职称英语考试试卷及答案-卫生类(A级)

07年职称英语考试试卷及答案一卫生类（A级）［试题］

2008-6-616:91大中小】【我要纠错】

2007年度全国职称外语等级考试试卷

英语（卫生类A级）

第1部分：词汇选项（第1~15题，每题1分，共15分）

下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接

近的选项。

1.Thenewswillhorrifyeveryone.

A.attractB.terrifyC.temptD.excite

2.Thearticlesketchedthemajoreventsofthedecade.

A.describedB.offeredC.outlinedD.presented

3.1won*ttoleratethatkindofbehavior.

A.bearB.acceptC.admitD.take

4.Theirstyleofplayingfootballisutterlydifferent.

A.barelyB.scarcelyC.hardlyD.totally

5.Hersisterurgedhertoapplyforthejob.

A.advisedB.causedC.forcedD.promised

6.Evensensiblemendoabsurdthings.

A.unusualB.ridiculousC.specialD.typical

7.Shebumpedinotherboyfriendintownthismorning.

A.walkedB.cameC.fledD.ran

8.Thissortofthingisboundtohappen.

A.sureB.quickC.fastD.swift

9.Attheageof30,Herseysuddenlybecameacclcbrily.

A.bossB.managerC.starD.dictator

lO.Hecannotdiscriminatebetweenagoodideaandabadone.

A.judgeB.assessC.distinguishD.recognize

11.TheyareconcernedforthefateoftheforestandtheIndianswhodwellinit.

A.liveB.sleepC.hideD.gather

12.Theindexisthegovernment'schiefgaugeoffutureeconomicactivity.

A.methodB.measureC.wayD.manner

13.Thearchitectureisharmoniousandnobuildingisoversix-storeyhigh.

A.old-fashionedB.traditionalC.conventionalD.balanced

14.Thefoodisinadequatefortenpeople.

A.demandedB.qualifiedC.insufficientD.required

15.Sheperseveredinherideasdespiteobviousobjectionsraisedbyfriends.

A.persistedB.insistedC.resistedD.suggested

第2部分：阅读判断（第16〜22题，第题1分，共7分）

下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供

的是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文中没

有提及，请选择C.

TheSpanishFluEpidemic

IfyouYeworriedaboutthepossibilityofacomingbirdfluepidemic,youcantakecomfortin

thefactthathumanityhassurvivedasimilarinfluenzaepidemicinthepast.Startingitsroundsat

theendofWorldWarI,the1918flukilledanestimated50millionpeople.

PopularlyknownastheSpanishFlu,thistypeofinfluenzawasfarworsethanyourcommon

cold.Normally,influenzaonlykillsthosewhoaremorevulnerabletodisease,suchasnewborns,the

oldorthesick.However,theSpanishFluwaspronetokillingtheyoungandhealthy.Oftenitwould

disableitsvictimsinhours;withinaday,theywouldbedead,typicallyfromextremecasesof

pneumonia（月巾炎）.

TheSpanishFluwasquitenasty-fast-spreadinganddeadly.ltmanagedtospreadacrossthe

globe,devastatingtheworld.Thensuddenly,aftertwoyearsravaging（蹂蹒）theEarth,it

disappearedasquicklyasithadarisen.

DespiteitsnicknamejheSpanishFludidnotoriginateinSpain.Itstrueoriginsare

unknown.SomebelieveitstartedinUSfortsandthenspreadtoEuropeasAmericajoinedthe

war;othersthinkthatitpopulatedthetrenchesoftheEnglishandtheFrenchandeventuallybroke

outin1918.Regardlessofwhereitstarted,eventuallyafifthoftheworldpopulationsufferedthe

disease,withaglobalmortalityrate（死亡率）estimatedat2.5%ofthepopulation.

Modernitywaspartlytoblameforthequickspreadofthedisease.ltpassedthroughoutthe

worldontraderoutesandshippinglines.lthitNorthernAmerica,Europe,Asia,AfricaandtheSouth

Pacific.Thewardidnothelpatall-themovementofsuppliesandtroopsaidedthespreadofthe

SpanishFlu,aswellasthetrenchwarfare.Imaginethespeedatwhichaviruscanspreadina

crowdedditch.Thefastemergenceofthevirusinthetrenchescausedsomesoldierstobelievethat

theSpanishFluwasanewformofbiologicalwarfare.

Luckily,theSpanishFlusimplyvanishedby1920.ltisbelievedtheflusimplyranoutoffuel

tospread.

16.TheSpanishFlustartedduringWorldWarI.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

17.TheSpanishFluposedagreaterthreattotheoldandthesick.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

18.AstheSpanishFluwasspreading,peopleinAustraliawereworried.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

19.TheSpanishFludisappearedtwoyearsafteritbrokeout.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

2O.TheSpanishFluwasnamedaftertheplacewhereitstarted.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

21.AbouthalfofthepeopleintheworldsufferedfromtheSpanishFlu.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

22.Biologicalwarfareoriginatedinthe20thcentury.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

第3部分：概括大意与完成句子（第23〜30题，每题1分，共8分）

下面的短文后有2项测试任务：（1）第23〜26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2〜5段

每段选择1个最佳标题；（2）第27-30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定1个最

佳选项。

FactsaboutStroke

1Every45seconds,someoneinAmericahasastroke.Every3.1minutes,someonediesof

one.Strokekilledanestimated167,661peoplein2000andisthenation'sthirdleadingcauseof

death,rankingbehinddiseasesoftheheartandallformsofcancer.Strokeisaleadingcauseof

serious,long-termdisabilityintheUnitedStates.

2Strokeisatypeofcardiovascular（心血管的）disease.ltaffectsthearteries（动脉）leading

toandwithinthebrain.Astrokeoccurswhenabloodvesselthatcarriesoxygenandnutrients（营

养物）tothebrainiseitherblockedbyaclot（凝块）orbursts.Whenthathappens,partofthebrain

cannotgettheblood（andoxygen）itneeds,soitstartstodie.

3Thebrainisanextremelycomplexorganthatcontrolsvariousbodyfunctions.Ifastroke

occursandbloodflowcan'treachtheregionthatcontrolsaparticularbodyfunction,thatpartof

thebodywon'tworkasitshould.Ifthestrokeoccurstowardthebackofthebrainjorinstance,it's

likelythatsomedisabilityinvolvingvisionwillresult.Theeffectsofastrokedependprimarilyon

thelocationoftheobstruction（阻塞）andtheextentofbraintissueaffected.

4TheAmericanStrokeAssociationhasidentifiedseveralfactorsthatincreasetheriskof

stroke.Themoreriskfactorsapersonhas,thegreaterthechancethatheorshewillhavea

stroke.Someoftheseyoucan'tcontrol,suchasincreasingage,familyhealthhistory,race,andprior

stroke.Butyoucanchangeortreatotherriskfactorstoloweryourrisk.Factorsresultingfrom

lifestyleorenvironmentcanbemodifiedwithahealthcareprovider'shelp.Someofthese

include:highbloodpressure,cunentsmoking,heartdisease,andhighredbloodcellcount.

5Astrokecanhappentoanyoneatanymoment.Infactabout600,000peoplehavestrokes

everyyear.Formanyyears,therewasnohopeforthosesufferingastroke.However,recent

breakthroughshaveledtonewtreatments.Forthetreatmentstowork,thepersonmustgettoa

hospitalimmediately.

23.Paragraph2.

24.Paragraph3.

25.Paragraph4.

26.Paragraph5.

AEffectsofastroke

BAnnualcostofstrokeintheUS

CDefinitionanddescriptionofastroke

DBreakthroughsintreatment

ERiskfactorsofstroke

FWarningsignsofastroke

27.Whenastrokeoccurs,thearteriesleadingtoandwithinthebrain.

28.Aperson'svisionislikelytobeaffectedifastroke.

29.Somepeoplecanreducetheirriskofstrokeifthey.

30.Newtreatmentsarenowavailabletopeoplewho.

Asufferfromastroke

Bwillbeaffected

Cchangetheirlifestyles

Dwilltakeplace

Eoccursatthebackofhis/herbrain

Fcontrolsvariousbodyfunctions

第4部分：阅读理解（第31~45题，每题3分，共45分）

下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个最佳选项。

第一答

TryingtoFindaParther

OneofthemoststrikingfindingsofarecentpollintheUKisthatofthepeople

inblerviewed,oneintwobelievesthatitisbecomingmoredifficulttomeetsomeonetostarta

familywith.

Whyaremanyfindingitincreasinglydifficulttostartandsustainintimaterelationships?Does

modemlifereallymakeithardertofallinlove?Orarewemakingitharderforourselves?

Itiscertainlythecasetodaythatcontemporarycouplesbenefitindifferentwaysfrom

relationships.Womennolongerrelyuponpartnersforeconomicsecurityorstatus.Amandoesn't

expecthisspousetobeinsolechargeofrunninghishouseholdandraisinghischildren.

Butperhapstheknowledgethatwecanliveperfectlywellwithoutapartnershipmeansthat

ittakesmuchmoretopersuadepeopletoabandontheirindependence.

Intheory,findingapartnershouldbemuchsimplerthesedays.Onlyafewgenerations

ago,yourchoiceofsoulmate（心上人）wasconstrainedbygeography,socialconventionand

familytradition.Althoughitwasneverexplicit,manymamageswereessentiallyarranged.

Nowthosebarriershavebeenbrokendown.Youcanapproachabuilderorabrain

surgeoninanybarinanycityonanygivenevening.Whentheworldisyouroyster（牡蛎）,you

surelyhaveabetterchanceoffindingapearl.

Butitseemsthattheoldconventionshavebeenreplacedbyaneventighterconstraincthe

tyrannyofchoice.

Theexpectationsofpartnersareinflatedtoanunmanageabledegree:goodlooks,impressive

salary,kindtograndmother,andrightsocks.Thereisnoroomforerrorinthefirstimpression.

Wethinkthatarelationshipcanbeperfect.Ifitisn't,itisdisposable.Weworktoprotect

ourselvesagainstfutureheartacheanddon'tputinthehardemotionallaborneededtobuilda

strongrelationship.Ofcourse,thisiscomplicatedbyrealities.Thecostofhousingandchild-rearing

createspressuretohaveastableincomeandcareerbeforealifepartnership.

31.Whatdoestherecentpollshow?

A.Itisgettingmoredifficultforawomantofindherhusband.

B.Itisgettingincreasinglydifficulttostartafamilyl.

C.Itisgettingmoredifficultforamantofindhiswife.

D.Itisgettingincreasinglydifficulttodevelopanintimaterelationshipwithyourspouse.

32.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaboutacontemporarymarriedcouple?

A.Thewifedoesn'thavetoraisethechildrenallbyherself.

B.Thehusbanddoesn'thavetosupportthefamilyallbyhimself.

C.Thewifeisnolongertheonlypersontomanagethehousehold.

D.Theywillreceivealargesumofmoneyfromthegovernment.

33.WhichofthefollowingwasNOTaconstraintonone'schoiceofsoulmateintheolddays?

A.Thehealthconditionofhisorhergrandmother.

B.Thegeographicalenvironment.

C.Thesocialconvention.

D.Thefamilytradition.

34.WhichofthefollowingisNOTexpectedofapartneraccordingtothispassage?

A.Goodlooks.

B.Animpressivecareer.

C.Ahighsalary.

D.Afinesenseofhumor.

35.Thewordusustain"(paragraph2)couldbebestreplacedby

A."reduce”.

B.“shake”.

C."maintain',.

D.,'weakenn.

第»一J--篇

ChronicDiseases:TheWorld*sLeadingKiller

Chronicdiseasesaretheleadingcauseofdeathintheworld.Yethealthexpertssaythese

conditionsareoftenthemostpreventable.Chronicdiseasesincludeheart

disease,stroke,cancer,diabetes(糖尿病)andlungdisorders.

TheWorldHealthOrganizationsayschronicdiseasesleadtoaboutseventeenmillionearly

deathseachyear.ThisUnitedNationsagencyexpectsmorethanthreehundredeightymillion

peopletodieofchronicdiseasesbytwothousandfifteen.ltsaysabouteightypercentofthedeaths

willhappenindevelopingnations.

TheWHOsayschronicdiseasesnowcausetwo-thirdsofalldeathsintheAsia-Pacific

area.Intenyearsitcouldbealmostthree-fourlhs.Peoplearegettingsickintheirmost

economicallyproductiveyears.Infact,expertssaychronicdiseasesarekillingmoremiddle-aged

peopleinpoorercountriesthaninwealthierones.

TheWHOestimatesthatchronicdiseaseswillcostChinaalonemorethanfivehundred

thousandmilliondollarsinthenexttenyears.Thatestimaterepresentsthecostsofmedical

treatmentandlostproductivity.RussiaandIndiaarealsoexpectedtofacehugeeconomiclosses.

KimHak-SuistheheadoftheUnitedNationsEconomicandSocialCommissionforAsia

andthePacific.LastweeninBangkokhepresentedaWHOreportontheproblem.ltsaysdeaths

fromchronicdiseaseshaveincreasedlargelyastheresultofeconomicgainsinmanycountries.

Thereportdetailsthelatestfindingsfromninecountries.Theyinclude

Brazil,Britain,Canada,ChinajndiaandNigeria.TheothersarePakistan,RussiaandTanzania.

MisterKimsaysinfectiousandparasitic（寄生的）diseaseshaveuntilrecentlybeenthemain

killersinAsiaandthePacific.Buthesaystheyarenolongerthemajorcauseofdeathinmost

countries.

Healthofficialssayasmanyaseightypercentofdeathsfromchronicdiseasescouldbe

prevented.Theysayanimportanttoolforgovernmentsistorestrictthemarketingofalcoholand

tobaccotoyoungpeople.Also,moreprogramsareneededtourgehealthyeatingandmorephysical

activity.

UNofficialsaimthroughinternationalactiontoreducechronic-diseasedeathsbytwopercent

eachyearthroughtwothousandfifteen.Theysaymeetingthattargetcouldsavethirty-sixmillion

lives.Thatincludestwenty-fivemillioninAsiaandthePacific.

36.Howmanypeopleindevelopingcountrieswillprobablydieofchronicdiseasesby2015?

A.Morethan17million.

B.Morethan380million.

C.Morethan304million.

D.Morethan25million.

37.DuetochronicdiseasesChinawillhavetoface

A.greatpressurefromothercountries.

B.alimitedeconomicmarket.

C.ashortageofthelaborforce.

D.hugeeconomiclosses.

38.WhichcanNOTbelearnedfromthepassage?

A.Manychronic-diseasedeathsarepreventable.

B.Chronicdiseasesarethemajorcauseofdeathinmostcountries.

C.Chronicdiseasesarekillingmoremiddle-agedpeoplethanelderlypeople.

D.Eonomicgainsinmanycountrieshavecontributedtochronic-diseasedeaths.

39.UntilrecentlythemainkillersinAsiaandthePacifichavebeen

A.economicgains.

B.lostproductivity.

C.chronicdiseases.

D.infectiousandparasiticdiseases.

4O.WhichisNOTmentionedasawaytopreventchronic-diseasedeaths?

A.Timelymedicaltreatment.

B.Healthyeating.

C.Morephysicalactivity.

D.Reductionindrinkingandsmoking.

第二篇

JoyceSipesandMaryEllenDodge

WhenJoyceSipeswasdiagnosedwithbreastcancerin1999,shesharedthenews

immediatelywithhersisterMaryEllenDodge.MaryEllenwasthereforher-helpingherthrough

theterror,andthefear,andthethousandquestionsthatareinevitablyapartofhearingthe

word"cancern.

Fortunately,afriendatworkwhohadhadasimilardiagnosishighlyrecommendedAlonzo

Walker,MD,MedicalCollegeofWisconsinsurgicaloncologist（夕卜科肿瘤学家）anddirectorofthe

Froedtert&MedicalCollegeofWisconsinBreastCancerProgram.Joycemadeanappointment.At

aninitialconsultation,Dr.WalkerspenttwohourswithJoyceandherhusband.Joycewasso

reassured;shecancelledherappointmenttogetasecondopinionelsewhere.

Ultimately,Joyce'scancerrequiredamastectomy（乳房切除术）.Reconstructivesurgerytook

placerightaway.ShecametothinkofDr.Walkerasherpartner,nnotjustmydoctor."Andthe

Froedtertnurses,shesays,wereMveryunusualandimpressive/'

Asitturnedout,Joycewouldsoonhavethechancetodosomethingimportantforhersister

MaryEllen.Duringherowncancertreatment,JoycesuggestedthatMaryEllenshouldgetherself

checkedthroughtheFroedtert&MedicalCollegeofWisconsinBreastCancerProgram.In

additiontoitsopportunitiesforexaminationandscreening,thehospitalhadestablishedaprogram

especiallyforwomeninfamiliesathighriskforcancer.Sureenough,itturnedourthatMaryEllen

hadsomecysts（囊肿）,oneofwhichwasdangerousenoughthatitneededtobesurgically

removed.She'sfinenow-thankstoJoyce'ssuggestion.

BothsistersexperiencedfirsthandhowFroedtert&MedicalCollegeofWisconsinoffers

morethanleading-edgetechnologyandtheunmatchedexperienceofphysiciansinanacademic

medicalcenter.ltoffersacomrehensiveteamapproach-ofconsultation,collaboration,andcare-all

focusedontheindividualpatient.ThatswhyJoycecametothinkofFroedtert,throughoutthe

processofhertreatment,asbeingher"securityblanket',.

JoyceSipeshasbeencancer-freefiveyearsnow-animportantmilestone（里程碑）forbreast

cancersurvivors.JoyceandMaryEllenaretogetheronceagainintheirworkshopinJoyce's

home,makingthebeautifulmarketbaskets,breadbaskets,muffin（松饼）baskets,andNantucket

basketsthatthey-andtheircustomers-love.

41.WhatdidMaryEllendoforhercancer-strickensister?

A.SherecommendedDr.Walket.

B.Shekeptherfrombeingdisturbed.

C.Sheaskedheralotofquestions.

D.Shecomfortedherasmuchasshecould.

42.AftertalkingwithDr.Walker,Joycedecided

A.togetasecondopinionelsewhere.

B.nottoseeanyotherdoctors.

C.togiveuptreatment.

D.nottotrusthim.

43.ThankstoJoyce'ssuggestion,MaryEllengot

A.anopportunitytoworkasanurse.

B.thesamesurgicalprocedureashersister.

C.atimelycheckandtreatmentforbreastcancer.

D.achancetoworkfortheBreastCancerProgram.

44.WhichisNOTtrueofFroedtert&MedicalCollegeofWisconsin?

A.Ildoesnotcaremuchabouttheindividualpatient.

B.Itoffersmorethanleading-edgetechnology.

C.Itsphysicianshaveuniqueexperience.

D.Itadoptsacomprehensiveteamapproach.

45.Itcanbeseenfromthelastparagraphthatthetwosisters

A.areleadingasadandlonelylife.

B.arestillathighriskofbreastcancer.

C.arelearningtomakevariouskindsofbaskets.

D.verymuchenjoytheirpresentlifeandwork.

第5部分：补全短文(第46〜50题，每题2分，共10分)

下面的短文有5处空白，短文后有6个句子，其中5个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其

分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。

AmericanDreams

ThereisacommonresponsetoAmericaamongforeignwriters:theUSisalandofextremes

wherethebestofthingsqrejustaseasilyfoundastheworst.Thisisacliche(陈词滥调).

Inthelandofblackandwhite,peopleshouldnotbetoosurprisedtofindsomeofthebiggest

gapsbetweentherichandthepoorintheworld.ButtheAmericanDreamoffersawayoutto

everyone.(46)Noclasssystemorgovernmentstandsintheway.

Sadly,thisoldargumentisnolongertrue.Overthepastfewdecadestherehasbeena

fundamentalshiftinthestructureoftheAmericaneconomy.

Thegapbetweentherichandthepoorhaswidenedandwidened.(47)

Overthepast25yearsthemedianUSfamilyincomehasgoneup18percent.Forthetop1

percent,however,ithasgoneup200percent.Twenty-fiveyearsagothetopfifthofAmericanshad

anaverageincome6.7timesthatofthebottomfifth.(48)

Inequalitieshavegrownworseindifferentregions.InCalifornia,incomesforlowerclass

familieshavefallenby4percentsince1969.(49)Thishasledtoaneconomyhugelyinfavorof

asmallgroupofveryrichAmericans.Thewealthiest1percentofhouseholdsnowcontrolathird

ofthenationalwealth.Therearenow37millionAmericanslivinginpoverty.At12.7percentof

thepopulation,itisthehighestpercentageinthedevelopedworld.

YetthetaxburdenonAmerica'srichisfalling,notgrowing.(50)Therewasaneconomic

theoryholdingthattherichspendingmorewouldbenefiteveryoneasawhole.Butclearlythat

theoryhasnotworkedinreality.

ANobodyispoorintheUS.

BThetop0.01percentofhouseholdshasseenitstaxbitefallbyafull25percentagepoints

since1980.

CForupperclassfamiliestheyhaverisen41percent.

DNowitis9.8times.

EAsitdoesso,thepossibilitytocrossthatgapgetssmallerandsmaller.

FA11onehastodoistoworkhardandclimbtheladdertowardsthetop.

第6部分：完形填空(第51〜65题，每题1分，共15分)

下面的短文有15处空白，请根据短文内容为每处空白确定1个最佳选项。

WorldHeartDay

SundaywasWorldHeartDay.TheWorldHeartFederationanditsmembergroupsinmore

thanonehundredcountriesorganizedthecelebrations.TheWorldHealthOrganizationandother

UnitedNationsagenciesprovidedsupportforthe(51).

WorldHeartDaywasfirstobservedsixyears(52).Organizersproposedtheeventasawayto

helpreducethespreadofheartdisease.TheWorldHeartFederationsaysheart(53)killsseventeen

millionpeopleeachyear.

Thegroupurgespeopletobeactiveandhaveagood,healthydiet.ltalsowarns(54)activities

knowntoincreaseaperson'sriskofheartattackorstroke.

Someofthewarningsaredirectedatchildren.TheWorldHeartFederationsaysabout

twenty-twomillionboysandgirlsundertheageoffiveareobese-severelyoverweight.

Childrenarenormallyenergeticandactive.(55),twothirdsofallchildrenarenotactive

enough.Suchchildrengreatly(56)theirriskofbecomingobese.Theyalsoincreasetheir(57)of

developinghear