Unit5FirstAidLearningAboutLanguageVing总结课件高中英语人教版选择性

不定式

todo过去分词

v-ed动名词v-ing现在分词v-ing非谓语动词1234动词v-ing动词-ing

动词-ingV-ing形式由“do＋ing”构成,其否定形式是“notdoing”,V-ing可以带宾语或状语构成V-ing短语,没有人称和数的变化,但有时态和语态的变化。语态时态主动语态被动语态一般式完成式(not)doing(not)beingdone(not)havingdone(not)havingbeendonedoing的一般式和完成式1.Climbingmountainsisdangerous.

主语2.Mybroyheralwayslovesplayingbasketballafterschool.宾语3.Hishobbyisplayinggames.表语观察下面句子并分析画线部分在句中所作的成分

5.Lookingdownatherphoneasshewalked,shehitthedoor.

定语4.TheladydoingthelivebroadcastiscalledQiaoBiluo.正在做直播的这位女士名叫乔碧萝。状语6.TheheadteachersawLiMingplayingwithsmartphoneintheclassroom.宾语补足语定语状语动词­ing形式在句中的语法作用v-ing形式动名词现在分词主语宾语表语定语定语表语状语宾补Playingwithfireisdangerous.Jimlikesjumpinginmuddypuddles.Peoplelivingtherearequitefriendly.Hereallyneedsawashingmachine.Theperformancewasreallyamazing.Laughingandtalking,theywentin.Ilovetowatchherperformingonthestage.V-ing用作主语The-ingformasthesubjectReadingaloudagoodwaytolearnaforeignlanguage.Goingtobedearlyandgettingupearly

consideredtobeagoodhabit.ListeningtotheEnglishtapesandwatchingEnglishfilms

goodwaystolearnEnglish.1.动词-ing形式作主语，往往表示抽象的、

的动作,通常直接置于

。单个的动名词（短语）作主语时谓语动词用单数；两个或多个动名词（短语）并列作主语时，如果是一件事谓语动词用______，如果是两件事,谓语动词要___

。

ObserveandFind习惯性句首单数复数isisare5.动词-ing与动词不定式作主语的区别：动词-ing作主语，常常表示抽象的习惯性或经常性的动作。而不定式一般表示一次性、具体性的行为。Deliveringnewspapersishisjob.送报纸是他的工作。Todelivernewspapersishisjobtoday.送报纸是他今天的工作。Climbingmountainscanbehardwork.爬山会相当辛苦。Toclimbthemountainswashardworkbutaswelookedaroundusweweresurprisedbytheview.虽然爬那些山很辛苦，但(具体爬那些山行为，这对那次旅游的具体场合而言)(指一般经常性道理)动词-ing形式作主语表示经常性或习惯性的动作且常放句首形容词性物主代词+动词-ing名词所有格+动词-ing动词-ing作主语动词-ing的复合结构It’sawastetimedoingsthIt’suseless/nouse/nogooddoingsthIt’snofundoingsthit作形式主语动词原形+-ing基本构成基本用法动词-ing与动词不定式作主语的区别V-ing用作宾语动词-ing形式作宾语1.作动词的宾语。一些及物动词之后只能接v-ing作宾语,不能接不定式。Wouldyoumindopeningthewindow?你介意打开窗户吗？Isuggestgoingswimmingnow.我建议现在就去游泳。常接动词-ing形式作宾语的动词可用下面的口诀帮助记忆：避免错过少延期（avoid,miss,postpone)建议完成多练习（advise,finish,practise)喜欢想象禁不住（enjoy,imagine,can'thelp)承认否定与嫉妒（admit,deny,envy)逃避冒险莫原谅（escape,risk,excuse)忍受保持不介意（stand,keep,mind)2.作介词的宾语例：Iamlookingforwardtoseeingyousoon.我期待早日再次见到你。Nobodyobjectstoworkingforanotherhourtoday.

没有人反对今天再工作一个小时。在下面的短语中，常用动词-ing形式作介词的宾语：lookforwardto渴望，盼望beresponsiblefor对……负责insiston坚持objectto反对，抗议prevent…from防止，阻止keep…from防止，阻止stop…from防止，阻止在下面的短语中，常用动词-ing形式作介词的宾语：devote…to献身于setabout着手做be/getusedto习惯于befondof喜欢beafraidof害怕betiredof对……厌烦succeedin成功地做……beinterestedin对……感兴趣3.有些动词或动词短语后跟动词-ing形式或不定式都可以，但意思不同。Iremembertomeetheratthestation.我记得要到车站见她。Irememberseeingheroncesomewhere.我记得曾在某个地方见过她。常见的有：remember/forgettodo...记着／忘记要做……remember/forgetdoing...记着／忘记做过……regrettodo...遗憾要做……regretdoing...后悔做了……trytodo...努力／试图做……trydoing...试着做……meantodo...打算做……meandoing...意味着做……stoptodo...停下来去做（另一件事）stopdoing...停止做……can'thelptodo...不能帮着做……can'thelpdoing...禁不住做……4.在有些动词的后面，如

start,begin,continue,like,love,hate,intend,prefer

等既可接动词-ing形式也可接不定式作宾语，两者意义区别不大。Theycontinuedworking/toworkasifnothinghadhappened.他们继续工作，似乎什么也没发生过。5.用it作形式宾语,真正的宾语是v.-ing形式。其结构如下:sb.+动词+it+adj.+doing常用动词有:think,consider,find,feel,believe等Ifoundituseless/nousecryingaboutit.我发现因为这件事哭泣没用。Doyoufeelitdifficulttryingagain?再来一遍你觉得难吗?

6.介词in常可省略的几类句型①主语+haveaproblem/trouble/difficulty/fun(+in)+doing...②主语+spendtime（+in）+doing...③主语+bebusy（+in）+doing...【对点训练】①(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)Andcontrarytoexistingresearchthatsaysyoushouldavoid______(eat)withheavierpeoplewhoorderlargeportions.②(2020·天津高考)Tohelpuspreparefortheexam,theteachersuggested__________(read)throughournotes.(2)Wouldyoumind_________(move)theboxforme?(3)Wearealllookingforwardto________(visit)themuseumsoon.

eatingreadingmovingvisiting(4)Hedoesn’treallymean___________(work)here,whichmeans__________(leave)thejobsoonafterwards.

(5)Thedeerwasluckyanditjustmissed______________(catch)bythehunter.

(6)Alicelooksforwardto______________(ask)togiveaspeechatthemeeting.(7)Haveyouconsidered___________(look)foronespecialfriend?toworkleavingbeingcaughtbeingaskedlooking

The–ingformasthePredicative(现在分词用作表语)1.动名词(短语)作表语,表示抽象的一般性的行为,用来说明主语的内容,与主语通常是同一概念,表语和主语常可互换位置。Myfavouritesportisswimming.=Swimmingismyfavouritesport.我最喜欢的运动是游泳。动词-ing形式作表语2.表示主语具有的特征、性质和状态(动词ing相当一个形容词）

Theproblemisquitepuzzling.这个问题很令困惑。Thefilmbeingshowninthecinemaisexciting.正在电影院上演的电影很激动人心。Thenewsisquiteshocking.这消息很令人震惊。注意：作表语的动词-ing形式,许多是由能够表示人们某种感情或情绪的动词变化而来的。常见的有:moving,interesting,encouraging,exciting,inspiring,boring,surprising,puzzling,amusing,astonishing等。这类词有“令人……的”的含义,常修饰物。3.过去分词与现在分词作表语的区别：Weare____________(interest)inthefilm.Thefilmis____________(interest)

tous.Michellesounded__________(excite)tohearthenews.Thenewssounded____________(excite).过去分词作表语一般形容人；现在分词作表语一般形容物interestedinterestingexcitedexcitingThequestionisrather__________(puzzle).puzzlingThestudentisquite___________(puzzle).puzzledinspiredMr.Smithdeliveredaspeech,whichwasvery___________(inspire).Theaudiencewere___________(inspire)afterlistenningtothespeech.inspiring1.Theplantsthattheyfoundtherewere

(astonish)2.Iwas

(astonish)tolearnthathislonglostchild

hadbeenfound.3.Itis________(amaze)thattheboyplayedthetrumpetsowellattheopeningceremony.

4.

He

looked

(interest)

in

the

idea

I

put

forward.

5.Pleasestopmakingthenoise—it’sgetting_______(annoy).

Exercisesastonishingastonishedamazinginterestedannoying6.Yourtaskis____________(clean)thelivingroombeforetheSpringFestival.

7.Herjobis__________(check)letterofcreditandtermsofcontract.8.Bebrave.Youlooklikea

___

bird(frighten)9.Thefiercelionlooks

___

(frighten).Keepawayfromitscageoritwillattackyou.cleaningcheckingfrightenedfrighteningPartOne

The–ingformastheAttributive(动词ing用作定语)V-ing作定语一、动词ing形式作定语的意义asleepingbabyabarkingdog现在分词作定语表示名词的状态：进行、主动。awashingmachine动名词作定语表示名词的性质、特征或用途。anexhaustingwork1.drinkingwater=waterfordrinking2.tiringmusic=musicthatistiring3.awalkingstick=astickforwalking4.asurprisingresult=aresultthatissurprisingI.–ing

formasattribute1,3:function2,4:action&state动名词作定语一般表示被修饰词的_______和______。性质用途现在分词作定语，表示________的或______的动作。正在进行主动定语：用来修饰、限定、说明名词或代词的品质与特征的。汉语翻译中中常用，“......的”表示。注意现在分词做定语的位置aninterestingfilmtherisingsun1.单个的现在分词作定语时，位于它所修饰的名词或代词_____boilingwater前面

asleepingdog一个睡觉的狗子Translation一个跳舞的女孩adancinggirlDoyouknowthemanplayingbasketball?=Doyouknowtheman

playingbasketball?2.现在分词短语作定语：通常_____，其作用相当于定语从句。whois后置Doyouknowthelovelycat

thepiano?=Doyouknowthelovelycat

thepiano?whoisplayingplaying1.Ihavesomethinginterestingtosay.2.Therewasnothingsurprisinghere.3.单个的过去分词修饰复合不定代词something,everything,anything,nothing,nobody等或指示代词those时，要放在这些词的_______后面

4.现在分词和过去分词作定语的区别amanreadingbooksausedbookboilingwaterboiledwaterasatisfyingfilmasatisfiedboy1.Doyouwanttoseethedoctor________

(work)onthecasereportintheoffice?2.Nothing_________

(report)inthenewspaperinterestedhim.3.Thechild________(stand)overthereismybrother.4.The_________(damage)bikewassenttotherepairman.reportedstanding

damaged

working1.Theman_______(sit)ontheplatformisaprofessorfromWuhanUniversity.2.Whoisthatgirl________(walk)alongtheriver?3.Thestadium_________(design)lastyearisthebiggestoneinourcity.4.Theman_________（stand)thereisourteacher.5.Theoldlady_________(talk)tothechildrenisafamousmusician.Exercisessittingwalkingstandingtalkingdesigned2.

-ing形式作表语：①泛指某种动作或行为,说明_____________________________________。②表示______________________。1.-ing形式作定语：①单个动词的-ing形式作定语,位于被修饰名词的前面,表示__________________________,_____________________,______________________。②-ing形式短语作定语，相当于一个________。定语从句被修饰者的作用或功能被修饰者的性质或程度被修饰者正在进行的动作主语所具有的特征主语的身份、性质或情况(动词ing用作状语)动词-ing形式是非谓语动词的一种，兼有动词和形容词的特征，在句中可作表语，定语，宾语补足语和状语，一般表示进行或主动的意思。动词-ing形式用作状语时，其逻辑主语必须与句子的主语一致，动词-ing形式所表示的动作和句子的主语是主动关系。动词-ing形式在句中可以作时间、原因、条件、让步、方式、伴随和结果状语。动词-ing形式作状语现在分词作时间状语时，相当于时间状语从句。可在现在分词前加连词“when,while,until”等，使其时间意义更明确。Walkinginthepark,shesawanoldfriend.＝When/while(shewas)walkinginthepark,shesawanoldfriend.当她在公园里散步时，她看到了她的一个老朋友。v-ing形式作时间状语e.g.Seeing

thepolice,hemadearunfortheexit.

一看到警察，他就朝出口奔去。分析：see的动作是由其逻辑主语“he”发出，与句子的主语he一致，且构成主动关系，所以用动词-ing形式。将下面的时间状语从句改写成简单句。Whenhewalkedoutoftheroom,hesawadog.Walkingoutoftheroom,hesawadog.1.作时间状语现在分词作原因状语时，可转换为由since,because或as引导的原因状语从句，这类状语多放在句子的前半部分。Beingill，hecouldn'tgotoschool.＝Ashewasill，hecouldn'tgotoschool.v-ing形式作原因状语e.g.Being

ill,hedidn’tgotoschoolyesterday.

因为生病了，他昨天没有上学。分析:Heisill是Hedidn’tgotoschool的原因。be的逻辑主语和句子主语是一致,主动关系。Notknowingtheway,hegotlost.翻译句子：由于不认路，他迷路了。

Ashe____________________,hegotlost.didn’tknowtheway动词-ing形式的否定式是在其前面加not。2.作原因状语现在分词作条件状语时，可转换为if,once或unless等引导的条件状语从句。Workinghard，you'llmakegreatprogress.＝Ifyouworkhard，you'llmakegreatprogress.v-ing形式作条件状语Ifwe___________,wewillsucceed.翻译句子：努力学习,我们就会成功。Studyinghard,wewillsucceed.studyhard3.作条件状语现在分词作让步状语时，相当于一个以though/although引导的让步状语从句。Workingorreading，shealwaysdidherbest.＝Whethersheworkedorread，shealwaysdidherbest.v-ing形式作让步状语e.g.Granting

thistobetrue,wecannotexplainit.

虽然我们承认这是事实，却无法予以说明。Knowingitisdifficult,Idon’tgiveup.翻译句子：虽然知道它很难，我也不放弃。AlthoughI_________________,Idon’tgiveup.knowitisdifficult4.作让步状语现在分词作方式，结果或伴随状语时，通常不能转换为状语从句，但可用并列分句代替。Istoodbythedoor，notdaringtosayaword.＝Istoodbythedoor，anddidn’tdaretosayaword.Hisparentsdied，leavinghimanorphan.＝Hisparentsdiedandlefthimanorphan.v-ing形式作方式/结果状语e.g.Yougavemesuchafrightcreepinguponmelikethat!

你那样不声不响地从后面过来，吓我一跳！

用动词-ing形式作状语的结构翻译下列句子。

1)请你用另一种方式回答问题。

2)她跑进屋里来。Pleaseanswerthequestionusinganotherway.Shecamerunningintotheroom.5.作方式状语e.g.Thechildfell,strikinghisheadagainstthedoorandcuttingit.那孩子跌倒了，头碰在门上磕破了。Hewentabroad,leaving

hisuncleabighouse.翻译句子：他出国了，留给他叔叔一间大房子。Hewentabroad

and________hisuncleabighouse.left

作结果状语1.

Havingfinishedhishomework,herushedouttoplaybasketball.2.Nothavingstudiedhislessonsveryhard,hefailedthetest.当--ing表示的动作发生在谓语动词之前时,应使用完成式:havingdone.

判断下列句子是否正确。Enteringtheroom,Ifoundthewallnewly-painted.Enteringtheroom,thefirstthingthatmeteyeswasthenewly-paintedwall.Beingverybusy,thefilmticketsweregiventoothers.Beingverybusy,Icouldnotaffordthetimetogotothecinema.Runningaftereachotherinthestreet,thetwoboyswereknockingdownbyabike.Runningaftereachotherinthestreet,abikeknockeddownthetwoboys.TFFTTF1._______(hear)thenews,theycouldn’thelpjumping.2.Becarefulwhen___________(cross)thestreet.3.__________________(work)forthreehours,hetookarest.4.___________(use)yourhead,you’llhaveagoodidea.5.___________(work)hard,hedidn’tfeelabittired.6.Theheavyrainlastedthreedays,__________(result)inserioustrafficjams.7.Thegirlcamein,_________(follow)herparents.8.________(walk)inthepark,shesawanoldfriend.9.Marysatbythewindowoftheclassroom,_________(read)abook.10._______________(finish)hishomework,Tomlistenedtomusic.ExercisesHearingcrossingHavingworkedUsingWorkingresultingfollowlingWalkingreadingHavingfinishedFocuson基本用法(动词ing用作宾语补足语)观察归纳：动词-ing形式作宾语补足语常放在宾语后面,对宾语进行补充说明表示一个____________________的动作,强调一个过程或一种状态。正在进行的主动性

1.读句子，思考V-ing作宾语补足语的作用是什么？1)Whenwereturnedtotheschool,wefoundastrangerstanding

attheentrance.2)Thebosskepttheworkersworkingthewholenight.2.接-ing形式作宾补的几类动词:①感官动词see,hear,feel,smell,notice,observe,lookat,listento等。1.Wesawalightburninginthewindow.2.Ifelt

someonepatting

meontheback.3.Canyousmellanything

burning?4.Listentothebirdssinging.②使役动词:have,set,keep,get,catch,leave等.1.Iwon'thaveyoudoingthat.2.Thissetmethinking.3.I'msorrytohavekeptyouwaiting.4.Ican'tgettheclockgoingagain.2.接-ing形式作宾补的几类动词:③在with的复合结构中1.Icouldn’tdomyhomeworkwiththenoisegoingonoutside.2.Withsomanypeoplelooking

ather,shefeltnervous.1.Wepassedbytheclassroomandsawtheteacher__________(make)theexperiment.2.WhenIcamein,IsawDr.Li_____________(examine)apatient.3.Attheairport,amandressedinablacksuitwascaught_______(spit)ont