Unit 4 第2课时 课文讲解及句型拓展【核心素养提升+备课精讲精研】 六年级英语下册 （牛津上海版）

StayingbehealthyEpisode2牛津上海版英语六年级第二学期Unit4CSingasongHelikessinging.Shelikesdancing.Welovemusic.Wereallylovemusic.Fun!Fun!Fun!Heenjoysrunning.Sheenjoysswimming.Welovesports.Wereallylovesports.Go!Go!Go!Weloveplaying.Wereallyloveplaying.Wewon’tforgetworking.Wereallyenjoyworking.Playandwork.Workandplay.Weloveboth.Weloveboth.CLookandmatchplayworkinoutbasketfoothomehouseclassballmatematedoorgroundplaygroundindooroutdoorbasketballhomeworkfootballclassmatehouseworkCLookandsayJack–playcardsS1:Whatdoes___likedoing?S2:He/Shelikes…S1:Isitanoutdooractivityoranindooractivity?S2:It’san___activity.Peter–makesnowcastlesTom-runAndy–dohouseworkSimon–dopuzzles3-1123C3-2S1:Whatdoes___likedoing?S2:He/Shelikes…S1:Isitanoutdooractivityoranindooractivity?S2:It’san___activity.Wilson–listentomusicPhilip–makemodelplanesAmy–swimEmily–drawpictures123C3-3S1:Whatdoes___likedoing?S2:He/Shelikes…S1:Isitanoutdooractivityoranindooractivity?S2:It’san___activity.Jolin–cookKitty–singMary–playvolleyballKate–haveabarbecueAngela–fish1232-1C12ReadandwriteBillyandAdahavedoneasurveyonactivities.Readtheirreportandfillintheblanks.Whatareyourfavouriteactivities?IndooractivitiesTwentystudentsenjoywatchingTVbest.Tenstudentsloveplayingcomputergames.Sixlikeplayingthepiano.Onlyfourlikereading.OutdooractivitiesTwenty-fivestudentsliketogoshoppingeveryweekend.TheirfavouriteplacesforshoppingareSandfield,DragonBayandEastEnd.Tenstudentsliketogocyclingontheweekendsandfiveliketohavebarbecues.2-2C12Whatareyourfavouriteactivities?Playingcomputergames10Playingthepiano6420Goingshopping25105INDOORACTIVITIESOUTDOORACTIVITIESReadingWatchingTVGoingcyclingHavingbarbecuesAsurveyCIngroups,findoutyourclassmates’favouriteindoorandoutdooractivities.S1:What’syourfavouriteindoor/outdooractivity?S2:Ilike…That’smyfavouriteindoor/outdooractivity.S3:Ilike…,too.S4:Idon’tlike…Ilike…That’smyfavouriteindoor/outdooractivity.122-1C2-212Writeyoursurveyresultsinthetablebelow.readingabookdoingpuzzlesathomeNo.ofstudentsIndooractivityswimmingplayingfootballNo.ofstudentsOutdooractivityWriteareportCLookatthesurveyforyourgroup.Writeareportaboutyourclassmates’favouriteindoor/outdooractivities._____studentslike___________________________._____studentslike___________________________.CDrawabarchart12345678910No.ofstudents++++++Indooractivities

Class

2-112C12345678910No.ofstudents++++++Outdooractivities

Class

2-212LookandsayCFourgirlsinourclasslikeplayingbasketball,butonlythreeboyslikeplayingbasketball.478223410GirlsBoysFavouritesportsinourclassCWriteareportThereare_____(howmany?)studentsinourclass.Thereare_____(howmany?)boysand_____girls._____girlslikeplayingbasketball,but…478223410GirlsBoysDailyexpressions.日常表达1.like/love/enjoydoing…喜欢做…e.

g.Manychildrenlike/love/enjoyflyingkitesonafineday.许多孩子喜欢在晴天放风筝。2.haveaheadache头痛“身体部位+ache”表示病痛。此处have意为“患病，得病”。e.

g.haveastomachache胃痛

havetoothache牙痛【知识拓展】其他对于身体不适的表达还有：haveacold感冒

haveafever发烧

3.practiseswimming练习游泳practisedoingsth.表示“练习做……”“训练……”的意思。e.g.Shepractisesplayingtheviolineverymorning.

她每天早上都练习拉小提琴。4.helpdothehousework帮忙做家务help(to)dosth.表示“帮忙做……”，有时可以改写为helpwithsth。e.

g.Sallyoftenhelpshermumdothehousework.=Sallyoftenhelpshermumwiththehousework.莎莉经常帮妈妈做家务。Ⅰ.ChoosetherightwordInthebracketstocompletethesentence.1.Ialways

.(havesorethroat/haveasorethroat).2.I'dliketo

(buy/sell)somebiscuitsformyson.3.

(Swim/Swimming)isakindofactivity.4.

Hehas(fewer/less)sheepthanyou,doesn'the?5.

(Both/Neither)ofmyparentsareteacher.【随堂小练】【Keys】1.haveasorethroat2.buy3.Swimming4.fewer5.BothChoosethewordorexpressionwhichisclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedpartineachsentence.A.wouldliketoB.sadC.withoutD.sendE.takehisadviceF.over( )1.Therearemorethanfiftystudentsinmyclass.( )2.QuYuanwasnothappyatthattime.( )3.Idon't'likericedumplingswithnomeat.( )4.Thenewkingdidn'tlistentohim.( )5.Iwanttohavesomepudding.( )6.IwillpostaChristmascardtomyfriend.【Keys】1.F2.B3.C4.E5.A6.DImportantSentencesstructures1.Helikessinging.【记忆链接】like/love/enjoydoingsth.喜欢做某事Heenjoysreadingbookswhenheisfree.当他空闲的时候他喜欢读书。【拓展】enjoyoneself=haveagoodtime=havefun过得愉快Ihopeyouenjoyyourselves.我希望你们玩得开心。2.Workandplay,weloveboth.【记忆链接】both

pron.意为“两者（都）……”，在本句中指的是学习和工作这两件事。Bothofthetwinslikedoingpuzzles.这对双胞胎都喜欢猜谜。【拓展】either要么...要么....(二者选其一)

neither两者都不Eitherofthetwinsgoestoschoolbybus.双胞胎中的其中一个坐公交去上学。Neitherofthetwinslikesswimming.这对双胞胎都不喜欢游泳。★注意：bothof+名词/代词+谓语动词，谓语动词用复数。Either/Neitherof+名词/代词+谓语动词，谓语动词用单数。3.Wewon’tforgetworking.【记忆链接】forgetdoingsth.忘记做过某事forgettodosth.忘记去做某事同类词组：continue/goondoingsth.继续做原来的事continue/goontodosth.继续做另一件事rememberdoingsth.记得做过某事remembertodosth.记得去做某事stopdoingsth.停止手中的事stoptodosth.停下来去做另一件事4.Howoftendoyouexercise?【记忆链接】exercisen.&v.锻炼，运动Takemoreexercisetostayhealthy.多做运动，以保持健康。（作名词）Youshouldexercisemore

ifyouwanttoloseweight.如果你想减肥，就应该多做运动。（作动词）【辨析】exercise

作“运动”解释时是不可数名词作“体操”和“练习”解释时是可数名词。【拓展】Howoften是对动作的频率进行提问，Howmanytimes是对动作的次数进行提问。Igoshoppingwithmymothertwiceaweek.对“twiceaweek”提问：Howoftendoyougoshoppingwithyourmother?对“twice”提问：Howmanytimesdoyougoshoppingwithyourmother?5.-WhatshouldIdo?-Youshouldwatchlesstelevision.【记忆链接】

★should表示劝告、建议、命令等，意为“应该”。Youshouldwashyourhandsfirst.

你应该先洗手。★less为little的比较级，通常与不可数名词连用。TodayWaterintheriverislessthanbefore.如今小河里的水比以前少。【随堂小练】1．Wilsonisagoodstudent.Healways__________veryhard.A．study B．studies C．studying D．studied【答案】B【详解】句意：威尔逊是个好学生。他总是学习很努力。考查时态。根据句中的“always”可知，句子应用现在时，主语是第三人称“He”，所以谓语动词用三单形式，故选B。2．Pleasekeep__________.Thegrandpaissleepingnow.A．quietly B．quite C．quiet【答案】C【详解】句意：请保持安静。爷爷正在睡觉。考查词汇辨析。quietly副词，表示“轻声地；轻柔地；安静地”；quite副词，表示“相当；完全”；quiet形容词，表示“安静的”。根据“Thegrandpaissleepingnow.”可知，此处表达保持安静。keep系动词，其后接形容词作表语。故选C。一、划线部分提问1．Davidoftengoestotheschoollibraryatfourthirty.(对划线部分提问)________Davidoftengototheschoollibrary?2．Myhouseismorethantenminutes’walkfromhere.(对划线部分提问)________________isyourhousefromhere?3．Thesupermarketisaboutfourkilometersfrommyhome.(对划线部分提问)________________isthesupermarketfromyourhome?4．Shedoesn’tliketigersbecausetheyaretooscary.(对划线部分提问)________________sheliketigers?5．Thesunisabout1,300,000timeslargerthantheEarth.(划线部分提问)________________________________theEarth________thanthesun?6．Aliceisreadingabookinthelibrary.(对划线部分提问)________Alice________inthelibrary?7．Stevehastofinishhomeworkbefore9:00p.m.everynight.（对划线部分提问）________Stevehavetodoeverynight?8．Itusuallytakesmetwohourstofinishmyhomework.(对画线部分提问）________doesitusuallytakeyoutofinishyourhomework?9．Tomisofmediumheight.（对画线部分提问）________doesTom________________?10．Ittookmetwodaystomakeapumpkinlantern.(对划线部分提问)________________________it________youtomakeapumpkinlantern?随堂练习一1．Whendoes【详解】句意：大卫经常在四点半去学校图书馆。划线部分“atfourthirty”表示时间，对其提问用when，句首首字母大写；原句时态为一般现在时，且含有实义动词“goes”，故改为一般疑问句要用助动词does，放在主语前，疑问词后。故填Whendoes。2．

How

far【详解】句意：我家离这里步行超过十分钟。根据划线部分“morethantenminutes’walk”可知，此处提问距离，应该用howfar“多远”进行提问，句首单词首字母大写。故填How；far。3．

How

far【详解】句意：超市离我家大约四公里。划线部分表示距离，所以应用howfar“多远”提问。故填How；far。4．

Why

doesn’t【详解】句意：她不喜欢老虎因为它们太吓人了。划线部分为原因状语从句，疑问句应用why来提问，句首首字母w需要大写，原句谓语的助动词doesn’t放在特殊疑问词后面，故填Why；doesn’t。5．

How

many

times

is

larger【详解】句意：太阳大约是地球的130万倍。划线部分是倍数，此处应询问“多少倍”，time“倍”是可数名词，疑问词用howmany，后加名词复数times；变疑问句时把is放主语之前，其他不变。故填How；many；times；is；larger。6．

What’s

doing【详解】句意：爱丽丝正在图书馆看书。根据划线部分“readingabook”可知，应该用what提问，句子是现在进行时，动词部分用doing，故填What’s；doing。7．Whatdoes【详解】句意：史蒂夫不得不在每天晚上九点前做完作业。划线部分“finishhomeworkbefore9:00p.m.”表示做某件事，应用what来提问，位于句首，首字母要大写；原句中的has说明句子采用一般现在时，疑问句中应借助助动词does。故填Whatdoes。8．Howlong【详解】句意：完成我的家庭作业通常花费我两个小时。划线部分“twohours”表示一段时间，对一段时间提问要用Howlong。故填Howlong。9．

What

look

like【详解】句意：Tom是中等身高。划线部分ofmediumheight是介词短语，形容人的外貌，表示为“中等身高”，当询问某人外貌特征时，可用句式whatdo/doessb.looklike“某人长得怎么样”。故填What；look；like。10．

How

long

did

take【详解】句意：我花了两天时间做了一个南瓜灯。划线部分是时间段，疑问词用howlong；根据“took”可知变疑问句时借助助动词did，后加动词原形。故填How；long；did；take。二、同义句转化11．HealwaystakesaplanetoBeijing.(改为同义句)HealwaysgoestoBeijing________________.12．Acrossfromthehotelisapark.（改为同义句）________________aparkacrossfromthehotel.13．Sheisnottooheavyortoolight.（改为同义句）Sheis________________________.14．Withthisbook,studentswon’tbeafraidoflearningEnglishanymore.(同义句转换)______________________________________15．Iwasveryafraidtogoswimminginthelake.(改为同义句)Iwasveryafraid________________swimminginthelake.16．Marydidn’twanttostopformeals.(改为同义句)Marydidn’twanttostop________________meals.17．Thefirstcomputerwasasbigasahouse.

(改为同义句)Thefirstcomputerwas________________________________ahouse.18．Hewon’tgodancinganymore.(改为同义句)Hewill________________godancing.He’ll________________dancing.19．Theartistcanusechalktodraw3-Dpictures.(改为同义句)Theartistcandraw3-Dpictures________________.20．Thebottleisfullofwater.(同义句转换)________________________________________________随堂练习二11．

by

plane##air【详解】句意：他总是坐飞机去北京。takeaplane可用byplane/air“乘飞机”来替换。故填by；plane/air。12．

There

is【详解】句意：酒店对面是一个公园。根据“...aparkacrossfromthehotel.”可知，此处可用therebe句式来表示“某地有某物”，结合题干可知，该句子用一般现在时，且空后是单数名词apark，此时be动词应用is。故填There；is。13．

of

medium

build【详解】句意：她既没有过重，也没有过轻。根据“Sheisnottooheavyortoolight.”可知，她没有过重或过轻，即她是中等身材，结合“Sheis...”，可用介词短语ofmediumbuild，作表语。故填of；medium；build。14．Withthisbook,studentswillbenomoreafraidoflearningEnglish.【详解】句意：有了这本书，学生们就不再害怕学习英语了。本题要求改为同义句，not...anymore=nomore“不再”。故填Withthisbook,studentswillbenomoreafraidoflearningEnglish.15．

of

going【详解】句意：我很害怕去湖里游泳。描述害怕做某事“beafraidtodo”或者“beafraidofdoing”两者可以互换。故填of；going。16．

to

have【详解】句意：玛丽不想停下来吃饭。此题要求改为同义句。根据句子结构可知，原句中的stopformeals=stoptohavemeals意为“停下来吃饭”。故填to；have。17．

the

same

size

as【详解】句意：第一台计算机和房子一样大。asbigas“和……一样大”，也可以用thesamesizeas...“与……相同大小”替换。故填the；same；size；as。18．

no

more##longer

give

up【详解】句意：他不会再去跳舞了。表示“不再做某事”可用结构nomore/nolonger；也可表示为“放弃跳舞”，giveup“放弃”，will后加动词原形。故填no；more/longer；give；up。19．

with

chalk【详解】句意：这位艺术家可以用粉笔画三维图片。此处表示“用粉笔”可用结构withchalk。故填with；chalk。20．Thebottleisfilledwithwater.【详解】句意：瓶子里装满了水。此处考查同义句转换，形容词短语befullof=befilledwith“装满”。故填Thebottleisfilledwithwater.三、改写句子21．Thefivestudentsarehelpingtheoldwoman.（改为一般疑问句）________thefivestudents________theoldwoman?22．Therearesomeflowersondesk.(改为一般疑问句)________________________flowersonthedesk?23．Shewearsabluesweatertoday.（改为一般疑问句）________she________abluesweatertoday?24．Iwasinterestedinmusictwoyearsago.(改为一般疑问句)________________interestedinmusictwoyearsago?25．It’sveryinteresting.(改为否定疑问句)________________veryinteresting?26．Shehastocleanherroomeveryday.(改为一般疑问句)_______she_______tocleanherroomeveryday?27．Sometimeshesitsinfrontofthebuilding.（用now改句）He________________infrontofthebuildingnow.28．Sallyhaslonghair.（用shorthair改为选择疑问句）_________Sally_________longhair_________shorthair?29．Themanissleeping.Thewindowisopen.(合并为一句)Themanissleeping________________________________.30．Therearesomebonesinthebackofelephants’feet.(改为否定句)There________________bonesinthebackofelephants’feet.随堂练习三21．

Are

helping【详解】句意：五位学生正在帮助老妇人。根据“arehelping”，可知原句是现在进行时，一般疑问句结构为Be+主语+动词现在分词+其他。故填Are；helping。22．

Are

there

any【详解】句意：桌子上有一些花。原句为therebe结构，变一般疑问句要把be动词放在there前；some变为any。故填Are；there；any。23．

Does

wear【详解】句意：她今天穿着一件蓝色毛衣。结合题干可知，原句为一般现在时的陈述句，主语为she，其对应的一般疑问句“...she...abluesweatertoday?”应由助动词does来提问，且此时位于主语she后的动词wear应用原形。故填Does；wear。24．

Were

you【详解】句意：两年前我就对音乐感兴趣了。含有be动词的肯定句变为一般疑问句，需把be动词提到主语前，第一人称I变为第二人称you，所以对应的be动词应用were。故填Were；you。25．

Isn’t

it【详解】句意：这很有趣。原句为肯定句，改为否定疑问句，须将be动词的否定形式isn’t放在句首，并大写句首字母，主语放在其后。故填Isn’t；it。26．

Does

have【详解】句意：她不得不每天打扫房间。根据题意改为一般疑问句，原句时态为一般现在时，主语she是第三人称单数，hasto是实义动词，意为“不得不”，变一般疑问句，需借助助动词does来完成，其结构是Does+主语+动词原形+其他？has的原形是have，havetodosth.“不得不去做某事”，固定短语。故填Does；have。27．

is

sitting【详解】句意：有时他坐在大楼前。用now改句后，时态变为现在完成时，结构为：am/is/aredoing，主语是he，be动词用is，sits变为sitting，故填is；sitting。28．

Does

have

or【详解】句意：莎莉有一头长发。选择疑问句的结构是“一般疑问句+or+选择部分”，原句时态是一般现在时，句中含有实义动词has，所以疑问句中助动词用does，后跟动词原形，“longhair”和“shorthair”之间用or连接，故填Does；have；or。29．

with

the

window

open【详解】句意：那个男人正在睡觉。窗户是开着的。合并为一句时，表示窗户开着的状态，可用with的复合结构with+名词+形容词，withthewindowopen“窗户开着”。故填with；the；window；open。30．

aren’t

any【详解】句意：在大象的脚背部有一些骨头。考查含有be动词are的句子变否定句，在are后加not缩写成aren’t。some在否定句中要变成any。故填aren’t；any。四、将所给单词连成句子31．are,the,swimming,boys,the,pool,in_________________________________________?32．time,they,have,do,what,breakfast__________________________________________________________?33．you,are,with,good,people,old_____________________________________________________________?34．people,ivory,also,kill,elephants,for,their(.)________________________________________.35．play,to,you,Do,join,want,me,to,chess(连词成句)_____________________________________?36．school,get,how,to,long,does,take,to,it__________________________________________________________?37．places,elephants,remember,with,can,foodandwater______________________________________________.38．is,

for,

just,

theweather,

walking,

right______________________________________________.39．it,

take,

does,

getto,

bybus,

thepark,

howlong,

to______________________________________________?40．are,there,a,of,lot,things,can,you,do(.)________________________________________.随堂练习四31．Aretheboysswimminginthepool【详解】theboys作主语；areswimming是现在进行时结构，一般疑问句将are提到句首；inthepool是地点，放在句末，故填Aretheboysswimminginthepool“男孩们在游泳池里游泳吗”。32．Whattimedotheyhavebreakfast【详解】根据句末标点符号可知，本句是问句，whattime位于句首进行提问，助动词do位于其后。they作主语，have作谓语动词，breakfast作宾语。故答案为：Whattimedotheyhavebreakfast“他