新概念英语二册Lesson84Onstrike罢工超详教案讲义笔记

Lesson84Onstrike罢工【Newwordsandexpressions】（11）strike n.罢工busman n.公共汽车司机state v.正式提出，宣布agreement n.协议relieve v.减轻pressure n.压力，麻烦extent n.程度volunteer v.自动提出，自愿gratitude n.感激Press n.新闻界object v.不赞成，反对★strike n.罢工n.罢工（课）eg.ageneralstrike大罢工beonstrike在罢工=beoutonstrikegoonstrike举行罢工=gooutonstriken.进攻，袭击eg.Theymadeastrikeontheenemybase.他们袭击了敌人的基地。v.殴打，打击，攻击eg.strikethekeys敲击琴键strikethekeyboard敲击Theclockwillstrike12in50minutes.5分钟之后钟将敲响12点。★busman n.公共汽车司机eg.busstop错过公共汽车missthebus错过公共汽车/失掉机会（口）aschoolbus校车adoubledeckerbus双层公共汽车★state v.正式提出，宣布，表明eg.Shestatedheropinion.她表明了她的观点。Shestatedthedateofherdeparture她正式提出了离开的日期。state+that…/以wh开头的特殊疑问词eg.ThePrimeMinisterstatedthathewouldvisitCanadathenextyear.首相宣布明年他将访问加拿大。Hedidn’tstatewhetherthearticlewastrue.他没有表明文章是否是真的。statementn.陈述，声明，言明eg.makeafalsestatement作不实的陈述makeacorrectstatement作正确的陈述Icouldn’tbelievehisstatement.我不能相信他的陈述。(政府等的正式）声明eg.issueanofficialstatement发布官方声明陈述句eg.asimplestatement陈述句apoundstatement并列句aplexstatement复合句staten.州，状态eg.theUnitedStatesofAmerica美国Howmanystatesarethereintheuniverse?宇宙中有多少物质状态呢？★agreement n.协议(意见等)一致，赞成，同意————反义词：disagreementeg.We’reallinagreementonthatpoint.我们一致同意那一点。nodtoshowone’sagreement点头表示同意bymutualagreement经彼此同意协议eg.Themeetingendedwhenwereachedanagreement.=Themeetingendedwhenwecametoanagreement.=Themeetingendedwhenwearrivedatanagreement.当我们达成协议的时候，会议结束了。atradeagreementbetweenChinaandtheU.S.中美之间的贸易协定breakanagreement违背协定★relievev.减轻减轻，减少，缓和（痛苦等）eg.Thedrugrelievedmytoothache.这药物缓解了我的牙痛。使（人）放心，安心，松了一口气eg.Thenewsrelievedme.这消息让我松了一口气。=Iwasrelievedatthenews.解除（负担，重负）；使快乐eg.relievesb.of解除某人负担Myassistantrelievedmeofallthechores.我的助手分担了我所有的琐事。Letmerelieveyouofyoursuitcase.我来帮你拎皮箱吧。relieveone’sfeelings(大哭大叫以）发泄苦闷relieveoneself(上厕所）方便（委婉用法）reliefn.宽慰，安心eg.giveasighofrelief宽慰地松一口气=heaveasightofreliefItisagreatrelieftofindtheyaresafe.得知他们平安是个很大的宽慰。（痛苦等的）缓和，减轻eg.Willthismedicinegiveimmediaterelieffrompain?吃了药能马上止痛吗？toone’srelief使（人）放心的是reliefworks失业救济工程；（为解决失业问题所设置的）公共设施★pressure n.压力，麻烦(精神上的)压力，沉重压力eg.Ishesufferingfrompressureofwork?他有工作上的压力吗？(社会的)压力eg.thepressureofapolitician政治家的压力压力，压迫eg.Ifeltthepressureofhishandonmyshoulder.我感到他的手压在我的肩膀上。apressureof60kgtothesquarefoot每平方英尺60公斤的压力bloodpressure血压相关短语：eg.athighpressure紧张地atlowpressure悠闲地putpressureon(upon)sb.给某人施加压力=bringpressureon(upon)sb.Theyputpressureonmetosellmypreciousland.=Theybroughtpressureonmetosellmypreciousland.他们给我施加压力，叫我卖了我珍贵的土地。underthepressureof在…逼迫下，在…压力下pressurecooker压力锅pressv.压，按eg.pressthebutton按按钮Thebagpressedhardagainstmyback.袋子重重压在我的背上。催促（某人），强迫（某人）eg.Please,don’tpressme.请不要催我。Hepressedhisfathertobuyhimacar.他强迫爸爸给他买辆汽车。pressforhigherwages要求提高工资pressforreforms逼迫改革★extent n.程度程度，限度eg.tosomeextent在某种程度上=toacertainextenttoagreatextent大部分，大大地=toalargeextentIwasamazedattheextentofhisknowledge.我对他的知识程度感到惊讶。totheextentthat到…程度=tosuchanextentthat宽度，大小eg.avastextentofland广大的土地Theroadisabout20milesinextent.这条路大约有20英里长。Fromthehillwecanseethefullextentofthetown.从山丘上可以看到城市的全景。★volunteer v.自动提出，自愿(1)v.自动申请去做，自动请求去做eg.volunteerhelp自动提供援助volunteertodosth.自动去做某事Themanvolunteeredtostopthedrunkenmenfromfighting.这个人自动提出去劝阻别人打架。volunteerforthearmy志愿从军Ivolunteerforhiselectioncampaign.对他的选举活动我志愿助一臂之力。①vt.&vi.自愿，自动提出，自愿提供Somecollegestudentshavevolunteeredtodrivebuseswhilethestrikelasts.Afterthefire,manypeoplevolunteeredtheirservices.Frankhasvolunteeredforthearmy.②n.自愿参加者，志愿者Arethereanyvolunteersforatry?有自愿试一试的人吗？n.志愿者eg.Arethereanyvolunteersfortheevent?这件事有志愿者吗？★gratitude n.感激反义词：ingratituden.不感激eg.I’dliketoexpressmygratitudetoyouforyouradvice.对于你的意见，我想表达我的感激。outofgratitude出于感激withgratitude感谢地★Press n.新闻界新闻界eg.freedomofthepress新闻（出版）的自由thedailypress日报(2)记者群，报道组的阵容eg.Thepresidentwillmeetthepressthisevening.总统将在今晚会见记者。Thepresswas/wereshutoutfromthesummitmeeting.在高级会议上记者被拒之门外。出版社eg.OxfordUniversityPress牛津大学出版社pressconference记者招待会pressrelease新闻稿pressagency通讯社pressagent广告代理，宣传员★object v.不赞成，反对(1)v.反对，提出异议，讨厌eg.Thebossdoesn’tobjectifyousmokeinhisoffice.老板并不讨厌别人在他办公室里吸烟。objectto反对，讨厌（to是介词）Somemembersofthemitteeobjectedtoourproposal.委员会的一些成员反对我们的提议。Heobjectstobeingtreatedlikeachild.他反对被像小孩一样对待。objectthat提出异议Theyobjectedthattheschedulewastootight.他们提出异议说这个计划太紧张了。n.东西，物体eg.Icouldseeashiningobjectinthesky.我看到天上有个东西闪闪发光。What’sthatstrangeobjectinthebox?盒子里那个奇怪的东西是什么？对象，目标=aim/purposeeg.anobjectofinterest有趣的东西anobjectofpity同情的对象Hisobjectinlifeistobeerich.他的人生目标就是变得富有。What’stheobjectofyourvisit?你来访的目标是什么呢？objectionn.反对，异议，不服eg.Doyouhaveanyobjections?你有任何反对意见吗？HeraisedanobjectiontowhatIproposed.他对我的建议提出反对意见。I’vegotnoobjectionstohisgoingthere.我不反对他去那儿。【Text】Busmenhavedecidedtogoonstrikenextweek.ThestrikeisduetobeginonTuesday.Nooneknowshowlongitwilllast.Thebusmenhavestatedthatthestrikewillcontinueuntilgeneralagreementisreachedaboutpayandworkingconditions.Mostpeoplebelievethatthestrikewilllastforatleastaweek.Manyownersofprivatecarsaregoingtooffer'freerides'topeopleontheirwaytowork.Thiswillrelievepressureonthetrainstosomeextent.Meanwhile,anumberofuniversitystudentshavevolunteeredtodrivebuseswhilethestrikelasts.Allthestudentsareexpertdrivers,butbeforetheydriveanyofthebuses,theywillhavetopassaspecialtest.Thestudentsaregoingtotakethetestintwodays'time.Evenso,peoplearegoingtofinditdifficulttogettowork.Butsofar,thepublichasexpresseditsgratitudetothestudentsinletterstothePress.Onlyoneortwopeoplehaveobjectedthatthestudentswilldrivetoofast!参考译文公共汽车司机决定下星期罢工。罢工定于星期二开始，谁也不知道会持续多久。司机们声称此次罢工将一直持续到就工资和工作条件问题达成全面协议的时候为止。多数人认为此次罢工至少会持续一个星期。很多私人汽车的车主正准备为乘车上班的人们提供“免费乘车”的服务，这将在某种程度上减轻对火车的压力。与此同时，有一部分大学生自愿在罢工期间驾驶公共汽车。所有的学生都是开车的能手，但在驾驶公共汽车之前，他们必须通过一项专门测验。学生们准备在两天后就接受测验。即使这样，人们仍会感到上班有困难。但到目前为止，公众已经向新闻界写信表达他们对学生们的感激之情了。只有一两个人提出反对意见，说学生们会把车开得太快！【课文讲解】1、Busmenhavedecidedtogoonstrikenextweek.goonstrike举行罢工beonstrike在罢工2、ThestrikeisduetobeginonTuesday.dueadj.预定的，约定的eg.beduetodosth.定于（某时做某事）Theplaneisdue(toarrive)inLondonat9o’clock.Heisnewnovelisduenextmonth.他的新小说预定下月出版。到期的，期满的Hedidn’tpaytherentwhenitwasdue.他没有到期付房租。bedueto+n.由于……，因为……eg.Thegamewaspostponedduetorain.比赛由于下面的缘故延期了。dueto归因于，归咎于eg.Herworldwidefameisduetohissupport.她的举世闻名归因于他的支持。Theaccidentisduetoyourcarelessdriving.事故要归因于你的粗心驾驶。Nooneknowshowlongitwilllast.Thebusmenhavestatedthatthestrikewillcontinueuntilgeneralagreementisreachedaboutpayandworkingconditions.last延续，持续generalagreement全面协议Mostpeoplebelievethatthestrikewilllastforatleastaweek.atleast至少5、Manyownersofprivatecarsaregoingtooffer'freerides'topeopleontheirwaytowork.offer提供…，提出议案，推举eg.offerabribeto向…行贿offertodo建议将做Heofferedtohelpus他建议帮助我们。offersb.sth.=offersth.tosb.将某人提供某事物Sheofferedhimacupoftea.她向他冲了杯茶。=Sheofferedacupofteatohim.(卖方对买方)开价(出售物品)eg.Sheoffered$800fortheantiqueprint.这幅古画他开价800美金。Heofferedanoldcameraatareasonableprice.他以合理的价格出售了一个旧相机。freerides免费乘车freeadj.免费的，不要钱的；无税的，免税的（无比较级变化）eg.dutyfree免税的afreetickettotheconcert音乐会免费入场券riden.骑，乘eg.Couldyougivemearide?我能搭个车吗？Anhour’srideinthebuswilltakeyoutoyourdestination.一小时的车程后你将到达目的地。ridern.骑马的人，坐车的人，骑手6、Thiswillrelievepressureonthetrainstosomeextent.tosomeextent=toacertainextent在某种程度上Meanwhile,anumberofuniversitystudentshavevolunteeredtodrivebuseswhilethestrikelasts.volunteertodosth.主动提出做某事lastadj.最后的eg.YouarethelastoneIwanttosee.你是我最不想见的人。v.持续eg.Thewarlasted(for)8years.战争持续了8年。Allthestudentsareexpertdrivers,butbeforetheydriveanyofthebuses,theywillhavetopassaspecialtest.aspecialtest一项专门的测试Thestudentsaregoingtotakethetestintwodays'time.takethetest接受考试passthetest考试及格makeatest=carryoutatest进行实验intwodays’time=intwodays两天之后Evenso,peoplearegoingtofinditdifficulttogettowork.finditdifficulttogettowork中it是形式宾语，diffcult是宾语补足语，togettowork是真正的宾语（避免头重脚轻现象）。eg.Hethoughtiteasytopasstheexamination.他以为通过考试很容易。（it是形式宾语，easy是宾补，topasstheexamination是真正的宾语）Heconsidereditwrongthatsheshouldhavetowait.他认为她不得不等待是不对的。（it是形式宾语，wrong是宾补，that从句是真正的宾语）Ifeelitrightthatheshouldbepunished.我认为他应该受到惩罚。（it是形式宾语，right是宾补，that从句是真正的宾语）Ithinkitwrongforpeopletobehavelikethat.我认为人们那样做是不对的。(it是形式宾语，wrong是宾补，tobehavelikethat是真正的宾语）Butsofar,thepublichasexpresseditsgratitudetothestudentsinletterstothePress.publicadj.公开的thepublic公众，大众inpublic公开地12、Onlyoneortwopeoplehaveobjectedthatthestudentswilldrivetoofast!onlyadv.仅仅（only修饰主语，放在句首，句子的谓语并不用倒装语序。）eg.Onlyyoucandoit.只有你能做这件事情。Onlyinthiswaycanyouhopetoimprovethesituationhere.只有用这种方式，你才有机会改善这儿的处境。（only+状语放句首，句子的谓语采用倒装语序。）objectthat…提出异议，反对eg.Theyobj