英美文学大三上

THEANGLO-NORMAMPERIODPARTⅡtime:1066—1355(盎格鲁-诺曼时期)1somenewwordsHastings黑斯廷战役theAnglo-Saxons盎格鲁—撒克逊人Scandinavia斯堪的纳维亚半岛DukeofNormandy诺曼底公爵Teutonic条顿人、日耳曼人Celtic凯尔特人Arthur亚瑟人Charlemagne查理曼大帝Troy特洛伊Gawain高文Launcelot兰斯鲁特Merlin默林theHolyGrail圣杯2HistoricalBackgroundThemostimportantevents1.TheNormanConquestIn1066,atthebattleofHastings,William,theenergeticDukeofNormandy,defeatedtheAnglo-SaxonsandbecamethekingoftheEngland.2.TheconsequenceoftheconquestPolitically,afeudal(封建的）systermandacentralizedgovernmentwasestablishedinEngland.Religionsly,theRome-backedCatholic（天主教）churchhadamuchstrongercontroloverthecountry.3HistoricalBackgroundGreatchangestookplaceinlanguages,theNormanlordsspokeFrench;commonEnglishspokeoldEnglish;Latinbecametheprincipaltongueofchurchaffairsandwasusedbytheclergymen（牧师）andscholars.NormansbroughttheirownliteraturetoEngland.4MedievalEnglishLiteratureMedievalRomanceThefeatureofRomancea.TheRomancewasalongcomposition,sometimesinverse,sometimesinprose,describingthelifeandadventuresofanoblehero.b.Hero;usuallytheknight,amanofnoblebirth,skilledintheuseofweapons,setsoutonajourneytoaccomplishsomegoal---toprotectthechurchandtheking,toattackinfidelity,torescueamaiden,tomeetachallenge,ortoobeyaknightlycommand.c.Thestructureislooseandepisodic;thelanguageandstylearesimpleandstraightforeward.d.Itwswrittenforthenobleclass,soithadnothingtodowiththecommonpeople.5MedievalEnglishLiteraturee.Itexaggeratesthevicesofhumannatureandidealizesthevirtuesf.Itcontainsperilousadventuresmoreorlessremotefromordinarylife,evendiscribessupernaturalthings.6MedievalEnglishLiteratureRomancecycles1."MattersofBritain"(adventuresofkingAuthurandhisknightsoftheRoundTable)2."M