上海外国语大学2019年语言学试卷

上海外国语大学2019年语言学试卷1.Weshallknowawordbythecompanyitkeeps.”Thisstatementrepresents_______.

A.theconceptualistview意念论B.contextualism语境主义

C.thenamingtheory命名论D.behaviorism行为主义

2.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?

A.Senseisconcernedwiththeinherentmeaningofthelinguisticform.

B.Senseisthecollectionofallthefeaturesofthelinguisticform.

C.Senseisabstractanddecontextualized.脱离语境的

D.Senseistheaspectofmeaningdictionarycompilersarenotinterestedin.

3.___________isawayinwhichthemeaningofawordcanbedissectedintomeaningcomponentscalledsemanticfeatures.

A.Predicationanalysis述谓结构分析B.Componentialanalysis成分分析

C.Phonemicanalysis音位分析D.Grammaticalanalysis语法分析

4.Alive”and“dead”are___________.

A.gradableantonymsB.relationalantonyms

C.complementaryantonyms互补反义词D.Noneoftheabove

5.________dealswiththerelationshipbetweenthelinguisticelementandthenon-linguisticworldofexperience.

A.ReferenceB.ConceptC.SemanticsD.Sense

6._________referstothephenomenonthatwordshavingdifferentmeaningshavethesameform.

A.Polysemy一词多义B.Synonymy同义词C.Homonymy同音异义D.Hyponymy下义关系

7.Wordsthatarecloseinmeaningarecalled___________.

A.homonyms同音异义词B.polysemies一词多义C.hyponyms下义词D.synonyms同义词

8.Thegrammaticalityofasentenceisgovernedby_______.

A.grammaticalrulesB.selectionalrestrictions选择限制，选限结构

C.semanticrulesD.semanticfeatures9.Thepairofwords“lend”and“borrow”are___A.gradableoppositesB.relationalopposites关系反义词C.co-hyponyms并列下义词D.synonyms同义词10.Thesemanticcomponentsoftheword“gentleman”canbeexpressedas__.A.+animate，+male，+human，-adultB.+animate，+male，+human，+adultC.+animate，-male，+human，-adultD.+animate，-male，+human，+adult11.Coldandhotarecalled____antonyms.A.complementaryB.gradable可分类的C.reversalD.converse12.“Iboughtsomeroses”____“Iboughtsomeflowers”.A.entailsB.presupposes假定，预料，以…为先决条件C.isinconsistentwith与…不一致D.issynonymouswith和…同义13.Ofthefollowinglinguists,____shouldbegroupedintoPragueSchool.布拉格学派A.Bloomfield布罗姆菲尔德B.Saussure索绪尔C.Jakobson雅各布森D.Firth弗思14.AccordingtoKrashen克拉申（美国语言学家）,____referstothegradualandsubconsciousdevelopmentofabilityinthefirstlanguagebyusingitnaturallyindailycommunicativesituations.A.learningB.competenceC.performanceD.acquisition15.AsatypeoflinguisticsysteminL2learning,____isaproductofL2training,mothertongueinterference,overgeneralizationofthetargetlanguagerules,andlearningandcommunicativestrategiesofthelearner.A.interlanguage中介语B.interferenceC.languagetransferD.linguisticrelativity16.TheSapir-WhorfHypothesis萨丕尔—沃尔夫假说hastwothrusts:____and____.A.Linguisticdescription,LinguisticdeterminismB.Linguisticdeterminism,Linguisticrelativity（语言决定论，语言相对论）C.Linguisticrelativity,LinguisticdescriptionD.Linguisticdeterminism,Linguisticperformance17.Aspeciallanguagevarietythatmixesorblendslanguagesandusedbypeoplewhospeakdifferentlanguageforrestrictedpurposeis____.A.pidgin洋泾宾语B.creoleC.dialectD.blends18.____isaprincipleofscientificmethod,basedonthebeliefthattheonlythingsvalidenoughtoconfirmorrefuteoscientifictheoryareinterpersonallyobservablephenomena,ratherthanpeople’sintrospectionsorintuitions.A.MentalismB.FunctionalgrammarC.Casegrammar格文法D.Behaviorism19.____isthelanguagethatalearnerconstructsatagivenstageofSLA.A.InterlanguageB.IdeologyC.DialectD.Interference20.“Thereisnodirectlinkbetweenalinguisticformandwhatitrefersto”.Thisisthe____viewconcerningthestudyofmeaning.A.namingtheoryB.conceptualist概念论者C.contextualist语境主义者D.behaviorist21.____coversthestudyoflanguageuseinrelationtocontext,andinparticularthestudyoflinguisticcommunication.A.SemanticsB.SociolinguisticsC.Pragmatics语用学D.Linguistics22.Modernsynchroniclinguistics共时语言学traditionallydatesfromthe____ofSwissscholarFerdinanddeSaussure.A.SyntacticstructureB.CoursdeLinguitiqueGeneralC.DeLinguaLatinaD.LanguageandMindAccordingtothestrongversionofthe____hypothesis,languagedeterminesspeakers’perceptionsandpatternstheirwayoflife.A.SapirWhorfB.inputC.GrimD.Innateness24.____theorizedthatacquisitionoflanguageisaninnateprocessdeterminedbybiologicalfactorswhichlimittheimportantperiodforacquisitionofalanguagefromroughlytwoyearsofagetopuberty.青春期A.InputhypothesisB.InteractionhypothesisC.Criticalperiodhypothesis关键期假说D.Sapir-WhorfHypothesis25.AccordingtoChomsky,thechildisbornwithabuilt–insetofrules,whichhavethespecificfunctionofenablinghertoconstructthegrammarofhermothertongue.Thisviewistobeseenas____.A.InputhypothesisB.X-theoryC.Languageacquisitiondevice语言习得机制D.Universalgrammar26.“Old”and“Young”areapairof____opposites.A.complementaryB.relationalC.converseD.gradable27.Systemic-FunctionalGrammar系统功能语法,oneofthemostinfluentiallinguistictheoriesinthe20thcentury,isputforwardby____.A.ChomskyB.Halliday哈利迪C.FirthD.Malinowski28.FromHalliday’sviewpoint,languageisaformofrealizationof____ratherthanaformofrealizationof______.A.knowing,doingB.thinking,knowingC.doing,thinkingD.doing,knowing29.Negativetransferinlearningasecondlanguageisknownas.A.interferenceB.interlanguageC.fossilizationD.acculturation30.Whatisthemeaningrelationshipbetweenthetwowords“furniture/bed”?____A.polysemyB.hyponymy下义关系C.homonymyD.antonymy31.Whichdescriptionofcomponentialanalysisfortheword“woman”isright?____A.+human,-adult,-maleB.+human, +adult,-maleC.+human,+adult,+maleD.+human,-adult,+male32.Thetypeoflanguagewhichisselectedasappropriatetothetypeofsituationisa____.A.regionaldialectB.registerC.fieldD.repertoire33.Instructuralgrammar,distributionalanalysisisusedtodefine____,whicharetakenasthebasicbuildingblocks.A.morphemesB.wordsC.syllableD.phonemes音素，音位 34.“SpeechActTheory”wasproposedby____in1962.A.SaussureB.ChomskyC.JaneAustinD.JohnAustin35.Themajornewdevelopmentinlinguisticsin20thcenturywas____grammar.A.speculativeB.traditionalC.structuralD.transformational-generative36.Thestudyofhowwedothingswithutteranceisthestudyof____,thenatureofwhichisdeterminedbycontext.A.contextB.pragmaticsC.speechactD.semantics37.Inmanysocietiesoftheworld,wefindalargenumberofpeoplewhospeakmorethanonelanguage.Asacharacteristicofsocieties,____inevitablyresultsfromthecomingintocontactofpeoplewithdifferentculturesanddifferentlanguages.A.transferB.bilingualismC.diglossiaD.inter-language38.Pragmaticsdiffersfromtraditionalsemanticsinthatitstudiesmeaningnotinisolation,butin____.A.relationshipB.dependenceC.sentenceD.context39.---TRUTH.---Donotsaywhatyoubelievetobefalse.---Donotsaythatforwhichyoulackadequateevidence.Thosecanbedefinedasthefeaturesof____ofGriceanmaxims.A.maximofquantityB.maximofquality质量准则C.maximofrelationD.maximofmanner40.Inthesentence“Theangrymanwentfuriouslythroughtherooms.”Thefirstdivisionintoimmediateconstituteshouldbebetween____.A.angryandmanB.manandwentC.furiouslyandthroughD.Theandangry41.____referstotheeffectoftheutterance.A.Illocutionaryact言外形为B.Locutionaryact言内行为C.Perlocutionaryact言后行为D.Speechact言语行为42.Accordingtotheauthorourbrainisdividedintotwohemispheres.Languagefunctionsaremainlylocatedin____.A.righthemispheresB.fronthemispheresC.lefthemispheresD.backhemispheres43.“Alanguagepatternwhichoccursinallknownlanguage”iscalled____.A.aphonemicrepresentationB.aphoneticrepresentationC.alanguageuniversalD.languagechange44.Inthesentence-------“Thechildfoundthepuppy”,____isnotaconstituent.A.ThechildB.foundthepuppyC.foundtheD.thepuppy45.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthetwowords“flower/rose”?____A.Homonymy同音异义B.Antonymy反义词C.hyponymy下义关系D.Polysemy一词多义46.Thefunctionofthesentence“Howareyou?”____A.directiveB.informativeC.performativeD.phatic交际性的，交流感情的47.Homonyms同音异义词____.A.arewordsthatsharethesamephoneticfeaturesandthesamesemanticfeaturesB.arewordsthatsharethesamesemanticfeaturesbuthavedifferentsetsofphoneticfeaturesC.arewordsthatsharethesamephoneticfeaturesbuthavedifferentsetsofsemanticfeaturesD.aretwowordsthatallbutoneofsemanticfeaturesincommon48.Inthefollowingdialogue,themaximof____isnotobserved.A.Whattimeisit?B.It’sterriblycoldinhere.A.qualityB.quantityC.relevanceD.manner49.____arelinguisticunitslargerthansentences.A.MovesB.DiscoursesC.TopicsD.Tendencies50.Whichofthefollowingtwo-termsetsshowsthefeatureofcomplementarity?__A.single/marriedB.big/smallC.hot/coldD.old/young51.Usually____referstotheuseoflinguisticresearchinlanguageteaching,butlinguisticsisusedinotherareas,aswell.A.appliedlinguisticsB.theoreticallinguisticsC.contextuallinguisticsD.generallinguistics52.“Love”and“hate”are____.A.binaryantonymsB.complementarypairsC.gradableantonymsD.relationalopposites53.____referstosentencesnotonlydescribeorreportinformation,butalsohelpspeakersaccomplishthings.A.SpeechactB.DiscourseC.ContextD.Communication54.Thefeaturethatdistinguishes“hotdog”and“hotdog”is____.A.toneB.stressC.intonationD.aspiration55.Ofthefollowinglinguists,____shouldbegroupe