Unit4ScientistswhochangedtheworldExtendedreading课件高中英语牛津译林版（2020）（完整版）2

ExtendedReadingTheValueofScienceUnit4

ScientistswhochangedtheworldLead-inDoyouthinkscienceisgoodorevil?Whatarethevaluesofscienceinyoureyes?Fastreading1.Scientificknowledgeenablesustodoandmakeallkindsofthings.2.Sciencecanprovideuswithintellectualenjoyment.3.Scientistshavethefreedomtodoubt.Whatarethevaluesofscience?Scanthelecturetranscriptandfindtheanswer.StructureIntroduction:_________________________________________________________Mainbody:_________________________________________________________Conclusion:_________________________________________________________IntroducingthetopicThreevaluesofscienceDutyofscientistsFigureoutthestructreofthislecturetranscript.paras.1-2paras.3-6para.7Let’sseethedetails.CarefulreadingWhenhewasyounger,hethoughtsciencewouldmakegoodthingsforeverybody.Duringthewarhedoubtedthatsomeevilmaybeinvolvedinscience.Laterhethoughtlongaboutthevalueofscienceandfinallytriedtoanswerthisinthistalk.Theauthortalkedabouthispersonalexperienceinparagraph1and2.Pleasesummarizehisexperience.Whatarethefunctionsofthesetwoparagraphs?Readparas.1-2andanswerthequestions.Carefulreading2.Tointroducethetopicandarouseaudience’sinterest.Theauthortalkedabouthispersonalexperienceinparagraph1and2.Pleasesummarizehisexperience.Whatarethefunctionsofthesetwoparagraphs?Readparas.1-2andanswerthequestions.Carefulreading1.5times.Thefirsttwo(line12)referto“makinggoodthings”andthefinalthree(line14and16)referto“scientificknowledge”.Howmanytimesisthepronoun“it”usedinthisparagraph?Whatdoes“it”refertoineachcase?Howdoyouunderstandthesentence“scientificknowledgeenablesustodoandmakeallkinksofthings”?Readpara.3andanswerthequestions.Carefulreading2.Theessenceofscienceisallkindsofknowledge,withwhichwecandoallkindsofthings,includinggoodandbad.Scienceitselfisnotgoodorbad.Instead,whatwechoosetodowithitcanbegoodorbad.JustasFeynmansaid,“Scientificknowledgeisanenablingpowertodoeithergoodorbad—butitdoesnotcarryinstructionsonhowtoapplyit.2.Howdoyouunderstandthesentence“scientificknowledgeenablesustodoandmakeallkinksofthings”?Readpara.3andanswerthequestions.CarefulreadingReadpara.4andanswerthequestion.CarefulreadingWhatarethedutiesofscientists?Readpara.7andanswerthequestion.Rhetoricaldevice“Neverconcernedthattheanswermayletusdown,withpleasureandconfidenceweturnovereachnewstonetofindunimaginedstrangenessleadingontomorewonderfuluestionsandmysteries.”Whatanalogyisusedhereandwhat’sthefunction?RhetoricaldeviceWhenascientistdoesn’tknowtheanswertoaproblem,heisignorant.Whenhehasanideaastowhattheresultis,heisuncertain.Andwhenheisprettysureofwhattheresultisgoingtobe,heisstillinsomedoubt.(line27)Permitustoquestion—todoubt—tonotbesure.(line35)Feymanusedparallelismseveraltimesinhislecture.

Pleasefindthemoutandfigureouttheirfunctions.RhetoricaldeviceFeymanusedparallelismseveraltimesinhislecture.

Pleasefindthemoutandfigureouttheirfunctions.RhetoricaldeviceParallelismistherepetitionofsimilargrammaticalforms.Ithelpsmakeanideaorargumentclearandeasytoremember.Italsoshowsthateachrepeatedstructureisofequalimportance.Parallelismisapowerfultoolinpublicspeakingandwriting.ThefunctionofparallelismDiscussionFeymanbelievesthatofallscience’smanyvalues,thegreatestmustbethefreedomtodoubt.

Howdoyouunderstandthis?Thisbeliefexpressesasimilarmeaningtothisunit'sopeningquote"Thescientistismotivatedprimarilybycuriosityandadesirefortruth."Onlywhenscientistsraisedoubtscantheyopenuptheopportunitytoexploretheunknown,whichiswhatleadstoscientificachievements.Feynmanfurtheremphasizesthisvaluewhenhesays,"Permitustoquestion—todoubt—tonotbesure."Hepointsoutthatscientistsmustalwaysbeallowedtoquestionanddoubtthings,becauseheknowsitisthekeytohowscienceisabletoprogress.LanguagePoints1.itrepresentedthedestructionofpeopleanditputourfutureatrisk.(Lines3-5)riskv.&n.冒生死之险

v.____________________________冒险做...v.____________________________n.____________________________riskone’slife/livesriskdoingrun/taketheriskofsth/doing常见短语搭配：处境危险，在危险中atrisk自担风险，对发生的事情负责atone’sownrisk冒...的危险attheriskofHaveatry:1.Theyrisk_________(lose)everything.2.Themedicalstaff_______theriskoflosingtheirownlivesinthebatteleagainstCOVID-19lastyear.3.Hesavedmylife____________losinghisown.4.Personsswimmingbeyondthispointdoso_______________(冒着自身风险).5.Thatwouldmeanputtingotherchildren______(处境危险)?attheriskoflosingattheirownriskatriskran/took2.Istheresomeevilinvolvedinscience?(Lines4-5)involvesb/sthinsth/doingcausesb/sthtobepartof,includein,mixedwith,ordeeplyconcernedinsthordoingsth使参与,陷入或牵扯到不要把我卷入你们的争吵当中。Don'tinvolvemeinyourquarrel.贫穷使他家陷入不幸。Povertyinvolvedhisfamilyinmisfortune.印度现在困难重重。Indianhasbeendeeplyinvolvedindifficulty.3.Putanotherway,...(Line6)put(it)anotherway“换言之”,同义词组有：inotherwordsthatis(tosay)i.e.Asawisepersononceputit:Iftheonlytoolyouhaveisahammer,youtendtoseeeveryproblemasanail.Theyneedto_______________(付诸实施)and,justasimportant,todefendit.正如一个智者曾经指出的putitintopractice4....scientificknowledgeenablesustodoandmakeallkindsofthings.(Lines10-11)en-是个前缀，加在名词、形容词或其他动词前构成动词。1.表示“放进”，encase,enthrone2.表示“用什么包住”：enrobe3.表示“登上”，“登入”：entrain,enplane4.表示“使，使成为，使处于什么境地”：endanger,enable,enlarge,enrich,ensureencourage,enlighten,enforce5....itisnotonlytothecreditofscience...(Line12)creditcardTheyareworkinghardforthecreditofChina.Youmustpasstheexaminationtogetcreditforthecourse.Igivethemfullcreditfortheirwork.Heisveryawkwardaboutgiveusfurthercredit.Nocreditisgivenatthisshop.信用卡荣誉

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applytodosthn._____whomshouldIapply_____thelicense?Thenewdiscoverymay____________(apply)inmedicine.The___________(apply)ofnewscientificdiscoveriestoindustrialproductionmethodsusuallyincreasesefficiency.Toapplication6....butitdoesn’tcarryinstructionsonhowtoapplyit.

(Line14)forbeappliedapplicationSentenceStructuresQ1：这个句子是一个把介词短语置于句首的倒装句，那么它的正常语序应该是什么样子？Q2:请把inspiringonetolookdeepersti