gmat阅读套路1新旧对比型下

【霞姐GMAT1：新旧对比型（下2016-03-17霞姐““1Untilrecently,scientistsdidnotknowofaclosevertebrate oguetotheextremeformofaltruismobservedineusocialinsectslikeantsandbees,wherebyindividualscooperate,sometimesevensacrificingtheirownopportunitiestosurviveandreproduce,forthegoodofothers.However,suchavertebratesocietymayexistamongundergroundcoloniesofthehighlysocialrodentHeterocephalusglaber,thenakedmolerat.Anakedmoleratcolony,likeabeehive,wasp’snest,ortermitemound,isruledbyitsqueen,orreproducingfemale.Otheradultfemalemoleratsneitherovulatenorbreed.Thequeenisthelargestmemberofthecolony,andshemaintainsherbreedingstatusthroughamixtureofbehavioraland,presumablychemicalcontrol.Queenshavebeenlong-livedincaptivity,andwhentheydieorareremovedfromacolonyoneseesviolentfightingforbreedingstatusamongthelargerremainingfemales,leadingtoatakeoverbyanewqueen.Eusocialinsectsocietieshaverigidcastesystems,eachinsect’srolebeingdefinedbyitsbehavior,bodyshape,andphysiology.Innakedmoleratsocieties,ontheotherhand,differencesinbehaviorarerelatedprimarilytoreproductivestatus(reproductionbeinglimitedtothequeenandafewmales),bodysize,andperhapsage.Smallernonbreedingmembers,bothmaleandfemale,seemtoparticipateprimarilyingatheringfood,transportingnestmaterial,andtunneling.Largernonbreedersareactiveindefendingthecolonyandperhapsinremovingdirtfromthetunnels.Jarvis’sworkhassuggestedthatdifferencesingrowthratesmayinfluencethelengthoftimethatanindividualperformsatask,regardlessofitsage.Cooperativebreedinghasevolvedmanytimesinvertebrates,butunlikenakedmolerats,mostcooperativelybreedingvertebrates(exceptthewilddogLycaonpictus)aredominatedbyapairofbreedersratherthanbyasinglebreedingfemale.Thedivisionoflaborwithinsocialgroupsislesspronouncedamongothervertebratesthanamongnakedmolerats,colonysizeismuchsmaller,andmatingbysubordinatefemalesmaynotbetotallysuppressed,whereasinnakedmoleratcoloniessubordinatefemalesare uallyactive,andmanyneverbreed.11rat oguetoeusocialinsectssociety2234234ruledby第三段：阐述differencesinbehaviorsarerelated第四段：阐述对比121233Untilrecently,scientistsdidnotknowofaclosevertebrateoguetotheextremeformofaltruismobservedineusocialinsectslikeantsandbees,wherebyindividualscooperate,sometimesevensacrificingtheirownopportunitiestosurviveandreproduce,forthegoodofothers.However,suchavertebratesocietymayexistamongundergroundcoloniesofthehighlysocialrodentHeterocephalusglaber,thenakedmolerat.Anakedmoleratcolony,likeabeehive,wasp’snest,ortermitemound,isruledbyitsqueen,orreproducingfemale.Otheradultfemalemoleratsneitherovulatenorbreed.Thequeenisthelargestmemberofthecolony,andshemaintainsherbreedingstatusthroughamixtureofbehavioraland,presumablychemicalcontrol.Queenshavebeenlong-livedincaptivity,andwhentheydieorareremovedfromacolonyoneseesviolentfightingforbreedingstatusamongthelargerremainingfemales,leadingtoatakeoverbyanewqueen.Eusocialinsectsocietieshaverigidcastesystems,eachinsect’srolebeingdefinedbyitsbehavior,bodyshape,andphysiology.Innakedmoleratsocieties,ontheotherhand,differencesinbehaviorarerelatedprimarilytoreproductivestatus(reproductionbeinglimitedtothequeenandafewmales),bodysize,andperhapsage.Smallernonbreedingmembers,bothmaleandfemale,seemtoparticipateprimarilyingatheringfood,transportingnestmaterial,andtunneling.Largernonbreedersareactiveindefendingthecolonyandperhapsinremovingdirtfromthetunnels.Jarvis’sworkhassuggestedthatdifferencesingrowthratesmayinfluencethelengthoftimethatanindividualperformsatask,regardlessofitsage.Cooperativebreedinghasevolvedmanytimesinvertebrates,butunlikenakedmolerats,mostcooperativelybreedingvertebrates(exceptthewilddogLycaonpictus)aredominatedbyapairofbreedersratherthanbyasinglebreedingfemale.Thedivisionoflaborwithinsocialgroupsislesspronouncedamongothervertebratesthanamongnakedmolerats,colonysizeismuchsmaller,andmatingbysubordinatefemalesmaynotbetotallysuppressed,whereasinnakedmoleratcoloniessubordinatefemalesarenotuallyactive,andmanyneverbreed.4WhichWhichofthefollowingmost ystatesthemainideaoftheNakedmoleratcoloniesaretheonlyknownexamplesofcooperativelybreedingvertebratesocieties.NakedmoleratcoloniesexhibitsocialorganizationbasedonarigidcasteBehaviorinnakedmoleratcoloniesmaywellbeaclosevertebrate oguetobehaviorineusocialinsectsocieties.ThematinghabitsofnakedmoleratsdifferfromthoseofanyothervertebrateThebasisforthedivisionoflaboramongnakedmoleratsisthesameasthatamongeusocialinsects.1123本题的关键字themainidea，可见为主旨题，且主旨的对象是整个信息句即全文的主旨句，ratcoloniesisavertebrate（oguetotheextremeformofaltruismobservedineusocialinsectslikeantsandbees）society。A选项：cooperativelybreedingB选项：socialorganizationC选项：vertebratesocietyD选项：ThematinghabitsE选项：divisionoflabor对比主旨句，答案显然为52.2.ThepassagesuggeststhatJarvis’sworkhascalledintoquestionwhichofthefollowingex natoryvariablesfornakedmoleratbehavior?D．RateofgrowthE．Previouslyexhibited11当一看到Jarvis’swork时，你可能就慌乱了似乎在文章框架梳理里，我们nakedmoleratbehavior中的关6Eusocialinsectsocietieshaverigidcastesystems,eachinsect’srolebeingdefinedbyitsbehavior,bodyshape,andphysiology.Innakedmoleratsocieties,ontheotherhand,differencesinbehaviorarerelatedprimarilytoreproductivestatus(reproductionbeinglimitedtothequeenandafewmales),bodysize,andperhapsage.Smallernonbreedingmembers,bothmaleandfemale,seemtoparticipateprimarilyingatheringfood,transportingnestmaterial,andtunneling.Largernonbreedersareactiveindefendingthecolonyandperhapsinremovingdirtfromthetunnels.Jarvis’sworkhassuggestedthatdifferencesingrowthratesmayinfluencethelengthoftimethatanindividualperformsatask,regardlessofitsage.的细节Jarvis’swork你可以迅速锁定，这道题最后的信息句在第三段的最后Jarvis’sworkhassuggestedthatdifferencesingrowthratesmayinfluencethelengthoftimethatanindividualperformsatask,regardlessofitsage.regardlessofitsage，这道题的答案当然为B 哪里，例如本题的Jarvis’swork。7ItItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethattheperformanceoftasksinnakedmoleratcoloniesdiffersfromtaskperformanceineusocialinsectsocietiesinwhichofthefollowingways?Innakedmoleratcolonies,alltasksareperformedInnakedmoleratcolonies,theperformanceoftasksislessrigidlydeterminedbybodyshape.Innakedmoleratcolonies,breedingislimitedtothelargestIneusocialinsectsocieties,reproductionislimitedtoasingleIneusocialinsectsocieties,thedistributionoftasksisbasedonbody11的再仔细一些，你会发现，题干所探讨的，是performanceoftasks的differs，differs这一让你马上回归到了第三段differencesin822colonies和eusocialinsectsocieties。Eusocialinsectsocietieshaverigidcastesystems,eachinsect’srolebeingdefinedbyitsbehavior,bodyshape,andphysiology.Innakedmoleratsocieties,ontheotherhand,differencesinbehaviorarerelatedprimarilytoreproductivestatus(reproductionbeinglimitedtothequeenandafewmales),bodysize,andperhapsage.Smallernonbreedingmembers,bothmaleandfemale,seemtoparticipateprimarilyingatheringfood,transportingnestmaterial,andtunneling.Largernonbreedersareactiveindefendingthecolonyandperhapsinremovingdirtfromthetunnels.Jarvis’sworkhassuggestedthatdifferencesingrowthratesmayinfluencethelengthoftimethatanindividualperformsatask,regardlessofitsage.这时我们回想一下，当初我们在梳理文章框架时，是如何确定第三段的主旨的？是因为第三段出现了一个逻辑转折短语ontheotherhanddiference的地方恰恰在ontheotheran之后。Eusocialinsectsocietieshaverigidcastesystems,eachinsect’srolebeingdefinedbyitsbehavior,bodyshape,andphysiology.Innakedmoleratsocieties,ontheotherhand,differencesinbehaviorarerelatedprimarilytoreproductivestatus(reproductionbeinglimitedtothequeenandafewmales),bodysize,andperhapsage.Eusocialbehaviorbodyshape,limited），bodysize,perhapsage933B选项：rat，lessdeterminedbybodyshape.less，而bodyC选项：rat，breedingislimited了breeding和reproducing，错误。D选项：eusocial，reproductionislimited，应该是rat的特征，李戴E选项：eusocial，bodysize，同样是李戴AccordingAccordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisasuppositionratherthanafactconcerningthequeeninanakedmoleratcolony?SheisthelargestmemberoftheSheexertschemicalcontrolovertheShemateswithmorethanoneSheattainsherstatusthroughSheistheonlybreeding11根据题干发现本题讨论的关键字是thequeeninanakedmoleratasuppositionatherthanafact，因此你要在Anakedmoleratcolony,likeabeehive,wasp’snest,ortermitemound,isruledbyitsqueen,orreproducingfemale.Otheradultfemalemoleratsneitherovulatenorbreed.Thequeenisthelargestmemberofthecolony,andshemaintainsherbreedingstatusthroughamixtureofbehavioraland,presumablychemicalcontrol.Queenshavebeenlong-livedincaptivity,andwhentheydieorareremovedfromacolonyoneseesviolentfightingforbreedingstatusamongthelargerremainingfemales,leadingtoatakeoverbyanewqueen.shemaintainsherbreedingstatusthroughamixtureofbehavioraland,presumablychemicalcontrol。系起来，当你锁定了信息句后，选择正确答案B．Sheexertschemicalcontroloverthecolony.基本是不用思考的过程。TheThepassagesupportswhichofthefollowinginferencesaboutbreedingamongLycaonpictus?Thelargestfemaleinthesocialgroupdoesnotmaintainreproductivestatusbymeansofbehavioralcontrol.Anindividual’sabilitytobreedisrelatedprimarilytoitsrateofBreedingistheonlytaskperformedbythebreedingBreedinginthesocialgroupisnotBreedingisnotdominatedbyasinglepairof112Cooperativebreedinghasevolvedmanytimesinvertebrates,butunlikenakedmolerats,mostcooperativelybreedingvertebrates(exceptthewilddog,Lycaonpictus)aredominatedbyapairofbreedersratherthanbyasinglebreedingfemale.Thedivisionoflaborwithinsocialgroupsislesspronouncedamongothervertebratesthanamongnakedmolerats,colonysizeismuchsmaller,andmatingbysubordinatefemalesmaynotbetotallysuppressed,whereasinnakedmoleratcoloniessubordinatefemalesarenot uallyactive,andmanyneverbreed.unlikenakedmolerats,mostcooperativelybreedingvertebrates(exceptthewilddog,Lycaonpictus)aredominatedbyapairofbreedersratherthanbyasinglebreedingfemale.Lycaonpictusarenotdominatedbyapairof3dominatedbyasinglepairofdogs.3AccordingAccordingtothepassage,nakedmoleratcoloniesmaydifferfromallotherknownvertebrategroupsinwhichofthefollowingways?NakedmoleratsexhibitanextremeformofNakedmoleratsarecooperativeAmongnakedmolerats,manymalesarepermittedtobreedwithasingledominantfemale.Amongnakedmolerats,differenttasksareperformedatdifferenttimesinindividual’sAmongnakedmolerats,fightingresultsintheselectionofabreeding根据题干关键字进行信息定位，这道题想对比ratotherknownvertebrate是“新观点”，而“oth