2014年全国高考英语试题及答案卷

选择题部分（80分第一部分：英语知识应用（30分第一节：单项填空（200.510分A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该选项标号---IamgoingtoSpainfortaholiday A.It’smy B.Never C.Leaveit D.GoodforThepaperisduenextmonth,andIamworkingsevendays week,oftenlong A.Aa; B.the;不 C.a; D.不填Anaverageofjust18.75cmofrainfelllastyear,making thedriestyearsinceCaliforniabecameastatein1850.A. B. C. D.Joeisproudand ,neveradmittingheiswrongandalwayslookingforsomeoneelsetoA. B. C. D.Idon’t easeriousclimberuntilthefifthgrade, Iwentuptorescueakitethatwasstuckinthebranchesofatree.A. B. C. D.Wemostprefertosayyestothe ofsomeoneweknowandA. B. C. D.Lastweekatennisballhitmeonthehead,butItriedto thepain,believingthatitwouldgoawaysoonerorlater.A. B. C. D.“Everytimeyoueatasweet,drinkgreentea.”This mymotherusedtolA. B. C. D.Nomatterhowcarefullyyounyourfinances,noone whentheunexpectedwillA. B. C. D.Whilestayinginthevillage,Jamesunselfishlysharedwhateverhehadwiththevillagers askingforanything A.in B.in C.in D.inSofialookedaroundatallthefaces:shehadtheimpressionthatshe mostoftheguestsA.has B.had C. D.wouldFacinguptoyourproblem runningawayfromthemisthebestapproachtoworkingthingsA.more B.rather C.along D.orTheaimofeducationistoteachyoungpeopletothinkforthemselvesandnotfollowothers A. B. C. D.AnnieSalmon,disabled,isattendedthroughoutherschooldaysbyanurse toguardA.to B. C. D.havingCathyhadquitherjobwhenhersonwasborn shecouldstayhomeandraiseherfamily.A.nowthat B.asif C.onlyif D.sothatTheywereabroadduringthemonthswhenwewerecarryingouttheinvestigation,orthey ourhelp.A.wouldhave B.could C.have D.hadPeoplewon’tpayattentiontoyouwhentheystillhavealotofideasoftheirowncrying A. B. C. D.There’snoreasontobedisappointed. ,thiscouldberatherA.Above B.Asa C.In D.AsamatterofHowcouldyou suchafantasticjobwhenyouhavebeenoutofworkforA.turn B.turn C.turn D.turn—I’dlikeawake-upcallat7:00a.m.,—OK, A.help B.YouwillcertainlymakeC.justdowhatyou D.I’llmakesureyouget第二节：完形填空（20120分21—40各题所给的四个选项中（A、B、CD）中，选IhadworriedmyselfsickoverSimon’smothercomingtoseeme.Iwasanew21,andIgaveanhonestaccountofthestudents’work.InSimon’scase,thegradeswereawfullylow.Hecouldn’treadhisownhandwriting.22hewasabrightstudent.Hediscussedadultsubjectswithnearlyadultcomprehension.Hisworkinnowayreflectedhis23.SowhenSimon’smotherenteredtheroom,mypa()weresweating.Icompley24forherlissesonbothmycheeks.Icametothankyoushesaid,surprisingmebeyondspeech.25me,Simonhad eadifferent .Hetalkedofhowhe26me,hehadbegantomakefriends,andforthefirsttimeinhistwelveyears,hehad27spentanafternoonatafriend’shouse.Shewantedtolmehowgratefulshewasforthe28Ihadnurtured(培养)inherson.Shekissedmeagainandleft.Isat,stunned(惊呆),forabouthalfanhour,29whathadjusthappened.HowdidImakesuchlife-changingdifferencetothatboywithout30knowingit?WhatIfinallycameto31wasoneday,severalmonthsbefore,whensomestudentswere32reportsinthefrontoftheclass,nnespoke33,andtoencouragehertoraisehervoice,Lhadsai,“Speakup.Simon’stheexpertonthis.Heisthe34oneyouhavetoconvince,andhecan’thearyouinthe35oftheroom.”Thatwasit.Fromthatdayon,Simonhadsatupstraighter,paidmoreattention,36more,andbecamehappy.Anditwasallbecausehe37tobethelastkidinthelastrow.Theboywhomostneeded38wastheonewhotookthelastseatthatday.Ittaughtmethemost39lessonovertheyearsofmyteachingcareer,andI’mthankfulthatitcame40andpositively.Asmallkindnesscanindeedmakeadifference.A.A.B.B.C.C.D.D.23.A.B.C.D.24.A.B.C.D.25.A.BecauseB.InspiteC.ApartD.As26.A.B.C.D.27.A.B.C.D.28.A.self-B.self-C.self-D.self-29.A.B.C.D.30.A.B.C.D.31.A.B.C.D.32.A.B.C.D.33.A.B.C.D.34.A.B.C.D.35.A.B.C.D.36.A.B. C.D.37.A.B.C.D.38.A.B.C.D.39.A.B.C.D.40.A.B.C.D.第二部分阅读理解（20550分AWealthstartswithagoalsavingadollaratatime.Callitthepiggybankstrategy(策略).Therearelessonsinthattime-honoredcoin-savingcontainer.Anyhugetaskseemseasierwhenreducedtobabysteps.Ifyouwishedtoclimba12,000-footmountain,andcoulddoitadayatatime,youwouldonlyhavetoclimb33feetdailytoreachthetopinayear.Ifyouwanttotakeareallynicetripin10yearsforaspecialoccasion,tocollectthe$15,000cost,youhavetosave$3.93aday.Ifyoudropthatintoapiggybankandthenonceayearput$1,434inasavingsaccountat1%interestrateafter-tax,youwillhaveyourtripmoney.WhenIwasachild,myparentsgavemeapiggybanktoteachmethat,ifIwantedsomething,Ishouldsavemoneytobuyit.Weassociatepiggybankswithchildren,butinmanycountries,thelittlecontainersarealsopopularwithadults.Europeansseeapiggybankasasignofgoodfortuneandwealth.Aroundtheworld,manybelieveagiftofapiggybankonNewYear’sDaybringsgoodluckandfinancialsuccess.Ah,butyouhavetoputsomethinginit.Whyisapigusedasasymbolofsaving?Whynotanelephantbank,whichisbiggerandholdsmorecoins?IntheMiddleAges,beforemodernbankingandcreditinstruments,peoplesavedmoneyathome,afewcoinsatatimedroppedintoajarordish.Potters(制陶工)madetheseinexpensivecontainersfromanorange-coloredclay(黏土)called“pygg,”andfolkssavedcoinsinpyggjars.TheMiddleEnglishwordforpigwas“pigge”.WhiletheSaxonspronouncedpygg,referringtotheclay,as“pug”,eventuallythetwowordschangedintothesamepronunciation,soundingthe“i”asinpigorpiggy.Asthewordbecamelessassociatedwiththeorangeclayandmorewiththeanimal,acleverpotterfashionedapyggjarintheshapeofapig,delightingchildrenandadults.Thepiggybankwasborn.Originallyyouhadtobreakthebanktogettothemoney,bringinginasenseofseriousnessintosavings.Whilepiggybanksteachchildrenthewisdomofsaving,adultsoftenneedtorelearnchildhoodlessons.Thinkaboutthethingsinlifethatrequirelargeamountsofmoney---collegeeducation,weddings,cars,medicalcare,startingabusiness,buyingahome,andfunstufflikegreattrips.Sowhenyouhavemoney,takeoffthetop10%,putitaside,saveandinvestwisely.WhatisthepiggybankPaying etaxataSettingagoalbeforemakingatravelAiminghighevenwhenngsmallPuttingasidealittlemoneyregularlyforfutureWhydidthewriter’sparentsgivehimapiggybankasaA.Todelighthimwiththelatest B.ToencouragehimtoclimbC.Tohelphimformthehabitof D.ToteachhimEnglishWhatdoesthenunderlinedword“something”(Paragraph3)mostprobablyreferA. B.C.Financial D.GoodThepiggybanoriginallywas A.apotter’s B.acheapclayC.ananimal-shaped D.apig-liketoyforThelastparagraphtalksabout theseriousnessofeducating B.theenjoymentoftakingagreatC.theimportanceofmanaging D.thedifficultyofstartingaBHereissomemust-knowinformationfromahandbookonhowpeoplebehaveinngbusinessinsomeInBraziliansarewarmandfriendly.Theyoftenstandclosewhentalkinganditiscommonforthemtotouchthe ontheshoulder.Peopleoftengreeteachother(particularlywomen)withlightcheekkisses.Schedulestendtobeflexible,withbusinessmeetingssometimesstartinglaterthannned.Buttobesafe,beontime.Mealscanstretchforhours—there’snosuchthingasrushingamealinBrazil.Lunchesalsocanstartinthemidtolateafternoon.Braziliansaresocial,preferringface-to-facecommunicationovermailsorphonecalls.InSingaporeansshakehandswhentheymeetandoftenalsogreeteachotherwithasmall,politebow.Businesscardsshouldbeofferedandreceivedwithtwohands.Arrivinglateisconsidereddisrespectful.Sobeontime.Efficiency(效率)isthegoal,someetingsanddealingsoftenarefast-paced.SingaporeansareThisdeterminesbothpeopleinctinmeetings.Forexample,peopleavoiddisagreeingoutrightwithsomeonewithahigherrank.IntheUnitedArabIntheUAEstatusisimportantsothemostseniororoldestshouldbegreetedfirstwiththeirtitlesThehandshakeseemstobelongerthanelsewhere.So,donotpullawaythehandshake.WomenshouldcoverthemselveswhenitcomestodressMenalsotendtobecoveredfromnecktoelbows(肘部anddowntotheknees.Peopledonotavoidentertainingintheirhomes,buttheyalsoholdbusinessmealsatrestaurants.Touchingorpassingfoodoreatingwithyourlefthandistobeavoided.Whenmeetingsareone-to-one,ifyourhostoffersyoucoffeeyoushouldrefuseItmightseemodd,butitisaculturaltradition.Coffeeshouldonlybeacceptedifitisalwayssetoutorpresented.InTheSwisstendtobeformalandaddresseachotherbylastname.Theyalsoarerespectfulofprivatelives.Youshouldbecarefulnottoaskaboutaltopics.Punctuality(守时)isvital,somethingthatcomesfromadeeprespectforotherstimeArriveatanymeetingoreventafewminutesearlytobesafe.TheyalsohaveclearstructureintheircompaniesHigher-upsmakethefinaldecisions,evenifothersmightdisagreeNeatcleandressisexpected.TheSwissfollowformaltablemannersTheyalsokeeptheirhandsvisibleatthetableandtheirelbowsoffthetable.Itispolitetofinishthefoodonyourte.Thepassageismainlyabout communication B.theworkceC.customsandsocial D.livingconditionsandWhydoSingaporeansavoidarguingwiththeirTheyputefficiencyinthefirstTheydislikeface-to-faceTheywanttofinishmeetingsasquicklyasTheyaresupposedtoobey ofahigherIntheUAE,whenshouldyourefusethecoffeeifitisWhengreeting B.WhenmeetingthehostC.Whenattendinga D.WhendiningwithbusinessInwhichcountrydopeoplecareaboutwheretoputtheirhandsatthedinnerIn B.InC.IntheUnitedArabEmirate. D.InSwitzerland.Lastsummer,twonineteenth-centurycottageswererescuedfromremotefarmfieldsinMontana,tobemovedtoanArtDecobuildinginSanFrancisco.Thehousesweremadeofwood.ThesecottagesoncehousedearlysettlersastheyworkedthedryMontanasoil;nowtheyhold Thecottagescouldbeanexampleoftheindustry’soddloveaffairwith“lowtechnology,”aconceptassociatedwiththenaturalworld,andwithold-schoolcraftsmanship(手艺)thatexistslongbeforetheInternetera.Lowtechnologyisnotvirtual(虚拟的)—so,totakeadvantageofit,Internetcompanieshavehadtogetcreative.Therescuedwoodcottages,fittedbyhandinthelateeighteen-hundreds,areanobviousexample,but ’sdesignslieontheextremeend.Othercompaniesareusingabroaderinterpretation(阐释)oflowtechnologythatfocusesonnature.Amazonisbuildingthreeglassspheresfilledwithtrees,sothatemployeescan“workandsocializeinamorenatural,park-likesetting.”At’soffice,anentireflooriscarpetedinglass. ’ssecondMenloParkcampuswillhavearooftopparkwithawalkingtrail.OlleLundbergthefounderofLundbergDesign,hasworkedwithmanytechcompaniesovertheyears.“Wehavelosttheconnectiontothemakerinourlives,andourtechengineersaretheoneswhofeelimpoverished(贫乏的becausethey’resurroundedbythedigitalworld,”hesays.“They’relookingforawaytoregaintheirindividualidentity,andwe’vefoundthatintroducingrealcraftsisonewaytodothat.”Thiscraftbasedtheoryisrootedinhistory,WilliamMorris,theEnglishandwriter,turnedbacktopre-industrialartsintheeighteen-sixties,justaftertheIndustrialRevolution.TheArtsandCraftsmovementdefineditselfagainstmachines.“Withoutcreativehumanoccupation,peoplebecamedisconnectedfromlife,”Morrissaid.areencouragedto“-bathe,”takingwalksthroughwoodstolowertheirbloodThesehealthbenefitsapplytotheworkceaswell.RachelKaplvin,aprofessorofenvironmentalpsychology,hasspentyearsresearchingtherestorativeeffectsofnaturalenvironment.Herresearchfoundthatworkerswithaccesstonatureattheoffice—evensimpleviewsoftreesandflowers—felttheirjobswerelessstressfulandmoresatisfying.Iflow-techofficescanpotentiallynourishthebrainsandimprovethementalhealthofemployeesthen,fine,bringonthecottages.Thewritermentionsthetwonineteenth-centurycottagestoshowthat ishavingahardtimeoldcottagesareinneedofearlysettlersoncesufferedfromadryclimateinInternetcompanieshaverediscoveredthebenefitsoflowLowtechnologyisregardedassomethingthat isrelatedto B.isoutofdateC.consumestoomuch D.existsinthevirtualThemainideaofParagraph5isthathumanbeings havedestroyedmanypre-industrialhaveatraditionofvaluingartsand e ligentbylearningcanregaintheirindividualidentitybyusingThewriter’sattitudeto“lowtechnology”canbestbedescribedas A. B. C. D.WhatmightbethebesttitleforthePastGlories,Future B.TheVirtualWorld,theRealC.High-techCompanies,Low-tech D.TheMoreCraftsmanship,theLessDAcitychild’ssummerisspentinthestreetinfrontofhishome,andallthroughthelongsummervacationsIsatontheedgeofthestreetandwatchedenviouslytheotherboysontheblockybaseball.Iwasneveraskedtotakepartevenwhenoneteamhadamembermissing—notoutofspecialcruelty,butbecausetheytookitforgrantedIwouldbenogoodatit.Theywereright,ofcourse.Iwouldneverforgetthewonderfuleveningwhensomethingchanged.Thebaseballendedabouteightoreightthirtywhenitgrewdark.Thenitwasthecustomoftheboystoretiretoalittlestoop(门廊)thatstuckoutfromthecandystoreonthecornerandthatsomehowhad etheirs.Nogrownupeversatthereorattemptedto.Theretheboyswouldsit,mostlytalkingaboutthegamesyedduringthedayandofthegametobeyedtomorrow.Thenlongsilenceswouldfallandtheboyswouldwanderoffonebyone.Itwasjustafteroneofthoselongsilencesthatmylifeasanoutsiderchanged.Icannolongerrememberwhichboyitwasthatsummereveningwhobrokethesilencewithaquestion:butwhoeverhewas,Inodto“Whatkind?”askedsomebodyelsewithoutmuchinterest.NordoIknowwhatdrovemetobehaveasIdid,forusuallyIjustsatthereinsilence,gladenoughtobeallowedtoreainamongthem;butinsteadofansweringhisquestion,ItoldthemfortwohoursthestoryIwasreadingatthemoment.ThebookwasSisterCarrie.Theylistenedbug-eyedandbreathless.Imusthavetolditwell,butIthinktherewasanotheranddeeperreasonthatmadethemtokeepanaudience.Listeningtoatalebeingtoldinthedarkisoneofthemostancientofman’sentertainments,butIwasofferingthemaswell,withoutbeingawareofngit,anewandexcitingexperience.ThebookstheythemselvesreadweretheRoverBoysorTomSwiftorG.A.Henty.Ihadreadthemtoo,butatthirteenIhadlongsinceleftthembehind.SinceIwasmuchaloneIhad eanenthusiasticreaderandIhadgonethroughthebooks-for-boysseries.Inthosedaystherewasnoreadingmaterialbetweenchildren’sandgrownups’booksorIcouldfindnone.IhadgonerightfromTomeSwiftandHisFlyingMachinetoThreDreiserandSisterCarrie.Dreiserhadhitmyyoungmind,andtheylistenedtomelthestorywithsomeofthewonderthatIhadhadinreadingit.Thenextnightandmanynightsthereafter,akindofunspokenritual(仪式)tookce.Asitdark,Iwouldtakemyceinthecenterofthestoopandbegintheevening’stale.Somenights,inordertotastemyvictorymorecompley,Icheated.IwouldstopatthemostexcitingpartofastorybyJackLondonorBretHarte,andwithoutwarninglthemthatthatwasasfarasIhadgoneinthebookanditwouldhavetobethefollowingevening.Itwasnottrue,ofcourse;butIhadtomakecertainofmynew-foundpowerandposition.Ienjoyedthelongsummereveningsuntilschoolbeganinthefall.Otherwordsofminehavebeenlistenedtobylargerandmorefashionableaudiences,butforthattoughandathleticonethatsatcloseonthestoopoutsidethecandystore,Ihaveanunreasoninglovethatwilllastforever.Watchingtheboysyingbaseball,thewritermusthavefelt bitterand B.specialandC.pleasedand D.disturbedandThewriterfeelsgratefulevennowtotheboywhoaskedthequestionbecausetheboy invitedhimtojoinintheirlikedthebookthathewasbrokethelongsilenceofthatsummerofferedhimanopportunitythatchangedhisAccordingtoParagraph3, lingwaspopularamongtheboysbasicallybecause thestorywasfromachildren’s B.listeningtotaleswasanage-oldC.theboyshadfewentertainmentsafter D.theboysdidn’treadbooksbyTheboyswereattractedtoSisterCarriebecause itwaswrittenbyThre B.itwasspecificallytargetedatC.itgavethemadeeperfeelingof D.ittalkedaboutthewondersoftheSometimesthewriterstoppedatthemostexcitingpartofastoryto A.yameantrickonthe B.experiencemorejoyofC.addhisownimaginationtothe D.helptheboysunderstandthestoryWhatisthemessageconveyedintheOnecanfindhispositioninlifeinhisownFriendshipisbuiltuponrespectforeachReadingismoreimportantthanyingAdulthabitsaredevelopedfrom Beagood Careaboutthe Strikeupa Maketimefor Reachoutto AvoidcausingDevelopBetterRelationshipswithGoodneighborsarealotlikeelectricityorrunningwater：wedon’tknowhowmuchwedependonthemuntilwedon’thavethem.Theymakeourlivesmorepleasantandgiveusasenseofwhowewrte,bothasanindividualandasamemberofthecommunity.Here‘showtodevelopyourrelationshipswiththeseveryimportantpeopleinyourlife. Oftenneighborsdon’tevenknoweachother’snames.Butit’sokaytobetheonetobreaktheice,evenifyou’velivednextdoorforyears.Mostneighborsenjoymakingsmalltalkwiththefolksontheothersideofthefence.Soasyouseethematworkintheiryards,s ,wave,andsayo.Askhowtheirkidsare(whetherthey’rebabiesorincollege),whethertheycoulduseanextracucumberfromyourgarden,orwhattheythinkofthepriceatthelocalsupermarket. Thesedays,theold eWagonisathingofthepast.Butyournewneighborsmaybefeelinglonelyandunsure,especiallyifthey’refarfromhome,andmightappreciateafriendlyfacebearingfresh-bakedchocolatecakes.Iftheyhavekids,lthemwherethechildrenintheneighborhoodlive. mendthebestcestoeatandsleep.Invitethemoverforcoffeeorteawhentheygetsettled,givethemyournumber,andpointtoyourhouseasyousaygood-bye. Returnanythingthatyouborrowfromaneighbor,suchastools,ingoodrepairandassoonasyou’vefinishedwiththem.Receanythingthatbelongstoyourneighborthatyou,yourchildren,oryourpetsbreakorsoil.Makesurethatyourcarisnotblockingtheirdoorway.Suchrandomactsofconsiderationwillhaveyourneighborstalking—andthetalkwillbegood. Ifyouvalueafriendshipwithyourneighbors,spendtimewiththem.Whatbetterwaytomeetyourneighborsthantoinvitethemtoaninformalbarbecue,poolparty,orholidayhouse?Betteryet,youmightevenconsiderthrowingaget-togetherintheirhonor.Delivertheinvitationsin toeveryonewholivesonyourstreetandchatwitheachforfiveminutesbeforemovingontothenexthouse.Thisway,youwillgetanideaofwhatyourneighborsarelikesothatyoucannforappropriatefoodandmusic. Inagoodrelationship,it’sreallythelittlethingsthatcount.Helptobringinthemailfortheelderlyneighborwhenthereisaheavyrain.Whenyourneighborgorgetstotakeinhisrubbishcans,rollthembackintohisyard.Ifyou’retrulyconcerned,you’llknowwhenyourneighborneedssomecheeringup—abunchofflowersorahelhandwhenit’sneeded.Allittakestodevelopyourrelationshipwithneighborsistherespectfortheirfeelings.第三部分：写作（40分第一节：短文改错（10110分10处语言错误。请在有错误的地方增加、删除或修改某个单词。（∧Itwasver