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2021年湖南省株洲市中考数学试卷
一、选择题(本大题共10小题,每小题有且只有一个正确答案,每小题4分,共40分)
1.若a的倒数为2,则〃=()
A.AB.2c.-AD.-2
22
2.方程三-1=2的解是()
2
A.x=2B.x=3C.x=5D.x=6
3.如图所示,四边形A8C。是平行四边形,点E在线段BC的延长线上,若/L>CE=132°,则乙4=()
4.某月1日-10日,甲、乙两人的手机“微信运动”的步数统计图如图所示,则下列错误的结论是()
A.1日-10日,甲的步数逐天增加
B.1日-6日,乙的步数逐天减少
C.第9日,甲、乙两人的步数正好相等
D.第11日,甲的步数不一定比乙的步数多
5-计算:-4X()
A.-25/2B.-2C.y/2D・2^/2
6.《九章算术》之“粟米篇”中记载了中国古代的“粟米之法”:“粟率五十,粉米三十…”(粟指带壳的谷
子,粉米指糙米),其意为:“50单位的粟,可换得30单位的物米…”.问题:有3斗的粟(1斗=10升),
若按照此“粟米之法”,则可以换得的粉米为()
A.1.8升B.16升C.18升D.50升
7.不等式组[0的解集为()
1-x+l>0
A.x<\B.xW2C.1<XW2D.无解
8.如图所示,在正六边形ABCDE尸内,以AB为边作正五边形4BG,/,则/以/=()
C.14°D.15°
9.二次函数丫=60?+公+。QW0)的图象如图所示,点尸在x轴的正半轴上,且OP=1,设M=ac(a+6+c),
则M的取值范围为()
A.M<-1B.-1<M<OC.A/<0D.M>0
10.某限高曲臂道路闸口如图所示,AB垂直地面/i于点4,BE与水平线/2的夹角为a(0°WaW9()°),
EF//l\//li,若AB=1.4米,BE=2米,车辆的高度为〃(单位:米),不考虑闸口与车辆的宽度:
①当a=90°时,〃小于3.3米的车辆均可以通过该闸口;
②当a=45°时,/?等于2.9米的车辆不可以通过该闸口;
③当a=60°时,人等于3.1米的车辆不可以通过该闸口.
则上述说法正确的个数为()
E
h
A.0个B.1个C.2个D.3个
二、填空题(本大题共8小题,每小题4分,共32分)
11.计算:(2a).
12.因式分解:6,-4孙=.
13.据报道,2021年全国高考报名人数为1078万,将1078万用科学记数法表示为1.078X10",则〃=.
14.抛掷一枚质地均匀的硬币两次,则两次都是“正面朝上”的概率是.
15.如图所示,线段BC为等腰AABC的底边,矩形ADBE的对角线AB与DE交于点。,若。。=2,则
AC=.
16.中药是以我国传统医药理论为指导,经过采集、炮制、制剂而得到的药物.在一个时间段,某中药房
的黄黄、焦山楂、当归三种中药的销售单价和销售额情况如表:
中药黄芭焦山楂当归
销售单价(单位:元/806090
千克)
销售额(单位:元)120120360
则在这个时间段,该中药房的这三种中药的平均销售量为千克.
17.点A(xi,户)、B(xi+1,”)是反比例函数丫=上图象上的两点,满足:当xi>0时,,均有yiV”,则
x
k的取值范围是.
18.《蝶几图》是明朝人戈汕所作的一部组合家具的设计图(“纯”为“嘘”,同"蝶”),它的基本组件为
斜角形,包括长斜两只、右半斜两只、左半斜两只、闺一只、小三斜四只、大三斜两只,共十三只(图
①中的“粽’和”宴’为“样”和“只”).图②为某蝶几设计图,其中△ABO和△CBQ为“大三斜”组
件(“一檬二:ft”的大三斜组件为两个全等的等腰直角三角形),已知某人位于点P处,点产与点A关于
直线力。对称,连接CP、DP.若/4。。=24°,则NOCP=度.
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图①图②
三、解答题(本大题共8小题,共78分)
19.(6分)计算:|-2|+V3sin60°-2
20.(8分)先化简,再求值:——.(1_2)一1_”其中x=&-2.
„2_4"xJx+2
21.(8分)如图所示,在矩形ABC。中,点E在线段C。上,点/在线段A8的延长线上,连接E尸交线
段8c于点G,连接B。,若DE=BF=2.
(1)求证:四边形8FEZ)是平行四边形;
22.(10分)将一物体(视为边长为2米的正方形A8CD)从地面PQ上挪到货车车厢内.如图所示,刚
K
开始点B与斜面Er上的点E重合,先将该物体绕点8(E)按逆时针方向旋转至正方形的位置,
再将其沿E尸方向平移至正方形A282c2。2的位置(此时点为与点G重合),最后将物体移到车厢平台面
MG上.已知MG〃PQ,NFBP=30°,过点尸作F”_LMG于点”,工米,EF=4米.
3
(1)求线段FG的长度;
(2)求在此过程中点A运动至点42所经过的路程.
23.(10分)目前,国际上常用身体质量指数“BM/”作为衡量人体健康状况的一个指标,其计算公式:BMI
=f_(G表示体重,单位:千克;人表示身高,单位:米).已知某区域成人的数值标准为:BMI
h2
<16为瘦弱(不健康);16WBM/C18.5为偏瘦;18.5WBM/V24为正常;24W8M/V28为偏胖;BMI,
28为肥胖(不健康).(女性身体属性与人数统计图)
某研究人员从该区域的一体检中心随机抽取55名成人的体重、身高数据组成一个样本,计算每名成人的
9W数值后统计:
(男性身体属性与人数统计表)
(1)求这个样本中身体属性为“正常”的人数;
(2)某女性的体重为51.2千克,身高为1.6米,求该女性的数值;
(3)当〃,23且"22(〃?、〃为正整数)时,求这个样本中身体属性为“不健康”的男性人数与身体属
性为“不健康”的女性人数的比值.
24.(10分)如图所示,在平面直角坐标系X。),中,一次函数y=2x的图象/与函数产区(k>0,x>0)
的图象(记为「)交于点A,过点A作AB_Ly轴于点8,且AB=1,点C在线段。8上(不含端点),且
oc=t,过点c作直线A〃x轴,交/于点》交图象r于点区
(1)求人的值,并且用含/的式子表示点力的横坐标;
(2)连接OE、BE、AE,记△OBE、△AOE的面积分别为Si、S2,设U=Si-S2,求U的最大值.
25.(13分)如图所示,AB是00的直径,点C、。是。。上不同的两点,直线8。交线段OC于点E、交
过点C的直线CF于点F,若OC=3CE,且9(EF2-C产)=OC2.
(1)求证:直线CF是。。的切线;
(2)连接0£>、A。、AC.DC,若NCOD=2NBOC.
①求证:XNCDsXOBE:
②过点E作EG〃AB,交线段AC于点G,点M为线段AC的中点,若AO=4,求线段MG的长度.
26.(13分)已知二次函数(a>0).
(1)若“=」,b=c--2,求方程以2+9+,=0的根的判别式的值;
2
(2)如图所示,该二次函数的图象与x轴交于点A(xi,0)、B(地,0),且xi<0<x2,与y轴的负半
轴交于点C,点。在线段。C上,连接AC、BD,满足NACO=N4B。,-A+C=xi.
a
①求证:△AOC丝△。。&
②连接8C,过点。作。E_LBC于点E,点F(0,xi-X2)在y轴的负半轴上,连接AF,且NACO=N
株洲市2021年初中学业水平考试
英语试题卷
第二部分知识运用(共两节,计25分)
第一节语法填空(共10个小题,每小题1分,满分10分)
从A、B、C三个选项中选择正确的答案填空。
21.OnJuly1st,we'llcelebratethebirthdayoftheCPC.
A.hundredthB.hundredC.hundreds
22.Wecarryforwardthespiritofservingthepeoplewhole-heartedly.
A.mightB.shouldC.could
23.TheMonkeyKingcanmake72changeshisshapeandsize.
A.onB.inC.to
24.cuteandlovelythebabiesare!Iwilltakecareofthemlikethey'remyownbabies.
A.WhatB.WhataC.How
25.ThisTVprogramdiscusseswherethebesttealeaves.
A.wereproducedB.haveproducedC.produced
26.Don'tplaywiththeknife,oryou'llcut.
A.itselfB.yourselfC.himself
27.Theactiveladieslikemusictheycandanceto.
A.thatB.whereC.who
28.XiaoYun,thechildwasjustborn.Histwoeldersistersareatschool.
A.youngerB.youngestC.older
29.Look!AllthestudentsEnglishpoems.Pleasetakeaphotofortheparents.
A.arereadingB.havereadC.read
30.AllthestudentsinGradeThreearegoingtothebanksoftheXiangjiangRiver.
A.turnupB.giveupC.cleanup
第二节完形填空(共10个小题,每小题2分,满分20分)
Alisonismybestfriend.Herfamilywona5-daystayinamountainhouse.HermomanddadsaidIcouldjoin.
Afewweekslater,we31.
“Whatagreatplace!wAlison'sdadsaid.
"It'slookinglikealittlecloudy/saidAlison'smom,lookingatthesky.
Asyoumighthaveguessed,thecloudsdidmean32.LOTSofrain.
“Iguesswellhavetofindsomethingelsetodo/saidAlison.
We33acoupleofboardgamesandapackofcards.Atfirstitwasfun,34weendedup
playingthosegamesforabout30hours,stoppingonlytoeatandsleep!
“Icannotplayanymore/Isaidonthethirdday."Howaboutwejustreadbyourselvesforawhile?"
“Ihaveabetteridea/saidAlison.Z/Howaboutwe35instead?"
“Ithinkalittlequiettimewouldbenice/Isaid,openingabookIhadbrought.
“Oh,comeon!Don'tbe36.I'llpickthefirstsong/Alisonstartedsinging.
“Couldyoupleaseleavemealone?”Isnapped(怒气冲冲地说).
“Wow!Happily!”shesappedhack.Z/Howaboutwebothleaveeachotheraloneforever?
Thismakesmethinkoftheexpression"toomuchofagoodthing”.Alison'sdadsaid,“Youknowhowone
pieceofcaketastes37,but10piecesofcakeistoomuch?Spendingeverysecondwithanyone一evenyour
favoriteperson-islike38toomuchcake.”
“Iguessthatmakessense/Alisonsaid.Shelookedat39.'Tmsorryfornotunderstanding?
'Tmsorryforsnappingatyou/Isaid.
Theweathergotwaybetteronthefourthday,soweactuallygottogooutside.Thehikingwasreallyfun!The
happiestpartofallisthatAlisonandIarestillgreat40.Wejustmakesuretogiveeachothersomepeace
whenweneedit.
31.A.arrivedB.leftC.ran
32.A.snowB.rainC.wind
33.A.stoleB.drewC.found
34.A.soB.butC.and
35.A.singB.readC.write
36.A.surprisingB.excitingC.boring
37.A.smellyB.deliciousC.bitter
38.A.eatingB.buyingC.making
39.A.herB.himC.me
40.A.friendsB.studentsC.players
第三部分阅读技能(共20个小题:每小题2分,满分40分)
阅读下面的材料,从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中,选出最佳选项回答问题或完成句子。
A
ENGLISHDAY
June22(Allday)
YangzhouMiddleSchool
DifferentEnglishactivitiesindifferentplaces
Alltheteachersarevolunteers.
Sam(Foreignteacher)MissLi,MissChenandMr.Zhang
Topic:EnglishsongsTopic:ReadingMissLiu
Place:PlaygroundPlace:ClassroomsTopic:Englishpoems
Place:Inthepavilion
MissYa,MissPengandMissHe
Topic:SpokenEnglish
Place:Underthetrees
41.Howmanyteacherswillteach?
A.FourB.Seven.C.Eight.
42.Thispicturemainlyintroducesan.
A.EnglishdayB.EnglishclassC.Englishcorner
B
Timespentonrcsding
Rrt4ie(beeii■■■>>
Rfttflat・,匕1・“・fiF・?
■・“♦・,pr,MMBe・...Km■Rii
HrM”Hber补MZMtlrrUh・•
RrHlatMlaMeitCi
Rra4iac>«iari^bMe«
~・•拿”••KiI
•St2SM
niaetnperda
43.Whatdopeoplespendthemosttimeon?
A.PCs.B.Printedbooks.C.Smartphones.
44.Howmanypartsdoesthetablecover?
A.6.B.7.C.ll.
45.Thetablemainlytellsuspeople'sreading.
A.habitsB.levelsC.methods
C
Foodisakindofculture.It'sanation'smemoryandpride.ThefamousFrenchbaguette(长棍面包)isoneof
theirmemoriesandprides.Frenchpeoplethinkitshouldbeprotected.z/ltismuchmorethanjustakindofbread.
ItisasymbolofFrance——it'sliketheEiffelTower/saidDominigueAnract,presidentoftheConfederationof
FrenchBakers.
Soit'snowonderthatagroupofFrenchcookswantthebaguettetobecomeaformofintangiblecultural
heritage(非物质文化遗产)listedbyUNESCO.Frenchcultureleadershavegivenasuggestiontothecountry's
president.
UNESCO'sintangibleheritagelistaimstoprotectculturefromtheinfluenceoftheworld.CooksinFrance
believethatifthebaguetteisonthelist,itwillbebetterprotected.ThelistalreadyincludesBelgianbeerand
Neapolitanpizza.
Thebaguettehasbeenprotectedbylawsince1993.Thelawsaysthebreadmustbemadewithonlythe
followingthings:water;wheatflour,yeastandsalt.Theflourshouldbefermented(发酵)for15to20hoursata
certaintemperature.Thisstrictrulemakesthefoodspecialanddelicious.
SixmillionbaguettesaresoldeverydayinFrance.However;assupermarketscontinuetotakeover,tensof
thousandsofshopshaveclosedsincethe1950s."Thefirstthingweaskofachildistogobuyabaguette/Anract
said."Wethinkitimportanttoprotectthesehabits/7
46.WhoisAnract?
A.PresidentoftheConfederationofFrenchBakers.
B.PresidentofUNESCO.
C.Managerofasupermarket.
47.Thecookswantthebaguettetobeonthelistbecauseitwill.
A.bebettercooked
B.becomeasymbolofFrance
C.bebetterprotected
48.Thebaguettehasbeenprotectedbylawsince.
A.1950B.1993C.2020
49.HowmanybaguettesaresoldeverydayinFrance?
A.Sixmillion.B.Tenthousand.C.Sixthousand.
50.Thepassagemainlytellsus.
A.whatthesymbolofFranceis
B.howtomakeFrance'sfamousbread
C.France'sfamousbreadshouldbeprotected
D
Ifyou'veeverwalkedthroughfog(雾),youmighthavenoticedthatyourskinandhairgetwet.Thisis
becausefogismadeoftinywaterdrops.Scientistsarehelpingpeoplecollectthesedropstomakedrinkingwater.
Insometowns,thereisnofreshwater.Peopletherehavetousetruckstocarryfreshwater.Itisexpensive.
Sincerainfallstotheground,itcaneasilybecollectedintotanks(水箱).Butthewaterdropsthatmakeup
fogdon'thittheground.Instead,theyfloat(漂浮)intheair.Toturnfogintowater,youhavetocatchthewater
drops.
Afogcatcherismadeofnetswithtwoposts.Thenetsareusuallysetuponahilltop.Asfogpassesby,the
netscatchthewaterdrops.Thedropsrundownthenetsandintochannels.Thechannelsleadthewaterintolarge
tankswhereitcanbestored.Afogcatchercancollect10,000litersofwateraday.Scientistshavehelpedsetup
fogcatchersfortownsinChile,NepalandMexico.
Fogcatchersareagreatwayforpeopleinsmallandlonelytownstohavetheirownfreshwater.Centuries
beforescientistscreatedfog-catchingnets,naturewasmakingfogintowateronitsown.Asfogpassedthrough
themountains,largeleavesgotthedropsjustlikethenetsdo.Peoplelearnedtodrinkthewatercollectedonthe
leaves.Thankstomodernfogcatchers,enoughwatercanbemadeforawholetown!
51.Whatdoestheword"It"inParagraph2mean?
A.Trucks'carrying.B.Raincollecting.C.Fogcatching
52.Whatisafogcatchermadeof?
A.Tanks.B.Leaves.C.Nets.
53.Afogcatchercancollectofwateraday.
A.1,000litersB.10,000litersC.11,000liters
54.Centuriesagopeoplelearnedtodrinkthewatercollected.
A.inchannelsB.onthenetsC.ontheleaves
55.Whatcanbethebesttitleofthepassage?
A.CatchingFogB.CatchingRainC.CatchingSnow
E
"Mom!Ifoundone!Ifoundarock!”
IheardthosewordsagainandagainlastsummerasIsatbythewindow,whichfacesaparkinthesmalltown
whereIlive.
TheKindnessRocksProject,whichwasstartedafewyearsagobyamominMassachusetts,hasspread
aroundtheworld.Kids,families,andpeopleofallagesaretakingpartinpaintingrocks,hidingrocks,andfinding
paintedrocksallovertheplace.Somepostphotosoftherocksonsocialmedia(传媒),andotherssimplymove
therocksforsomeoneelsetofind.Sometaketherockshomeandthenreplacethemwithnewonesthatthey
createdandhid.
Nine-year-oldtwinsHarryandHannahDeVriezehavepaintedhundredsofrockswiththeirparents.Most
evenings,thefamilyandtheirsmalldogwalkaroundwithawagon(运货车)fullofrocksthattheyhideasthey
walk.
"It'safunfamilyactivity/Hannahsays.
〃Wew川doitinthewintertoo/Hannahsays.
BenBurinsky,agenine,andhisbrother,Luke,ageseven,werevisitingrelatives(亲戚)whentheyfoundtheir
firstpaintedrockinapark.Theyweresoexcitedthattheywenthomeandpaintedtheirownrocks,thenhidthem
forotherstofind.
〃Myboyslovedfindingtherockinthepark,especiallysinceitwasasuperhero/theirmother,JudyBurinsky,
says./zllovehowsomethingsosmallcanbringasmiletomychildren'sfaces.Inreturn,theylearnthevalueof
givingbacktoothers//
KadynKinney,agenine,andhisseven-year-oldbrother,Jayce,havealsopaintedmanyrocks.Theyloveto
hiderocksandlookforrockswiththeirmomanddad.Whentheirgrandmothervisited,theygaveherpainted
rockstotakehomeandhideintheFloridatownwhereshelives.Whenaskedhowmanyrockshehaspaintedso
far,Jaycesays,“Trustme!I'vepaintedmorethan30.”
56.Theactivitywasstartedin.
A.NewYorkB.FloridaC.Massachusetts
57.HowoldisHarry?
A.7.B.9.C.10.
58.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“value“inParagraph8mean?
A.价值B.价格C.代价
59.Jaycehaspaintedmorethanrocks.
A.14B.18C.30
60.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?
A.Thekindpeople.B.TheKindnessRocksProject.
C.Thepaintedrocks.
第四部分写作技能(共三节,满分40分)
第一节双向翻译(共5个小题,每小题3分,满分15分)
根据上下文将文中画线部分译成汉语或者英语。
TheInternetandyourfriendsinfluenceyourbeautystandards.61.你的朋友总是在网上发照片。Theywant
toshowofftheirbeautifuldressesorstrongbodies,andyouwillcompareyourselftothem.
Firstofall,nottofollowpopularbeautystandardsblindly.Theyareoutofreachfor99%ofus,soit'sbetter
tojustforgetaboutthem.
62.Anothersuggestionistotsllyourselfthatyouarespecial.Talkaboutyourfeelingswithsomeoneyou
trust.Hearinghowmuchtheyvalueyoucanhelpyoufeelcomfortableinyourownskin.63.每个人都了不起。
Everyonehastheirowntalents.
Finally,itisagoodideatotrytodirectyourattentionawayfrombadthoughts.Toachievethis,youshoulddo
somethingyouenjoy.Youcanenjoyyourselvesbylearning.64.Thisisalifelongjourneybecauseeven/daybrings
somethingnew.Youcanalsotakepartinsocialactivities,likeplayingsportswithyourfriends.Thesethingscan
helpyoutakeyourmindoffmattersthatworryyouandmakeyoufeelgoodaboutyourself
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