NATTI翻译道德准则

./AUSITCodeofEthicsTheAustralianInstituteofInterpretersandTranslatorsInc<AUSIT>wasfoundedatameetinginCanberrain1987,convenedbytheNationalAccreditationAuthorityforTranslatorsandInterpreters<NAATI>toestablishanationalassociationofinterpretingandtranslationprofessionalsinAustralia.Centraltotheestablishmentofanyprofessionisthecodificationofitspracticesnotonlyinorganisationalmatters,butalso,andcrucially,inmattersofprofessionalconduct.AdherencetoaCodeofEthicsrepresentsanundertakingbythemembersofaprofessionalassociationthattheycanbereliedupontobehaveaccordingtorulesthatprotectandrespecttheinterestsoftheirclientsaswellasthoseoftheirfellowmembers.ThedevelopmentoftheAUSITCodeofEthicswascompletedin1995,whenitwasendorsed〔认可byNAATI,adoptedbyAUSITattheNationalGeneralMeetingandpresentedtotheInternationalFederationofTranslatorsatitsWorldCongressinMelbournein1996.Insummary,theCodeobligesmembersto:•respecttheirclients’rightstoprivacyandconfidentiality尊重客人隐私•declinetoundertakeworkbeyondtheircompetenceoraccreditationlevels不要做能力以外和鉴定认证以外的翻译•takeresponsibilityfortheworkofpeopleundertheirsupervision对下属负责•declinetomixpromotionalactivityforclientswithinterpretingortranslationwork•guardagainstmisuseofinsideinformationforpersonalgain•guardagainstencroachingontheworkofco-members•maintainprofessionaldetachment,impartialityandobjectivity不偏不倚•refertoarbitrationbytheNationalCouncilofanydisputewithothermembersandtoaccepttheCouncildecisionasbinding.与同行争执时,接受国家委员会的仲裁ThedevelopmentoftherulesembodiedintheCodehasbeenaseriousandpainstakingundertaking〔艰巨的任务,butitseffectivenessisattestedtobythefactthat,apartfromtheNAATIendorsement〔认证,anumberofmajororganisationshavesoughtandbeengrantedtherighttoadoptandreproduceit.TheyincludeinteraliatheCommonwealthGovernment’sTranslationandInterpretingService<TIS>,CentrelinkMulticulturalServices,theRefugeeReviewTribunal.GENERAL

PRINCIPLES总则1.

PROFESSIONAL

CONDUCT职业操守Interpreters

and

translators

shall

at

all

times

act

in

accordance

with

the

standards

of

conduct

and

decorum

appropriate

to

the

aims

of

AUSIT,

the

national

professional

association

of

interpreting

and

translation

practitioners.口译员和笔译员必须在任何时候都应根据对于口译和笔译从业人员全国职业协会——澳大利亚翻译协会〔AUSIT目标来说适宜的操守和礼仪之标准来行事。2.

CONFIDENTIALITYInterpreters

and

translators

shall

not

disclose

information

acquired

during

the

course

of

their

assignments.口译员和笔译员不得披露任何在其工作期间获得的信息。3.

COMPETENCE胜任能力Interpreters

and

translators

shall

undertake

only

work

which

they

are

competent

to

perform

in

the

language

areas

for

which

they

are

"accredited"

or

"recognised"

by

NAATI.口译员和笔译员只应从事在其由NAATI鉴定合格或是认可的语言领域其有足够胜任能力从事的工作。4.

IMPARTIALITY公正性Interpreters

and

translators

shall

observe

impartiality

in

all

professional

contracts.口译员和笔译员须在所有专业工作中确保公正性。5.

ACCURACY精准性Interpreters

and

translators

shall

take

all

reasonable

care

to

be

accurate.口译员和笔译员须尽全力确保翻译精准。6.

EMPLOYMENT执业Interpreters

and

translators

shall

be

responsible

for

the

quality

of

their

work,

whether

as

freelance

practitioners

or

employed

practitioners

of

interpreting

and

translation

agencies

and

other

employers.不管是作为自由职业者还是由口译和翻译中介机构或其他雇主雇佣的从业者,口译员和笔译员都有责任确保其工作质量。7.

PROFESSIONAL

DEVELOPMENT专业水平提升Interpreters

and

translators

shall

continue

to

develop

their

professional

knowledge

and

skills.口译员和笔译员须不断提升其专业知识和技能。8.

PROFESSIONAL

SOLIDARITY业团结Interpreters

and

translators

shall

respect

and

support

their

fellow

professionals.口译员和笔译员须尊重和支持其业专业人士。CODE

OF

PRACTICE从业准则Annotations

to

General

Principles

of

Code

of

Ethics道德守则总则之注释1.

PROFESSIONAL

CONDUCT职业操守a>

Standards

of

Conduct

and

Decorum〔端庄得体操守和礼貌之标准i.

Interpreters

and

translators

shall

be

polite

and

courteous

at

all

times.口译员和笔译员须在任何时候都礼貌待人,举止恭谦。ii.

Interpreters

and

translators

shall

explain

their

role

to

those

unaccustomed

to

working

with

them.口译员和笔译员须对尚不熟悉与之共事之人士解释其职责。iii.

Interpreters

and

translators

shall

be

unobtrusive,

but

firm

and

dignified,

at

all

times.口译员和笔译员须在任何时候都应低调行事,但立场坚定,态度庄严。iv.

It

is

the

responsibility

of

interpreters

and

translators

to

ensure

that

the

conditions

under

which

they

work

facilitate

rather

than

hinder

communication.口译员和笔译员有责任确保其工作的状态有助于而不是妨碍沟通v.

Interpreters

shall

encourage

speakers

to

address

each

other

directly.口译员应鼓励其服务对象相互直接称呼对方。b>

Honesty,

Integrity

and

Dignity诚实、正直和尊严i.

Interpreters

and

translators

shall

not

allow

personal

or

other

interests

to

prejudice

or

influence

their

work.口译员和笔译员须确保不让个人或其他利益对其工作造成损害或影响。ii.

Interpreters

and

translators

shall

not

solicit

or

accept

gratuities

or

other

benefits.口译员和笔译员不得索要和收受小费或其他好处。[Cf.

6.

Employment

b>

<iii>]iii.

Interpreters

and

translators

shall

not

exercise

power

or

influence

over

their

clients.口译员和笔译员不得对其客户发号施令或施加影响。iv.

Interpreters

and

translators

shall

maintain

their

integrity

and

independence

at

all

Times.口译员和笔译员须时刻维护其正直和独立性。v.

Interpreters

and

translators

shall

frankly

disclose

any

possible

conflict

of

interest.口译员和笔译员须坦率地披露任何可能存在的利益冲突。c>

Reliability可靠性i.

Interpreters

and

translators

shall

adhere

to

appointment

times

and

deadlines,

or

in

emergencies

advise

clients

promptly.口译员和笔译员须信守预约时间和最后期限,或在出现紧急情况时立刻通知客户。ii

.Interpreters

and

translators

shall

undertake

appropriate

preparations

for

all

translating

and

interpreting

<T&I>

assignments.口译员和笔译员须在从事所有翻译和口译工作前做好恰当的准备工作。iii.

Interpreters

and

translators

shall

complete

interpreting

and

translation

assignments

they

have

accepted.口译员和笔译员须完成其承接的口译和笔译工作。d>

Infamous

Conduct卑劣行为Interpreters

and

translators

shall

refrain

from

behaviour

which

their

colleagues

would

reasonably

regard

as

unprofessional

or

dishonourable.口译员和笔译员不得做出其同行有理由认为是不专业或不光彩的行为。e>

Disputes争议i.

Interpreters

and

translators

shall

try

to

resolve

any

disputes

with

their

interpreting

and

translating

colleagues

in

a

cooperative,

constructive

and

professional

manner.口译员和笔译员须尽量以合作性、建设性和专业的方式解决与其口译和翻译同行之间的争议。ii.

Interpreters

and

translators

shall

refer

any

unresolved

disputes

with

other

AUSIT

members

to

the

Executive

Committee

of

their

professional

association

and

the

conclusive

direction

of

the

Executive

Committee

shall

be

binding

on

members,

with

the

provision

of

appeal

or

review

in

the

interests

of

natural

justice.口译员和笔译员应将任何与其他澳大利亚翻译协会成员之间未解决的争议提交至其专业协会的执行委员会,且执行委员会在本着自然公正的原则提供上诉权力或进行复议后作出的最终指示对其成员有约束力。2.

CONFIDENTIALITYa>

Information

Sharing信息共享i.

Information

shared

in

interpreting

and

translating

assignments

is

strictly

confidential.在口译和笔译工作中共享的信息应严格。ii.

Disclosure

of

information

may

be

permissible

with

clients’

agreement

or

when

disclosure

is

mandated

by

law.在征得客户同意或当法律要求披露时方可披露信息。iii.

Where

teamwork

is

required,

and

with

the

clients’

permission,

it

may

be

necessary

to

brief

other

interpreters

or

translators

who

are

members

of

the

team

involved

in

the

assignment.

In

such

circumstances,

the

ethical

obligation

for

confidentiality

extends

to

all

members

of

the

team

and/or

agency.团队作业需要披露信息,且征得客户同意后,需要向作为团队成员作业的口译员和笔译员简要说明情况。在这种情况下,的道德义务对于该团队和/或机构的所有成员都适用。iv.

Information

gained

by

interpreters

and

translators

from

consultations

between

clients

and

their

legal

representatives

is

protected

under

the

common

law

rule

of

legal

professional

privilege.口译员和笔译员在向客户及其法定代理人咨询时获取的信息,受法定的职业特权的普通法条例保护。v.

Interpreters

and

translators

shall

not

sub-contract

work

to

interpreting

and

translating

colleagues

without

permission

from

their

client.未经客户同意,口译员和笔译员不得将业务分包给口译和翻译同事。vi.

Translated

documents

at

all

times

remain

the

property

of

the

client

and

shall

not

be

shown

or

released

to

a

third

party

without

the

express

permission

of

the

client,

or

by

order

of

a

court

of

law.翻译文件在任何时候都属于客户的财产,未经客户明确同意或法庭下令不得向第三方展示和披露。3.

COMPETENCE胜任能力a>

Qualifications

and

Accreditation资质和鉴定合格i.

Interpreters

and

translators

shall

accept

only

interpreting

and

translation

assignments

which

they

are

competent

to

perform.口译员和笔译员只能承接其有能力完成的口译和笔译业务。ii.

Acceptance

of

an

interpreting

and

translation

is

an

implicit

declaration

of

an

interpreter’s

or

translator’s

competence

and

constitutes

a

contract

<oral

or

written>.同意承接一项口译和笔译业务即暗示口译员和笔译员有能力将其完成并构成一个〔口头或书面合同。iii.

Interpreters

and

translators

shall

clearly

specify

to

their

clients

the

NAATI

level

and

direction

in

the

languages

for

which

they

are

accredited

or

recognised.口译员和笔译员须清楚地向其客户指明其所鉴定合格或被认可的NAATI评级和语言之翻译方向。iv.

If

requested

by

clients,

interpreters

and

translators

shall

explain

the

difference

between

NAATI

"Accreditation"

and

"Recognition".如果客户有要求,口译员和笔译员须解释NAATI鉴定合格和认可之间的区别。b>

Level

of

Expertise专业水平In

the

course

of

an

assignment,

if

it

becomes

apparent

to

interpreters

and

translators

that

expertise

beyond

their

competence

is

required,

they

shall

inform

the

clients

immediately

and

offer

to

withdraw

from

the

assignment.在完成一项工作的过程中,如果口译员和笔译员发现工作所要求的专业水平明显超过了其应胜任能力,他们必须立即通知客户并提出退出工作。c>

Prior

Preparation前期准备Interpreters

and

translators

shall

ascertain

beforehand

what

will

be

required

of

them

in

a

projected

assignment,

and

then

make

the

necessary

preparation.口译员和笔译员必须事先确定在预计完成的工作所要求的事项,然后做好必要的准备。d>

Second

Opinions

and

Reviews他人意见和审校Any

alterations

made

to

interpreting

and

translation

work,

as

a

result

of

a

second

opinion

and/or

review

by

other

interpreters

or

translators,

shall

be

agreed

upon

by

consultation

between

the

interpreters

and

translators

concerned.由第二方意见和/或其他译员造成的译员的工作变更,都应该经过译员的商讨。4.

IMPARTIALITY公正性a>

Conflicts

of

Interest利益冲突i.

Interpreters

and

translators

shall

not

recommend

to

clients

any

business,

agency,

process,

substance

or

material

matters

in

which

they

have

a

personal

or

financial

interest,

without

fully

disclosing

this

interest

to

the

clients.口译员和笔译员不得向客户推荐任何其在其中拥有个人或金钱利益的业务、机构、程序、物质或重大事项,除非已将该等利益向客户做出了全面披露。ii.

Interpreters

and

translators

shall

frankly

disclose

all

conflicts

of

interest,

including

assignments

for

relatives

or

friends,

and

those

affecting

their

employers.口译员和笔译员须坦率地翻译所有利益冲突,包括为亲友完成的工作和那些会影响其雇主的冲突。iii.

Interpreters

and

translators

shall

not

accept,

or

shall

withdraw

from

assignments

in

which

impartiality

may

be

difficult

to

maintain

because

of

personal

beliefs

or

circumstances.如果因为个人信仰和环境很难保证工作的公正性,口译员和笔译员不得接受该等工作或须从中退出。b>

Objectivity客观性i.

A

professional

detachment

is

required

for

interpreting

and

translation

assignments

in

all

situations.在所有情况下对于口译和笔译工作都要求专业独立性。ii.

If

objectivity

is

threatened,

interpreters

and

translators

shall

withdraw

from

the

assignment.如果无法确保客观性,

口译员和笔译员必须从工作中退出。c>

Responsibility

related

to

Impartiality与公正性相关的责任i.

Interpreters

and

translators

are

not

responsible

for

what

clients

say

or

write.口译员和笔译员不对客户所说或所写之容负责。ii.

Interpreters

and

translators

shall

not

voice

or

write

an

opinion,

solicited

or

unsolicited,

on

any

matter

or

person

in

relation

to

an

assignment.口译员和笔译员不得就任何与工作有关的事项和人员被动或主动发表口头和书面意见。iii

If

approached

independently

by

separate

parties

to

the

same

legal

dispute,

an

interpreter

or

translator

shall

notify

all

parties

and

give

the

first

party

opportunity

to

claim

exclusive

right

to

the

requested

interpreting

or

translation

service.如果在同一法律纠纷中各方均分别邀请其为其提供服务,口译员和笔译员须告知各方并向第一时间提出要求的一方提供口译或笔译服务。5.

ACCURACY精准性a>

Truth

and

Completeness忠实和完整i.

In

order

to

ensure

the

same

access

to

all

that

is

said

by

all

parties

involved

in

a

meeting,

interpreters

shall

relay

accurately

and

completely

everything

that

is

said.为了确保会议中所涉及各方对相互所述之容的知情权,口译员须精准而完整地翻译所述的所有容。ii.

Interpreters

shall

convey

the

whole

message,

including

derogatory

or

vulgar

remarks,

as

well

as

non-verbal

clues.口译员须传达全面的信息,包括贬损性信息或粗俗的言论以及非语言性提示。iii.

If

patent

untruths

are

uttered

or

written,

interpreters

and

translators

shall

convey

these

accurately

as

presented.如果出现明显的口头或书面不实信息,口译员和笔译员应照其原样精准地翻译。iv.

Interpreters

and

translators

shall

not

alter,

make

additions

to,

or

omit

anything

from

their

assigned

work.口译员和笔译员不得更改、添加或省略其翻译工作中的任何容。

b>

Uncertainties

in

Transmission

and

Comprehension传递与理解中的不确定性i.

Interpreters

and

translators

shall

acknowledge

and

promptly

rectify

their

interpreting

and

translation

mistakes.口译员和笔译员必须承认并立即改正其口译和笔译错误。ii.

If

anything

is

unclear,

interpreters

and

translators

shall

ask

for

repetition,

rephrasing

or

explanation.如果任何容不清楚,口译员和笔译员必须要求对方重复、换种说法或是解释。iii.

If

recall

and

interpreting

are

being

overtaxed,

interpreters

shall

ask

the

speaker

to

pause,

then

signal

to

continue.如果记忆和口译负担太大,口译员应要求讲话者适当暂停,然后示意继续。c>

Clear

Transmission清楚地传达i.

Interpreters

shall

ensure

that

speech

is

clearly

heard

and

understood

by

everyone

present.口译员须确保讲话容为在场各方清楚地听到并理解。ii.

A

short

general

conversation

with

clients

prior

to

an

assignment

may

be

necessary

to

ensure

interpreter

and

clients

clearly

understand

each

other’s

speech.在进行工作之前与客户做简短的一般性沟通有助于确保口译员与客户可以清楚地理解相互的讲话容。iii.

In

a

law

court,

simultaneous

interpreting

for

clients

shall

be

whispered.法庭上的同声传译服务必须以耳语形式向客户提供。

d>

Certification

明Translators

shall

provide

certification,

if

requested

by

their

clients,

that

their

translation

is

true

and

accurate

so

far

as

they

know.

Certification

shall

include

the

translator’s

name,

details

of

NAATI

accreditation/recognition,

language

and

language

direction,

and

be

signed

and

dated.如果客户有要求,笔译员应该出示明,以证明在其知道的围,他们的笔译是真实且精准的。明应包括笔译员的、NAATI鉴定合格或认可的详细容、语种和语言翻译方向、签名和日期。

6.

EMPLOYMENT执业a>

Freelance

and

Agency-employed

Practitioners自由职业者和受雇于机构的从业者i.

Interpreters

and

translators

may

work

in

interpreting

and

translation

assignments

as

independent

<freelance>

professionals,

or

under

contract

to

a

commercial

or

government

agency.口译员和笔译员可能以独立的自由职业专业人士身份或与商业或政府机构签署合同从事口译和笔译工作。ii.

In

both

instances,

freelance

and

employed

interpreters

and

translators

shall

abide

by

the

AUSIT

Code

of

Ethics.在这两种情况下,自由职业和受雇的口译员和笔译员均须遵守澳大利亚翻译协会道德守则。iii.

If

this

Code

of

Ethics

and

an

employing

agency’s

directions

are

in

conflict,

interpreters

and

translators

shall

abide

by

the

Code

of

Ethics

and,

if

necessary,

withdraw

from

the

assignment.如果该道德守则与一家雇佣机构的指导方针相冲突,口译员和笔译员均须遵守道德守则,并在必要时退出工作。b>

Fees

and

Payment

in

Kind收费和以实物付款i.

Members

are

free

to

set

their

own

rates

and

conditions.

AUSIT

may

provide

information

on

ranges

of

rates

charged

by

members.会员可自由设置自己的费率和条件。澳大利亚翻译协会可能会提供会员的收费围。ii.

Interpreters

and

translators

shall

not

accept

for

personal

gain

any

fees,

favours,

commissions

or

the

like

from

any

person,

firm,

corporation

or

government

agency,

including

another

interpreter

or

translator,

in

connection

with

recommending

to

a

client

any

person,

business

agency,

substance,

material

matters,

process

or

service.口译员和笔译员不得为了个人利益从包括另一口译员或笔译员在的任何个人、公司、法人机构或政府机构就向客户推荐任何个人、业务机构、物质、重大事项、程序或服务收受任何费用、赠品、佣金和类似财物。iii.

In

general,

gifts

and

tips

in

addition

to

the

agreed

fee

shall

not

be

accepted.

However,

some

discretionary

latitude

may

be

exercised

in

accepting

a

gift

as

a

token

of

gratitude,

as

this

is

obligatory

in

certain

client

cultures.一般而言,不能收受正常收费之外的礼物和小费。但是出于特定的客户文化背景之要求,可酌情予考虑接受代表意的礼物。c>

Accountability责任心i.

Interpreters

and

translators

shall

be

responsible

for

any

services

to

or

on

behalf

of

clients

by

assistants

or

sub-contractors

employed

by

the

interpreters

or

translators.口译员和笔译员须对自己所雇用的助手或分包商向客户或代表客户提供的任何服务负责。ii.

Interpreters

and

translators

in

the

employment

of

another

practitioner

or

interpreting

and

translation

agency

shall

exercise

the

same

diligence

as

in

all

professional

contexts

in

the

performance

of

their

duties.受雇于另一从业者或口译和笔译机构的口译员和笔译员在履行自己职责时须尽到如在所有职业环境下履职相同的努力。7.

PROFESSIONAL

DEVELOPMENT职业发展a>

Maintaining

Skills保持技能i.

Interpreters

and

translators

shall

constantly

review

and

re-evaluate

their

work

performance

to

maintain

acceptable

standards.口译员和笔译员须不断地审校和重新评估其工作绩效以维持可接受的质量标准。ii.

Practising

interpreters

and

translators

are

expected

to

maintain

and

enhance

their

language

skills

by

pursuing

further

relevant

study

and

experience.从业的口译员和笔译员必须通过进行进一步的相关学习和实践来维持和提高其语言技能。iii.

Interpreters

and

translators

shall

maintain

close

familiarity

with

the

languages

and

cultures

for

which

they

offer

professional

interpreting

and

translation

expertise.口译和笔译专门技艺所针对之语言和文化保持相当的熟悉程度。i.

Interpreters

and

translators

shall

continually

endeavour

to

improve

their

interpreting

and

translating

skills.口译员和笔译员必须不断地致力于提高其口译和翻译技艺。b>

Training

and

Practice培训和练习ii.

It

is

incumbent

on

interpreters

and

translators

to

support

and

encourage

the

professional

development

of

their

colleagues.口译员和笔译员须义不容辞地支持和鼓励其同事的职业发展。8.

PROFESSIONAL

SOLIDARITY业团结a>

Support

of

Colleagues同行支持i.

Interpreters

and

translators

shall

support

and

further

the

interests

of

the

profession

and

their

colleagues

and

offer

each

other

reasonable

assistance

as

required.口译员和笔译员须支持并促进翻译行业和同行的利益,并在需要时相互提供合理的帮助。

ii.

Interpreters

and

translators

shall

refrain

from

making

comments

injurious

to

the

reputation

of

a

colleague.口译员和笔译员不得作出有损于同行声誉的评论。b>

Trust

and

Respect信任与尊重

i.

Interpreters

and

translators

shall

promote

and

enhance

the

integrity

of

the

profession

by

fostering

trust

and

mutual

respect

between

colleagues.口译员和笔译员应该通过培养信任和相互尊重促进并加强业团结。

ii.

Any

differences

of

opinion

interpreters

and

translators

shall

be

expressed

with

candour

and

respect,

rather

than

by

denigration.口译员和笔译员之间的任何不同意见应该以坦率、尊重而不是诋毁的态度表达。

SUPPLEMENTARY

NOTES

TO

THE

CODE

OF

PRACTICE从业准则的增补备注Some

useful

suggestions

follow

which

do

not

fit

neatly

into

the

Code

of

Practice,

but

which

may

help

explain

some

clauses.以下一些有用的建议不是完全符合从业准则,但可以帮助解释一些条款1.

PROFESSIONAL

CONDUCT职业操守To

determine

the

appropriateness

or

otherwise

of

a

proposed

course

of

action,

consider

wheth