全国高等教育自学考试英语阅读(二)试题及答案

全国2010年10月高等教育自学考试英语阅读（二）试题课程代码：00596全部题目用英文作答(翻译题除外)，并将答案写在答题纸相应位置上I.ReadingComprehension.(50points,2pointsforeach)Directions:Inthispartofthetest,therearefivepassages.Followingeachpassage,therearefivequestionswithfourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.ChoosethebestanswerandthenwritethecorrespondingletteronyourAnswerSheet.PassageOneAnimallifefirstappearedontheearthabout400millionyearsago.Throughthepassingmillennia,thousandsofanimalspecieshavecomeandgone.Untilrecently,thisprocesswasgradual,theresultofchangesinclimate,inhabitat,orinthegenesoftheanimalsthemselves.Butthetremendousexpansionofmoderncivilizationnowthreatenstoupsetthisnaturalbalance,puttingunprecedentedpressureonthesurvivalofourwildlife.Ofallthecontinents,themostdrasticreductioninwildlifehasoccurredinNorthAmerica,wherethetransitionfromaruraltoahighlyindustrializedsocietyhasbeenmostrapid.Amongthevictimsarebirds,mammals,andfish.Wewillneveragainseethepassengerpigeonortheeasternelk.Theyhavebeenwipedout.Ofmanyotherspecies,onlyafewrepresentativesstillsurviveinthewild.TheU.S.DepartmentoftheInteriorhasputnofewerthan109speciesontheendangeredspecieslist.Thislistincludeseverythingfromthetimberwolftothewhoopingcrane.Eventhebaldeagle,ournationalsymbol,isthreatened.Animalsthatkillothergameforfoodarecalledpredators.Thepredatorsincludethewolf,mountainlion,fox,bobcat,andbear.AttackagainsttheseanimalsbeganwiththearrivalofthefirstEuropeansettlers,whowishedtoprotecttheirlivestock.Eventually,arewardwasofferedtohuntersforeverypredatorthatwaskilled.Thisrewardiscalledabounty.Ironically,theFederalgovernmentwasthechieffunderofpredator-controlprograms.ThesettlersalsobroughtwiththemtheirOldWorldfearsandsuperstitionsconcerningpredators．Whetherpreyingonlivestockornot，predatorswereshotonsight．Thisattitudecontinuestothisdayforcoyotes，eagles，foxes，mountainlions，andbobcats，andislargelyresponsibleforplacingtheeasterntimberwolf,grizzlybear,andbaldeagleontheendangeredspecieslist．Yeteveryanimal，includingthepredator,hasitsplaceinnature’sgranddesign．Predatorshelpmaintainthehealthoftheirpreyspeciesbyeliminatingthediseased，young，old，andinjured．Predatorslikethemountainlionandthewolfhelptokeepthedeerherdshealthy．Theirkillalsoprovidesfoodforscavengersthatfeedoncarrion．Occasionallossoflivestockmustbeweighedagainstthegoodtheseanimalsdoinmaintainingthebalanceofnature．Questions1-5arebasedonPassageOne．1．Thefastestdisappearanceofwildlifehasoccurredin______．A．Europe B．AustraliaC．NorthAmerica D．SouthAmerica2．Themajorthreatstowildlifeinthemodernworldcomefrom______．A．industrializationandurbanization．B．changesinclimate，habitat，orthegenesC．rapidincreaseinman’spopulationD．theuseofpesticides3．Anendangeredspeciesistheonethat______．A．killsotheranimalsforfoodB．facesextinctionthusneedsprotectionC．isdangeroustohumanbeingsD．1ivesinplacesofdanger4．“Animalsthatkillothergameforfoodarecalledpredators．”(Para．3)Theword“game”means______．A．animalsthatkillpredatorsforfoodB．animalsthatfeedoncarrionC．animalsthatarehuntedforfoodD．animalsthatappearontheendangeredspecieslist5．Bountyhuntersarethosewho______·A．takecareofthewildareas B．killpredatorsformoneyC．preservewildanimals D．protectthehabitatofthewildlifePassageTwoTheestablishmentofEarthDaybeganwithanideaproposedinOctober1969byJohnMcConnell，aSanFranciscoresident．McConnellapproachedtheSanFranciscoBoardofSupervisorswitharesolutiontodevoteonedayayeartopublicawarenessdedicatedtonatureandthefragileecosystemthatcomprisesit．Theday’seventswouldemphasizetheurgencyofallinhabitantsoftheplanettotakeresponsibilityforbuildingahealthyandecologicallysustainableplanet．TheboardwasimpressedwithMcConnell’sideaanddeclaredEarthDayanannualcelebrationtobeheldonMarch21，thedateofthevernalequinox．McConnellstated，“Thisisthemomentwhennightanddayareequalthroughouttheearth—remindingusofEarth’sbeautifulsystemsofbalancewhichhumanityhaspartiallyupsetandmustrestore．’’EarthDaywasestablishedasanationaldayofcelebrationintheUnitedStatesin1970andwasembracedbytheUnitedNationsin1971whenitdeclaredanEarthDayceremonytobeheldeachyearonthedayoftheMarchEquinox．In1970，SenatorGaylordNelson，proposedanEarthWeekforthethirdweekinAprilandtogetherwithBruceAnderson，anarchitectofsolarenergyandenvironmentalauthor,co-foundedEarthDayUSA．ThefirstnationalEarthDaywascelebratedintheUnitedStatesonApril22，1970．Twentymillionparticipantsnationwidetookpartinteach-ins，streetdemonstrations，andworkshopsin2,000communitiesand12，000collegeandhighschoolcampuses．Themajorpublicconcernatthattimewasindustrialpollutionanditseffectontheairwebreathe，thewaterwedrink，andthehealthoftheplanetweliveon．Thosecelebrationsledtooverwhelmingpublicoutcriesforlegislationmandatingecologicallysoundenvironmentalpoliciesandrigidcontrolsonindustrialpollution．Overtheyears,theissuesofconcernhaveexpandedgreatlyintoallaspectsofair,water,soil,andnoisepollution.Whetheritcomesfromvehicles,factories,agriculture,housing,orprivateproperty,publicconcernandactivismcontinueunabatedwithcitizensfromaroundtheworldinvolvedineffortstoachieveasustainableandenduringecosystem.Questions6-10arebasedonPassageTwo.6.Thispassagemainlydiscusses______.A.howEarthDayoriginatedanddevelopedB.whyEarthDaywassetonthedayofvernalequinoxC.whyJohnMcConnellproposedtheideaofEarthDayD.whatthemajorpublicconcernwasinthe1970s7.EarthDaywasfirstproposedto______.A.reflectpublicconcernforindustrialpollutionatthetimeB.callforlegislationonenvironmentC.achieveasustainableandenduringecosystemD.raisethepublicawarenessofnatureandtheecosystem8.ThemajorconcernofthefirstnationalEarthDayintheUnitedStateswas_______.A.deforestationanddesertizationB.airpollutionandwaterpollutionC.agriculturalwasteandpesticideuseD.industrialpollutionanditseffect9.Accordingtothelastparagraph,peoplehavenowrealized______.A.theestablishmentoftheEarthDaycandolittletosaveourplanetB.theimportanceofprotectingourenvironmentandtheecosystemC.JohnMcConnell’sproposalplayedanimportantroleinsavingourplanetD.theissuesofconcernofEarthDayhaveexpandedgreatlyintoallaspectsofair,water,soil,andnoisepollution10.Theword“enduring”inthelastsentenceprobablymeans______.A.lasting B.toleratingC.strengthening D.deterioratingPassageThreeSeveralmonthsagoIdecideditwouldbewisetoinvestigatethepossibilitiesofbuyingalifeinsurancepolicy,iffornootherreasonthanbecauseIunderstooditmightbeagoodinvestment.Igotthenameofaninsuranceagentfromafriendandcalledtheagenttogetsomeinformation.FromthekindsofquestionsIputtohim,theagentwouldtellthatIknewnothingaboutinsurancesohekindlyofferedtoexplorethematterwithmeinmoredetail—tohelpmedeterminethekindofpolicyIoughttobeconsidering.Thateveningheappearedatmydoorpromptlyat7:30;withoutwastingtimeonamenities,hespreadhispapersoutonthekitchentableandlaunchedintoalengthyexplanation.Ilistenedattentivelyashetalkedaboutthedifferencebetweenvarioustypesofpolicies,andheexplainedthekindofcoveragehefeltIoughttohavebecauseofmyagebracketandfinancialobjectives.Towardtheendoftheevening(afterthreeorfourhoursoftalking),hekindlyhelpedmefilloutanapplicationfora50,000dollarpolicy,andthenheaskedifIcouldgotoaDr.Luther’sofficeonFridayforaphysicalexamination.Idon’tknowwhy,butitwasnotuntilthementionofthedoctor’sappointmentthatIrealizedfullywhatwashappening.Iwasabouttosignalifetimecontract,yetIhadnotreallymadeadecisionaboutwhetherIwantedtobuythepolicyornot.Asamatteroffact,thequestionoftheneedforadecisionfrommeonewayortheotherhadnotevencomeup.SuddenlyIfeltsurethatIdefinitelydidnotwanttobuythepolicy.However,sincehehadspentsomuchtimewithme,Ididn’twanttomakehimfeelthathehadwastedhistime.SoIinventedanexcuseaboutthingsIhadtodoonFriday,andIassuredhimIwouldcallhiminafewdays.Actually,IhadnointentionofgoingtoseeDr.Lutherorofcallingtheagentagain.Iwantedtoforgetthewholething.It’sbeenoverthreemonthsnowsinceourmeeting,andmyfriendlyinsuranceagentstillcallsatmyofficefaithfullytwoorthreetimesaweek.MysecretaryknowsthatIdon’twanttotalktohim,sowhenhecallsshetellshimthatI’minameetingorthatI’moutoftheofficeorthatI’mawayonabusinesstrip.IrealizenowthatitwasamistakenottotellhimoutrightthatI’mnotinterested,andpleasenottobothermeanymore,allIcandoistoavoidhiscallsandhopeIdon’trunintohimsomeplace.Questions11-15arebasedonPassageThree.11.Thewritergotthenameoftheinsuranceagentfrom______.A.aTVcommercial B.oneofhisfriendsC.aninsurancecompany D.oneofhiscolleagues12.Whydidthewriterphonetheinsuranceagent?A.Hewantedtofilloutanapplicationforalifeinsurancepolicy.B.Hehaddecidedtobuyalifeinsurancepolicy.C.Hewantedtoexplorethepossibilitiesofbuyingalifeinsurancepolicy.D.Hetookgreatinterestintheinsurancecompany.13.Afterhelpingthewriterfillouttheapplication,theagentaskedif______.A.hewassatisfiedwithhisexplanationB.hecouldpaytheinsurancepremiumimmediatelyC.hecouldrecommendotherpeopletobuyalifeinsuranceD.hecouldgotothedoctor’sforaphysicalcheck-up14.Whatdoyouthinkaboutthesecretary?A.Sheisdishonest. B.Sheisexperienced.C.Sheissophisticated. D.Sheissympathetic.15.“...allIcandoistoavoidhiscallsandhopeIdon’trunintohimsomeplace.”(Para.4)Theexpression“runintohim”means______.A.beingcaughtbyhim B.gettinghimannoyedC.meetinghimaccidentally D.seeinghimasscheduledPassageFourWeallknowthatpeoplesometimeschangetheirbehaviorwhensomeoneislookingtheirway.Now,anewstudyreportedonlineonApril2ndinCurrentBiologyshowsthatjackdaws—birdsrelatedtocrowswitheyesthatappearsimilartohumaneyes—candothesame.“Jackdawsseemtorecognizetheeye’sroleinvisualperception,orattheveryleasttheyareextremelysensitivetothewaythathumaneyesareoriented,”saidAugustevonBayern,formerlyoftheUniversityofCambridgeandnowattheUniversityofOxford.Whenpresentedwithapreferredfood,hand-raisedjackdawstooksignificantlylongertoretrievetherewardwhenapersonwasdirectinghiseyestowardsthefoodthanwhenhewaslookingaway,accordingtotheresearchteamledbyNathanEmeryoftheUniversityofCambridge.Thebirdshesitatedonlywhenthepersoninquestionwasunfamiliarandthuspotentiallythreatening.Inaddition,thebirdswereabletointerprethumancommunicativegestures,suchasgazealternationandpointingtohelpthemfindhiddenfood,theyfound.Thebirdswereunsuccessfulinusingstaticcues,includingeyegazeorheadorientation,inthatcontext.Unlikemostbirds,jackdaws’eyeshaveadarkpupilsurroundedbyasilverywhiteiris.Theresearcherssaidtheybelievejackdawsareprobablysensitivetohumaneyesbecause,asinhumans,eyesareanimportantmeansofcommunicationforthem.Thehand-raisedbirdsexaminedinthestudymaybeevenbetterthanwildjackdawsatattendingtohumangazeandrespondingtothegesturesofthepeoplewhohaveraisedthem.Thefindingsareparticularlynotablegiventhatmostotherspeciesinvestigatedsofar,includingourclosestrelativesthechimpanzeeand“man’sbestfriend,”thedog,arenotparticularlysensitivetoeyeorientationandeyegaze,vonBayernsaid.Rather,shecontinued,chimpsanddogsseemtorelyonothercuessuchasheadorbodyorientationindeterminingthelookingdirectionofothersanddonotappeartoappreciatetheeyesasthevisualorgans.Theresultssuggestthatbirdsmaydeservemorerespectfortheirmentalabilities.Questions16-20arebasedonPassageFour.16.Accordingtothereport,whendoesahand-raisedjackdawhesitatetotakeapreferredfood?A.Whenthefeederislookingawayfromthefood.B.Whenthefeederisunfamiliartothebird.C.Whenthe.feederholdsthefoodinhishand.D.Whenthefeederislookingatthefood.17．Accordingtotheresearchers，jackdawscannoticehumaneyeorientationprobablybecause______．A．1ikehumans，theyalsouseeyestocommunicateB．theyarefarmoreintelligentthanotherbirdsC．theyaremostlyhand-raisedbyhumansD．theireyesalsohaveadarkpupil18．Accordingtothe4thparagraph，jackdawsaregoodatinterpretingallofthefollowingcuesEXCEPT______．A．alternatingone’sgazetoanotherdirectionB．pointingtowherethefoodishiddenC．keepingalonggazeatonedirectionD．directingone’seyestowardsthefood19．Whydoestheauthorrefertochimpanzeesanddogsinthelastparagraph?A．Tosuggestthattheyaremuchbetteratinterpretinggazealternation．B．Toillustratehowuniquejackdawsareinbeingabletonoticegazeorientation．C．Tomakeclearthattheyrelyonothermeansindeterminingpeople’sintention．D．Toshowthattheycommunicatemorefrequentlywithhumansthanjackdaws．20．Whatdoestheresearchfindingsuggest?A．Weknowembarrassinglylessaboutbirdsthanweassume．B．Thecloserwecommunicatewithanimals，thebetterweunderstandthem．C．Notalljackdawsaregoodatattendingtohumangaze．D．Wemayhaveunderestimatedjackdaws’mentalabilities．PassageFiveAlthoughBeethovencouldsitdownandmakeupmusiceasily,hisreallygreatcompositionsdidnotcomeeasilyatall．Theycosthimagreatdealofhardwork．Weknowhowoftenherewroteandcorrectedhisworkbecausehisnotebooksarestillkeptinmuseumsandlibraries．Healwaysfoundithardtosatisfyhimself．Whenhewas28,theworstdifficultyofallcametohim.Hebegantonoticeastrangehumminginhisears.Atfirsthepaidlittleattention;butitgrewworse,andatlastheconsulteddoctors.Theygavehimtheworstnewsanymusiciancanhear:hewasgraduallygoingdeaf.Beethovenwasindespair;hewassurethathewasgoingtodie.Hewentawaytothecountry,toaplacecalledHeiligenstadt,andfromtherehewrotealongfarewelllettertohisbrothers.Inthishetoldthemhowdepressedandlonelyhisdeafnesshadmadehim.“Itwasimpossibleformetoaskmentospeaklouderorshout,forIamdeaf,”hewrote.“HowcouldIpossiblyadmitaninfirmityintheonesense(hearing)whichshouldhavebeenmoreperfectinmethaninothers...Imustlivelikeanexile.”Helongedtodie,andsaidtodeath,“Comewhenyouwill,Ishallmeetyoubravely.”Infact,Beethovendidsomethingbraverthandying.Hegatheredhiscourageandwentonwritingmusic,thoughhecouldhearwhathewroteonlymoreandmorefaintly.Hewrotehisbestmusic,themusicwerememberhimfor,afterhebecamedeaf.Insteadoftheelegantandstatelymusicthatearliermusicianshadwrittenfortheirwealthylisteners,Beethovenwrotestormy,exciting,revolutionarymusic,whichremindsusofhistroubledandcourageouslife.Hegrewtoadmirecouragemorethananything,andhecalledoneofhissymphoniesthe“Eroica”orheroicsymphony,“tocelebratethememoryofagreatman”.DescribingthedramaticopeningnotesofhisfamousFifthSymphony,hesaid,“thusfateknocksonthedoor”.Inthoseyearswhenhewentcompletelydeafhewrotemoregloriouslythanever.Hecould“hear”hismusicwithhismind,ifnotwithhisears.Hisfriendshadtowritedownwhattheywantedtosaytohim.Hewaslonelyandoftenunhappy,butinspiteofthis,heoftenwrotejoyfulmusic.Inhislastsymphony,theNinth,achoirsingsawonderfulHymnofJoy.Becauseofhiscourageanddeterminationtoovercomehisterribledisaster,hismusichasgivenjoyandinspirationtomillionsofpeople.Questions21-25arebasedonPassageFive.21.Whenhefirstlearnedthathewasgraduallygoingdeaf,Beethovenacceptedthefact______.A.placidly B.courageouslyC.despairingly D.gracefully22.“HowcouldIpossiblyadmitaninfirmityintheonesense...”Theword“infirmity”isclosestinmeaningto______.A.weakness B.strengthC.deafness D.disorder23.Beethovan’sbestpieceofmusicwascomposed______.A.inhisprimetimeB.shortlybeforehisdeathC.whenhenoticedahumminginhisearsD.whenhebecamecompletelydeaf24.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthispassage?A.Beethoven’sLifeStoryB.Beethoven’sFatefulHearingLossC.TheMusicofBeethovenD.Beethoven’sCourageousTriumphOverTragedy25.Thispassageisarrangedin______.A.chronologicalorder B.spatialorderC.flashbacks D.general-specificpatternII.Vocabulary.(10points,1pointforeach)Directions:Scanthefollowingpassageandfindthewordswhichhaveroughlythesamemeaningsasthosegivenbelow.Thenumberinthebracketsaftereachworddefinitionreferstothenumberofparagraphinwhichthetargetwordis.WritethewordyouchooseontheAnswerSheet.Dogsareextremelyusefulascompanionsforblindpeople.Whenadoghasbeenproperlytrained,hewillalwaysleadhisblindmaster.intherightdirectionandkeephimoutofdanger.Forexample,seeing-eyedogslearnnevertocrossabusyroadwhencarsarecoming,eveniftheirmasterscommandthemtodoso.Horsesarealsoabletolearnmanythingstoo.Horsesthatareusedforguardorpolicedutymustlearnnevertobefrightenedofnoises,traffic,andotherdisturbance.Racinghorsesareabletorunmuchfasterthanotherhorses,buttheyarealsoquitehighstrung.Therefore,itisnecessaryforpeoplewhotrainthemtobeverypatientandunderstanding.Pigeonshaveanaturalinstincttoreturnhome,eveniftheyareveryfarawayandthetripishardordangerous.Menutilizethishominginstincttosendmessagesonsmallpiecesofpaperthatarefastenedtothepigeon’sbackorlegs.Inwartime,pigeonshavebeenknowntoflyasfastas75milesanhourandtocoverdistancesof500to600miles.Thesehomingpigeonsbegintheirtrainingwhentheyareaboutfourweeksold.Afterafewweekstheycanbeginflyingandcarryingmessages.Ifallgoeswell,theirflyingcareerlastsaboutfouryears.Animalscanlearntodomanythingsthat,whilenotnecessarilyuseful,areveryamusingtowatch.Incircuses,animalsaretaughttodothetricksthataremostcompatiblewiththeirphysicalandtemperamentalmake-up.Lionsandtigerscanbetaughttospringgracefullywhentoldtodoso,ortostayinplaceoncommand.Elephantslearntowalkinline,tostandontheirhindlegs,tolieontheirsides,andtostandontheirhead.Theycanalsolearntodance.26.apersonoranimalaccompanyingsomeone(Para.1)27.giveanauthoritativeorder(Para.1)28.somethingthatdistractsone’smind(Para.2)29.aninnatebehaviorinresponsetocertainstimuli(Para.3)30.makepracticalandeffectiveuseof(Para.3)31.tocontinuetofunctionwell(Para.3)32.entertaining(Para.4)33.suitable(Para.4)34.jumpormakeasuddenmovementforward(Para.4)35.ofthebackpart(Para.4)III．Summarization．(20points，2pointsforeach)Directions：Inthissectionofthetest,therearetenparagraphs．Eachoftheparagraphsisfollowedbyanincompletephraseorsentencewhichsummarizesthemainideaoftheparagraph．SpelloutthemissinglettersofthewordonyourAnswerSheet．ParagraphOneWhenyouhavetoexplainhowsomethingisdone，youusuallyfollowachronologicalsequenceandgiveastep-by-stepdescription．Asthestepsmustoccuroneafteranother,theexactorderinwhichtheyarecarriedoutismostimportant．36．Ingivingexplanations，p______descriptionisveryimportant．ParagraphTwoQuiteanumberofpeoplebelievethatwomen’sabilitiesarenotsogoodasmen’s．Asaresult，mostemployersdonotchoosewomentobeinchargeofimportantprojects．ButIthinksuchviewisridiculous．Everyoneisbornequalandtheabilityiscultivatedlaterthrougheducation，socialactionandcommunication．37．Theprevalenta______towardsworkingwomenshouldbechanged．ParagraphThreeAsweallknow,inthisrapidlychangingworld，competitionishereandthere，especiallyforhighpositions．Forthatreason，itiscrucialforthosewhooperatethecompanyormanagethecity,townandsoontomakedecisions，sotheworkitselfneedshighqualitypeopletomakethingsbetterandbetter．38．Peopleshouldimprovethemselvestoqualifyforkeypositionsinpoliticsandb______．ParagraphFourWorkinginmoreflexibleandfriendlyenvironmentscanimprovethebalancebetweenstudents，schoolworkandtheirlives．Nothavingtocommuteaddsextratimetotheday,asmuchasseveralhoursaweekforsomestudents．Thusdistanceeducationcanalsoreducestress，allowingstudentsextratimetostudy．39．DistanceeducationCanimprovestudents’l______，motivationandinteractivity．ParagraphFiveSomepeopleworryabouttheviolenceinTVprogramsandtheireffectonyoungpeople.Othersconsiderthatthesesameprogramsareanopportunityforustoreleaseourstrongeremotion,ourfeelingsofangeroranxiety.Mostpeoplewouldagreethough,thatextremeviolenceshouldbekeptawayfromchildren.40.Thoughinterpreteddifferently,mostpeoplestillagreethatchildrenbekeptawayfromv___.ParagraphSixPaintersandsculptorscreateimagesofthehumanform;writerstellstoriesorcomposepoemsabouthumanexperience;historiansandphilosopherspondertheessentialqualitiesofhumancivilizationandnature.Andinourownlives,wespendagreatdealofourenergyandattentiononobservingourfellowcreatureswithcuriosityandinterest.41.Oneofthemainpreoccupationsoftheartsandhumanitiesistheo______ofhumanbeings.ParagraphSevenNewclimatesimulationsfromNASAshowthatunderthewarmerglobaltemperaturesofthe20thcentury,watervaporintheatmospheretooklongerthannormaltofalloutoftheskyasrain,snowandotherprecipitation.Generallyspeaking,theamountdecreasedoverlandbutincreasedoveroceans.42.Warmerweatherp____lessrainonlandbutmoreatsea.ParagraphEightThere’snoeasywaytoadmitthis.Foryears,helpfulletterwriterstoldustosticktoscience.Theypointedoutthatscienceandpoliticsdon’tmix.Theysaidweshouldbemorebalancedinourpresentationofsuchissuesascreationism,missiledefenseandglobalwarming.WeresistedtheiradviceandpretendednottobestungbytheaccusationsthatthemagazineshouldberenamedUnscientificAmerican,orScientificUnamerican,orevenUnscientificUnamerican.43.Readers’criticismhaslongbeeni____byScientificAmerican.ParagraphNineForthousandsofyears,peoplearoundtheworldhaveaddedspecialmeaningstoflowersandplants.Inthe1800sflowerlanguagereacheditsheightofpopularityduringtheruleofQueenVictoriainEngland.Inthe19thcenturyexplorerswerebringingbackplantsfromallovertheworld.Abeautifulgardenwasonewaytoshowaperson’ssocialpositionandgoodtaste.44.Flowerse______differentfeelingsandemotions.ParagraphTenVisitorstoBritainareoftensurprisedtofindthattheweatherisanalmostendlesstopicofconversation.ThisisnotbecausetheBritisharenotbrightenoughtothinkofanythingelsetotalkabout,butbecausethereisalwaysafeatureofsurpriseintheBritishclimate.Weneverknowwhatisinstoreforusthenextday.45.Theclimaticv______inBritain.IV.Translation.(20points,4pointsforeach)Directions:Inthefollowingpassage,therearefivegroupsofunderlinedsentences.ReadthepassagecarefullyandtranslatethesesentencesintoChinese.WritetheChineseversiononyourAnswerSheet.Judgingfromcountlessmediareportsinnewspapersfromcoasttocoast,itwouldsurelyseemthatwehavefinallygotahandleontheNation’scrimeproblem.ThemostrecentFBIreleaseofcrimestatisticsfor1995revealedawelcomedropinviolentcrime,includingan8percentdeclineinhomicide.46.Afterfourstraightyearsoflowercrimelevels,somecrimeexpertsandlawenforcementofficialshaveevendaredboldlytosuggestthatwe’rewinningthewaragainstcrime.Thoughrecenttrendsareencouraging,atleastsuperficially,thereislittletimetocelebratethesesuccesses.Itisdoubtfulthattoday’simprovingcrimepicturewilllastforverylong.Mostlikely,thisisthecalmbeforethecrimestorm.47.Whilemanypoliceofficialscanlegitimatelyfeelgratifiedaboutthearrestedcrimerate—betterthatitbedownthanup—thereismuchmoretothegreatcrimedropstory.Hiddenbeneaththeoveralldropinhomicideandotherviolentcrimeisasoaringrateofmayhemamongteenagers.48.ThereareactuallytwocrimetrendsongoinginAmerica—onefortheyoungandoneforthemature,whicharemoving