountsofdataconcerningthermodynamics,fluiddynamics,andotheratmosphericsciences.Allthosedatarequireintensecomputingpower.Ontopofallthat,NWPmodelsareslow—takinghoursforhundredsofmachineswithinasupercomputertoproducetheir10-dayforecasts.GraphCast,meanwhile,offershighlyaccurate,mediumrangeclimaticpredictionsinlessthanaminute,allthroughjustoneofGoogle’sAI-poweredmachinelearningtensorprocessingunit(TPU)machines.Duringacomprehensiveperformanceevaluationagainsttheindustry-standardNWPsystem—theHigh-ResolutionForecast(HRES)—GraphCastprovedmoreaccurateinover90percentoftests.WhenlimitingthescopetoonlytheEarth’stroposphere,thelowestpartoftheatmosphereandhometomostnoticeableweatherevents,GraphCastbeatHRESinanastounding99.7percentoftestvariables.“PioneeringtheuseofAIinweatherforecastingwillbenefitbillionsofpeopleintheireverydaylives,”Lamsaid.HenotedGraphCast’spotentialvitalimportanceamidincreasinglydestroyingeventsresultingfromclimatebreakdown.“Predictingextremetemperaturesisofgrowingimportanceinourwarmingworld,”Lamcontinued.“GraphCastcancharacterizewhentheheatissettoriseabovethehistoricaltoptemperaturesforanygivenlocationonEarth.Thisisparticularlyusefulinanticipatingheatwaves，disruptiveanddangerouseventsthatarebecomingincreasinglycommon.”28.WhatisspecialaboutGraphCast?A.Itistime-honored. B.Itisfastandaccurate.C.Itisnumericalandreliable. D.Itisbasedonatmosphericdata.29.WhichisthekeytothesuccessofGraphCast?A.NWP. B.DPMD. C.HRES. D.TPU.30.Howdoestheauthormainlydevelopthetext?A.Bymakingcomparisons.B.Byanalyzingrelateddata.C.Byquotinganexpert’swords.D.Bydescribingstudyprocesses.31.WhatisLam’sattitudetowardsGraphCast?A.Uncertain. B.Indifferent. C.Positive. D.Cautious.〖答案〗28.B29.D30.A31.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一个新的人工智能十天天气预报系统GraphCast。【28题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段中“GraphCast,meanwhile,offershighlyaccurate，mediumrangeclimaticpredictionsinlessthanaminute,allthroughjustoneofGoogle’sAI-poweredmachinelearningtensorprocessingunit(TPU)machines.Duringacomprehensiveperformanceevaluationagainsttheindustry-standardNWPsystem—theHigh-ResolutionForecast(HRES)—GraphCastprovedmoreaccurateinover90percentoftests.”（与此同时，GraphCast仅通过一台谷歌人工智能驱动的机器学习张量处理单元(TPU)机器，就能在不到一分钟的时间内提供高度准确的中期气候预测。在针对行业标准NWP系统(高分辨率预测系统，HRES)的综合性能评估中，graphcast在90%以上的测试中证明了更高的准确性。）可知，GraphCast的特殊性在于它对天气的预测既快速又准确。故选B项。【29题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“GraphCast,meanwhile,offershighlyaccurate,mediumrangeclimaticpredictionsinlessthanaminute,allthroughjustoneofGoogle’sAI-poweredmachinelearningtensorprocessingunit(TPU)machines.”（与此同时，GraphCast仅通过一台谷歌人工智能驱动的机器学习张量处理单元(TPU)机器，就能在不到一分钟的时间内提供高度准确的中期气候预测。）可知，GraphCast成功的关键是TPU。故选D项。【30题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段“Thisstandsinsharpcontrasttowhatareknownasnumericalweatherprediction(NWP)models，whichtraditionallyusemassiveamountsofdataconcerningthermodynamics,fluiddynamics,andotheratmosphericsciences.Allthosedatarequireintensecomputingpower.Ontopofallthat,NWPmodelsareslow—takinghoursforhundredsofmachineswithinasupercomputertoproducetheir10-dayforecasts.”（这与所谓的数值天气预报(NWP)模式形成鲜明对比，后者传统上使用大量关于热力学、流体动力学和其他大气科学的数据。所有这些数据都需要强大的计算能力。最重要的是，NWP模型的速度很慢，需要一台超级计算机中的数百台机器花费数小时才能产生10天的预测。）及第三段“Duringacomprehensiveperformanceevaluationagainsttheindustry-standardNWPsystem—theHigh-ResolutionForecast(HRES)—GraphCastprovedmoreaccurateinover90percentoftests.WhenlimitingthescopetoonlytheEarth’stroposphere，thelowestpartoftheatmosphereandhometomostnoticeableweatherevents，GraphCastbeatHRESinanastounding99.7percentoftestvariables.”（在针对行业标准NWP系统(高分辨率预测系统，HRES)的综合性能评估中，GraphCast在90%以上的测试中证明了更高的准确性。当将范围限制在地球的对流层时，GraphCast在99.7%的测试变量中击败了HRES，对流层是大气的最低部分，也是最明显的天气事件的发生地。）可知，本文主要是将GraphCast和NWP进行对比对文章内容进行展开。故选A项。【31题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“HenotedGraphCast’spotentialvitalimportanceamidincreasinglydestroyingeventsresultingfromclimatebreakdown.”（他指出，在气候崩溃导致的破坏性事件日益增多的情况下，GraphCast的潜在重要性至关重要。）可知，Lam认为GraphCast的潜在重要性至关重要，说明他对于GraphCast的态度是积极的。故选C项。DAstudy,publishedinEuropeanHeartJournal,isthefirsttoassesshowdifferentmovementpatternsthroughoutthe24-hourdayarelinkedtohearthealth.Inthisstudy,Britishresearchersanalyzeddatafromsixstudies,involving15,246peoplefromfivecountries,toseehowmovementbehavioracrossthedayisassociatedwithhearthealth.Eachparticipantusedawearabledevice,akeynovelty,ontheirthighs(大腿)tomeasuretheiractivitiesthroughoutthe24-hourdayandhadtheirhearthealthmeasured.Theresearchersidentifiedaseriesofbehaviorsthatmakeupatypical24-hourday,withtimespentdoingmoderate-vigorousactivityprovidingthemostbenefittohearthealth,followedbylightactivity,standingandsleepingcomparedwiththenegativeimpactofsedentary(久坐)behavior.Theteammodeledwhatwouldhappenifanindividualchangedvariousamountsofonebehaviorforanothereachdayforaweek,inordertoestimatetheeffectonhearthealthforeachscenario.Whenreplacingsedentarybehavior,aslittleasfiveminutesofmoderate-vigorousactivityhadanoticeableeffectonhearthealth.Dr.JoBlodgett,firstauthorofthestudy,said,“Thebigtakeawayfromourresearchisthatwhilesmallchangestohowyoumovecanhaveapositiveeffectonhearthealth,intensityofmovementmatters.Themostbeneficialchangeweobservedwastoreplacesittingwithmoderate-vigorousactivity,whichcouldbearun,abriskwalk,orstairclimbing,basicallyanyactivitythatraisesyourheartrateandmakesyoubreathefaster,evenforaminuteortwo.”Dr.JoBlodgettalsopointedoutthatalthoughtimespentdoingvigorousactivitywasthequickestwaytoimprovehearthealth,therearewaystobenefitforpeopleofallabilities—it’sjustthatthelowertheintensityoftheactivity,thelongerthetimeisrequiredtostarthavingareliablebenefit.Usingastandingdeskforafewhoursadayinsteadofasittingdesk,forexample,isnotonlyachangeoverarelativelylargeamountoftimebutisalsoonethatcouldbecombinedintoaworkingroutinefairlyeasilyasitdoesnotrequireanytimecommitment.32.Whyisawearabledevicementionedinparagraph2?A.Tosuggestthestudy’screativity.B.Tostresstheimportanceofmeasuring.C.Toexplainthebasisofsixstudiesconcerned.D.Tointroducethevariousmovementpatterns.33.Whichhastheworsteffectonhearthealthaccordingtothetext?A.Standing. B.Sleeping.C.Climbingstairs. D.Sedentarybehavior.34.WhichstatementwillDr.JoBlodgettprobablyagreewith?A.Wehadbetteravoidspendingtimeonvigorousexercise.B.Smallchangesthewayyouexercisecountmostforhearthealth.C.Thestandingdeskforafewhoursadayoutweighsasittingone.D.Thelowerthestrengthoftheexercise，thebetterforhearthealth.35.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Thatanyactivityisbetterforyourheartthansedentarybehavior.B.Thesuitableexercisescheduleofaday.C.Thatchangingexerciseroutineeverydayinaweekmatters.D.Therelationshipbetweenexercisepatternsandhearthealth.〖答案〗32.A33.D34.C35.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了发表在《欧洲心脏杂志》上的一项新研究：通过评估24小时内不同的运动模式与心脏健康的关系，研究人员发现任何运动都比久坐有利于心脏健康，尤其是中等强度的活动。【32题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段中“Eachparticipantusedawearabledevice,akeynovelty,ontheirthighs(大腿) tomeasuretheiractivitiesthroughoutthe24-hourdayandhadtheirhearthealthmeasured.(每个参与者在他们的大腿上上使用一个可穿戴设备，这是一个关键的新奇事物，来测量他们在24小时内的活动，并测量他们的心脏健康状况。)”可推知，此处提及一个可穿戴设备意在表明该研究的创新之处。故选A项。【33题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Theresearchersidentifiedaseriesofbehaviorsthatmakeupatypical24-hourday,withtimespentdoingmoderate-vigorousactivityprovidingthemostbenefittohearthealth,followedbylightactivity,standingandsleepingcomparedwiththenegativeimpactofsedentary(久坐)behavior.(研究人员确定了一系列构成典型的24小时的行为，从事中等强度活动的时间对心脏健康的益处最大，其次是轻度活动、站立和睡眠，与久坐行为的负面影响相比。)”可知，久坐不动对心脏健康有最坏的影响。故选D项。【34题详析】推理判断题。根据第四、五段内容特别是第五段中“Usingastandingdeskforafewhoursadayinsteadofasittingdesk,forexample,isnotonlyachangeoverarelativelylargeamountoftimebutisalsoonethatcouldbecombinedintoaworkingroutinefairlyeasilyasitdoesnotrequireanytimecommitment.(例如，每天用几个小时的站立式办公桌来代替坐着的办公桌，这不仅是一种相对较长时间的改变，而且还可以很容易地融入到日常工作中，因为它不需要任何时间的投入。)”可推知，JoBlodgett博士认为每天使用站立式办公桌几个小时对心脏健康有利。故选C项。【35题详析】主旨大意题。根据全文内容，特别是第三段“Whenreplacingsedentarybehavior,aslittleasfiveminutesofmoderate-vigorousactivityhadanoticeableeffectonhearthealth.(当取代久坐不动的行为时，只需5分钟的中等强度运动就能对心脏健康产生显著影响。)”以及第四段““Thebigtakeawayfromourresearchisthatwhilesmallchangestohowyoumovecanhaveapositiveeffectonhearthealth,intensityofmovementmatters.Themostbeneficialchangeweobservedwastoreplacesittingwithmoderate-vigorousactivity,whichcouldbearun,abriskwalk,orstairclimbing,basicallyanyactivitythatraisesyourheartrateandmakesyoubreathefaster,evenforaminuteortwo.(“我们的研究得出的重要结论是，虽然运动方式的微小改变对心脏健康有积极影响，但运动强度很重要。”我们观察到的最有益的改变是用中等强度的活动取代坐着，可以是跑步、快走或爬楼梯，基本上是任何能提高你的心率、让你呼吸更快的活动，即使是一两分钟。”)”以及第五段“Dr.JoBlodgettalsopointedoutthatalthoughtimespentdoingvigorousactivitywasthequickestwaytoimprovehearthealth,therearewaystobenefitforpeopleofallabilities—it’sjustthatthelowertheintensityoftheactivity,thelongerthetimeisrequiredtostarthavingareliablebenefit.(Dr.JoBlodgett还指出，尽管花时间进行剧烈运动是改善心脏健康的最快方法，但也有对各种能力的人都有益的方法——只是运动强度越低，开始获得可靠益处所需的时间越长。)”以及文章其他段落的内容可知作者在本文中主要强调了在心脏健康方面任何运动都比久坐有利。故选A项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Weallknowsomeonewhoseemsunabletocontroltheirspendingormakegoodfinancialdecisions.Whenthatpersonissomeoneyoucareabout,it’sunderstandabletowanttohelpthembettermanagetheirmoney.___36___Ifyoufeelalittleoutofyourdepth,let’stakealookatsomewaystohelpoutalovedonewhoisn’tgreatwiththeirmoney,withoutmakinganyoneuncomfortable.Listenwithoutjudgment.___37___Ratherthancomingatsomeonewithcriticismorlecturingtryhavinganopenconversationtobetterunderstandtheirunderlyingfeelingsandperceptionsaboutmoneysoyoucandeterminethebestwaystohelp.Helpthemsetfinancialgoals.Askhowtheywouldliketheirfinancialsituationtobedifferentinanidealworld.___38___Writethesedownanddeterminewhatinitialstepstheycantaketostartworkingtowardsthesegoals.Offertoperiodicallyreviewprogresswithoutjudgment.Rememberthatyou’renottheirfin