2021届北京市延庆区新华民族中学高三英语三模试卷及答案

2021届北京市延庆区新华民族中学高三英语三模试卷及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项APeopleintheMiddleAgesdideatwiththeirhands.Personalutensils（餐具）weremostlyunheardof,especiallyforks.Therewerespoonstohelpserve,butonlyspecialguestswouldreceiveaknifefromthehost.Everyoneelsewouldbeexpectedtobringtheirown.Ofcourse,eatingwithone'shandscanbequiteastickysituation,sotowelswereprovidedtohelpdinersstayatleastsomewhatcleanastheyate.Still,diningwasoftenamessyaffair.Atspecialoccasionsinthewealthiesthouseholds,womentendedtodinealone,separatefromthemen.Womenwereexpectedtoupholdaqualityofgrace.Eatinggreasymeatbyhandwouldcertainlynothelp!Oncethemenandwomenhadfinishedtheirmeals,theywouldcometogethertosocialize.DietaryscholarsoftheMiddleAgesbelievedthatthefoodsinamealneededtobeservedandeateninorderofheaviness.Thelightestandmosteasilydigestedfoods,suchasfruitsandcheeses,wereeatenfirsttohelpthedigestive（消化）systemgetstarted.Oncedigestionwasunderway,greensandlightmeats,suchaslettuce,cabbageandchicken,couldbeeaten.Lastcametheheaviervegetablesandmeats,suchascarrots,beans,beef,pork,andmutton.Thismethodwasconsideredthemosthealthfulwaytoeat.Themainandlargestmealofthedaywassupper,anditwaseatenatmidday.Dinnerwasalightmeal,andmanyofthoseinnobility（贵族）-thehighestlevelsoftheMiddleAgessociety-skippedbreakfastaltogether.Breakfastwasconsideredunnecessaryforthosewhodidnotperformphysicalwork.Snacksandanyothereatingduringthedaywereviewedthesameway.Commoners,ortheworkingclass,wereallowedtoeatbreakfastandsmallmealsthroughouttheday.WhatdidpeopleintheMiddleAgesusuallydoatthedinnertable?Theycleanedhandsbeforemeals.Theyusedpersonalutensils.Theyhadtouseknivesatdinner.Theyatemostlywithhands.Whatisthethirdparagraphmainlyabout?Theorderofeatingfoods.Theweightofvariousfoods.Theprinciplesofdigestingfoods.Thelistofhealthyfoods.Whydidthenobilityavoideatingbreakfast?Breakfastwaswastedforthenobility.Breakfastwasviewedasunnecessary.Breakfastwasconsideredasalightmeal.Breakfastwassavedforcommoners.BIdon’tthinkIcanrecallatimewhenIwasn’tawareofthebeautyoftheocean.GrowingupinAustralia,Ihadthegoodfortuneofhavingtheseaatmyside.ThefirsttimeIwenttoHalfmoonBay,Isuddenlyhadthefeelingofnotbeingabletofeelthegroundwithmyfeetanymore.Formy10thbirthday,mysisterandIweretakenouttotheGreatBarrierReef.Therewerefishindifferentcolor1s,cavesandlayersofcoral.Theymadesuchanimpressiononme.WhenIlearnedthatonlyonepercentofAustralia’sCoralSeawasprotected,Iwasshocked.Australianmarine（海洋的）lifeisparticularlyimportantbecausethereefshavemoremarinespeciesthananyothercountryonearth.Butsadly,only45%oftheworld’sreefsareconsideredhealthy.Thisstatisticisdepressing,soit’simportantforustodoeverythingtoprotectthem.ThehopethattheCoralSearemainsacompleteecosystemhasledmetotakeaction.I’vebecomeinvolvedwiththeProtectOurCoralSeaactivity,whichaimstocreatethelargestmarineparkintheworld.Itwouldserveasaplacewheretheocean’sspecieswillallhaveasafeplaceforever.Together,AngusandIcreatedalittlevideoandwehopeitwillinspirepeopletobepartofthemovement.Angusalsosharesmanybeautifulchildhoodmemoriesoftheoceanasayoungboy,whogrewupsailing,admiringthebeautyoftheocean,andtryingtofindthesecretsofoceanspecies.WhatcanwelearnabouttheauthorfromtheunderlinedsentenceinPara.1?Heseldomwentsurfingatthesea.Heforgothisexperiencesabouttheocean.Heneverwentbacktohishometown.HehadawonderfulimpressionofHalfmoonBay.WhatisAustralianmarinelifelikeaccordingtothesecondparagraph?ItisescapingfromtheCoralSeagradually.Itdependsonreefsforlivinggreatly.Itmaybefacedwithdanger.Itisprotectedbetterthanthatinotheroceans.What’sthepurposeofTheProtectOurCoralSeaactivity?Itisintendedtocontributetoacompleteecosystem.Itisintendedtopreventmoremarinespeciesbeingendangered.Itisintendedtosetupalargenaturereserveforreefs.Itisintendedtoraisemoreteenagers’environmentalawareness.WhydoAngusandtheauthorcreatealittlevideo?Tourgemorepeopletotakeactiontoprotectthemarinespecies.Toinspiremorepeopletoexplorethesecretoftheocean.Tosharetheirchildhoodexperiencesabouttheocean.Tobringbacktopeopletheirmemoryofoceanspecies.CIt’salittlebefore8a.m.whenMathiasSchergenpushesopenthesidedooratChicago’sJennerElementaryAcademyfortheArts.Hewalksdownthehalltowardtheofficetosignin.It’sthesameroutinehe’shadasJenner’sartteacherfornearlyaquartercentury.“It’sgoingtobeagoodday,”acolleaguecallsout.“It’sagoodday.”Theyhug.ItseemslikeatypicalFriday.Exceptit’snot.After23yearsatJennerElementary,Schergenisretiring.Evenonhislastday,therearestillartprojectstofinish.Schergenleavesbehindarichlegacvatthisschool.He’swongrants（拨款）forartprojects.Heturnedanemptyclassroomintoamuseum.He’spushedhisstudentstomakeartabouttheirlives.AndhewasawardedaGoldenApple—themosthonorableteachingawardinChicago.Butitwasn’talwayseasy.Foryears,Schergentaughtinoneofthecity’stoughestneighborhoods.“WhenIfirstgotmyroom,Inoticedtherewerebulletholesinthewindow.Thatmademenervous,”hesays.SohestuffedBeanieBabiesintheholestomakeit“lookkindoffunny”.“Ididn’teventellmywifeforawholeyear,”hesays.“Ididn’twanthertoknow.”Withonehourtogo,Schergenpilesthechairsandsweepsthefloor.Hecleansoutthesinkforthelasttime.Fifth-graderDeontaeBarnes,oneofhisbesthelpers,haswatchedhimsaygoodbyeallday.Hewandersinthedoorway.“Ah,comehere,son,”Schergensays,signalinghimover.Hebendsdownforahug.“Thankyouformakingtheselastdaysspecialandbeingahelptome.WhenDeontaeleaves,areporterasksSchergen:Whenyourkidsaskwhyyou’reretiring,whatdoyoutellthem?“Ijusttellthemthatgrownpeoplehavedreamstoo,”hesays.“IhaveotherthingsinmylifeIhavetodo.It’stime.It’sjusttime.”WhyisitaspecialFridayforSchergen?A.Hewasretiringonthatday. B.Hewonanhonorforhisschool.C.Hewasinterviewedbyareporter. D.HereceivedaGoldenAppleaward.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“legacy”inParagraph2referto?A.Artprojects. B.Greatachievements.C.Respectfromstudents. D.Changeinteaching.WhatmadeSchergennervouswhenhefirstgottotheschool?A.Safetyconcernsintheschool.C.Beingmisunderstoodbyhisfamily.11.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.ATypicalDayforanArtTeacherC.ATeacher’sFinalDayatSchoolB.Thepoorly-equippedclassroom.D.Students’pooracademicperformanceB.TimeforArtProjectsD.TheLastArtClassDWeinterviewedtwopeople,onewhowentfromthecountrytothecityandonewhodidtheopposite.JanetLincolnisasalesgirlwhomovedtoSt.Louisfiveyearsago.Here’swhatJanettoldus:“FiveyearsagoIusedtoliveinasmalltowncalledLemonFalls.Igrewupandwenttohighschoolthere.AfterIgraduatedIworkedinasupermarket.LemonFallshadapopulationofabout800people,andIkneweverysingleoneofthem.Theyallkneweverythingaboutme,too.Youcouldn’tdoanythingwithouteveryoneintownknowingaboutit.ThefirstchanceIgotImovedtoSt.LouisandIloveit.Idon’tknowasmanypeoplenowasIusedto,butthat'sOK.Ihaveafewgoodfriends,andIseethemwhenIwantto.Ikindoflikebeinganonymous.I'dnevergobacktoLemonFalls.”TroyHensonhadtheoppositeexperience.Heandhiswife,Darla,andtheirtwochildrenmovedfromSt.LouistoBloomfieldthreeyearsago.Here'swhatTroytoldus:“ThebestthingweeverdidwasgetoutofSt.Louis.Don'tgetmewrong;St.Louisisasgoodaplaceasanyothercity,Isuppose—ifyoulikecities,thatis.Wedon't.BothDarlaandIgrewupinSt.Louis.Wemetatcollegeandgotmarried.Thenthekidscamealongandlifegotdifficult.Wedidn'tknowanyofourneighbors.Webothhadgoodjobs,butitalwaysseemedliketherewasneverenoughmoney.ThatallchangedwhenwemovedtoBloomfield.Idon’tmakeasmuchmoneyasIusedto,butthenwedon’thaveasmanyexpensesaswedid.Weknowourneighbors.Lifeisgood.We’dneverleaveBloomfield.”WhattroubledJanetwhenshewasinLemonFalls?A.Shehadnofriends. B.Therewasnoprivacy.C.Therewasalotofcompetition. D.Shecouldn’tfindawell-paidjob.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“anonymous”inParagraph3mean?A.Alone. B.Prepared. C.Sociable. D.Unknown.DifferentfromJanet,Troy .A.preferscountrylife B.movedtoabiggercityC.grewupinasmallertown D.knowslittleabouthisnewneighborsWhatisTroy’sopiniononlivinginBloomfield?A.Itisalittleboring. B.Itisquitecomfortable.C.Itcostsalotofmoney. D.Itcreatesasafeenvironment.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项HowtoIncreaseYourDistanceinLong-DistanceRunningRunninglongdistancesisagreatwaytogetinshape,reducestress,andfeelgreat.Asaresult,manypeoplecometolovethisformofexercise. 16 Herearesomesuggestionsthatmightbeofgreathelp.Committoatrainingplan.Tohelpyourunlonger,chooseatrainingplanthatworksforyou.Itwillhelpyouincreaseyourmileage（里程）graduallysoyou’llbeabletoavoidinjuriesandbuildyourendurance. 17 Thenyou’llbeabletomentallyandphysicallyprepare. 18 Tohelpyoumentallygetthroughyourrunsandincreaseyourdistance,trythinkingofyourrunashavingmultiplesections.Onceyoufinishwithasection,youwillbemotivatedtokeepgoingthroughthenextone.Ifyouhaveanexercisetrackingdevice,youcanbreakupyourrunbykeepingtrackofyourdistanceonyourphone,watch,orotherdevices.Increaseyourmileagegradually.Toavoidgettingtiredorinjured,addmileagetoyourrunsgradually.Itissuggestedthatyouincreaseyourmileagebyonlyabout10%eachweek. 19 Whileitisgreattopushyourself,youneedtogiveyourbodytimetoadjust.Takebreakswhenyouneedthem.Whileyourgoalmaybetocompleteyourlongdistancerunwithoutstopping,itismoreimportantthatyoulistentoyourbodyandtakebreaks.Youcanchoosetowalk,drinkwater,oreataquicksnakewhennecessary. 20 Breakupyourrunintosections.Theywillallowyoutorecoverandrunforevenlonger.Beforerunning,however,remembertopreventinjuries.Italsoletsyouknowwhatdistanceyouhavecomingup.Keeptrackofyourdistanceonanexercisetrackingdevice.However,itcanbehardforbothexperiencedandnewrunners.Themajorityofrunninginjuriesoccurbecauseofover-training.第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项JiangTaigongisapopularnameforJiangZiya,statesmanandstrategist战略家）.Asanoutstanding___21___ofKingWenoftheZhouStatein___22___China,attheageof80,hehelpedtheyoungKingWu23theShangdynasty（商朝）andestablishtheZhoudynasty.JiangZiyalivedneartheWeishuiRiverabout3000yearsago.Theareawasthefeudalestate（领地）ofCount（候）JiChang.JiangknewJiwasvery24sohehopedtogetJi'sattention.Heoftenwentfishing___25___theWeishuiRiver,buthewouldfishinanunusualway.He___26___astraightfishhook,withoutbait,threefeetabovethewater.Heoftensaidtohimself,“Fish,ifyoudon'twanttoliveanymore,comeand___27___thehookyourself.”Soonhis___28___wayoffishingwasreportedtoJiChang.Jisentasoldiertofetchhim.Jiangsawthesoldiercoming,but___29___him.Jiangjustwentonwithhisfishing,andwassayingtohimself,“Fishing,fishing,nofishhasbeenhooked.Ashrimp（虾）isuptomischief（胡闹，捣鬼）.”ThesoldierreportedthisbacktoJiChang,whobecamemore___30___Jiang.Jisentanofficialto___31___Jiangthistime.ButJiangagainignoredtheinvitation.Hejustcarried___32___fishing,andwassaying,“Fishing,fishing,thebigfishhasnotbeenhooked.Asmalloneisuptomischief.”ThenJirealizedJiangmaybea33talent（人才）sohewenttoinviteJiang34andbroughtmanygenerousgiftswithhim.Jiangsawhis___35___desiresodecidedtoworkforhim.Jiang___36___JiChangandhissontotumovertheShangdynastyandestablishtheZhoudynasty.ThenJiangwasgiventhe___37___of“Taigong”sopeoplecalledhimJiangTaigong.Lateron,“Therearealwaysfishwillingtobecaughtbyangler（垂钓者）JiangTaigong”,anidiom,appeared.Today,peopleusethisoldidiomtodescribesomeonewhois___38___tofallintoatrapordoessomethingregardlessoftheresult.Forexample,ifsomeonesellssomething___39___aprice10timesitsrealvalue,thebuyerinsistingonbuyingit,withoutcaringwhetheritisreally40,andifitcanbringhimsome1讨0出$1$（利"益，好处）,hissituationcouldbedescribedwiththisidiom.21.A.guardB.followerC.adviserD.cook22.A.ancientB.modernC.poorD.developing23.A.standbyB.foundC.stopD.overthrow24.A.kindB.ambitiousC.proudD.hard-working25.A.inB.byC.over D.across26.A.hungB.putC.madeD.held27.A.touchB.kissC.pushD.swallow28.A.commonB.strangeC.obviousD.practical29.A.greetedB.admiredC.ignoredD.encouraged30.A.tiredofB.interestedinC.frightenedat D.satisfiedwith31.A.inviteB.dragC.observeD.attract32.A.onB.overC.withD.out33.A.funnyB.strongC.greatD.beautiful34.A.herselfB.itselfC.themselvesD.himself35.A.falseB.sincereC.fastD.timely36.A.helpedB.ledC.desiredD.advised37.A.nameB.powerC.titleD.wealth38.A.sureB.surprisedC.willingD.afraid39.A.forB.atC.to D.by40.A.suitableB.terribleC.probableD.valuable第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式TheTokyo2020Olympics, 41. sponsorshiprevenue（赞助收入）hasexceeded$3.1billion,___42.___（reschedule）tobeheldfromJuly23toAugust8in2021duetotheCOVID-19pandemic,___43.___（shorten）theOlympicmarketingperiodfortheBeijingWinterOlympics—tobeheldinFebruary2022—byayear.RenHai,aprofessorattheOlympicResearchCenter,claimedonTuesday,“Therewillofcoursebe 44. impact,butIthinktheimpactwillbelimited,astheSummerOlympicsandWinterOlympicsaredifferentintermsofsportsanddisciplines,”Rensaid.“ 45. （history）,thetwodifferentOlympicswerehostedveryclosetogether.”Ren 46. （refer）totheperiodfrom1924to1992, 47. boththeWinterandSummerOlympicswereheldinthesameyear.HeWenyi,executivedirectoroftheChinaInstituteforSportsValue,saidthereason 48. thelimitedimpactonWinterOlympicsmarketingis 49. Chinahaslyfewwintersportsstars.“ThepromotionaleventsofBeijing2022areunlikely 50. （affect）,astheCOVID-19isundercontrolinChina.”HeWenyiadded.第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节短文改错（满分10分）51.单句改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）以下句子中每句有一处错误，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（回），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。ItcannottellusmuchabouttheChinese.Ontheotherhand,itdotellusalotaboutAmericans.Tired,hungry,andnotknewawordofChinese,wehadnoideahowtoorder.Withthis,wehadthepleasureofexperiencinganentirenewtaste:Sichuanpeppercorns.Asresult,theirtraditionalfoodsarewhatyoucancookoveranopenfire—usuallyboiledorroastedmeat.Infact,oneofthelargestshoppingmallinNorthAmericaisinEdmonton.Theywentthroughtwowheat-growingprovinces,whichtheysawquantitiesoffarmscoveringalargearea.ThecousinschattedwithLinFei,thathadmovedtoCanadamanyyearsearlier.Thefoodwaswonderful,butitwasevenmoreimportantwasthefriendshipofferedbyChinesepeople.Thebluewaterliterallytookthembreathawaywithitsexceptionalbeauty.Itwasnotuntil9:30a.m.thattheyfinallyreachedtothecapitalofOntario,Toronto.第二节书面表达（满分25分）52.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。LesiaCartelliwasbadlyburnedinagasexplosionathergrandparent’shouseatage9.Infact，theburnsweresoseverethatherowngrandfatherdidn’trecognizeher.Butnow，thisbravewomanusesherinjuredpasttohelpotherburnvictimsfindhealing.Onthatterribleday，Lesiaandhercousinwereplayingintheirgrandparent’sbasement.Agasleakcausedthewholehousetoblowup.Theexplosionthrewmanyofthe9familymembersinthehomeacrossthestreet.Alreadyafighter，Lesiapulledherselfoutoftheruins.Flamesstillcoveredherlittlebody，sosherolledinthedirtandsnow