专升本语法培训非谓语动词课件

18八月2024专升本语法培训非谓语动词非谓语动词的类型:

Infinitive不定式Gerund动名词Participle分词Non-finite专升本语法培训非谓语动词Structure:

tobedoneInfinitive:todoNegative(否定):nottodoPassivevoice:专升本语法培训非谓语动词(1).主语Subject不定式作主语时,往往放在谓语之后,用it作形式主语.Togetenoughsleepatnightisimportant.It____________________________________.Itisadj.(forsb)todosth.Itis+apleasure/anhonor/apitytodo.Ittakessb+timetodo.Non-finiteisimportanttogetenoughsleepatnight专升本语法培训非谓语动词(2).表语PredicativeMyjobYourtask______________(努力学习).istostudyhardNon-finiteToseeistobelieve.toteachyouEnglish.专升本语法培训非谓语动词Thesedayseveryonewantstogetrichfast.(3)宾语Object常用动词不定式作宾语的动词有:fail,happen,mean,wish,hope,decide,refuse,offer,learn,agree，etc.+todoNon-finiteliketodomanagetodo专升本语法培训非谓语动词Theteachertoldmetocleantheblackboard.(4).宾补Complement五看

watch

see

lookat

observe

notice三使

let

make

have

二听

listento

hear一感觉:

feel当遇到下列动词时,不定式省略to:allow,cause,ask,advise,expect,force,permit,persuade,tell,want,warn,teach等.

Non-finite医生建议他去南方.Thedoctoradvisedhimtogotothesouth.+sbtodo专升本语法培训非谓语动词Imadehimdohiswork.He______________________byme.Seesbdosth---sbbeseentodoHewasseen___fromthetreeandgethurt.fallB.tofall

C.fallingD.fallen改错:Hewasheardtalktohismotherforanhour.totalkwasmadetodohiswork专升本语法培训非谓语动词(5).定语Attributive(如果不定式中的动词是不及物动词,则不定式中要有介词.)Heislookingfor__________.（一间可以住的房子）Thereisnothing___________.*我想要几本书在旅途中看。I’dlike________________________________.afewbookstoreadduringthejourney---Whatdoyouthinkoftheschool?---Itisaverygood_____.A.schooltostudyinB.schoolforchildrentostudyC.studyingschoolD.schooltostudytoworryaboutThetopicstobediscussedattomorrow’smeetingisconcernedabouttheOlympics2008.（没有什么可担心的）aroomtolivein专升本语法培训非谓语动词Icameheretoseeyou.Hegotupearlytocatchthetrain.(6)状语Adverbialinorderto,soasto,1.表目的2.表原因Wewereveryexcitedtohearthenews.3.表结果Thisroomisbigenoughtoholdus.enough…to,too…to,onlyto,etc.Heliftedarockonlytodropitonhisownfeet.Non-finite专升本语法培训非谓语动词1.作主语2.作表语3.作宾语4.作宾语补足语5.作定语6.作状语在句中承担的成分:专升本语法培训非谓语动词主动语态被动语态进行式完成式完成进行式TenseandVoice（时态与语态）

tobedoing

tohavedone

tohavebeendone

----------

tohavebeendoing----------专升本语法培训非谓语动词(1).Theypretendednottoseeus.(2).Hepretendedtobesleeping.(3).Shepretendedtohaveknownitbefore.(一般式表示与谓语的动作同时/发生在它之后.)(在谓语动词发生的同时,不定式的动作也正在进行)(完成式表示动作发生在谓语动作之前)专升本语法培训非谓语动词who,which,when,how,what,whom,whether等连用，在句中起名词作用，可充当主语、表语、宾语等。我不知道是否要接受邀请。Idon’tknowwhethertoaccepttheinvitationornot.(宾语)Howtosolvetheproblemisveryimportant.(主语)如何解决这个问题很重要。我的问题是什么时候开始。Myquestioniswhentostart.(表语)Non-finite不定式与疑问词连用:专升本语法培训非谓语动词关于省略(1).不定式中的动词上文已出现过,下文要省略该动词.e.g.:Wouldyouliketogowithme?

(2).不定式是tobe结构,be不可省.e.g.:Wouldyouliketobeateacher?

A.I’dliketo

B.I’dliketogo

Yes,_______.Non-finiteA.I’dliketobe.B.I’dliketo.Yes,______.专升本语法培训非谓语动词

(eat,giveup,finish,explain,tell)1.Myteacherwasmade_______histeachingbecauseofpoorhealth.togiveupexplaining/tobeexplainedtobefinishednottoeat3.Wefinditimpossibleforthework__________aheadoftime.4.Thepatientwaswarned______oilyfoodaftertheoperation.2.Thesentencewants________________oncemore.5.Imeant_________youaboutit,butIforgottodoso.tohavetold

专升本语法培训非谓语动词1.--Iusuallygotherebytrain.--Whynot____byboatforachange?A.totrygoingB.tryingtogoC.totryandgoD.trygoing2.Ratherthan___onacrowdedbus,healwaysprefers____abicycle.A.ride;rideB.riding;rideC.ride;torideD.toride;riding专升本语法培训非谓语动词4.Shecan’thelp____thehousebecauseshe’sbusymakingacake.A.tocleanB.cleaningC.cleanedD.beingcleaned

3.Whileshopping,peoplesometimecan’thelp____intobuyingsomethingtheydon’treallyneed.topursueB.persuadingC.beingpersuadedD.bepersuaded专升本语法培训非谓语动词5.Robertissaid____abroad,butIdon’tknowwhatcountryhestudiedin.tohavestudiedB.tostudyC.tobestudyingD.tohavebeenstudying6.Thepurposeofnewtechnologiesistomakelifeeasier,____itmoredifficult.notmakeB.nottomakeC.notmakingD.don’tmake专升本语法培训非谓语动词7.Havingatripabroadiscertainlygoodfortheoldcouple,butitremains____whethertheywillenjoyit.toseeB.tobeseenC.seeingD.see8.Themotherdidn’tknow____toblameforthebrokenglassasithappenedwhileshewasout.A.whoB.whenC.howD.why专升本语法培训非谓语动词9.Pauldoesn’thavetobemade____.Healwaysworkshard.learnB.tolearnC.learned D.learning10.—Thelightintheofficeisstillon.---Oh,Iforgot______.turningitoffB.turnitoffC.toturnitoffD.havingturneditoff专升本语法培训非谓语动词11.Iwouldlove____tothepartylastnightbutIhadtoworkextrahourstofinishareport.A.togoB.tohavegoneC.goingD.havinggone

12.I’veworkedwithchildrenbefore,soIknowwhat____inmynewjob.A.expectedB.toexpectC.tobeexpectingD.expects专升本语法培训非谓语动词13.LittleJimshouldlove____tothetheatrethisevening.A.tobetakenB.totakeC.beingtakenD.taking14.Theteacheraskedus____somuchnoise.A.don’tmakeB.notmakeC.notmakingD.nottomake专升本语法培训非谓语动词不定式作定语时，应放在被修饰词的后面，而且放在其他后置定语之后。1.不定式做定语与所修饰的词之间有三种关系：(1)动宾关系Ihavealotofworktodo.(2)主谓关系Heisalwaysthefirsttocome.(3)同位关系Weallhaveachancetogotocollege.专升本语法培训非谓语动词固定句型:hadbetter+(not)dosth.最好（不）做某事Why(not)dosth.?…prefertodo/preferdoing…prefer+n./doingA+to+n./doingB…prefer+todoAratherthan(to)doB…wouldrather(not)dosth.…wouldratherdoAthan(do)B…wouldrather+句子（过去式）（虚拟语气）要做……专升本语法培训非谓语动词*在thefirst,thesecond…，thelast和only之后，只能用todo。如：Hewasthelasttoleavetheclassroom．*如果understand，realize,know用在begin,start,attempt,intend后，只能用todo。如：Ibegantounderstandthetruth．*表示目的的不定式的否定式一般不用nottodo,而用inordernottodo或soasnottodo。如：(√)Inordernottobeseen,hecameintotheroomthroughthewindow．

(×)Nottobeseen,hecameintotheroomthroughthewindow．

(√)Hecameintotheroomthroughthewindowsoasnottobeseen．*soastodo一般不放在句首。

(√)Hegetupatfivethismorningsoastocatchtheearlybus．(X)Soastocatchtheearlybus，hegotupatfivethismorning．注意以下几种情况不定式的用法专升本语法培训非谓语动词Myteacherwasmade_____histeachingbecauseofpoorhealth.givingupB.togiveupC.giveupD.givenup2.Thesentencewants____oncemore.explainedB.toexplainC.beingexplainedD.explaining3.TheArcticisconsidered____thenorthernpartoftheAtlantic.havingbeenB.tohavebeenC.tobeD.being专升本语法培训非谓语动词4.TheEmperororderedthewonderfulcloth_____forhimwithoutdelay.tohavewovenB.tobewovenC.tobeweavingD.toweave5.IfoundtheGermanlanguagehard____.learnedB.learningC.tobelearnedD.tolearn6.—Thelightintheofficeisstillon.---Oh,Iforgot______.turningitoffB.turnitoffC.toturnitoffD.havingturneditoff专升本语法培训非谓语动词7.---Howdoyoudealwiththedisagreementbetweenthecompanyandthecustomers?---Thekey____theproblemistomeetthedemand____bythecustomers.tosolving,makingB.tosolving,madeC.tosolve,makingD.tosolve,made8.---Whatdoyouthinkoftheschool?----Itisaverygood_____.schooltostudyinB.schoolforchildrentostudyC.studyingschoolD.schooltostudy专升本语法培训非谓语动词9.---Didyougetajob?---No,I___,butit’snouse.expectedB.triedtoC.managedtoD.planned10.Wefinditimpossibleforthework___aheadoftime.tofinishB.finishingC.beingfinishedD.tobefinished11.---IusuallygotoShanghaibytrain.----Whynot___therebyboatforachange?totrytogoB.trygoingC.totrygoingD.trytogo专升本语法培训非谓语动词12.___aliving,shehadtoworkfrommorningtillnight.TomakeB.MadeC.MakingD.Tohavemade13.Iwouldratherstarvetodeaththan___forfood.begB.beggingC.beggedD.tobeg14.Theboypretended____whenhismotherentered.readingB.toreadC.tobereadingD.beingread专升本语法培训非谓语动词1.Toseeyouisglad.=It’sgladtoseeyou.2.Iwanttoseeyou.3.Iwanthimtoseeyou.4.Myhopeistoseeyou.5.Heisthemantoseeyou.6.I’mgladtoseeyou.7.Iwenttoseeyou.8.Hewentsoearlyastoseeyou9.Totellyouthetruth,Idon’tagreewithyou.10.Howtosolvethisproblemisveryimportant.（作主语）(作宾语）（作宾补）(作表语）（作定语）（作原因状语）（作目的状语）（作结果状语）独立成分和疑问词连用专升本语法培训非谓语动词Gerund主动语态被动语态ing一般式完成式一.Structure：doingNegative：notdoing二.时态和语态makinghavingmade(不作定语）beingmadehavingbeenmade(不作定语专升本语法培训非谓语动词三.在句中承担的成分:1.作主语2.作宾语3.作定语4.作表语专升本语法培训非谓语动词Collectinginformationisveryimportanttobusiness.1.作主语:Seeingisbelieving.

e.g.---Whatmadehimsounhappy?---____theticketforthefootballmatch.HavingbeenlostB.LostC.BecauseoflosingD.LosingKey:________DLosingtheticketforthefootballmatchmadehimsounhappy专升本语法培训非谓语动词对着打翻了的牛奶哭是没用的。Cryingoverthespiltmilkisnouse.Itisnousecryingoverthespiltmilk.类似的还有：Itisnogooddoingsth.Itisnousedoingsth.专升本语法培训非谓语动词IenjoylearningEnglish.Howaboutmeetingoutsidethetheatre?2.作宾语:Vt.Prep.+doing专升本语法培训非谓语动词admit,appreciate,deny,resist,stand,imagine,suggest,mind,finish,enjoy,keep,practise,miss,avoid,delay,excuse,escape,consider,can’thelp,等。如:1）你介意我在这儿抽烟吗?Wouldyoumindmysmokinghere?2）这女孩被告知每天练习三个小时的钢琴.Thegirlwastoldtopractiseplayingthepianoforthreehourseveryday．3）Goodnewskeepscoming.

下列动词通常用~ing形式作宾语：专升本语法培训非谓语动词e.g.insiston,prevent…from,dependon,feellike,befondof,succeedin,beproudof,excuse…for,apologizefor,lookforwardto,objectto,beusedto,beopposedto,…etc.

下列V.+prep.通常用~ing形式作宾语,尤其注意介词toPrep.后通常用~ing形式作宾语.e.g.Theboystoodstillwithout__________(dare)toraisehisheadbecauseof___________(break)avase.daringhavingbroken专升本语法培训非谓语动词remembertodorememberdoingforgettodoforgetdoingstoptodostopdoinggoontodogoondoingtrytodotrydoingregrettodoregretdoingmeantodomeandoingtodo和doing的区别:专升本语法培训非谓语动词①V+sbtodosth

&

V+doingsthe.g.：Thedoctoradvisedmenottogotobedtoolate.Pleasepermitmetointroducemyselftoyoufirst．Yousurelycan'tconsiderhimtobeaselfishman．Myparentsforbidmetostayoutaftermid-night．Iallowedthechildrentoplayinmyroomforanotherfiveminutes.注意:动词如：permit,allow，admit，forbid，imagine，consider有不同的用法:专升本语法培训非谓语动词advise／permit／allow／admit／forbid／considerdoingsth.e.g.：Thelittleboyadmittedhavingbrokentheglass.Theyshouldn'tallowparkinginthestreet;it'stoonarrow.Iforbidsmokinginmyhouse．Wedonotpermitsmokingintheoffice．专升本语法培训非谓语动词Myhobbyiscollectingstampsandfishing.Hisjobisteaching.3.作表语What’sthedifferencebetweenthem?I’mfishing.Myhobbyisfishing.动名词现在分词专升本语法培训非谓语动词awalkingstickAswimmingpoolAsleepingcar4.作定语:区别ThewalkingmanTheswimminggirlThesleepingboy动名词修饰名词表示名词的功能现在分词修饰名词表示该名词所处的状态专升本语法培训非谓语动词Tominsistedoncomingtotheparty.Tominsistedonmycomingtotheparty.我几乎无法想象peter在五天内横渡大西洋.IcanhardlyimaginePetersailingacrosstheAtlanticOceaninfivedays.Gerund的逻辑主语:专升本语法培训非谓语动词在动词或词组need,want,require,beworth,deserve,etc.后的动名词表示被动意义:Yourcompositionneedsimproving.Yourcompositionneedstobeimproved.Thebookisworthreadingasecondtime.Thebookisworthytoberead/ofbeingreadasecondtime.动名词表示被动意义:专升本语法培训非谓语动词

-ing分词(以make为例)-ed分词主动语态被动语态一般式完成式主动语态被动语态一般式

完成式HavingmademakingbeingmadeHavingbeenmademadeXXX专升本语法培训非谓语动词分词在句中承担的成分:由于分词具有形容词性和副词性,在句子中不能充当具有名词特征的主语和宾语.成份类别主语宾语定语表语补语状语现在分词××过去分词××专升本语法培训非谓语动词作定语1.ThetopicsbeingdiscussedeverywhererecentlyisconcernedabouttheOlympics2008.tobediscusseddiscussed进行完成将来2.Thetopics________________(discuss)attomorrow’smeetingisconcernedabouttheOlympics2008.3.

Thetopics_______________(discuss)atyesterday’smeetingwasabouttheOlympics2008.专升本语法培训非谓语动词Theglassisbroken.Thefoodsmellsinviting.2.作表语Whathesaidsounds__________(convince).Hewas___________(interest)inwhathelearnedinCanadaandhethoughteverythinginCanadawas____________(interest)．convincinginterestedinteresting这道菜香味怡人。Pleasefillintheblankwiththeverbgiven：使…信服专升本语法培训非谓语动词类似情况还有：surprising~surprised,exciting~excited,tiring~tired,disappointing~disappointed,encouraging~encouraged，amazed~amazing,bored~boring,pleasing~pleased,astonishing~astonished.

-ed分词Sb.+Link.v+-ed分词-ing分词

Sth.+Link.v+-ing分词人的感觉事物本身的特点专升本语法培训非谓语动词Theycaughthimcheatinginthemid-termexaminationHewascaughtcheatinginthemid-termexamination.Youcan'tleavetheworkshopwiththemachinerunning.

3.作补语1.宾语补足语2.主语补足语3.介词宾语补足语专升本语法培训非谓语动词Fillintheblank:1.Hewassurprisedtofindhisroom

thoroughly_______.(clean)2.LastnightIsawhim_______(play)theviolinwithhiseyes_______(shut).“被动”“主动”cleanedplayingshut“被动”专升本语法培训非谓语动词分词作状语，修饰谓语，大多说明动作发生的背景或情景，表示时间、条件、原因、让步、伴随情况等。一般说来，这一结构的逻辑主语是主句的主语,而句子本身可与状语从句等句型转换。4.作状语专升本语法培训非谓语动词1.Whenweheardthenews,wejumpedwithjoy.

=Hearingthenews,wejumpedwithjoy.2.Whenitisheated,themetalexpands.Heated,themetalexpands.3.Becausehedidn‘tknowhowtodoit,hewenttohisfatherforhelp.=Notknowinghowtodoit,hewenttohisfatherforhelp.4.Astheyweredeeplymoved,thechildrenbegantocry.=

Deeplymoved

bythestory,thechildrenbegantocry