2021年江阴市某中学高三英语下学期期中考试试题及答案解析

2021年江阴市陆桥中学高三英语下学期期中考试试题及答案解析

第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项

A

ItrulythoughtthatImightdiethatday.HadInotseenthreebearsandafewwolvesoverthelastcoupleof

daysneartheroad,Imighthavejustlaindownandcalleditquits.WhatintheworldwasIthinking,draggingmy

bikeuptoYellowstoneandthinkingIcouldridefromWestYellowstonetoOldFaithfulinthesnow?Noless!

Ihadplannedthistripformorethantwomonths,andIwasn'tabouttogiveupsoeasily.Thefirstfewmiles

werebeautiful.Tenmilesin,Istartedsuckingwind.Fifteenmilesandmylegsfeltliketheyweremadeoflead.By

twentymiles,mylungswereburningandfeltliketherewasnothingleftinthetank.ThatwaswhenIturned

aroundandsawmyhusbandandthreechildrencheeringmeoninthevanbehindme.IknewIcouldn'tquit

becauseItellmychildrenallthetimethatjustbecausesomethingisharddoesn'tmeanthatyoustopdoingit.I

hadtolivewhatI'dbeenpreaching(说教).Thatthoughtgotmeupthatmountainandtotheendoftheride.

Theimportanceofthatridewasapparentafteronlyaweek.Myeight-year-olddaughterEmaleewantedto

rideinatwelve-milecharityride.Thatdaywascoldaswell.Shewastheyoungestrider.Aboutfourmilesintothe

ride,shestartedfeelingcold.Thechill(寒冷)wasmakinghermusclescrampalittleandshebegantostruggle.By

sixmiles,shehadtearsrunningdownherface.Itbrokemyhearttoseehersufferinglikethat.Itoldherthatshe

didn'thavetofinish.Shesaidthatshewouldn'tquit.ItoldherhowIhadwantedtoquittheweekbefore,but

perseverancehadgottenmetotheendandIknewshecoulddoit,too.

Thelookonherfaceasshepulledintothefinishwaspriceless.Shethrewherarmsaroundmeandsaid,“You

didn'tquit,Mommy,soneitherdidI.”

1.Whatmotivatedtheauthortofinishherride?

A.Herfamily'sencouragement.

B.Herowninstructionforchildren.

C.Thebeautifulsceneryandweather.

D.Thecarefulandthoroughpreparation.

2.BydescribingtheconditionsEmaleemet,theauthorwantedto________.

A.showherguiltforherdaughter

B.provethatridingisatoughtask

C.persuadeherdaughtertogiveup

D.indicateshewasproudofEmalee

3.Whatdoestheauthorwanttotellusaccordingtothestory?

A.Neversaydie.

B.Donothingbyhalves.

C.Childrenarewhatthemothersare.

D.Everymother'schildishandsome.

B

It'sapopularbeliefthatafish'smemorylastsforonlysevenseconds.Itmayseemsadtothinkthatthey

don'trememberwhatthey'veeatenorwherethey’vebeen,andtheydon'tidentifyyouoranyoftheir

friends--everymomentintheirlifewouldbelikeseeingtheworldforthefirsttime.

Butdon'tbesoquicktofeelsorryforthem.Anewstudyhasfoundthatfishhaveamuchbettermemory

thanweusedtothink.Infact,certainspeciesoffishcanevenremembereventsfromaslongas12daysago.In

thestudy,researchersfromMacEwanUniversityinCanadatrainedakindoffishcalledAfricancichlidstogotoa

certainareaoftheirtanktogetfood.Theythenwaitedfor12daysbeforeputtingthembackinthetankagain.

Researchersusedcomputersoftwaretomonitorthefish’smovements.Theyfoundthataftersuchalongbreakthe

fishstillwenttothesameplacewheretheyfirstgotfood.Thissuggestedthattheycouldremembertheirpast

experiences.

Infact.scientistshadbeenthinkingforalongtimethatAfricancichlidsmighthaveagoodmemory.Anearlier

studyshowedthattheybehavedaggressively(挑衅地)infrontofcertainfish,perhapsbecausetheyremembered

theirpast"fights".Butuntilthelatestfindings,therewasnoclearevidence.

Justasagoodmemorycanmakeourliveseasier,italsoplaysanimportantpartwhenafishistryingto

surviveinthewild."Iffishareabletorememberthatacertainareacontainssafefood,theywillbeabletogoback

tothatareawithoutputtingtheirlivesatrisk,"leadresearcherTrevorHamiltontoldLiveScience.

Foralongtime,fishwereplacedfarbelowchimpanzees,dolphinsandmiceonthelistofsmartanimals.But

thisstudyhasgivenscientistsanewunderstandingoftheirintelligence.

4.Accordingtothetext,peoplecommonlybelievethat______.

A.fishdon'trecognizeanyoftheirfriends

B.afish'smemorylastsforonlysevenminutes

C.fishcanonlyrememberpartoftheirpastexperiences

D.fishcanrememberthingsthathappenedlongago

5.Howcanfishbenefitmostfromagoodmemory?

A.Theycanremembertheirenemiesandfight.

B.Theycanrememberwheretogetfoodandsurvive.

C.Theycanremembertheirfriendsandhelpeachother.

D.Theycanrememberwheretogowhenindanger.

6.Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?

A.OnlyAfricancichlidshaveagoodmemory.

B.Africancichlidscanrememberthingsfor12days.

C.Africancichlidsalwaystreatotherfishaggressively.

D.Africancichlidsdon'tbelongtothelistofsmartanimals.

7.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?

A.Whatwecanlearnfromfish.

B.Fishhavingaverybadmemory.

C.Howfishimprovetheirmemory.

D.Fishbeingsmarterthanwethought.

C

AttheWorldEconomicForumlastmonth,PresidentTrumpdrewclapswhenheannouncedtheUnitedStates

wouldrespondtotheforum'sproposaltoplantonetrillion(万亿)treestofightclimatechange.Thetrillion-tree

ideawonwideattentionlastsummerafterastudypublishedinthejournalScienceconcludedthatplantingso

manytreeswas“themosteffectiveclimatechangesolutiontodate”.

Ifonlyitweretrue.Butitisn't.Plantingtreeswouldslowdowntheplanet'swarming,buttheonlythingthat

willsaveusandfuturegenerationsfrompayingahugepriceindollars,livesanddamagetonatureisrapidand

considerablereductionsincarbonreleasefromfossilfuels,tonetzeroby2050.

Focusingontreesasthebigsolutiontoclimatechangeisadangerousdiversion(偏离).Worsestill,ittakes

attentionawayfromthoseresponsibleforthecarbonreleasethatarepushingustowarddisaster.Forexample,in

theNetherlands,youcanpayShellanadditional1eurocentforeachliterofregulargasolineyouputinyourtank,

toplanttreestobalancethecarbonreleasefromyourdriving.That'sclearlynomorethandisasterslightlydelayed.

Theonlywaytostopthisplanetfromoverheatingisthroughpolitical,economic,technologicalandsocialsolutions

thatendtheuseoffossilfuels.

Thereisnowaythatplantingtrees,evenacrossaglobalareathesizeoftheUnitedStates,canabsorbthe

hugeamountsoffossilcarbonreleasedfromindustrialsocieties.Treesdotakeupcarbonfromtheatmosphereas

theygrow.Butthisuptakemerelyreplacescarbonlostwhenforestswereclearedinthefirstplace,usuallylong

ago.Regrowingforestswheretheyoncegrewcanundosomedamagedoneinthepast,butevenatrilliontrees

can'tstoreenoughcarbontoheadoffdramaticclimatechangesthiscentury.

Inasharpcounterargumenttolastsummer'sPaperinScience,JustinGilliswroteinthesamejournalin

Octoberthatthestudy'sfindingswereinconsistentwiththedynamicsoftheglobalcarboncycle.Hewarnedthat

“theclaimthatglobaltreerestoration(复原)isourmosteffectiveclimatesolutionissimplyscientificallyincorrect

anddangerouslymisleading”.

8.Whatdoweknowaboutthetrillion-treeidea?

A.Itwaspublishedinajournal.

B.Itwasproposedlastsummer.

C.ItwasputforwardbyTrump.

D.Itdrewlotsofpublicattention.

9.Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?

A.Adrawbackofthetreeplantingstrategy.

B.Anexampleofbalancingcarbonrelease.

C.AnanecdoteofmakingapurchaseatShell.

D.Aresponsibilityforpoliticiansandeconomists.

10.WhatwasJustinGillis'sattitudetowardsglobaltreerestoration?

A.Indifferent.B.Opposed.

C.Hesitant.D.Supportive.

11.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?

A.ContradictoryIdeasonTreePlanting.

B.ATrillionTreesCometotheRescue.

C.PlantingTreesWon'tSavetheWorld.

D.TheBestSolutiontoClimateChange.

D

IwascheckingoutatthesupermarketcounteronWednesdaynight,readytopayformybananas,whenallof

asudden,fearcameuponme.Mywalletwasgone.AndIcouldonlyhaveleftitoneplace:theG9bus,fromwhich

Ihadgottenoffminutesearlierandwhichwasnowspeedingtosomestops.Themomentofrealizingitwasgone

wasfollowedbymentalmath.Howmuchtimeandmoneywoulditcosttoreplacethecreditcards,thedriver's

license,theexpensivelipstick($55!).

TwohoursafterIwasbackatmyhouse,Iheardaknockonthedoor.MyhusbandansweredwhileIsatinthe

diningroomonthephonewithacreditcardcompany."DoesJenniferlivehere?"Iheardsomeonesay.Inherhand

wasmywallet,withoutapennymissing.SheleftbeforeIcouldoffermygratitudetoher.

AfterIpostedthestory,Iheardfromherboyfriend,whoidentifiedthegoodcitizenasErinBall,a26-year-old

girlworkingforatradeorganization.

OnceIfiguredouther,Icalledtothankher.Shesaidshespottedmywalletandthoughtthatit'smore

dangeroustogotoastranger'shousethanleavingthewalletwiththedriver,butshestilldecidedtotakethe

chance."IfIwereinthatsituation,Iwouldwantsomeonetotrytofindme,"shesaid.Balldoesn'tfindheractions

particularlyexcellent.Sheadded,"It'snothardtodosmallthingsforpeople."

AfterBallfoundmywallet,shedecidedtopostapictureofmydriver'slicenseonlinebeforegoingtomy

house,tryingtoseeifanyoneknewme.NosoonerhadsheleftmydoorstepthanIgotemailsfromtwoneighbors

whorecognizedmyface,bothofferingtohelpmefindmymissingproperty.

Ballfoundmyhouseonabitterlycoldnight,forwhichIwasextremelygrateful.Lookingback,I'mnot

surprisedsomeonehadwantedtohelpastranger.Awarmcurrentofhonestyandharmonyisrunningthroughthis

town.

12.Whatdoweknowabouttheauthoraccordingtoparagraph1?

A.ShemissedtheG9bus.

B.Shepaidforherbananas.

C.Shereplacedthecreditcards.

D.Shefoundshehadleftherwalletonthebus.

13.WhohelpedtheauthorfindBall?

A.TheG9driver.

B.Thegirl'sboyfriend.

C.Theauthor'sneighbors.

D.Theauthor'shusband.

14.WhatdidBalldofirstafterfindingthewallet?

A.Ballcalledtheauthor.

B.Ballwenttotheauthor'shouse.

C.Ballgavethewallettothebusdriver.

D.Ballpostedaphotooftheauthor'sdrivinglicense.

15.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesErinBall?

A.Humorousandkind.

B.Generousanddemanding.

C.Honestandwarm-hearted.

D.Caringandoutgoing.

第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项

Livinginaculturethatisdifferentfromyourowncanbebothanexcitingandchallenging

experience.____16____.ThefollowingarefivemajorculturaldifferencesbetweenChinaandtheUStohelppromote

mutualunderstanding.

Privacy

ChinesepeopledonothavethesameconceptofprivacyasAmericansdo.Theytalkabouttopicssuchasages,

incomeormaritalstatus,whichAmericansthinkisannoyingandintrusive(侵扰的).

Family

InChina,eldersaretraditionallytreatedwithgreatrespectwhiletheyoungarecherishedandnurtured.

InAmerica,thegoalofthefamilyistoencourageindependence,particularlythatofthechildren.____17____.

Friends

Chinesepeoplehavedifferentmeaningstodefinefriends.____18____.Friendshipmeanslifelongfriendswho

feelitdeeplyobligatedtogiveeachotherwhateverhelpmightseemrequired.Americansalwayscallpeoplethey

meetfriends,sothedefinitionoffriendsisgeneralanddifferent.Thereareworkfriends,playingfriends,school

friendsanddrinkingfriends.

Money

Asisknowntoall,theChineseliketosave.Chinesearealwaysconservativewhentheyareplanningtospend

money.____19____,wherefarfewerfamiliesaresavingmoneyforemergenciesandeducationthantheirChinese

counterparts.

TeamVSIndividual

BasicallyChinavaluesthecommunityandtheUSvaluestheindividual.____20____,it'sbecauseyouweregreat.

WhileinChina,ifyouachievesomethingit'sbecausetheteam,orfamily,orcompanyisgreat.Everythingyoudo

getsattributedtothegreaterwhole,whileinAmericaindividualmerits(功绩)arecelebrated.

A.You'rewelcomeIoleaveyourcomments

B.ItisdifferentintheUSA

C.Justhangingouttogethertimetotimeisnotfriendship

D.Ifwecanacceptthedifferences,wewillmaketheresultperfect

E.IfyouachievesomethingintheUSA

F.UnliketheChinese,olderAmericansseldomlivewiththeirchildren

G.Youhavetolearndifferentculturalpracticesandtrytoadapttothem

第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）

第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项

Eachofusstrugglesforself-respectandself-worthtosomedegree.Ispentmuchtimetryingtoachieve

perfectionineveryaspectofmylife.

Iwasahappykidwithalotoffriendsandasupportivefamily.Butgrowingupwasreally___21___andeven

scarysometimes.

Duringmychildhood,Iwasconstantlyinvolvedinsomethingthatincludedpeople'sviewsaboutmy

achievementsormy___22___.Iwantedeveryone'spraiseandacceptance,butIwasmyowntoughestcritic(挑剔

的人).

AfterIgraduatedfromhighschool,my___23___tobe"thin"begantotroubleme.Ibegantryingtodiet

by___24___myfood.

Inthebeginning,Ifeltgreat—attractiveandsuccessful,almostsuperhuman.IeventhoughtthatIwasbetter

thaneveryoneelse.WhatIdidn'tseewasthatIwasslowly___25___myself.

Peoplearoundmebeganto___26___myweightloss.Theysaidwithconcern."You'relosingtoomuch

weight.""Elisa,you'resothin."AlltheirwordsonlysuggestedthatIwasgettingcloserto"___27___".

Sadly,Itookmyphysical___28___asthefirstimportantthinginmylife,___29___thatitwasthewayto

becomesuccessfulandaccepted.

ThenIcutdownonmy___30___moreandmore,untila___31___dayconsistedofhalfateaspoonofnonfat

yogurtinthemorningandacupofgrapejuiceatnight.

Butmypoor___32___begantocausemetolose___33___.Thenonenight,likemanynightsbefore,Icouldn't

sleep,andfeltasthoughmyheartmightbeatoutofmychest.Itriedto___34___,butIcouldn’t.Thebeating

becamesorapidandsostrongthatIcouldnolonger___35___.WhatIhaddonetodietnearlycausedmetohave

aheartattack.Istoodup,andimmediatelyfelldown.Iwasreally___36___,andIknewIneededhelp.My

roommaterushedmetothe___37___,andthenIbeganthelongroadtomy___38___.Ittookalot—doctors,

nurses,nutritionists,foodsupplements...

Andmoreimportantly,asenseofwhatwastrueaboutmyselfgotmylifebackontrackwithreality.Irealized

that,withmy___39___oftryingtobe"perfect"onthe___40___,IhadsacrificedwhoIwasontheinside.WhatI

knownowis,weare—eachandeveryoneofus—alreadyperfect.

21.A.naturalB.easyC.hardD.rapid

22.A.performancesB.backgroundsC.scoresD.failures

23.A.problemB.desireC.wayD.promise

24.A.controllingB.checkingC.collectingD.balancing

25.A.killingB.forgettingC.askingD.questioning

26.A.helpB.acceptC.rejectD.notice

27.A.perfectionB.devotionC.ambitionD.attention

28.A.strengthB.exerciseC.appearanceD.examination

29.A.believingB.realizingC.pretendingD.declaring

30.A.expenseB.movementC.foodD.travel

31.A.pleasantB.difficultC.typicalD.different

32.A.memoryB.nutritionC.knowledgeD.taste

33.A.weightB.hopeC.sleepD.heart

34.A.relaxB.walkC.cryD.talk

35.A.breatheB.resistC.wakeD.remember

36.A.scaredB.annoyedC.discouragedD.disappointed

37.A.bedB.hospitalC.schoolD.office

38.A.gloryB.discoveryC.recoveryD.victory

39.A.skillB.decisionC.experienceD.deal

40.A.wholeB.faceC.mindD.outside

第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式

WeChat,China’s___41.___(popular)messagingandmobilepaymentappofall,addednewemojis(表情符号)

___42.___itsexistingonNovember18.Amongthesenewemojis,“broken”i.e.liekaior"split-off”isstraightfrom

Chineseonlineslang,___43.___couldbeusedtosignalfrustration.

Thenewemojishavebecomea___44.___(heat)topiconChinesemicrobloggingplatformWeibo,causing

discussionsaboutmeaningsbehindthesedifferentfaces.Somenetizensthinkthenewemojisareaperfect

___45.___(explain)ofalaborer'sday,___46.___somehopeWeChatcancontinuetointroducenewemojis,such

asasplitdog.

As___47.___numberofthosebornafter1995increasesonline,generationZhasputnewenergyintothe

Internet.Theydowellinonlinelanguage,___48.___(prefer)touseemojistoexpresstheiremotionsandcreating

newdefinitionsfor___49.___.Sofarlearningthenewmeaningofemojis___50.___(become)“compulsory

course"fortheoldergenerations.

第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）

第一节短文改错（满分10分）

51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改句子，请你修改你同桌写的以下句子。每个句子都有一处错误，

错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(Λ)，并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：每处错误及其修改均仅限一词

ThisisanareatowhichIhavebeenfamiliarsincechildhood.

Weinvitedhertodinnerbutshehasn’tbeenturnedup.

SheistheteacherfromwhoIborrowedthisdictionary.

Theywrotealetterandmadeapologytotheirneighborsfortheirnoise.

Honestspeaking,Idon’tlikethewayhedoesthings.

Alotofpeopleattachgreatimportancetobecomerichandfamous.

WangPengsatinhisemptyrestaurantfeltveryfrustrated.

AsfarasIknow,theyoungmanishardtogetalong.

Theweathercouldn’tbebad,sowewillputoffthepicnic.

Hiscomputerwon’tstart,sohemusthaveitrepair.

第二节书面表达（满分25分）

52.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

My10-year-olddaughterandIweredrivingfromLosAngelestoDallas.Wewererunninglowongas

somewhereinNewMexicoandfiguredwe’dseeagasstationsoonenoughtofillup.

Butthatdidn’thappenandwerealizedwewerenotgoingtomakeittothenexttown.Somydaughtermade

upasignthatread“Lowongas.Canuhelp?”andhelditoutsideherwindowinthehopethatadriverinthenext

lanewouldnoticeitandstop.

Thereweren’ttoomanyvehiclespassingusatthetime.Itwa