英语句子成分练习题及答案

Unit4problemsandadvice一、

典型例题：

写出句子成分。1.

Lily

is

cleaning

the

desk

now.

2.

Her

garden

is

the

best

in

our

town.3.

Liu

Ming

is

thirteen

years

old.

4.

I

like

this

book

very

much.7.

Wang

Ping

does

his

homework

carefully.

8.

We

will

go

to

the

Children’s

Palace

once

a

week.

9.

They

are

in

the

classroom.

10.

It

sounds

good.

11.

His

name

is

Paul.

12.

We

always

go

to

school

early.二、

课后练习(一)

挑出下列句中的宾语①

My

brother

doesn't

do

his

homework.

②

People

all

over

the

world

speak

English.③

You

must

pay

good

attention

to

your

pronunciation.

④

How

many

new

words

do

you

learn

?⑤

Some

of

the

students

in

the

school

want

to

go

swimming,

how

about

you?(二)

挑出下列句中的表语①

The

old

man

is

feeling

very

tired.

②

Why

is

he

worried

about

Jim?

③

The

leaves

have

turned

yellow.(三)

挑出下列句中的定语①

They

use

Mr.

Mrs.

with

the

family

name.

②

What

is

your

given

name?③

On

the

third

lap

are

Class

1

and

Class

3.

④

I

am

afraid

some

people

forgot

to

sweep

the

floor.⑤

The

man

downstairs

was

trying

to

slee（四)

挑出下列句中的宾语补足语①

She

likes

the

children

to

read

newspapers

and

books

in

the

reading-room.②

He

asks

her

to

take

the

boy

out

of

school.

③

She

find

it

difficult

to

do

the

work.④

They

call

me

Lily

sometimes.

⑤

I

saw

Mr.

Wang

get

on

the

bus.(五)

挑出下列句中的状语①

There

is

a

big

smile

on

her

face.

②

Every

night

he

heard

the

noise

upstairs.③

He

began

to

learn

English

when

he

was

eleven④

The

man

on

the

motorbike

is

travelling

to

fast.⑤

With

the

medicine

box

under

her

arm,

Miss

Li

hurried

off.(六)

划出句中的直接宾语(

)和间接宾语（

）①

Please

tell

us

a

story.

②

My

father

bought

a

new

bike

for

me

last

week.③

Mr.

Li

is

going

to

teach

us

history

next

term.④

Here

is

a

pen.

Give

it

to

Tom.

⑤

Does

he

leave

any

message

for

me?划分句子成分练习题一、画出下列句子的成分1.They

are

working

on

the

farm

now.

2.Seeing

is

believing3.All

of

us

like

Kobe

Bryant

very

much4.She

became

a

doctor

in

19985.The

book

lying

on

the

floor

are

mine

6.Suddenly

it

begins

to

rain7.To

catch

the

train

,I

got

up

early

yesterday

8.I

always

find

her

happy9.He

wonders

If

I

still

study

English10.The

letter

which

I

received

the

day

before

yesterday

was

a

friend

of

mine13.They

love

each

other.

14.What

did

you

bye?15.She

watched

her

daughter

playing

the

piano.

16.your

job

today

is

to

help

the

old.17.Speaking

doesn't

mean

doing.

18.Bye

the

time

I

got

to

the

station,the

train

had

left.19.The

children

bought

their

parents

a

car

for

the

25th

anniversary

of

their

marriage.20.It

takes

me

an

hour

to

get

there.21.The

teacher

with

two

of

his

students

is

walking

into

the

classroom.24.To

do

today's

homework

without

the

teacher's

help

is

very

difficult.二、选出下列句子中的谓语中心词①

I

don't

like

the

picture

on

the

wall.

A.

don't

B.

like

C.

picture

D.

wall③

Do

you

usually

go

to

school

by

bus?

A.Do

B.

usually

C.

go

D.

bus④

There

will

be

a

meeting

at

the

library

this

afternoon.

A.

will

be

B.

meeting

C.

the

library

D.

afternoon⑤

Did

the

twins

have

porridge

for

their

breakfast?

A.

Did

B.

twins

C.

have

D.

breakfast⑥

Tom

didn't

do

his

homework

yesterday.

A.

Tom

B.

didn't

C.

do

D.

his

homework⑦

What

I

want

to

tell

you

is

this.

A.

want

B.

to

tell

C.

you

D.

is⑧

We

had

better

send

for

a

doctor.

A.

We

B.

had

C.

send

D.

doctor⑨

He

is

interested

in

music.

A.

is

B.

interested

C.

in

D.

music⑩

Whom

did

you

give

my

book

to?

A.

give

B.

did

C.

whom

D.

book三、挑出下列句中的宾语①

My

brother

hasn't

done

his

homework.

②

People

all

over

the

world

speak

English.③

You

must

pay

good

attention

to

your

pronunciation.

④

How

many

new

words

did

you

learn

last

class?⑤

Some

of

the

students

in

the

school

want

to

go

swimming,

how

about

you?⑥

The

old

man

sitting

at

the

gate

said

he

was

ill.

⑦

They

made

him

monitor

of

the

class.四、

挑出下列句中的表语①

The

old

man

was

feeling

very

tired.

②

Why

is

he

worried

about

Jim?③

The

leaves

have

turned

yellow.

④

Soon

They

all

became

interested

in

the

subject.⑤

She

was

the

first

to

learn

about

it.五、挑出下列句中的定语①

They

use

Mr.

Mrs.

with

the

family

name.

②

What

is

your

given

name?③

On

the

third

lap

are

Class

1

and

Class

3.

④

I

am

afraid

some

people

forgot

to

sweep

the

floor.⑤

The

man

downstairs

was

trying

to

sleep.

⑥

I

am

waiting

for

the

sound

of

the

other

shoe!六、挑出下列句中的宾语补足语(6分，6分钟)①Shelikesthechildrentoreadnewspapersandbooksinthereading-room.②Heaskedhertotaketheboyoutofschool.③Shefounditdifficulttodothework.④TheycallmeLilysometimes.⑤IsawMr.Wanggetonthebus.⑥DidyouseeLiMingplayingfootballontheplaygroundjustnow?七、挑出下列句中的状语①

There

was

a

big

smile

on

her

face.

②

Every

night

he

heard

the

noise

upstairs.③

He

began

to

learn

English

when

he

was

eleven.④

The

man

on

the

motorbike

was

travelling

to

fast.⑤

With

the

medicine

box

under

her

arm,

Miss

Li

hurried

off.⑥

She

loves

the

library

because

she

loves

books.八、划出句中的直接宾语和间接宾语①

Please

tell

us

a

story.

②

My

father

bought

a

new

bike

for

me

last

week.③

Mr.

Li

is

going

to

teach

us

history

next

term.

④

Here

is

a

pen.

Give

it

to

Tom.⑤

Did

he

leave

any

message

for

me?⑥Shelovesthelibrarybecauseshelovesbooks.⑦Iamafraidthatifyou'velostit,youmustpayforit.⑧ThestudentsfollowedUncleWangtoseetheothermachine.答案3(一)①teacher②man③dictionary④Todo(二)①B②A③C④A⑤C⑥C⑦D⑧C⑨A⑩A(三)①D②D③B④A⑤B⑥D⑦C⑧D⑨A⑩D(四)①D②B③D④C⑤B(五)①C②C③A④B⑤B⑥D(六)①C②C③C④C⑤D⑥B(七)①D②A③D④D⑤A⑥D⑦C⑧D(八)①us,间接宾语astory,直接宾语②me,间接宾语anewbike,直接宾语③us,间接宾语history,直接宾语④Tom,间接宾语it,直接宾语⑤me,间接宾语message,直接宾语答案2：1They(主语）

are

working（系表结构做谓语）

on

the

farm（地点状语）

now（时间状语）.

2.Seeing（动词ing做主语）is（谓语）

believing

（宾语）3.All

of

us（主语）

like

（谓语）Kobe

Bryant

（宾语）very

much

（程度副词状语）

4.She（主语）

became（谓语）

a

doctor

（宾语）in

1998

（时间状语）

5.The

book（主语）

lying

on

the

floor（补语）

are（谓语）

mine

（宾语）

6.Suddenly

（状语）it（形式主语）

began

to

rain

（谓语）7.To

catch

the

train

,（目的状语）I（主语）

got

up

（谓语）early

yesterday

（时间状语）

8.I（主语）

always

find（谓语）

her

（宾语）happy

（状语）9.He

（主语）wonders

（谓语）if

I

（条件句中的主语）still

study（条件句中的谓语）

English

（条件句中的宾语）整个条件句做主干的宾语10.The

letter（主语）

which

I

received

the

day

before

yesterday（定语从句）

was（谓语）

a

friend

of

mine

（宾语）

1.We

always

work

hard

at

English。

——

——

——

——

——————

主语

状语

谓语

状语

状语——

——

——————

主

谓语

宾语4.What

did

you

bye?

——

——

——

——

宾

助动词

主

谓5.She

watched

her

daughter

playing

the

piano.

——

————

——————

—————————

主

谓

宾

宾语补足语

6.your

job

today

is

to

help

the

old.

————

——-

——

————————

主

定语

系动词

表语

7.Speaking

doesn't

mean

doing.

————

——————

——

主

谓

宾8.Bye

the

time

I

got

to

the

station,the

train

had

left.————————————————

—————

————

时间状语从句

主句主语

主句谓语

9.The

children

bought

their

parents

a

car

for

the

25th

anniversary

of——————

———

——————

———

—————————————

主语

谓语

间接宾语

直接宾语

状语

their

marriage.————————10.It

takes

me

an

hour

to

get

there.——

———

—————

——————

形式主语

谓语

宾语

真正主语典型例题答案一.写出划线部分的句子成分。

1.

主，谓，宾，状

2.

定，状

3.

表4.

谓，宾，状

5.

定，定

6.

谓，状

7.

谓，宾，状

8.

谓，状

9.

表10.

表

11.

定，表12.

状，状课后练习(三)

①

D

②

D

③

B

④

A

⑤

B

(四)

①D

②B

③D

④C

⑤B

(五)

①

C

②

C

③

A

④

B

⑤

B

(六)

①

C

②

C

③

C

④

C

⑤

D(七)

①

D

②

A

③

D

④

D

⑤

A

(八)

①

us,

间接宾语

a

story,

直接宾语

②

me,

间接宾语

a

new

bike,

直接宾语

③

us,

间接宾语

history,

直接宾语

④

Tom,

间接宾语

it,

直接宾语

⑤

me,

间接宾语

message,

直接宾语一、

考点、热点回顾【句子的成分】

在英文中句子成分包括：主语、谓语、宾语（直接宾语、间接宾语）、表语、定语和状语、宾语补足语等。（一）主语：主语是谓语讲述的对象，表示所说的“是什么”或“是谁”。一般由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词或短语来充当。它在句首。如：（1）Lucy

is

a

beautiful

nurse.

（名词作主语）（2）He

reads

newspapers

every

day.

（代词作主语）（3）Smoking

is

harmful

to

the

health.

（动名词作主语）（4）To

swim

in

Kunming

Lake

is

a

great

pleasure.（不定式作主语）（5）What

we

should

do

is

not

yet

decided.

（主语从句作主语）（二）谓语：说明主语“做什么”“是什么”或“怎么样”。谓语（谓语部分里主要的词）必须是动词。谓语和主语在人称和数两方面必须一致。它在主语后面。

如：（1）His

parents

are

teachers.

（系动词和表语一起作谓语）（2）We

study

hard.

（行为动词作谓语）（3）We

don’t

finish

reading

the

book.

（助动词和行为动词一起作谓语）（4）He

can

speak

English.

（情态动词和行为动词一起作谓语）（三）宾语

：宾语是动作、行为的对象，由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词、短语来担任，它和及物动词一起说明主语做什么。一般放在谓语之后。

如：（1）She

is

doing

her

homework

now.（名词作宾语）（2）She

says（that）she

is

ill.（宾语从句作动词宾语）（3）We

often

help

him.（代词作宾语）（4）He

likes

to

play

basketball.（不定式作宾语）（5）We

enjoy

listening

to

the

music.

我们喜欢听音乐。（动名词短语作宾语）说明1：宾语是及物动词涉及到的人或物，宾语一般放在及物动词之后。介词后面的名词或代词或动名词，称为介词宾语。名词、代词、数词常在句中做动词宾语或介词宾语。另外，动词不定式可作动词宾语；动名词和宾语从句也可用作动词宾语。

说明2：及物动词作谓语时，后面要跟宾语。宾语分直接宾语和间接宾语。直接宾语是及物动词的直接对象，直接宾语指物，间接宾语通常是及物动词的动作所及的人，间接宾语指人。间接宾语一般放在直接宾语之前。

不是所有的及物动词都可以用双宾语。有的动词可以跟。如：（1）give,

show（给„„看），bring,

pass,

buy等。Eg：Our

teacher

tells

us

a

story.

；The

sun

gives

us

light.间接宾语如果放在直接宾语之后，在表示“人”的间接宾语之前会出现介词“to”或“for”。

间接宾语前加“to”的有：give,

show,

send,

bring,

read,

pass,

lend,

leave,

hand,

tell,

return,

write,

throw,

promise（答应）,

refuse（拒绝）等。间接宾语加“for”的有：

make,

buy,

do,

get,

play,

order（命令）,

sing,

pay等（1）I

give

him

a

book.

改成：（2）He

passes

me

the

book.

改成：（3）He

writes

me

a

letter.

改成：（4）He

will

buy

me

some

books.

改成：（5）She

is

making

me

a

cake.

改成：（四）宾语补足语在宾语后面补充说明宾语的动作、状态、特征的成分，称为宾语补足语。名词、形容词、副词、介词短语以及动词不定式、分词等可用作宾语补足语。宾语和宾语补足语称为复合宾语。如：（1）They

make

her

happy.（形容词）

（2）I

see

her

dance.（不定式）（3）We’ll

help

you

to

make

the

Olympics

a

success.（名词）

（4）Please

let

him

in.（副词）（5）We

heard

her

singing

a

song.（分词短语）（五）表语：表语说明主语“是什么”或者“怎么样”，由名词、形容词、副词、介词、不定式及相当于名词或形容词或短语来担任。它的位置在系动词后面。如：（1）I

am

a

teacher.（名词）（2）He

is

always

happy.（形容词）（3）They

are

on

the

playground

now.（介词短语）（4）It

gets

cold.（形容词）

（5）Be动词（am，is，are,

was,

were）（六）定语

：定语是用来修饰名词或代词的。形容词、代词、数词、名词、介词短语、不等式或相当于形容词的词或短语等。

单个词作定语时，通常放在它所修饰的名词之前。如：（1）The

black

bike

is

mine.（形容词）

（2）What’s

your

name?（代词）

（3）They

make

paper

flowers.（名词）说明1：当定语修饰不定代词：nothing,

anything,

everything,

something等时，定语在不定代词后面。如：I

tell

him

something

interesting.

（形容词interesting作不定代词something的后置定