~15并列连词和状语从句

第十四、五讲并列连词和状语从句一学习目标了解怎么考、怎么学、怎么解。2.体会考试方向。3.探析正误探究。二考点清单Ⅰ.⊙怎么考重点考查从属连词及句式；某些固定句式；如：before、while等。3.状语从句的省略。⊙怎么学在平时的学习中，认真体会学习、运用：1.although，though，evenif，eventhough，as引导的让步状语从句；2.时间状语从句；3.if，unless，as/solongas，incase，onconditionthat等引导的条件状语从句。⊙怎么解思考其语法特征和语义特征，注意区分意义相近的关系词。注意对语序的考查。3.注意与其他从句的区别。Ⅱ.体会一下考试方向1.(2016·浙江卷，5)________onlineshoppinghaschangedourlife，notallofitseffectshavebeenpositive.A．SinceB．AfterC．WhileD．Unless答案C[考查连词。句意：尽管网上购物已经改变了我们的生活，但是不是所有的影响都是积极的。while引导让步状语从句，意为“尽管，虽然”；since既然，自从；after在……之后；unless除非。故选C。]2.(2016·江苏卷，26)________somepeoplearemotivatedbyaneedforsuccess，othersaremotivatedbyafearoffailure.A．BecauseB．IfC．UnlessD．While答案D[考查让步状语从句的用法。句意：尽管有些人受到成功需求的激励，而另外一些人却因恐惧失败而退缩。根据句意可知，这两句话之间为转折对比关系，故要用while。]3.(2016·北京卷，27)Mygrandfatherstillplaystennisnowandthen，________he'sinhisnineties.A．aslongasB．asifC．eventhoughD．incase答案C[考查连词。句意：尽管我祖父已经九十多岁了，但他仍不时打网球。由句意可知，本句的前后两部分之间为让步关系，故选C。]4.(2016·北京卷，33)Ireallyenjoylisteningtomusic________ithelpsmerelaxandtakesmymindawayfromothercaresoftheday.A．becauseB．beforeC．unlessD．until答案A[考查状语从句。句意：我真的很喜欢听音乐，因为它有助于我放松，让我忘记一天中的其他忧虑。根据句意可知，句子前后为因果关系，故选A项。]Ⅲ.正误探究1.【误】Insuchdryweather，theflowerswillhavetobewaterediftheyaregoingtosurvive.【正】Insuchdryweather，theflowerswillhavetobewaterediftheyaretosurvive.解析if从句中表示将来不能用will，begoingto等，但可以使用ifsb/sthistodosth结构。2.【误】Youwillbelateunlessyouwillleaveimmediately.【正】Youwillbelateunlessyouleaveimmediately.解析在时间、条件、让步、方式等状语从句中，常用一般现在时表示将来时。3.【误】Mumwouldnotlethimbuyit，asifhehadenoughmoney!【正】Mumwouldnotlethimbuyit，evenifhehadenoughmoney!解析从前后两个句子之间的逻辑关系可知，应用evenif。evenif即使；asif好像。4.【误】NotuntilIbegantoworkIrealizedhowmuchtimeIhadwasted.【正】NotuntilIbegantoworkdidIrealizehowmuchtimeIhadwasted.解析notuntil...置于句首时，主句应使用部分倒装结构。5.【误】Iwon'tagreewithnomatterwhatyoumaysay.【正】Iwon'tagreewithwhateveryoumaysay.【正】Whatever/Nomatterwhatyoumaysay，Iwon'tagree.解析whatever引导的从句作agreewith的宾语，即作宾语从句，whatever不能与nomatterwhat替换。而引导让步状语从句时可替换。Ⅳ.考点确认一、常用并列连词的用法用法连词及例句表并列、递进或顺承关系and，both...and...，neither...nor...，not

only...but

also，as

well

asThe

earth

is

one

of

the

sun's

planets，and

the

moon

is

our

satellite.地球是太阳系中的一颗行星，月亮是地球的卫星。表转折关系but，yet，whereas，neverthelessIt

is

often

said

that

the

joy

of

traveling

is

not

in

arriving

at

your

destination

but

in

the

journey

itself.人们常说旅行的乐趣不在于你最终所到达的目的地，而是旅行本身。表选择关系either...or...，not...but...，or，otherwise，orelse，ratherthanNowyoucanhavearestoryoucangotothecinema.现在你可以休息，或者去看电影。表因果关系for(表“由于”，一般不放在句首)，so，thereforeHefounditincreasinglydifficulttoread，forhiseyesightwasbeginningtofail.由于他的视力的下降，他发现读书越来越困难了。when“就在这时，突然”sbbeabouttodo/onthepointofdoingsthwhen...某人正要做某事，突然……sbbedoingsthwhen...某人正在做某事突然……sbhaddonesthwhen...某人刚做完某事突然……OneFriday，wewerepackingtoleaveforaweekendawaywhenmydaughterheardcriesforhelp.当我们周五在收拾行李要去度周末时，我的女儿突然听到了呼救声。Shehadjustfinishedherhomeworkwhenhermotheraskedhertopracticeplayingthepianoyesterday.昨天她刚完成家庭作业，妈妈就让她练习钢琴。and与or用于并列句祈使句＋and＋陈述句，and表顺承关系祈使句＋or＋陈述句，or表转折Findwaystopraiseyourchildrenoften，andyou'llfindtheywillopentheirheartstoyou.设法常常表扬你的孩子，这样你就会发现他们乐意向你敞开心扉。while表对比强调对比关系，译作“却……”—Iwonderhowmuchyouchargeforyourservices.—Thefirsttwoarefreewhilethethirdcosts$30.——我想知道你要收多少服务费。——前两次免费，但是第三次的费用是30美元。二、状语从句与从属连词从句类型从属连词及例句时间状语从句when，while，as，after，before，since，till/until，once，assoonas，themoment/instant，nosooner...than...，hardly...when...，directly，thefirsttime等Marymadecoffeewhileherguestswerefinishingtheirmeal.客人们就要吃完的时候，玛丽去煮咖啡了。原因状语从句as，because，since等TheoldmanaskedLucytomovetoanotherchairbecausehewantedtositnexttohiswife.那位老人让露西换坐到另一把椅子上,因为他想挨着妻子坐。地点状语从句where，wherever等IcannotheartheprofessorclearlyasthereistoomuchnoisewhereIamsitting.因为我坐的地方噪音太大，所以听不清教授在说什么。目的状语从句sothat，inorderthat，lest(以防)，forfearthat，incase等Theyflewthereinorderthattheymightbeintimetoattendtheopeningceremony.他们飞往那里以便能及时参加开幕典礼。结果状语从句sothat，so...that...，such...that...TherewassuchacrushonthetrainthatIcouldhardlybreathe.火车上挤得我都喘不过气来。条件状语从句if，unless，so/aslongas，incaseWewillhaveapicnicintheparkthisSundayunlessitrainsorit'sverycold.除非下雨或天很冷，否则我们将在本周日去公园野餐。方式状语从句as，asif/though，thewayJackwasn'tdoinganything，buttheteachersmiledathimasifhehaddonesomethingveryclever.杰克什么都没做，但是老师向他微笑，好像他之前的行为是明智之举。让步状语从句though/although，evenif/though，however，whatever，whoever，nomatterhow/what/whichThough/Althoughregularexerciseisveryimportant，it'sneveragoodideatoexercisetooclosetobedtime.尽管有规律的锻炼很重要，但临睡前锻炼不是个好主意。5.(2016·北京卷，35)Iamnotafraidoftomorrow，________IhaveseenyesterdayandIlovetoday.A．soB．andC．forD．but答案C[考查连词。句意：我并不害怕明天。因为我已见证了昨天并热爱今天。根据句意可知，句子前后为因果关系，故选C项。]6．(2015·北京卷，28)Youwon'tfindpapercuttingdifficult________youkeeppracticingit.A．eventhoughB．aslongasC．asifD．eversince答案B[考查连词。句意：只要你坚持练习，你就不会觉得剪纸难了。eventhough即使；aslongas只要；asif仿佛，好像；eversince自……以来。结合句意可知选B。]7．(2015·重庆卷，4)Ifyoumissthischance，itmaybeyears________yougetanotherone.A．asB．beforeC．sinceD．after答案B[考查连词。句意：如果你错过这次机会，可能得过好多年才能再有一次机会。该句考查“Itwill/maybe＋一段时间＋before...”句式，表示“过多久才……”8．(2015·湖南卷，33)________thejobtakesasignificantamountoftime，moststudentsagreethattheexperienceisworthit.A．IfonlyB．AfterC．AlthoughD．Incase答案C[句意：虽然这份工作要花大量的时间，但大多数学生都同意这次经历是值得的。句中的asignificantamountoftime与worthit之间构成对比，故用although引导让步状语从句。]9．(2015·浙江卷，9)________asinglewordcanchangethemeaningofasentence，asinglesentencecanchangethemeaningofaparagraph.A．JustasB．EventhoughC．UntilD．Unless答案A[句意：正如一个单词可以改变一句话的意思一样，一个句子也可以改变一段话的意思。justas正如，正像，符合语境。eventhough尽管；until直到；unless除非，如果不。]10．(2015·天津卷，12)Weneedtogettotherootoftheproblem________wecansolveit.A．whileB．AfterC．before D．as答案C[考查时间状语从句。句意：我们在解决问题之前需要找到其根源。根据逻辑关系可知，“找到问题的根源”在“解决问题”之前发生。before在……之前，引导时间状语从句，符合题意。]11．(2015·陕西卷，20)Ibelieveyouwillhaveawonderfultimehere________yougettoknoweveryoneelse.A．thoughB．asifC．once D．sothat答案C[句意：一旦你在这儿认识了其他所有人之后，我相信你会在这儿有一段美好的时光。once一旦，符合句意。故选C。]12．(2014·重庆卷，14)Halfanhourlater，Lucystillcouldn'tgetataxi________thebushaddroppedher.A．untilB．whenC．although D．where答案D[考查连词和状语从句。句意：半个小时后，在公共汽车丢下她的地方露西仍然没有搭到出租车。根据句意可知，这里是where引导的地点状语从句。]13．(2014·湖南卷，26)Youwillnevergainsuccess________youarefullydevotedtoyourwork.A．whenB．becauseC．after D．unless答案D[考查状语从句。句意：除非你完全投入到你的工作中，否则你就永远不会取得成功。unless相当于ifnot，除非，如果不；在此引导让步状语从句，符合语境。]14．(2014·浙江卷，15)Cathyhadquitherjobwhenhersonwasborn________shecouldstayhomeandraiseherfamily.A．nowthatB．asifC．onlyif D．sothat答案D[考查连词辨析。句意：儿子出生时凯西辞去了工作以便能待在家里抚养孩子。sothat引导目的状语从句，从句中的could也起提示作用。]15．(2014·江苏卷，21)Lessonscanbelearnedtofacethefuture，________historycannotbechanged.A．thoughB．asC．since D．unless答案A[考查状语从句。句意：尽管历史无法改变，但是我们可以吸取教训来面对未来。though表示转折。]三练习题1. Shesaysthatshe'llhavetoclosetheshop

businessimproves. A.if B.unless C.after D.when2. ---Howaboutcampingthisweekend,justforachange? ---OK,

youwant. A.whichever B.however C.whatever D.whoever3. ---Youseemtohavehadthatcarforages. ---Yes,Ishouldsellit

itstillcanrun. A.before B.after C.until D.while4. Becauseoftheheavytraffic,itwasalreadytimeforlunchbreak

shegottoheroffice. A.since B.that C.when D.until5. Thepoliceofficersinourcityworkhard

therestofuscanliveasafelife. A.incase B.asif C.inorderthat D.onlyif6. Jackwasn'tsayinganything,buttheteachersmiledathim

hehaddonesomethingveryclever. A.asif B.incase C.while D.though7.Wewereswimminginthelake________suddenlythestormstarted.A.whenB.whileC.untilD.before8._______Iacceptthatheisnotperfect,Idoacyuallyliketheperson.A.While B.SinceC.BeforeD.Unless9.ThecostoflivinginGlasgowisamongthelowestinBritain,________thequali