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结构多样的句式:句子种类和therebe句型、并列复合句、主从复合句专题四第3讲主从复合句
命题点2宾语从句3
命题点1状语从句2
课标知识导图1
命题点3定语从句4课标知识导图考情概览考查点考频考查角度时间状语引导词赤峰:2021.61;通辽:2023.33,2022.89until(1次);before(1次);when(1次)条件状语引导词赤峰:2022.59;通辽:2020.30if(2次)命题点1状语从句(赤峰:5年5考,完形、词语运用、补全句子;通辽:5年5考,完形、综合填空、往年单选)考查点考频考查角度原因状语引导词赤峰:2020.58;通辽:2021.35,2022.83because(3次)让步状语引导词赤峰:2023.41although(1次)目的状语引导词赤峰:2020.85inorderthat(1次)中考试练1.(2021呼和浩特2题)InChineseculture,theyoungwon'tstartdinner________theelderstaketheirseats.A.after
B.when
C.until
D.although2.(2023呼和浩特5题)—DidyoucallMichaelback?—Ididn'tneedto,________I'llseehimtomorrow.A.unless
B.because
C.when
D.though内蒙古5年真题CB3.(2022呼和浩特9题)________youmustgoandplayfootball,atleastwaituntilschoolisover.A.If
B.Whether
C.Unless
D.Sothat4.(2023呼和浩特15题)Shewassoangryat________hewasdoing________shewalkedoutwithoutaword.A.what;that
B.that;whatC.what;what
D.that;thatAA5.(2020呼和浩特12题)IfTom________thefilmTheWanderingEarth,he'llneverforgetthesceneinwhichmanypeoplemakethehardjourneybacktotheirhometown.A.saw
B.see
C.willsee
D.sees6.(2023包头34题)Itwasthemiddleofthenight________thesoundofthepianowokemeup.A.because
B.if
C.when
D.although7.(2022包头29题)Airpollutionwillremainaproblemforalongtime,________wehavedonealottosolveit.A.though
B.since
C.unless
D.ifDCA8.(2023包头27题)Someschoolteacherscomplainthatmanykidshaven'tgotanyhobbies________wecallplayingcomputergamesahobby.A.unless
B.once
C.since
D.if9.(2021包头29题)________heismyfavoritesinger,Ididn'tbuyhisnewCD.A.If
B.EversinceC.Eventhough
D.BecauseAC10.LittleMarysaysgoodnighttoherparents________shegoestobedeveryday.A.if
B.until
C.before
D.unless11.Ourworldwillgetbetterandbetter________eachofuslivesagreenerlife.A.before
B.if
C.though
D.until12.IbelieveIwillbehealthier________Ikeepagoodeatinghabitandkeepdoingexercise.A.unless
B.until
C.though
D.because拓展提升CBD13.—What'syouropinionaboutfriends?—Theyarelikebooks.Wedon'tneedalotofthem________they'regood.A.aslongas
B.assoonasC.sothat
D.asif14.Ifwecontinuetokillelephantsfortheirivory,wehumans________themintheend.A.lose
B.willlose
C.lost
D.havelostAB1.初中常见状语从句的引导词(赤峰:5年5考;通辽:5年5考)(1)引导时间状语从句(赤峰:2021.61;通辽:2023.33,2022.89)满分点拨连词(短语)含义及用法例句when(赤峰:2021.61)当……时候。引导的从句可以用延续性动词,也可以用短暂性动词Hewasreadinginthelibrarywhen
therainstormcame.连词(短语)含义及用法例句while正当……时;正在……时。引导的从句中,谓语动词必须是延续性或表状态的动词,且常用进行时While
Lindawas
sleeping,JennywashelpingMarywithherhomework.as当……时。表示一件事情正在发生,另一件事情也在进行中,通常只用于一般过去时Justas
Iwasleavingthehouse,thephonerang.连词(短语)含义及用法例句after在……之后。表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之后Peoplewillknowtheadvantagesofyourproductafter
theyexperienceit.before(通辽:2023.33)在……之前。表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之前Turnoffthelightsbefore
youleavetheroom.连词(短语)含义及用法例句until/till(通辽:2022.89)直到……。常用在“not...until...”结构中,表示“直到……才……”Theboydidn'tstoprunninguntil
hereachedthefinishline.since自……以来。主句用现在完成时,从句用一般过去时Wehavebeengoodfriendssince
weenteredthesameschool.assoonas一……就……。引导的从句常用一般现在时,主句用一般将来时Iwillgiveyouacallassoonas
Iarrivehome.(2)引导条件状语从句(赤峰:2022.59;通辽:2020.30)连词(短语)含义及用法例句if(赤峰:2022.59,通辽:2020.30)如果。从句用一般现在时,主句通常用一般将来时If
youhaveagoodteam,youshouldsupporteach
other.连词(短语)含义及用法例句unless如果不,除非。unless可以转化为if...not...结构。主从句时态与if用法一致Unless
yougetenoughsleepeverynight,youwillnotrememberthingswell.aslongas“只要”。主从句时态与if用法一致Therewillbenothingtoworryaboutaslongas
youworkhard.(3)引导原因状语从句(赤峰:2020.58;通辽:2021.35,2022.83)连词含义及用法例句because(赤峰:2020.58;通辽:2021.35,2022.83)因为。表示造成某种情况的直接原因,回答why引导的问句,不能和so同时使用Ioftenexerciseattheparkbecause
Ilovethecleanairandsunshine.[人教七(下)Unit8P47]连词含义及用法例句since既然。语气比because弱,表示对方已知或众所周知的原因Since
theweatherisnice,wehavedecidedtogoforapicnic.as由于,因为。语气比since弱,引导的从句位于主句前后均可As
shewastootired,shefellasleepassoonasshelaydown.(4)引导让步状语从句(赤峰:2023.41)连词(短语)含义及用法例句though虽然。引导让步状语从句时,不能与but同时使用Thoug
hwearegoingtopart,ourfriendshipwillalwaysremain.[冀教九(全)Unit10P151]although(赤峰:2023.41)尽管。引导让步状语从句时,不能与but同时使用Although
heisover65,heisveryfitandstillenjoysworking.连词(短语)含义及用法例句whether不管。常用于句型“whether...ornot”与“whether...or”句型中Whether
thesayingsareinChinese,English,oranyotherlanguage,theysharesomethingincommon.eventhough/if
即使。引导让步状语从句时,不能与but同时使用Eventhough
Iamsadthatjuniorhighisover,Ilookforwardtonewexperiencesinseniorhigh!连词(短语)含义及用法例句whatever无论什么。等于nomatterwhatWhatever
youwanttobe,youneedtoworkhardtoachieveit.whenever无论何时。等于nomatterwhenWhenever
yougowalkinginthehills,youshouldalwayswearproperclothes.(5)引导目的状语从句(赤峰:2020.85)连词短语含义及用法例句sothat“以便……”。后接从句,只能用于句中Iwanttolearnnewwordssothat
IcanhaveabetterunderstandingofEnglishmovies.inorder
that(赤峰:2020.85)“为了……”。后接从句,可用于句首或句中You'dbetterspeaklouderinorderthat
youcanbeheardbyallpeople.(6)引导方式状语从句连词(短语)含义例句as按照……的方式WhenyoueatWesternfood,doas
Westernersdo.asif/though似乎,好像Themanbehavedasif
nothinghadhappenedtohim.(7)引导结果状语从句连词短语含义用法例句
so...that...如此……以至于……①so修饰的中心词是形容词或副词,结构为“so+adj./adv.+that...”。Myclockringssoloudlythatitwillcertainlywakemeup.连词短语含义用法例句such...that...如此……以至于……②such修饰的中心词是名词,结构为“such+a/an+adj.+可数名词单数+that...”或者“such+adj.+不可数名词/可数名词复数+that...”Sheissuchalovelygirlthateveryonearoundherlikesher.2.主句与从句时态一致(赤峰:2021.83;通辽:2023.39)
在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中,主句和从句的时态一致一般有三种情况:(1)“主将从现”:主句用一般将来时,从句用一般现在时。常见的使用“主将从现”的连词(组)有:①表时间的:when(赤峰:2021.83),until,till,after,before,whenever,assoonas等。②表条件的:if(通辽:2023.39),unless,aslongas等。如:Youwon'texperiencethebeautifulthingsaroundyouunlessyoukeepyourheartopen.(2)“主祈/情从现”:若主句是祈使句或主句中有情态动词时,那么从句用一般现在时表示将来。如:Ifyoukeeptrying,youcanmakeprogressquicklyandfindalotoffuninlearningit.[九(下)Module7Unit1P56](3)since引导的时间状语从句,主句一般用现在完成时,从句用一般过去时。如:Howhaveyouchangedsinceyoustartedjuniorhighschool?考情概览命题点2宾语从句(赤峰:5年3考,词语运用、补全句子;通辽:2022.74,完成句子)
分析赤峰、通辽近5年真题,宾语从句均考查宾语从句引导词:赤峰(5年3考),分别考查了what(2次)和which;通辽(2022.74),考查了whether。中考试练1.(2021呼和浩特13题)—The2022WinterOlympicGameswillbeheldinChina.Doyouknow________?—Yes.InBeijingandZhangjiakou.A.whenitwasheldB.whenwasitheldC.whatcitiesitwillbeheldinD.whatcitieswillitbeheldin内蒙古近年真题C2.(2020呼和浩特11题)Youlookniceinthedress.Couldyoutellme________?A.wheredidyoubuyit
B.whereyouboughtitC.wheredoyoubuyit
D.whereyoubuyit3.(2022呼和浩特11题)—Manypeopletalkabout“Didi”.Ireallywonder________.—Justcalltoorderataxithroughitonyourmobilephone.A.howcanIuseit
B.howIcanuseitC.whypeopleuseit
D.whydopeopleuseitBB4.(2023呼和浩特12题)—Couldyoutellme________?—BysearchingtheInternet.A.howdidCarlgetthenewsB.whyCarlgotthenewsC.howCarlgotthenewsD.whydidCarlgetthenews5.(2021包头30题)—Doyouknow________hesaidattheparty?—Goon.I'mallears.A.why
B.that
C.which
D.whatCD拓展提升6.Whatlovelytoybears!Couldyoupleasetellme________?Iwanttogotheretobuyone.A.wheredidyougetthemB.whereyougotthemC.whendidyougetthemD.whenyougotthemB7.—Doyouknow________?—TowelcomethenewstudentsfromCanada.A.whendidtheyhavethepartyB.whentheyhadthepartyC.whydidtheyhavethepartyD.whytheyhadthepartyD8.Tomsenthisgrandmotheragiftlastweek,buthedoesn'tknow____.A.whethershelikesit
B.whereshelikesitC.whethershelikedit
D.whereshelikedit9.—Mr.Liu,couldyoutellme________?—Sure.Letmehelpyou.A.howcanIcheckmymarksonlineB.howIcancheckmymarksonlineC.whyIwillcheckmymarksonlineD.whyIcheckedmymarksonlineAB10.—Doyouknow________?—Shelostherpassportyesterday.A.whydoesLisamisstheflightB.whydidLisamisstheflightC.whyLisamissestheflightD.whyLisamissedtheflight11.—Jackwillhaveabirthdaypartytomorrow.Doyouknow________giftheprefers?—I'mnotsure.Let'scallCathy.Shemayknowsomethingaboutit.A.how
B.what
C.why
D.whereDB12.—Doyouknow________Icanturntheebookon?—Sorry,I'veneverhadanebookbefore.Whynotreadtheinstructionsfirst?A.how
B.when
C.where
D.whether13.Myfriendaskedme________Iwantedtobeadancerandthereasonwasthatmyinterestsdroveme.A.what
B.if
C.where
D.whyAD宾语从句的三要素为:语序、连接词和时态。1.语序宾语从句中必须用陈述句语序,即引导词+主语+谓语+其他部分。如:Idon'tknowwhere
he
lives.
引导词
主语
谓语满分点拨2.连接词连接词用法例句thatthat引导宾语从句时在句中不充当任何成分,只起连接作用,通常可以省略Theythinkthatrobotswillevenbeabletotalklikehumanin25to50years.whether/if当表示对宾语从句所表达的内容不确定时Iwonderwhether/ifthey'llholdtheraceagainnextyear.连接词用法例句连接代词(what/which/who/whose/whom等)(赤峰:2023.64)在从句中作一定的成分,如:主语、宾语、定语等Weneverknowwhatwillhappeninthefuture.连接副词(when(表时间)
/where(表地点)/why(表原因)/how(表方式)在从句中作状语You'dbetterexplainwhyyouwerelateforclassagain.Iwonderwhereweshouldgonext.3.时态(遵循三大原则)宾语从句的时态应遵循以下三个原则:(1)需要性原则:主句是现在时(包括一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时),从句时态随句意。如:IhearJoeleftforBeijingyesterday.IhearJoewillleaveforBeijingnextweek.(2)呼应性原则:主句是过去时(包括一般过去时、过去进行时),从句相应地用过去的某种时态。如:WhenIgottoschool,IrealizedthatIhadleftmybackpackathome.(3)特殊性原则:从句表示客观事实、真理或自然现象,无论主句是什么时态,从句都用一般现在时。如:Theteachertoldusthatpracticemakesperfect,soweshoulddomorepractice.(1)“疑问代词/疑问副词+不定式”构成不定式短语,这种结构可在句中作主语、宾语、表语等。如:SheactuallylearnedhowtomakeChinesefood![人教九(全)Unit10P78](2)如果主句的谓语动词是think,guess,believe等动词,且后面接含有that引导的否定意义的宾语从句时,常将否定词提前到主句中。如:Idon'tthinkIcopieddowntheMathsproblemscorrectly.[上海牛津八(上)Unit2P27]拓展考情概览命题点3定语从句(通辽:5年3考,完形、往年单选)
通辽近5年在完形、往年单选中考查了that(2023.38)与who(2021.26,2022.37)。中考试练1.(2020呼和浩特13题)—Thesinger________comesfromUSAiscalledBob.—Iknow.Themostpopularsong________wassungbyhimwasontheCCTVshowlastnight.A.who;which
B.who;thatC.that;which
D.whom;that内蒙古5年真题B2.(2023呼和浩特6题)Sittingdownafterawalkisrelaxing.Butwouldyouliketositonaseat________tellsyouyourweight?A./
B.who
C.whom
D.that3.(2022呼和浩特14题)—Doyouliketheweeklytalkshow,TheReaders,onCCTV?—Sure.It'sagreatTVprogram________purposeistobringthehabitofreadingbackintothepublic.A.which
B.that
C.what
D.whoseDD4.(2023呼和浩特14题)Mary,________ismyfriend,aswellashersisters,________ChineseinChina.A.that;arestudying
B.which;havestudiedC.who;study
D.who;studiesD拓展提升5.Ihavereadallthebooksontheshelf________Iborrowedfromthelibraryinmysparetime.A.who
B.that
C.whose
D.which6.Beijingisfullofplacesofinterest,anditisoneofthemostinterestingcities________Ihaveevervisited.A.why
B.that
C.whom
D.where7.ReadersisagreatTVprogram________canhelpstudentsdevelopthehabitofreading.A.that
B.where
C.what D.whenBBA8.—Doyouknowtheman________spokeatthemeetingjustnow?—Yes.Heisafamousteacherinanotherschool.A.which
B.who
C.where
D.what9.DuFuisafamousChinesepoet________hasbecomepopularwithmanypeoplearoundtheworld.A.who
B.whom
C.whose
D.which10.Thewoman________Imetatthehospitalwasverykind.ShetoldmealotofthingsthatIneededtonotice.A.whose
B.which
C.when
D.whomBAD11.YouhelpedmealotwhenIwasintrouble.Ican'tforgetthedays________IspentwithyouinGuizhoulastyear.A.which
B.why
C.where
D.who12.Chinaisgettingbetteratmakinghightechproducts________canbringusmoreconvenience.A.when
B.whom
C.which D.how13.Thebook________coverhasabeautifulpictureisLily's.ShelikestobuybooksaboutbeautifulplacesinChina.A.which
B.who
C.that
D.whoseACD1.定语从句的定义
担任定语功能的从句叫作定语从句,定语从句在句子中相当于形容词,故又称形容词性从句。被定语从句修饰的名词、代词称为先行词。引导定语从句的词被称为关系词,根据关系词在定语从句中的功能可分为关系代词(that,which,who,whom,whose)或关系副词(when,where,why)。如:满分点拨2.根据成分选关系词在此过程中要掌握“三看”原则:(1)一看指人还是物先行词指人:that,who,whom,whose先行词指物:that,which,whose(2)二看在句中
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