内蒙古土默特左旗一中高三第四次模拟考试新高考英语试卷及答案解析

内蒙古土默特左旗一中高三第四次模拟考试新高考英语试卷考生请注意：1．答题前请将考场、试室号、座位号、考生号、姓名写在试卷密封线内，不得在试卷上作任何标记。2．第一部分选择题每小题选出答案后，需将答案写在试卷指定的括号内，第二部分非选择题答案写在试卷题目指定的位置上。3．考生必须保证答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1．Threedaysaftertheaircraftwentmissing,aninternationaleffort________shipsandplaneshasn'tfoundanywreckage,________growingfrustrationforthefamiliesofthe239peopleonboard.A．involved;causing B．toinvolve;causedC．involving;causing D．involving;havingcaused2．Alotofsuggestionswereputforwardatthemeeting,but______waspractical.A．nothingB．noneC．neitherD．noone3．Eventually,shehasrecognized____,whateverhappensandhoweverbad____seemstoday,lifestillgoesonandeverythingwillbebettertomorrow．A．that;it B．it;that C．it;what D．that;what4．Ifyouwanttoimproveyourfigureandhealth,themosteffectivethingtodoistoshowupatthegymeverytimeyou________bethere.A．can B．willC．may D．shall5．---DoyouknowwhatTomdoesallday?----IknowhespendsatleastasmuchtimewatchingTVashe____________hislessons.A．isdoing B．does C．spendstodo D．doesdoing6．Totellthetruth,IwouldratherI________thepaininsteadofyou.Youdon’tknowhowworriedIwas.A．took B．hadtakenC．havetaken D．shouldhavetaken7．______muchpressuretheU.S.governmentputontheChinesegovernment,Chinawouldsticktoitsownpolicyofexchangerate.A．However B．Wherever C．Whatever D．Whoever8．Effortswillbemadeto______newteachingmodelstoexploitthestudents’potential.A．accelerateB．innovateC．differentiateD．compile9．---Idon’tunderstandwhyCatherinestoppedshort_____sheoughttohavecontinued.---It’sobviousthatshelackedself-confidence.A．whenB．whileC．ifD．as10．Howdiditcomeabout________aquietpersonshouldappearsowildtoday?A．whether B．that C．if D．what11．ThemothergoesmadeverytimeshewashestheT-shirt__________hersonwipeshisdirtyhands.A．that B．whereC．which D．when12．______inpainting,Johndidn’tnoticeeveningapproaching.A．Toabsorb B．TobeabsorbedC．Absorbed D．Absorbing13．Itissometimessaidthatasocietycanbejudged____thewayitcares____itsweakestmembers.A．on;about B．by;for C．under;with D．with;on14．---Thefreegiftdoesn’tlookgood.---_____,madam,butifyouwantgoodquality,youhavetopayforit.A．Nodoubt B．NooffenceC．Noproblem D．Noway15．Withpeoplepayingattentiontofitness,self-servicemini-gyms,eachcoveringabout5squaremeters,________inChina’smajorcitiestheseyears.A．havesprungup B．sprangupC．hadsprungup D．springup16．InBeijing,morethan21,100people________todonatetheirbodiesbytheendof2017,asthecitypromotedabodydonationcampaignfrom1999.A．haveappliedB．hadappliedC．wouldhaveappliedD．applied17．—DoyouthinkI'magoodsurfer?—Ofcourse!I________youearlier．Youmadeitlooksoeasy，gracefuleven．A．amwatching B．waswatchingC．havewatched D．hadwatched18．Thestore______Iboughtmytextbooksishavingasalethisweek.A．that B．whereC．which D．why19．ThoughthestoryofLiYunlongintheTVdrama“BrightSword”isafiction,muchof__________happenedishistoricallytrue.A．that B．what C．which D．it20．Backwardsomewhattechnologically________weareforthemoment,wehaveconfidenceinourabilitytocatchupintime.A．althoughB．ifC．asD．once第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。21．（6分）Thedangersofdrowsy（昏昏欲睡）drivinghavebeenwidelyknown.Nowseveralcompanieshavedevelopedface-trackingtechnologythatcantellwhendriversbecomedangerouslysleepy.Hereishowitmightwork.Acamerainyourcarmonitorsyourfacialexpression,comparesittoadatabaseofexpressionsanddeterminesifyouarelikelysleepyordistracted.Thecarthenalertsyoutopayattentionorpullover.Affectivahasdevelopedemotionrecognitiontechnologythataimstodetectwhenpeoplearejuststartingtogettired.Theideaistocatchthewarningsignsbeforedrowsinessreallystrikes.“Actually,whensomeoneisdrowsy,thatistoolate.”Gabi,vicepresidentofAffectivasaid.“Whatifyoucanseetrendsinsomeone’sfaceaboutfiveminutesbeforetheybecomesleepy?”Affectiva’sprogramcanrecognizesevendifferentemotionsand15facialexpressions.Itsstandardsweredevelopedbysifting（筛选）throughadatabaseof4millionfacesfrom75countries,saidZijderveld.Shesuggestedthatcarmakerscouldcoordinate（协调）theprogram’sfacialrecognitiondatawithoralreminders,suchassoundwarnings,or（nonverbal）alerts,likeachangeoftemperatureandvibrations（continuousslightshakingmovements）.Eyerisisanothercompanyworkinginfacialanalytics.ModarAlaoui,thecompany’sCEO,saidthatitssoftwaredetects“eyeopenness”inadditiontootherfacialindicators.Thesoftwarecanalsoreadheadposition,whichmayindicatewhensomeonebeginstonodoff.Thesetechnologiesaren’tthefirstattempttofightdrowsinessbehindthewheel.Inventorscameupwiththesimilardevice“sleeperbeeper”topreventsleepincarsbackin1983.Thesleeperbeeperwasattachedtoadriver’searandwouldissueanoisywarningwhenthedriver’sheadnoddedpastacertainpoint.Butthelatestsoftwarewouldintervene（干涉）earlierandmoreeffectively.1、Thecamerainthecarcandetermineifadriveris________.A．cold-blooded B．near-sightedC．bad-tempered D．absent-minded2、Whenwilldriversberemindedtopayattentionorpulloverbytheface-trackingtechnology?A．Whentheyarejustbeginningtogettired.B．Fiveminutesaftertheybecomesleepy.C．Whentheyarereallytired.D．Whentheyaredrowsy.3、Itismostlikelythatthe“sleeperbeeper”wouldsendoutawarningby________.A．shakingslightly B．makingnoiseC．flashingbrilliantly D．changingtemperature4、Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A．Thedangersofdrowsydrivinghavebeenwidelyknown.B．Inventorshavetriedoutthesimilardevice“sleeperbeeper”.C．Severalcompanieshavefoundsomewaystofightdrowisnessbehindthewheel.D．Face-trackingtechnologyfordrowsydrivinghasbeendevelopedbyseveralcompanies.22．（8分）MyfatherwasataxidriverbutIamaking—KingRenato,ofthecountryPontinha,anislandonFunchalharbour.It’sinMadeira,Portugal,whereIgrewup.Itwasdiscoveredin1419;CaptainCookoncecamehere.In1903,thePortuguesegovernmentdidn’thaveenoughmoneytobuildaharborport,sothekingsoldthelandtoawealthyBritishfamily,theBlandys,whomakeMadeirawine.Fourteenyearsago,thefamilydecidedtosellitforjust€25,000(£19,500).IdecidedtobuyitthoughIhadnomoney—Iwasjustanartteacher.Itriedtofindsomebusinesspartners,buttheyallthoughtIwascrazytowanttobuywhatisactuallyalargerock;ithasasmallcave,aplatformontop,andnoelectricityorrunningwater.SoIsoldsomeofmypossessions,putmysavingstogetherandboughtit.WhenthekingofPortugaloriginallysoldtheislandin1903,heandallthegovernorssignedadocument,sellingallthe“possessionsandthedominions(领土)”oftheisland.ItmeansIcandowhatIwantwithit—Icouldstartarestaurant,oracinema,butnobodythoughtthatsomeonewouldwanttostartacountry.Sothat’swhatIdid:IdecidedthatthiswouldnolongerbejustarockontheportofFunchal.Itwouldbemyisland,aboutthesizeofaone-bedroomhouse.AfterIboughtit,thegovernorofMadeiraaskedtobuymyisland.Ofcourse,Isaidno.HesaidthatunlessIsolditbacktothestate,hewouldn’tletmeconnecttoanyelectricity.ButIhaveasolarpanelandasmallwindmill,andmaybeinthefutureIwillbeabletogeneratepowerfromtheoceanaroundPontinha.1、Whatdoesthewriterwanttoshowbymentioninghisfather?A．Hehadaroyalfamily.B．Helovedhisfamily.C．Hewasnotabornking.D．Hewasnotagooddriver.2、Whosoldtheislandtotheauthor?A．APortugueseking.B．Anartteacher.C．TheBlandyfamily.D．CaptainCook.3、Howdidthewriterstartthecountry?A．Hediscoveredtheisland.B．Hefoundbusinesssupporters.C．Hewassupportedbycitizensintheisland.D．Hetookadvantageoftheofficialdocument.4、WhatcanweinferaboutthecountryPontinha?A．Itwasatinyisland.B．Aharborportwasbuiltonit.C．Itwasawealthyland.D．Lifetherewasveryconvenient.23．（8分）Sittingtoomuchislinkedtochangesinasectionofthebrainthatisimportantformemory,accordingtoarecentstudybyUCLAresearchersofmiddle-agedandolderadults.Studiesshowthattoomuchsitting,likesmoking,increasestheriskofheartdisease,diabetesandprematuredeath.ResearchersatUCLAwanttoseehowsedentarybehavior(sittingforlongperiodsoftime)influencesthehealthofthebrain,especiallyregionsofthebrainthatareimportanttomemoryformation.UCLAresearchersgathered35peopleaged45to75andaskedabouttheirphysicalactivitylevelsandtheaveragenumberofhoursperdaytheyspentsittingoverthepreviouswork.Eachpersonhadahigh-resolutionMRI(热分辨磁共振成像)scan,whichprovidesadetailedlookatthemedialtemporallobe,orMTL,abruinregioninvolvedintheformationofnewmemories.TheresearchersfoundthatsedentarybehaviorisanimportantpredictorofthinningoftheMTLandthatphysicalactivity,evenathighlevels,ismilenoughtocompensatetheharmfuleffectsofsiltingforlongperiods.“Thisstudydoesnotprovethattoomuchsittingcausesthinnerbrainstructures,butinsteadthatmorehoursspentsittingareassociatedwiththinnerregions,”researcherssaid.Inaddition,theresearchersfocusedonthehoursspentsitting,butdidnotaskparticipantsiftheytookbreaksduringthistime.Theresearchersnexthopetofollowagroupofpeopleforalongerdurationtodetermineifsittingcausethetinningandwhatrolegender(性別),race,andweightmightplayinbruinhealthrelatedtosilting.“MTLthinningcanbeanindicationofcognitive(认知的)declineinmiddle-agedandolderadults.ReducingsedentarybehaviormaybeapossibletargetformeasuresdesignedtoimprovebruinhealthinpeopleatriskforAlzheimer’sdisease,”researcherssaid.1、WhatisthestudydonebyUCLAmainlyintendedtofindout?A．Whatharmsittingtoomuchcauses.B．Whysiltingtoomuchislikesmoking.C．Howtoomuchsittingaffectsbrainhealth.D．Whethertoomuchsittingcausesearlydeath2、Participantswerescannedbyahigh-resolutionMRIto.A．evaluatetheirmemorylossB．examinetheirMTLconditionsC．recordtheirphysicalactivitylevelsD．recordthelengthoflimefortheirsitting3、WhatdoUCLAresearchersthinkoftheirstudy?A．Itinagreatsuccess.B．Itislittlepracticalvalue.C．Itmusttargettheyoung.D．Itstillneedstobeimproved.4、Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A．LongSittingIsBadforYourBrainB．HowtoImproveBrainHealthC．SittingCausesManyHealthProblemD．AnEasyWaytoPreventMemoryLoss24．（8分）Growingup,Iremembermyfatherasasilent,seriousman—notthesortofpersonaroundwhomonecouldlaugh.AsateenagerarrivinginAmerica,knowingnothing,Iwantedafatherwhocouldexplainthehumanjourney.Incollege,whenfriendscalledhomeforadvice,IwouldsinkintodeepdepressionforwhatIdidnothave.Today,attwenty-seven,Ihavecometorediscovertheminwaysthatmyteenagemindwouldnotallow—asadultsandasfriendswiththeirownfaultsandweaknesses.Onenightaftermymovebackhome,Ioverheardmyfatheronthetelephone.Thesewassometrouble.Later,Dadsharedtheproblemwithme.Apparentlymylegaltraininghadearnedmesomeprivilegesinhiseyes.ItalkedthroughtheproblemwithDad,analyzingthepurposesofthepeopleinvolvedandofferingseveralnegotiationstrategies.Helistenedpatientlybeforefinallyadmitting,“Ican’tthinklikethat.Iamasimpleman.”Dadisabrilliantscientistwhocandeconstructthebuildingblacksofnature.Yethumannatureisamysterytohim.ThatnightIrealizedthathewassimplynotskilledatdealingwithpeople,muchlessthetroubleofaconflictedteenager.It’snotinhisnaturetounderstandhumandesires.Andso,thereitwas—itwasnoone’sfaultthatmyfatherheldnointerestinhumanliveswhileIplacedgreatimportanceinthem.Weareattimesbornmoresensitive,wide-eyed,anddreamythanourparentsandbecomemorecuriousandidealisticthanthem.Dadperhapsneverexpectedmeforachild.AndI,whoknewDadasanintelligentman,hadneverunderstoodthathisintelligencedidnotcoverallofmyfeelings.Ithassavedmeyearsofquestioningandconfusion.InowseemyparentsaspeoplewhohaveotherrelationshipsthanjustFatherandMother.Inowoverlooktheirmanyfaultsandweaknesses,whichonceannoyedme.Inowknowmyparentsasfriends:peoplewhoaskmeforadvice;peoplewhoneedmysupportandunderstanding.AndI’vecometoseemypastclearly.1、Whatwastheauthor’simpressionofherfatherwhenshewasateenager?A．Friendlybutirresponsible.B．Intelligentbutsevere.C．Coldandaggressive.D．Caringandcommunicative.2、Whydidtheauthorfeeldepressedwhenherfriendscalledhome?A．Shedidnothaveaphonetocallhome.B．Herfatherdidnotcareaboutherhumanjourney.C．Herfatherwastoobusytoanswerherphone.D．Herfathercouldn’tgiveherappropriateadvice.3、Aftertheauthoroverheardherfatheronthetelephone,______.A．heblamedherforimpolitenessB．herediscoveredhumannatureC．heconsultedwithherabouthisproblemD．hechangedhisattitudetowardstheauthor4、Theauthorrealizedthat______.A．herfatherhadtoomanyfaultsandweaknessesB．herfatherwasnotasintelligentasshehadthoughtC．herfatherwasnotgoodatinterpersonalrelationshipsD．herfatherplacedtoomuchimportanceinsocialactivities5、Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleofthispassage?A．MyParentsasFriendsB．MyParentsasAdvisorsC．MyFatherasaSeriousManD．MyFatherasanIntelligentScientist25．（10分）Overahundredyearsagoin1911,somethingstrangewasfoundintheglaciersofAntarctica.GrilffithTaylor—anAustraliangeologist,haddiscoveredabloodredsteampouringoutoftheicecascades（瀑布）ofTalorGlacier!PopularlyknownastheBloodFalls,scientistshadnotbeenabletofindthereasonbehindthebloodredliquidflowingthroughtheice---untilrecently.ThemysteryoftheBloodFallshadfinallybeensolved.Whenthesefallswerefirstdiscovered,scientistshadbelievedthattheredcolourcamefromalargeamountofredalgae（海藻）concentratedinthewater.Redalgaecontainapigment（色素）whichreflectsredlight,makingthealgaeappearred.Thistheorymadesense,untilitwaslaterfoundthatalgaedonotplayapartintheredcoloroftheflowingliquidatall.WhatreallycausesTalorGlacier’swatersappearbloodred,isthepresenceofironoxideintheliquid.Thewatersofthebloodfallsarerichinsaltandironcontent,andwhenthiswatercomesincontactwiththeair,itturnsred—justlikerust!Thewaterinthesefallsisoftenreferredtoas“brine”byscientistsbecauseofthehighsaltcontentinthewater.Thisreasoningbehindtheredcolorsofthefallswasfoundbackin2003.However,theentiremysteryhadnotyetbeensolved.Howisitthen,thattheBloodFallsarenotfrozen?ResearchersattheUniversityofColoradoandUniversityofAlaskafoundthatinsidetheglacier,therewasanetworkofchannelsandreservoirsthatmovethewateraround.Saltwaterhasalowerfreezingtemperature.Inaddition,whenanysubstanceundergoesachangeinstate,itgivesoffheat.Therefore,thebrineactuallywarmitselfupwhileit’sfreezing!Howthisworks,isthatwhenthebrineisflowingthroughtheTalorGlacier,someofitdoesfreeze.Asaresultofchangingstatefromliquidtoice,thebrinegivesoffheat.Thisheatisenoughtokeeptherestoftherestofthebrineinliquidform,whichiswhyitflowsoutoftheglacier.Incrediblenewchemistryfactsfound,anymysterysolved!1、Accordingtothetext,theredalgaetheorywasonceconsidered________.A．ridiculousB．reasonableC．impracticalD．complex2、WhydoestheBloodFallslookredincolour?A．Becausethereistoomuchsaltandironinitswater.B．Becauseitsliquidisrichinredalgae.C．BecausethefollowingliquidreflectsandsunlightD．BecausetheairisthinandrareinAntarctica.3、WhatisthemainreasonfortheBloodFall’snotfreezing?A．Thewatercontinuedflowingconstantly.B．Thereistoomuchsaltinthewater.C．ThebrinegivesoffheatwhilefreezingD．Temperaturesaren’thighenoughforflowingwater.4、Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A．Thediscoveryofthebloodglacier.B．ThebirthoftheTalorGlacier.C．TheflowingredwaterinAntarctica.D．ThemysteryoftheBloodFalls.第三部分语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项．26．（30分）Anoldwomanwassittingoutsideanice-creamshopwithdirtyclothesandroughhair.She1andwalked,butitseemedquite2,herlegsshivering（颤抖）andhereyesshowingdeepsorrowofbeingleftaloneandhomeless.Ididn't3anicecream,soIwasoutsidetheshop,4her,whilemyfamilywentin.Herlegswereweak.Isawherdifficultiesandcameuptoherwith10dollarsinmy5andhandeditovertoher.Shewasso6andstartedblessingmeinstantly.Iwantedtotalkwithherasthatseemedveryimportant7.Iaskedherabouther8.Shesaidtherewasnoone,andthatalldiedonebyone,withtearsinhereyes."Wheredoesshelive?"I9.Theresponsewasquite10.Inoticedher“luggage”,twoplasticbags,containingher11.Atthispoint,Igavehermy12,thinstole（披肩）.Itwasbrightyellowandlookednew.Butshewasnotreadytoaccept13.ShewasworriedaboutmyfeelingcoldforfewminutesbeforeIgothome.Shefinally14thestoleandcoveredherself,whenIinsisted.Shewas15meevenmore.IcheckedmybagandkeptgivinganythingthatIthoughtshecoulduse.Howgratefulshewas!Atthismoment,Isawchangeinher16stateofmind.Bythistime,sheseemedcalmand17.AndsodidI.Thelookof18andhopelessnesswastransformed.Shelookedatthepeoplewhopassedbyuswithmore19inthatmoment.Irealizeditwasmysmallkindact20hadcountedalottotheoldwoman.1、A．gotoutB．gotoverC．gotoffD．gotup2、A．tunnyB．interestingC．difficultD．attractive3、A．wantB．touchC．serveD．taste4、A．findingB．leadingC．ignoringD．watching5、A．pocketB．bagC．handD．luggage6、A．angryB．thankfulC．strangeD．cautious7、A．aswellB．inallC．sowellD．atall8、A．friendB．habitC．careerD．family9、A．repliedB．wonderedC．claimedD．stated10、A．differentB．seriousC．obviousD．weak11、A．belongingsB．goodsC．clothesD．books12、A．smoothB．warmC．specialD．rough13、A．oneB．themC．thoseD．it14、A．broughtB．receivedC．tookD．carried15、A．calmingB．supportingC．blessingD．helping16、A．emotionalB．commonC．conventionalD．unique17、A．convenientB．contentC．appropriateD．available18、A．desperationB．expressionC．confusionD．devotion19、A．doubtB．trustC．regretD．confidence20、A．sinceB．whichC．whenD．that第二节（每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。27．（15分）TheSecretGardenisachildren’snovelbyFrancesHodgsonBurnett,firstpublishedasabookin1911.1．(set)inEngland,itisoneofBurnett’smostpopularnovelsandisconsideredaclassicofEnglishchildren’sliterature.Severalstageandfilm2．(adapt)havebeenmade.Attheturnofthe20thcentury,MaryLennoxissicklyandunloved10-tear-oldgirl,borninIndiato3．(wealth)Britishparentswhoneverwanther.Sheiscared4．byservants,whoallowher5．(become)aspoiled,aggressiveandselfishchild.6．throughthediscoveryofheraunt’ssecretgarden,herbrother,andacousin,Marybecomesachildwewouldallliketohaveaspartofourhousehold.TheSecretGardenhasbecome7．importantpartofchildren’sliterature,in2003,itrankednumber51in“TheBigRead,”8．wasasurveyoftheBritishpublicbytheBBCtoidentifythe“Nation’sBest-loved”amongallkinds.Basedona2007onlinesurvey,it9．(name)oneof“Teachers’Top100BooksforChildren”bytheU.S.NationalEducationAssociation.In2012itrankednumber15amongall-timechildren’s10．(novel)inasurveypublishedbySchoolLibraryJournal.第四部分写作（共两节）第一节短文改错（满分10分）28．（10分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该同下面写出修改后的词。注意：1、每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2、只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。Today,Ivisitmyoldhouse、Ilivedthereoneandahalfyearago、WhenIamatschool,Ioftenthinkmyoldhousebecauseitmademehappyinthepast、Myoldhouse,thathasonlytworooms,isverytidyandbright、Itliesbetweentwohighhouses,lookverysmallandlovely、I’vedecidedtocelebrate