考研《英语一》甘肃省甘南藏族自治州迭部县2023年考前冲刺预测试卷含解析

考研《英语一》甘肃省甘南藏族自治州迭部县2023年考前冲刺预测试卷SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Seaturtlesarefoundinallwarmwatersthroughouttheworld.Seaturtlesarethe1oftheturtles.Thelargestkindofseaturtlecangrowaslongaseightfeetand21,500pounds.Eventhesmallestkind,Kemp’s-Ridley,can3to28incheslongandweighalmost100pounds.Manyotherturtlesaresmallenoughto4inyourhand.Itisdifficulttofindpopulationnumbersforseaturtlesbecausetheydonot5shoreoncetheyhatchandreachtheocean,whichmakesithardto6them.Seaturtles7inthewaterbecausetheyaresaferthere.Theycannot8theirheadsandfeetintotheirshellslikeotherturtlescan.Seaturtlescannothideinsidetheirshells9otheranimalsthatwanttoeatthem.Theyneedtomovequicklytostaysafe.Whentheweather10warm,seaturtlesleavetheoceanto11theireggsonthebeach.Thisistheonlytimetheywilleverleavethewater.Most12turtlesspendpartofthetimeinwater13partofthetimeonland.Itiseasytounderstand14seaturtlesstayinthewater.Their15toswimisgreaterthantheirabilitytowalk.Theirheavybodiesandunusualfeetmakeithardforthemto16onland.Theyarebetter17forlifeinthewater.Theyarewellsuitedforlifeintheseabecauseof18theirbodiesaremade.Thewaytheirfeetaremadehelpsseaturtlesswimveryquickly.Theirfeetlooklikelong19Whentheyswim,theyflaptheirfeetlikeabirdflapsitswings.This20wayofswimmingbenefitsseaturtles.Itallowsthemtoescapefromtheirenemies.1、A．dwarfs B．giants C．mammals D．ancestors2、A．measure B．weigh C．sell D．sound3、A．growup B．bringup C．takeup D．goup4、A．suit B．fit C．match D．seize5、A．goto B．turnto C．backto D．returnto6、A．keepupwith B．keeptrackof C．keepintouchwith D．keepto7、A．swim B．hide C．sleep D．stay8、A．push B．draw C．drag D．pull9、A．away B．from C．for D．to10、A．becomes B．turns C．changes D．leads11、A．lay B．lie C．laid D．lain12、A．theother B．another C．other D．others’13、A．but B．and C．or D．so14、A．when B．where C．why D．as15、A．technique B．talent C．ability D．opportunity16、A．walk B．travel C．wander D．play17、A．adopted B．adapted C．adequate D．admitted18、A．theway B．themanner C．themethod D．theshape19、A．paddles B．sticks C．wings D．tails20、A．abnormal B．unusual C．ordinary D．unbelievableSectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)Text1BrightSidedidsomeresearchonmanyplacesthroughouttheworldwhereyoucanbuyahousefor1dollarorforfree!Roubaix,FranceIfyoulikeFrance,RoubaixlocatedinthenorthofFranceisjustforyou.Thelocalauthoritieswantittobepopulatedandattractive.Youcanbuyasmallhouseintheindustrialdistrictforjust$1.Thebuyerissupposedtoliveinthishousefor3years.Buffalo.USABuffaloofferswhoeverqualifiestobuyahousefor$1.Allyouneedistobealawfulcitizenofthecityandinvestamountofmoneyintoitsdecoration.Doingthis,theauthoritiesarehopingtomakethecitybeautifulagainwithoutspendingmoney.Liverpool,GreatBritainInLiverpool,mostofhouseswereabandonedbytheworkingclassduringtheyearsofunemployment.Thegovernmentistryingtosellthehousesforjust$1.Ifyouwanttobuysuchahouse,ithastobeyourfirstdealonbuyingproperty(不动产).Candela,ItalyIfyoustillhaveanydoubtsaboutspendingSIonahouse,youshouldknow:thegovernmentwillpayyousomemoney,ifyoumovetoCandela.Inordertobepaid,youneedtobecomeapermanentcitizenandhaveanincomeof$72peryear.Ifmovinga,ne,youwillgetS800,andifyouaregoingwithyourfamily,thepaycanbefourtimesasmuchasonlyoneperson.Formoreinformationofothercities,pleaseClickHere.1、WhydotheauthoritiesofBuffaloprovideahouseforpeoplewith1$?A．Toimprovethelivesofpoorpeople.B．Tomakethecityattractiveatnocost.C．Tosolvetheproblemsofemployment.D．Toattractpeopletotheindustrialareas.2、Whatisrequiredtobuyahousefor1dollarinLiverpool?A．Youneedtobeanunemployedcitizen.B．Youshouldliveinthehousefor3years.C．Youmustmakethefirsthousepurchase.D．Youhavetorepairanddecoratethehouse.3、HowmuchmoneycanyougetifmovingtoCandelawithawholefamily?A．$3200 B．$1C．$800 D．$724、Wheredoesthispassagecomefrom?A．atextbook. B．amagazine.C．theInternet. D．anannouncement.Text2Parisisthecityofdreams.IfyouplantoheadtoParisforastudyperiod,thenperhapsalittlerealitycheckisinorder.Butmyexperiencewasaromanticone.IpavedmypathtoParisthroughanexchangeprogram.OnarrivalinParis,IwasconstantlyremindedoftheofficialprocessesIhadtocomplete—formstobefilledin,meetingstoattend,thelistseemedendless.Thentherealworkbegan.Onceclasseswereunderway,Ifoundmyselfvolunteeringtodooralpresentationsandassignmentsfirst,ratherthanlast.Thismethodprovedtobeveryhelpful.OnceIhadfinishedclassfortheweek,Ihadanever-increasinglistofmuseumstovisit,neighborhoodstoexplore,andcaféstositin.ReadbooksaboutParis.Talktolocalsandotherforeignerslivingthere.ButtheonethingthatreadingabookortalkingtosomeonecannotdoistoprovideyouwiththeexperienceofwanderingParisonfoot.Thepeoplewatching,thesoundsofthecity,thecolorsastheseasonschange,theyalladdtotheecstasythatIexperienceinParisasanexchangestudent.Afterspendingfivemonthswanderingthroughthecharmingneighborhoods,Ifellinlovewiththeatmospherethatcameoutfromeveryopendoor,andwitheveryspokenword.ThereissomethingcomfortingaboutwalkingtothemarketeachSundaytoenjoythebeautifuldisplayoffruits,vegetablesanddairyproducts.Thereiswarmthinsayingbonjourtothepassers-by.OnmylastdayinParis,Iconfidentlysaid,“BonjourMonsieur,”asIpassedthelittlestoredownthestreet.IguessthebestpartaboutgoingonexchangeinParisisfallinginlovewiththecityinyourownway.AndIknowmineisuniqueandspecialtome,myownlittlepiecesofParis.1、Whatdoestheunderlinedword"ecstasy"inParagraph4probablymean?A．Courage. B．Imagination.C．Happiness. D．Reputation.2、Whatdoesthepassagemainlytellus?A．Anexchangestudent’slife. B．Charmingneighborhoods.C．Anexchangeprogram. D．Atravelingexperience.3、Beyondreadingbooks,whichexperiencewouldtheauthortreasuremost?A．Enjoyingcoffeeinhissparetime.B．GreetingpeopleinFrenchinthestreet.C．Buyingvegetablesinthemarket.D．HangingaroundinParis.4、Accordingtothepassage,whatlefttheauthorthedeepestimpression?A．ThefriendlypeoplehemetinParis.B．Thespecialcultureheexperiencedinthecity.C．Theacademicachievementhemadeinhisstudy.D．Thepresentationsandassignmentshedidinclass.Text3Sure,chocolateisadelicioustreat,andit’sastapleofsomeofourfavoritedesserts.Butit’snotahealthfood,soitshouldbeenjoyedinmoderation-right?Well,itturnsoutthateatingchocolatemightactuallyhaveaprettysignificanthealthbenefit.AccordingtoresearchconductedbyfivescientistsinItaly,compoundsfoundinchocolate,calledflavanols,canhelpboostcognitive(认知的)performance.Yup,chocolate’sgoodforyourbrain.Thescientists,studyingattheUniversitiesofRomeandL’Aquila,summarizedresearchfromtendifferentstudies.Thestudiesassessedpeople’sperformanceoncognitivetestsbeforeandaftereatingcocoaorchocolate.Theresultswereprettytelling:innineoutofthetenstudies,therewasanoticeableimprovementafterthesubjectshadeatenthechocolate.Thescientistsfoundimprovementsin“generalcognition,attention,processingspeedandworkingmemory.”Soundsprettygoodtous!Andthat’snotall.Insubjects,especiallywomen,whoperformedthetestswhilesleep-deprived,theflavanolshelpedrelievethenegativeeffectsofthesleepdeprivation.Andthere’sevenmoregoodnews.Theresearchersalsofoundthateatingchocolatedaily(overperiodsrangingfromfivedaystothreemonths)producednoticeablelong-termimprovementsincognition.Olderadults,whosememorieswerealreadydeclining,sawanespeciallysignificantimprovement.Allchocolatehasflavanols,sincetheyoccurnaturallyincocoa.However,darkchocolateloversfeelhappy,becauseithasmoreflavanolsthananyothertypeofchocolate.Infact,thescientiststhemselveshaveclaimedthat,afterdoingthisresearch,they’vestartedeatingdarkchocolateeveryday!Now,we’renotsayingyoushouldstarteatingchocolateforbreakfast,lunchanddinner-it’sstillhighinsugarandlowinnutrients.Butnexttimeyoufindyourselfyawningafterasleeplessnight,snackonsomechocolateandlettheflavanolsworktheirmagic.1、WhatdoestheunderlinedphraseinParagraph1probablymean?A．Asmuchaspossible.B．Forthreemeals.C．Inrightamount.D．Notintheleast.2、Howdoesastudentperformwhilelearningaftereatingchocolate?A．Hememorizeslessthanbefore.B．Hecan’tconcentrateonlessonsintheslightest.C．Hebecomesmoreexcited.D．Heunderstandswhattheteachersaysfaster.3、Accordingtothepassage,ifyourmemoryfails,whatshouldyoudo?A．Eatchocolateasthreemeals.B．Usechocolateasadailysnack.C．Huntfordarkchocolate.D．Askadoctorforadvice.4、What’sthemainideaofthepassage?A．Chocolateisabeneficialbutunhealthyfood.B．Eatingchocolatebenefitsourlearning.C．Eatingchocolateworksonyoursleep.D．Chocolatecontainslownutrients.Text4Saying''I'msorrywhenyou'vehurtsomeonecanbeahardthingtodo.We’restubborncreatures,afterall,anddon’tlovedealingwithitwhenwe’rewrong.Butapologizing,andmeaningit,isanimportantpartoftheforgivenessprocess.MichaelMcCulloughmadearesearchandfoundthatthemostsincere,forgiveness-inducingapolog.esincludesaying“I’msorry”,offeringtomakeupforthewrongdoinginsomeway,andtakingresponsibility.Andthereasonwhytheyworksowellislargelybasedonprinciplesofevolution,theapologiesmakethetransgressor(犯错的人}seemmorevaluableasarelationshippartner,andalsohelpthevictimfedlessatriskofgettinghurtagain.Onebasicscientificimplicationoftheresultsisthatthehumanpsychologyofconflictresolutionisunusuallysimilartothatofanimalswhichliveingroups.“Manygroup-livinganimals,particularlymammals,seemtousepeacemakinggestures'assignalsoftheirdesiretoendconflictandrestorecooperativerelationshipswithotherindividualsafteraggressiveconflicthasoccurred,”McCulloughsaid.“Weseemtoreachacommonviewonthispoint.”“Iwouldsaythatempathy(情感共鸣）isapartofgoodmentalhealth,andthatcouldbeapartofthenaturalselectionprocess,too,''BethanyMarshallsays.“Humanswithempathytendtobehealthierandmakebetterchoicesinlife,whilethosewhoareaggressivedon’ttendtodoaswell.”,Andhavingempathywhenyou'vehurtsomeone,shesays,isthebestwaytoapologize.”Themostimportantthingisthatyoufeeltheotherperson'spain,''sheexplains.“Soinsteadofusinglogictoexplainordefend,lookinwardtoidentifywhyyoudidthebadthing.Thenconveythattothemandsaythatyouwouldliketomakeitbetter.Thatcounts.”Youcanmakeitevenbetterbymakingsuretoactdifferentlythenexttimearound——whatthestudyauthorsreferredtoas“compensation”（补偿).Butwhattendstohappenoften,saysMarshall,isthatpeoplegetdefensiveaboutwhatthey'vedone,orevenmadatthepersonthey'vewronged.Sowatchyourresponse,becausetheworstapology,sheadds,“isonewherethevictimisblamed.''1、Intheexperiment,McCulloughfindthat_?A．animalsaremorecooperativewithotherindividualsB．humans'psychologyisveryclosetoanimals’whendealingwithconflictsC．aggressiveconflictsaren'teasytoendamonganimalsD．signalgesturesmayhelpendconflicts2、AccordingtoMarshall,peoplewithempathytendto_?A．defendthemselvesforwhattheyhavedoneB．trytoexplainwhytheydosomethinglogicallyC．findfaultwiththemselvesseriouslyD．showaggressivebehaviorsinlife3、Tomakeupforthewrongdoing,youneedto?A．conveythebadthingstoothersB．experiencetheotherperson’spainC．becarefulofyourresponseD．promisetobehaveyourselfwellnexttime4、Whatistheauthor'spurposeofthepassage?A．TopresentthereasonswhyapologizingintherightwaymattersB．ToshowthewayshowyouacceptapologizingofothersC．TotelltheoccasionwhenitissuitabletoapologizeD．ToexplainthewordsthatyouuseforanapologyPartBDirections:ReadthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitablesubheadingfromthelistA-Gforeachnumberedparagraph(41-45).Therearetwoextrasubheadingswhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)ApositiveattitudeisveryimportantasitwillmakeourlifeeasierInlife,noteverythinggoesas1．(smooth)aswewantTherewillbetimeswhenwewillfaceproblemsanddifficultiesThemost2．(challenge)partis3．wereactwhenweexperienceproblemsanddifficultiesInsteadofbeingdiscouraged,thosewhohaveapositiveattitude4．(treat)eachfailureasalessonAndtheywillbeinspiredtoachievethegoal5．,thosewhodonothavethepositiveattitudewillseeproblemsanddifficulties6．adifferentwayWithdifferentattitudes,theresultwillbequitedifferentSinceeveryoneofus7．(possess)thesameamountoftime,whydon’twejustmakethebest8．thesameamountoftimewithapositiveattitude?LifeitselfisalreadyhardItwillbemuch9．(good)ifwehaveapositiveattitudewhichwillmakeourlifehappierandeasierIfyoulearntoseethebrightsideoflifewhenyou10．(surround)bydifficulties,you’llbebuildingyourpositiveattitudefastAfatherwasworriedabouthisson,1．wassixteenyearsoldbuthadnocourageatallSohisfatherdetermined2．(call)onaBuddhistmonktotrainhisboyTheBuddhistmonksaid3．theboy’sfather,“YoushouldleaveyoursonalonehereI’llmakehimintoarealmanwithinthreemonths4．,youcan’tcometoseehimduringthisperiod”Threemonthslater,theboy’sfatherreturnedTheBuddhistmonkarrangedaboxingmatchbetweentheboyandan5．(experience)boxerEachtimethefighter6．(attack)theboy,hefelldown,butatoncetheboystoodup;andeachtimetheboywasknockeddown,theboystoodupagainSeveraltimeslater,theBuddhistmonkasked,“7．doyouthinkofyourchild?”“Whatashame!”theboy’sfathersaid,“Ineverthoughthewouldbeso8．(easy)knockeddownIneedn’thavehimlefthere9．longer”“IamsorrythatisallyouseeDon’tyouseethateachtimehefallsdown,hestandsupagaininsteadof10．(cry)?That’sthekindofcourageyouwantedhimtohave”SectionIIITranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingtextintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.(15points)HowToCultivateYourConfidenceSelf-confidence,thecombinationofself-efficacyandself-esteem,isanessentialpartofhumanity,Apersonwithselfconfidencegenerallyiswillingtotakeriskstoachievehispersonalgoals,Someonewholacksselfconfidence,however,islesslikelytofeelthathecanachievehisgoals,1、Identifyyournegativethoughts,Yournegativethoughtsmightsoundlikethis:“Ican’tdothat,”“Iwillsurelyfail”.Thisinnervoiceispessimisticandunhelpfulandwillholdyoubackfromachievinghighself-esteemandgreaterselfconfidence.Turnyournegativethoughtstopositivethoughts.2、Thismaytaketheformofpositiveaffirmations,suchas“Iamgoingtotryit,”“IcanbesuccessfulifIworkatit,”or“peoplewilllistentome.”Startwithjustafewpositivethoughtsaday.Refusetoallownegativethoughtstooccurmoreoftenthanpositivethoughts.Eventually,yourpositivethoughtsshouldbegivenmore“brainspace”thanyournegativethoughts,3、4、Avoidspendingtimearoundthingsthatcanmakeyoufeelbadaboutyourselfagain.Thesemightberemindersfromthepast,clothingthatnolongerfits,orplacesthatdon’tfitwithyournewgoalsofgainingconfidence.Thoughyoumaynotbeabletogetridofeverynegativesourceinyourlife,youcancertainlythinkabouthowtocutyourlosses.5、A．Getawayfromyourpast.B．Ridremindersofyournegativity.C．Thiswillgoalongwayinbuildingupyourself-confidence.D．Thismeansthatyoucanhaveanabundanceofself-confidence.E.Themoreyourpositivethoughtsget，thelessyournegativethoughtsget.F.Asyoupayattentiontoyournegativethoughts,turnthemaroundtopositivethoughtsG.Thegoodnewsisthatself-confidenceissomethingthatyoucanbuildonyourown.根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。（请将答案涂在答题卡上E=ABF=ACG=AD）FindwaystorespondtoamajordisasterWhennaturaldisasterslikehurricanesandearthquakeshappen,there’salwaysagreatneedforcoordinated(协调的)disasterreliefandrecovery.1、.VolunteerTotakeahands-onapproachtodisasterrecovery,volunteeryourtimeandtalents.Youcantraveltotheaffectedregions