2021届宁波市鄞州中学高三英语期中试题及答案解析

2021届宁波市鄞州中学高三英语期中试题及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ALocatedinLosAngeles,UniversityofSouthernCaliforniaisintheheartofaleadingcity.AlthoughLArankshighlyinTheEconomist’sSafeCitiesIndex,navigatingandcitycallsforcertainsafetyprecautions（预防措施）alongwithpracticingcommonsense.MobileSafetyAppPoweredbyLiveSafeTheMobileSafetyApppoweredbyLiveSafe,managebytheUSCDepartmentofPublicSafetyandtheUSCDepartmentofEmergencyPlanning,isafreedownloadableappthatmobileuserscanusetoinitiatecontactwithemergencyrespondersaroundthecampus.Featuresinclude:immediate“pushbutton”callstoDPS,easyreportingforsuspiciousactivityorcrimesinprogress,andlocationservicestonotifyfriendsofyourroutethroughcampus.BlueLightPhoneLocationsTheUniversityParkhasmultiplebluelightphonesthatarestrategicallyplacedthroughoutcampus.Takenoteofwheretheclosestonesareonyourroute.Theycomeinhandyincaseyouloseyourphoneorinanemergency.ThesephonesaredirectlyconnectedtoUSC’sDepartmentofPublicSafety’s24-hourcommunicationscenter.Besidesemergencyneeds,itcanalsobeusedtoreportsuspiciousactivity,requestforanescort（护送）ifyoufeelunsafeandtoreportacrime.TrojansAlertTrojansAlertisanemergencynotificationsystemthatallowsuniversityofficialstocontactyouduringanemergencybysendingmessagesviatextmessageoremail.Whenanemergencyoccurs,authorizedUSCsenderswillinstantlynotifyyouwithreal-timeupdates,instructionsonwheretogo,whattodo（orwhatnottodo）,whomtocontactandotherimportantinformation.AllmembersoftheUSCcommunity,aswellasparentsandregularvisitorstocampus,arestronglyencouragedtosignupforTrojansAlert.Whatdobluelightphonesdoforstudents?Guidestudentsthroughcampus.Alertstudentstocrimeactivities.Lightupthewayifstudentsfeelunsafe.Connectthemwiththesafetydepartment.HowdoesUSCsendoutinstructionsduringanemergency?Withbluelightphones.Viatextmessageoremail.Throughmobilesafeapp.BycallingallUSCmembers.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?Toencouragestudentstofightcrime.TointroduceUSC’ssafetydepartment.ToprovidesafetyservicesforUSCstudents.Toinformparentsofsafetyrisksoncampus.BInarecentsurveyof2000Americans,housecleaningwasshowntohavesomemood-boostingeffects—butthatdoesn'tmeaneverybodyiswillingtodoit.Themajorityofrespondents(受访者)saidcleaninggavethemasenseofaccomplishment(65%)andhelpedthemcleartheirmind(63%).Halfoftheseadultssaidtheyaremostoftenmotivatedtocleanwhenthey'rehappy.Infact,63%ofthosesurveyedfindtheexperienceofcleaningtoberelaxing-evenmoresothangettingfreshair(61%).Butthat'snottheonlyreasonpeopleclean.Abig70%admittedthattidyingtheirhomewasawayofputtingoffhavingtodootherthings,withtheaverageprocrastinator(拖延者)usingthattrickfourtimesaweek.Thesurveyshowedthat86%ofrespondentsdofeelontopoftheirhousework,butthelastdeepcleanoftheirkitchenhappenedoveraweekandahalfago.That'snosurprisebecausethekitchenismostterribleofall.ConductedbyOnePollonbehalfofDishFish,thesurveyinvestigatedpeople'sattitudestowarddirtydishesandhowtheygetthroughtrickytask.Morethantwo-thirdsofpeople(69%)lettheirdishespileupbetweenwashingswith20%saying“always”lettingthembeplacedinthesink,whichleftthemfeelingstressed.Morethananyotherroom,thekitchenwasratedas“verydifficult”tocopewith.Andmostpeopleenjoycleaningtheirtoiletortakingoutthegarbagemorethanwashingdishesbyhand.Howdotheygetthroughit?66%listentomusicwhiletheyclean.72%haveabest-lovedsongthattheysoundedwhiletidyinguptheirhome,with“UptownFunk,”“ReadAllAboutIt”and“Work”beingthethreefavoritetunesonAmerica'scleaningplaylist.Whatistheresultofthesurvey?Housecleaningmaycontributetoagoodmoodtosomeextent.Housecleaningmaystrengthenpeople'swillingnesstovolunteer.Housecleaningmaycauseanxietyandconcernforsomepeople.Housecleaningmayimprovepeople'smotivationtootherhousework.Whatisthetopreasonwhypeopleundertakehousecleaning?Theycanentertainthemselves.Theycantakeinfreshair.Theygetasenseofachievement.Theycandelayotherthings.Whatarerespondents'attitudestodirtydishes?Manywouldratherwashdishesthanthrowouttherubbish.Halfareunderpressurewithdirtydisheslyinginthesink.Aquarterwillletdirtydishespileupaftertheirmeals.Mostprefercleaningtheirtoilettowashingdishesbyhand.Whatcolumndoesthetextbelongto?FeatureStory.FamilyLife.ScientificHotspot.FinanceFocus.CAChinesespaceminingcompanyhasdesignedarobotthatcancapturewastematerialleftbehindbyspacecraftinouterspacewithabignet.Thestate-runXinhuanewsagencyrecentlyreportedthattherobotlaunchedonthegovernment'sLongMarch6rocketalongwithseveralsatellites.Therobotwillalsoinvestigatedeepspacetoobservesmallobjectsintheuniverse.The30-kilogramrobot,calledNEO-01,wasdevelopedbyOriginSpace.Poundedin2019andbasedinthesouthernChinesetechhub（技术中心内卜0门2卜06OriginSpacehasbeendevotedtoexploringandusingspaceresources,accordingtothecompany.Thecompanysaystherobotwillleadthewayforfuturetechnologiescapableofminingonasteroids（小行星）.Theworld'sfirstasteroidminingcompany,PlanetaryResources,wasestablishedin2009.Sincethen,morethan12businessesaroundtheworldhaveenteredtheindustry,including3DSystemsoftheUnitedStatesandJapan'sAstroscale.Astroscale'stechnologyusesmagnets（磁铁）togatherupspacewaste.ButareportontheOriginSpacewebsitesaysNEO-01willuseanettocapturewasteandthenbumit.Thousandsofsatelliteshavebeenlaunchedworldwide.Astheyareusedtoolong,manyendupaswasteandputotheroperatingsatellitesatrisk.SuMengisthefounderofOriginSpace.Hesaidthecompanyplanstolaunchmanyspacetelescopesandmorespacecrafttobeginthefirstfor-profitminingofasteroidsby2045.SuaddedthatNEO-01willserveasaprototype（雏形）offuturespaceminingrobots,whichcanuserichmineralresourcesonasteroidstosupportthedevelopmentofthespaceindustry.TheXinhuanewsagencyreportedthatChinawasincreasingeffortstolandaspacecraftonanear-Earthasteroidtocollectmaterials.Chinaisalsospeedingupaplantobuildadefensesystemagainstnear-Earthasteroids.ThecountryaimstofollowRussiaandtheUnitedStatesinbecomingamajorspacepowerby2030.WhichofthefollowingcancorrectlydescribeNEO-01?Itweighs60kilograms.ItwascreatedbyPlanetaryResources.Itwillbeburntafterfinishingitsmission.Itismainlyusedtocatchspacewaste.Whatcanbeinferredfromthetext?Chinawillbethemostpowerfulinspaceby2030.OriginSpacewillopenmoreminesonasteroids.Itisthoseuselesssatellitesthatmakespacewaste.Therobotwilllookintodeepspaceformorewaste.WhatdoesSuMengthinkofNEO-01?A.Itispromisingandrewarding. B.Ithasbenefitedthespaceindustry.C.It'salongwaytoproduceit. D.It'llhelpmakemoneyforthecompany.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?NEO-01,ASmartRobotUsedinSpaceAChineseRobotCanCatchSpaceWasteANewRobotMakesChinaaSpacePowerNEO-01,thePioneerofFutureSpaceRobotsDWhoisagenius?Thisquestionhasgreatlyinterestedhumankindforcenturies.Let'sstateclearly:Einsteinwasagenius.Hisfaceisalmosttheinternationalsymbolforgenius.Butwewanttogobeyondonemanandexplorethenatureofgeniusitself.Whyisitthatsomepeoplearesomuchmoreintelligentorcreativethantherestofus?Andwhoarethey?Inthesciencesandarts,thosepraisedasgeniusesweremostoftenwhitemen,ofEuropeanorigin.Perhapsthisisnotasurprise.It'ssaidthathistoryiswrittenbythevictors,andthosevictorssetthestandardsforadmissiontothegeniusclub.Whencontributionsweremadebygeniusesoutsidetheclub—women,orpeopleofadifferentcolor1orbelief—theywereunacknowledgedandrejectedbyothers.AstudyrecentlypublishedbySciencefoundthatasyoungasagesix,girlsarelesslikelythanboystosaythatmembersoftheirgender（性别）are“really,reallysmart.”Evenworse,thestudyfoundthatgirlsactonthatbelief:Aroundagesixtheystarttoavoidactivitiessaidtobeforchildrenwhoare“really,reallysmart.”Canourplanetaffordtohaveanygreatthinkersbecomediscouragedandgiveup?Itdoesn'ttakeageniustoknowtheanswer:lynot.Here'sthegoodnews.Inawiredworldwithconstantglobalcommunication,we'reallpositionedtoseeflashesofgeniuswherevertheyappear.Andthemorewelook,themorewewillseethatsocialfactors（因素）likegender,race,andclassdonotdeterminetheappearanceofgenius.Asawritersays,futuregeniusescomefromthosewith“intelligence,creativity,perseverance（毅力），andsimplegoodfortune,whoareabletochangetheworld.”Whatdoestheauthorthinkofvictors'standardsforjoiningthegeniusclub?A.They'reunfair. B.They'reconservative.C.They'reobjective. D.They'restrict.WhatcanweinferaboutgirlsfromthestudyinScience?Theythinkthemselvessmart.Theylookuptogreatthinkers.Theyseegenderdifferencesearlierthanboys.Theyarelikelytobeinfluencedbysocialbeliefs14.Whyaremoregeniusesknowntothepublic?Improvedglobalcommunication.Lessdiscriminationagainstwomen.C.Acceptanceofvictors'concepts.D.Changesinpeople'ssocialpositions.15.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.GeniusesThinkAlike B.GeniusTakesManyFormsGeniusandIntelligence D.GeniusandLuck第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项LifelonglearningisgoodforyouItisimpossibleforeveryonetohaveaccesstoadditionalformaleducation. 16 Forexample,books,onlinecourses,MOOCsandsoonareavailable.Thefollowingpointsarereasonswhyyoushouldsticktolifelonglearning.Educationallevelinfluencesyourworkperformance.In2015someresearchersfoundpeoplewithabachelor’sdegreecanmeanmuchmorethanthosejustwithahighschooldegree. 17 Newtechnologychangesthenatureofworkandweneedcontinuouslearningandpersonalgrowthtoadapttoourselvestothechanges.___18___Peoplewhoenjoylearningaremorethanactiveatworkthanthosewhodon’t.Nowthinkofthemostadmirablecolleaguesyouknow.Dotheytendtobeknowledgeableaboutalmostanytopicofinterest?Dotheymakeinsightfulspeechesofthetopicstheyknowbest?Dotheyseemopen-mindedandintellectually?Thoseyouadmiremostarethosewhoseemmostdevotedtolearningandpersonalgrowth.Ourabilitytolearnisakeystoneofhumanmotivation.Haveyoueversatinaquietplaceandfinishedagreatnovel?Doyourememberthefeelingsofaccomplishmentwhenyousolveachallengingtask?___19___Educationmaynotalwayshaveinfluenceonwealth,health,orcareer.Butitwouldobviouslycontributetothespecialqualitiesanduniquenessofeachone.Therearemanyreasonswhyweshouldcontinuelearning.Lifelonglearningisn’tjustaneconomicnecessitybutaphysical,emotional,andsocialone.Weliveinanagefullofopportunitiesforlearning. 20 Onceyoucatchthem,youwillgetoneofthemostrewardingthings.Haveyoumanagedtoconductdifficultexperimentsorcreatesomethingnew?Educationalinputdeterminesyourcompetitiveness.Open-mindednessandcuriosityarebeneficialtoyourcareer.In2014areportedsaidthat50%ofjobswouldbecomeunnecessaryby2025duetotechnologicaldevelopment.Butitwouldobviouslycontributetothespecialqualitiesanduniquenessofeachone.Fortunately,manyeducationalresourceshavemadeiteasierforpeopletodevelopahabitoflifelonglearning.第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项Theotherday,Itrulysawaloveatmyworkplacethatbroughtmetotears.Iworkasa 21 atahotel.Thatnightthiselderlywhiteandwealthycouple 22 therestaurantMyco-worker 23 them.Weusuallyarrange24byourselves,butbecausewewerevery 25 thatnight,wehelpedeachotherout.Atonepointtheelderlycouplegavemea 26 tocomeover.Thehusbandbegan27andstartedstuttering（结巴）tothedegreethatI5veneverheardbefore.Itwasveryclearthathehada 28 disorder.Icouldtellthatthewifehad 29 herhusbandextensively（广泛地）whatshewantedasawayforhimto30ordering.Ittookawhileforhimtoorder. 31 ,shewassittingthereandlookedso 32 althoughherhusbandhadstuttered. 33 thewholethingjustdidsomethingtome.Itwasbeautifulandjustmademerealizethatahugepartofloveistoaccept, 34 andsupportothers.Shecouldhavemadetheorderandmadethingsalot 35 forherhusbandandavoidthe 36 fromothertables,butshedidn't.Insteadshesupportedhimandwasproudtoseehim 37 it.AnotherthingI 38 wasthatlifeisdifficultforallofus.Ithoughtthese 39 peoplehadeverythinggoingforthemandI'msuretheydo,butitjustremindedmethatallofushaveourown 40 .A.maid B.waitress C.manager D.housekeeperA.returnedfrom B.headedfor C.walkedby D.cameinto23.A.seatedB.comfortedC.suspectedD.introduced24.A.dishesB.tablesC.flowersD.rooms25.A.lazyB.busyC.lonelyD.friendly26.A.commandB.detailC.signalD.warning27.A.orderingB.quarrellingC.apologising D.bargaining28.A.eatingB.hearingC.speechD.eye29.A.toldB.foundC.broughtD.made30.A.regretB.escapeC.rememberD.practiseA.InsteadA.upsetA.NormallyA.serveA.easierA.staresA.stopA.expectedA.famousA.waysB.BesidesB.contentB.UnfortunatelyB.rewardB.worseB.cheersB.planB.suggestedB.richideasC.ThereforesurprisedC.HonestlyC.impressC.morevaluableC.guidanceC.continueC.learnedC.ordinaryproblemsMeanwhileD.determinedD.StrangelyD.tolerateD.morestupidD.influenceD.completeD.imaginedD.localD.mistakes第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式Mother’sDayisaholidayformothers.Andonthisday,mothersdon’twork.Itis 41. thesecondSundayinMay. 42. (be)popular,Mother’sDayiscelebratedintheUnitedStates,England,Sweden,India,Mexicoandsomeother 43. (country).Littlebylittle,itbecomes 44. (wide)celebrated.Ontheday,manypeoplesendpresentsoflovetotheirmothers.Those 45. mothersarestilllivingoftenwearapinkorredroseorcarnation, 46. thosewhosemothersare 47. (die)wearawhiteone.Theideaofadayformotherswasfirst 48. (give)byMissAnnaJarvisofPhiladelphia.The 49. (celebrate)ofthefirstAmericanMother’sDaywasheldinPhiladelphiaonMay10,1908.Soon 50. holidaybecamepopulararoundthecountryandtheworld.第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节短文改错（满分10分）.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（回），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；只允许修改10处，多改（从第11处起）不计分。IhavebeencollectingthesongsoftheBeatlesforalongtime.ThefirsttimewhenIsawthemonthetelevision,Iwasimmediatelyattractingbythem.Actual,thereasonwhyIlovethesongsisbecausemyfavouritesongYesterdayisamongthem,whichconveyssadness.Besides,notalltheirsongswerelikethatsong.Somearefunny;othersarecheerfulandexpressoriginalideaandhavelovelytunes.TheBeatlesseemedtohaveaabilitytodescribethehopesandfearsofyoungpeopleandcommunicatethem.I’msureourmusicwillberememberedforever.第二节书面表达（满分25分）.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写一段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写词数应为80左右。Windwhistledroundthecornerofthehouse,thunderrolledandrainbeatagainstthewindows—notanighttobeoutsidebutrathertositbythefire.Thankstothesolidwallsandroofoverhead,IcouldimagineDr.Frankenstein'sfrighteningcreationwanderingonsuchanight.Iwasalone,myhusbandawayandthenearestneighboraquartermilesdowntheroad.Alone,thatis,exceptforLassie,ahairy,blackandwhitedog,whosatwithherheadonmylap,herintelligent,browneyesgazingupatmeasiftosay,