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2021年湖南省株洲市中考数学试卷

一、选择题(本大题共10小题,每小题有且只有一个正确答案,每小题4分,共40分)

1.若a的倒数为2,则〃=()

A.AB.2c.-AD.-2

22

2.方程三-1=2的解是()

2

A.x=2B.x=3C.x=5D.x=6

3.如图所示,四边形A8C。是平行四边形,点E在线段BC的延长线上,若/L>CE=132°,则乙4=()

4.某月1日-10日,甲、乙两人的手机“微信运动”的步数统计图如图所示,则下列错误的结论是()

A.1日-10日,甲的步数逐天增加

B.1日-6日,乙的步数逐天减少

C.第9日,甲、乙两人的步数正好相等

D.第11日,甲的步数不一定比乙的步数多

5-计算:-4X()

A.-25/2B.-2C.y/2D・2^/2

6.《九章算术》之“粟米篇”中记载了中国古代的“粟米之法”:“粟率五十,粉米三十…”(粟指带壳的谷

子,粉米指糙米),其意为:“50单位的粟,可换得30单位的物米…”.问题:有3斗的粟(1斗=10升),

若按照此“粟米之法”,则可以换得的粉米为()

A.1.8升B.16升C.18升D.50升

7.不等式组[0的解集为()

1-x+l>0

A.x<\B.xW2C.1<XW2D.无解

8.如图所示,在正六边形ABCDE尸内,以AB为边作正五边形4BG,/,则/以/=()

C.14°D.15°

9.二次函数丫=60?+公+。QW0)的图象如图所示,点尸在x轴的正半轴上,且OP=1,设M=ac(a+6+c),

则M的取值范围为()

A.M<-1B.-1<M<OC.A/<0D.M>0

10.某限高曲臂道路闸口如图所示,AB垂直地面/i于点4,BE与水平线/2的夹角为a(0°WaW9()°),

EF//l\//li,若AB=1.4米,BE=2米,车辆的高度为〃(单位:米),不考虑闸口与车辆的宽度:

①当a=90°时,〃小于3.3米的车辆均可以通过该闸口;

②当a=45°时,/?等于2.9米的车辆不可以通过该闸口;

③当a=60°时,人等于3.1米的车辆不可以通过该闸口.

则上述说法正确的个数为()

E

h

A.0个B.1个C.2个D.3个

二、填空题(本大题共8小题,每小题4分,共32分)

11.计算:(2a).

12.因式分解:6,-4孙=.

13.据报道,2021年全国高考报名人数为1078万,将1078万用科学记数法表示为1.078X10",则〃=.

14.抛掷一枚质地均匀的硬币两次,则两次都是“正面朝上”的概率是.

15.如图所示,线段BC为等腰AABC的底边,矩形ADBE的对角线AB与DE交于点。,若。。=2,则

AC=.

16.中药是以我国传统医药理论为指导,经过采集、炮制、制剂而得到的药物.在一个时间段,某中药房

的黄黄、焦山楂、当归三种中药的销售单价和销售额情况如表:

中药黄芭焦山楂当归

销售单价(单位:元/806090

千克)

销售额(单位:元)120120360

则在这个时间段,该中药房的这三种中药的平均销售量为千克.

17.点A(xi,户)、B(xi+1,”)是反比例函数丫=上图象上的两点,满足:当xi>0时,,均有yiV”,则

x

k的取值范围是.

18.《蝶几图》是明朝人戈汕所作的一部组合家具的设计图(“纯”为“嘘”,同"蝶”),它的基本组件为

斜角形,包括长斜两只、右半斜两只、左半斜两只、闺一只、小三斜四只、大三斜两只,共十三只(图

①中的“粽’和”宴’为“样”和“只”).图②为某蝶几设计图,其中△ABO和△CBQ为“大三斜”组

件(“一檬二:ft”的大三斜组件为两个全等的等腰直角三角形),已知某人位于点P处,点产与点A关于

直线力。对称,连接CP、DP.若/4。。=24°,则NOCP=度.

&

魏«.

・\

«

fwA

9

?

加$/

+

・.

♦♦•

周-

*M/.

*一

4

*

”1

,*18

图①图②

三、解答题(本大题共8小题,共78分)

19.(6分)计算:|-2|+V3sin60°-2

20.(8分)先化简,再求值:——.(1_2)一1_”其中x=&-2.

„2_4"xJx+2

21.(8分)如图所示,在矩形ABC。中,点E在线段C。上,点/在线段A8的延长线上,连接E尸交线

段8c于点G,连接B。,若DE=BF=2.

(1)求证:四边形8FEZ)是平行四边形;

22.(10分)将一物体(视为边长为2米的正方形A8CD)从地面PQ上挪到货车车厢内.如图所示,刚

K

开始点B与斜面Er上的点E重合,先将该物体绕点8(E)按逆时针方向旋转至正方形的位置,

再将其沿E尸方向平移至正方形A282c2。2的位置(此时点为与点G重合),最后将物体移到车厢平台面

MG上.已知MG〃PQ,NFBP=30°,过点尸作F”_LMG于点”,工米,EF=4米.

3

(1)求线段FG的长度;

(2)求在此过程中点A运动至点42所经过的路程.

23.(10分)目前,国际上常用身体质量指数“BM/”作为衡量人体健康状况的一个指标,其计算公式:BMI

=f_(G表示体重,单位:千克;人表示身高,单位:米).已知某区域成人的数值标准为:BMI

h2

<16为瘦弱(不健康);16WBM/C18.5为偏瘦;18.5WBM/V24为正常;24W8M/V28为偏胖;BMI,

28为肥胖(不健康).(女性身体属性与人数统计图)

某研究人员从该区域的一体检中心随机抽取55名成人的体重、身高数据组成一个样本,计算每名成人的

9W数值后统计:

(男性身体属性与人数统计表)

(1)求这个样本中身体属性为“正常”的人数;

(2)某女性的体重为51.2千克,身高为1.6米,求该女性的数值;

(3)当〃,23且"22(〃?、〃为正整数)时,求这个样本中身体属性为“不健康”的男性人数与身体属

性为“不健康”的女性人数的比值.

24.(10分)如图所示,在平面直角坐标系X。),中,一次函数y=2x的图象/与函数产区(k>0,x>0)

的图象(记为「)交于点A,过点A作AB_Ly轴于点8,且AB=1,点C在线段。8上(不含端点),且

oc=t,过点c作直线A〃x轴,交/于点》交图象r于点区

(1)求人的值,并且用含/的式子表示点力的横坐标;

(2)连接OE、BE、AE,记△OBE、△AOE的面积分别为Si、S2,设U=Si-S2,求U的最大值.

25.(13分)如图所示,AB是00的直径,点C、。是。。上不同的两点,直线8。交线段OC于点E、交

过点C的直线CF于点F,若OC=3CE,且9(EF2-C产)=OC2.

(1)求证:直线CF是。。的切线;

(2)连接0£>、A。、AC.DC,若NCOD=2NBOC.

①求证:XNCDsXOBE:

②过点E作EG〃AB,交线段AC于点G,点M为线段AC的中点,若AO=4,求线段MG的长度.

26.(13分)已知二次函数(a>0).

(1)若“=」,b=c--2,求方程以2+9+,=0的根的判别式的值;

2

(2)如图所示,该二次函数的图象与x轴交于点A(xi,0)、B(地,0),且xi<0<x2,与y轴的负半

轴交于点C,点。在线段。C上,连接AC、BD,满足NACO=N4B。,-A+C=xi.

a

①求证:△AOC丝△。。&

②连接8C,过点。作。E_LBC于点E,点F(0,xi-X2)在y轴的负半轴上,连接AF,且NACO=N

株洲市2021年初中学业水平考试

英语试题卷

第二部分知识运用(共两节,计25分)

第一节语法填空(共10个小题,每小题1分,满分10分)

从A、B、C三个选项中选择正确的答案填空。

21.OnJuly1st,we'llcelebratethebirthdayoftheCPC.

A.hundredthB.hundredC.hundreds

22.Wecarryforwardthespiritofservingthepeoplewhole-heartedly.

A.mightB.shouldC.could

23.TheMonkeyKingcanmake72changeshisshapeandsize.

A.onB.inC.to

24.cuteandlovelythebabiesare!Iwilltakecareofthemlikethey'remyownbabies.

A.WhatB.WhataC.How

25.ThisTVprogramdiscusseswherethebesttealeaves.

A.wereproducedB.haveproducedC.produced

26.Don'tplaywiththeknife,oryou'llcut.

A.itselfB.yourselfC.himself

27.Theactiveladieslikemusictheycandanceto.

A.thatB.whereC.who

28.XiaoYun,thechildwasjustborn.Histwoeldersistersareatschool.

A.youngerB.youngestC.older

29.Look!AllthestudentsEnglishpoems.Pleasetakeaphotofortheparents.

A.arereadingB.havereadC.read

30.AllthestudentsinGradeThreearegoingtothebanksoftheXiangjiangRiver.

A.turnupB.giveupC.cleanup

第二节完形填空(共10个小题,每小题2分,满分20分)

Alisonismybestfriend.Herfamilywona5-daystayinamountainhouse.HermomanddadsaidIcouldjoin.

Afewweekslater,we31.

“Whatagreatplace!wAlison'sdadsaid.

"It'slookinglikealittlecloudy/saidAlison'smom,lookingatthesky.

Asyoumighthaveguessed,thecloudsdidmean32.LOTSofrain.

“Iguesswellhavetofindsomethingelsetodo/saidAlison.

We33acoupleofboardgamesandapackofcards.Atfirstitwasfun,34weendedup

playingthosegamesforabout30hours,stoppingonlytoeatandsleep!

“Icannotplayanymore/Isaidonthethirdday."Howaboutwejustreadbyourselvesforawhile?"

“Ihaveabetteridea/saidAlison.Z/Howaboutwe35instead?"

“Ithinkalittlequiettimewouldbenice/Isaid,openingabookIhadbrought.

“Oh,comeon!Don'tbe36.I'llpickthefirstsong/Alisonstartedsinging.

“Couldyoupleaseleavemealone?”Isnapped(怒气冲冲地说).

“Wow!Happily!”shesappedhack.Z/Howaboutwebothleaveeachotheraloneforever?

Thismakesmethinkoftheexpression"toomuchofagoodthing”.Alison'sdadsaid,“Youknowhowone

pieceofcaketastes37,but10piecesofcakeistoomuch?Spendingeverysecondwithanyone一evenyour

favoriteperson-islike38toomuchcake.”

“Iguessthatmakessense/Alisonsaid.Shelookedat39.'Tmsorryfornotunderstanding?

'Tmsorryforsnappingatyou/Isaid.

Theweathergotwaybetteronthefourthday,soweactuallygottogooutside.Thehikingwasreallyfun!The

happiestpartofallisthatAlisonandIarestillgreat40.Wejustmakesuretogiveeachothersomepeace

whenweneedit.

31.A.arrivedB.leftC.ran

32.A.snowB.rainC.wind

33.A.stoleB.drewC.found

34.A.soB.butC.and

35.A.singB.readC.write

36.A.surprisingB.excitingC.boring

37.A.smellyB.deliciousC.bitter

38.A.eatingB.buyingC.making

39.A.herB.himC.me

40.A.friendsB.studentsC.players

第三部分阅读技能(共20个小题:每小题2分,满分40分)

阅读下面的材料,从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中,选出最佳选项回答问题或完成句子。

A

ENGLISHDAY

June22(Allday)

YangzhouMiddleSchool

DifferentEnglishactivitiesindifferentplaces

Alltheteachersarevolunteers.

Sam(Foreignteacher)MissLi,MissChenandMr.Zhang

Topic:EnglishsongsTopic:ReadingMissLiu

Place:PlaygroundPlace:ClassroomsTopic:Englishpoems

Place:Inthepavilion

MissYa,MissPengandMissHe

Topic:SpokenEnglish

Place:Underthetrees

41.Howmanyteacherswillteach?

A.FourB.Seven.C.Eight.

42.Thispicturemainlyintroducesan.

A.EnglishdayB.EnglishclassC.Englishcorner

B

Timespentonrcsding

Rrt4ie(beeii■■■>>

Rfttflat・,匕1・“・fiF・?

■・“♦・,pr,MMBe・...Km■Rii

HrM”Hber补MZMtlrrUh・•

RrHlatMlaMeitCi

Rra4iac>«iari^bMe«

~・•拿”••KiI

•St2SM

niaetnperda

43.Whatdopeoplespendthemosttimeon?

A.PCs.B.Printedbooks.C.Smartphones.

44.Howmanypartsdoesthetablecover?

A.6.B.7.C.ll.

45.Thetablemainlytellsuspeople'sreading.

A.habitsB.levelsC.methods

C

Foodisakindofculture.It'sanation'smemoryandpride.ThefamousFrenchbaguette(长棍面包)isoneof

theirmemoriesandprides.Frenchpeoplethinkitshouldbeprotected.z/ltismuchmorethanjustakindofbread.

ItisasymbolofFrance——it'sliketheEiffelTower/saidDominigueAnract,presidentoftheConfederationof

FrenchBakers.

Soit'snowonderthatagroupofFrenchcookswantthebaguettetobecomeaformofintangiblecultural

heritage(非物质文化遗产)listedbyUNESCO.Frenchcultureleadershavegivenasuggestiontothecountry's

president.

UNESCO'sintangibleheritagelistaimstoprotectculturefromtheinfluenceoftheworld.CooksinFrance

believethatifthebaguetteisonthelist,itwillbebetterprotected.ThelistalreadyincludesBelgianbeerand

Neapolitanpizza.

Thebaguettehasbeenprotectedbylawsince1993.Thelawsaysthebreadmustbemadewithonlythe

followingthings:water;wheatflour,yeastandsalt.Theflourshouldbefermented(发酵)for15to20hoursata

certaintemperature.Thisstrictrulemakesthefoodspecialanddelicious.

SixmillionbaguettesaresoldeverydayinFrance.However;assupermarketscontinuetotakeover,tensof

thousandsofshopshaveclosedsincethe1950s."Thefirstthingweaskofachildistogobuyabaguette/Anract

said."Wethinkitimportanttoprotectthesehabits/7

46.WhoisAnract?

A.PresidentoftheConfederationofFrenchBakers.

B.PresidentofUNESCO.

C.Managerofasupermarket.

47.Thecookswantthebaguettetobeonthelistbecauseitwill.

A.bebettercooked

B.becomeasymbolofFrance

C.bebetterprotected

48.Thebaguettehasbeenprotectedbylawsince.

A.1950B.1993C.2020

49.HowmanybaguettesaresoldeverydayinFrance?

A.Sixmillion.B.Tenthousand.C.Sixthousand.

50.Thepassagemainlytellsus.

A.whatthesymbolofFranceis

B.howtomakeFrance'sfamousbread

C.France'sfamousbreadshouldbeprotected

D

Ifyou'veeverwalkedthroughfog(雾),youmighthavenoticedthatyourskinandhairgetwet.Thisis

becausefogismadeoftinywaterdrops.Scientistsarehelpingpeoplecollectthesedropstomakedrinkingwater.

Insometowns,thereisnofreshwater.Peopletherehavetousetruckstocarryfreshwater.Itisexpensive.

Sincerainfallstotheground,itcaneasilybecollectedintotanks(水箱).Butthewaterdropsthatmakeup

fogdon'thittheground.Instead,theyfloat(漂浮)intheair.Toturnfogintowater,youhavetocatchthewater

drops.

Afogcatcherismadeofnetswithtwoposts.Thenetsareusuallysetuponahilltop.Asfogpassesby,the

netscatchthewaterdrops.Thedropsrundownthenetsandintochannels.Thechannelsleadthewaterintolarge

tankswhereitcanbestored.Afogcatchercancollect10,000litersofwateraday.Scientistshavehelpedsetup

fogcatchersfortownsinChile,NepalandMexico.

Fogcatchersareagreatwayforpeopleinsmallandlonelytownstohavetheirownfreshwater.Centuries

beforescientistscreatedfog-catchingnets,naturewasmakingfogintowateronitsown.Asfogpassedthrough

themountains,largeleavesgotthedropsjustlikethenetsdo.Peoplelearnedtodrinkthewatercollectedonthe

leaves.Thankstomodernfogcatchers,enoughwatercanbemadeforawholetown!

51.Whatdoestheword"It"inParagraph2mean?

A.Trucks'carrying.B.Raincollecting.C.Fogcatching

52.Whatisafogcatchermadeof?

A.Tanks.B.Leaves.C.Nets.

53.Afogcatchercancollectofwateraday.

A.1,000litersB.10,000litersC.11,000liters

54.Centuriesagopeoplelearnedtodrinkthewatercollected.

A.inchannelsB.onthenetsC.ontheleaves

55.Whatcanbethebesttitleofthepassage?

A.CatchingFogB.CatchingRainC.CatchingSnow

E

"Mom!Ifoundone!Ifoundarock!”

IheardthosewordsagainandagainlastsummerasIsatbythewindow,whichfacesaparkinthesmalltown

whereIlive.

TheKindnessRocksProject,whichwasstartedafewyearsagobyamominMassachusetts,hasspread

aroundtheworld.Kids,families,andpeopleofallagesaretakingpartinpaintingrocks,hidingrocks,andfinding

paintedrocksallovertheplace.Somepostphotosoftherocksonsocialmedia(传媒),andotherssimplymove

therocksforsomeoneelsetofind.Sometaketherockshomeandthenreplacethemwithnewonesthatthey

createdandhid.

Nine-year-oldtwinsHarryandHannahDeVriezehavepaintedhundredsofrockswiththeirparents.Most

evenings,thefamilyandtheirsmalldogwalkaroundwithawagon(运货车)fullofrocksthattheyhideasthey

walk.

"It'safunfamilyactivity/Hannahsays.

〃Wew川doitinthewintertoo/Hannahsays.

BenBurinsky,agenine,andhisbrother,Luke,ageseven,werevisitingrelatives(亲戚)whentheyfoundtheir

firstpaintedrockinapark.Theyweresoexcitedthattheywenthomeandpaintedtheirownrocks,thenhidthem

forotherstofind.

〃Myboyslovedfindingtherockinthepark,especiallysinceitwasasuperhero/theirmother,JudyBurinsky,

says./zllovehowsomethingsosmallcanbringasmiletomychildren'sfaces.Inreturn,theylearnthevalueof

givingbacktoothers//

KadynKinney,agenine,andhisseven-year-oldbrother,Jayce,havealsopaintedmanyrocks.Theyloveto

hiderocksandlookforrockswiththeirmomanddad.Whentheirgrandmothervisited,theygaveherpainted

rockstotakehomeandhideintheFloridatownwhereshelives.Whenaskedhowmanyrockshehaspaintedso

far,Jaycesays,“Trustme!I'vepaintedmorethan30.”

56.Theactivitywasstartedin.

A.NewYorkB.FloridaC.Massachusetts

57.HowoldisHarry?

A.7.B.9.C.10.

58.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“value“inParagraph8mean?

A.价值B.价格C.代价

59.Jaycehaspaintedmorethanrocks.

A.14B.18C.30

60.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?

A.Thekindpeople.B.TheKindnessRocksProject.

C.Thepaintedrocks.

第四部分写作技能(共三节,满分40分)

第一节双向翻译(共5个小题,每小题3分,满分15分)

根据上下文将文中画线部分译成汉语或者英语。

TheInternetandyourfriendsinfluenceyourbeautystandards.61.你的朋友总是在网上发照片。Theywant

toshowofftheirbeautifuldressesorstrongbodies,andyouwillcompareyourselftothem.

Firstofall,nottofollowpopularbeautystandardsblindly.Theyareoutofreachfor99%ofus,soit'sbetter

tojustforgetaboutthem.

62.Anothersuggestionistotsllyourselfthatyouarespecial.Talkaboutyourfeelingswithsomeoneyou

trust.Hearinghowmuchtheyvalueyoucanhelpyoufeelcomfortableinyourownskin.63.每个人都了不起。

Everyonehastheirowntalents.

Finally,itisagoodideatotrytodirectyourattentionawayfrombadthoughts.Toachievethis,youshoulddo

somethingyouenjoy.Youcanenjoyyourselvesbylearning.64.Thisisalifelongjourneybecauseeven/daybrings

somethingnew.Youcanalsotakepartinsocialactivities,likeplayingsportswithyourfriends.Thesethingscan

helpyoutakeyourmindoffmattersthatworryyouandmakeyoufeelgoodaboutyourself

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