2023年职称英语理工类B级考试真题

2023年职称英语考试理工类b级考试真题第1部分:词汇选项(第１~１5题，每题１分,共15分)下面每个句子中均有１个词或者短语划有底横线,请为每处划线部分拟定1个意义最为接近的选项。1、Joｅcametothewindowastheｃrowd

chａｎｔｅｄ,”joe，joｅ,joe!”A.juｍpedＢ．repeatedＣ．maｉｎtａinｅdD.apｐrｏaｃｈｅd答案为：Ａ本题解析：A

chａnt这个词的意思是“唱”，特别是“反复、单调地唱或吟诵”。本句中说窗外的人群反复呼喊Jｏｅ的名字,所以这里可以用rｅｐeat替代chanｔ２、Whaｔ

ｐuｚzｌes

mｅiｓwhｙhisbｏoksaｒeｓoｐopｕlar.A.conｆuｓesB．shocksC.influeｎcesＤ.ｃonceｒns答案为:C本题解析:C

puzｚle作动词用的意思是“感到不解、迷惑”,句子的意思是：令我不解的是为什么他的书如此受欢迎。动词confuｓe恰好和ｐｕｚzｌｅ同义，并且用法也相同３.Thestormｃauｓed

seｖeｒｅ

damagｅ.Ａ.ｐhｙｓicａlＢ.accidentalC.enｖiｒｏnmentalＤ．ｓerｉｏus答案为:A本题解析:A

seｖeｒe有“严厉的、严重的”多种意义。sevｅredamａｇe是严重破坏,故可用ｓeｒiｏuｓ代替。又如:seｖerecritiｃism严厉批评、severesituatiｏn严峻的形势、ｓeｖereｗiｎｔer严冬、severeloss严重损失、severeteacheｒ严厉的老师4．Ｏuraimｗaｓtｏ

upｄate

thehｅａlｔhsｅrvｉｃe,anｄweｓｕcceｅded．A.offｅｒＢ．ｍｏdｅrnizｅＣ.ｐrｏviｄeD.fund案为：Ａ5.Hｅrcommｅntsａboｕtmｅnare

ｕtterly

ｒidｉｃuloｕs.A.sｌightlyB.paｒtlｙC．fａintｌｙD.coｍpleｔｅlｙ答案为：C本题解析:Ｃ

ｕｔｔerly的意思是“完全”,和completeｌy同义6.Aｌargecrｏwd

assemｂled

ｏutsidetheＡｍerｉcａｎeｍbａｓsｙ.Ａ．waｔcｈedB.gatherｅdC.shouｔedＤ．walｋｅd答案为:Ｄ本题解析：D

assemｂle是“集结”的意思，gatｈeｒ是具有这一词义的最普通的一个词7.The

cｏnteｍpt

hefeｌtfoｒhisfelloｗstudentsｗasobｖiｏｕｓ.Ａ．needB．hateC.lovｅD.pity答案为:C本题解析:Ｃ

在四个选项中和cｏntempt（蔑视)意义最接近的是hａte,pity的意思是“怜悯”。8.Ａlltheflatｓinthｅｂuildiｎghadthesame

layout.Ａ.coｌorB.arrangｅmenｔC.ｓizeD.functiｏｎ答案为:Ｂ本题解析:B

laｙｏut的意思是“布局、安排”,如:ｌayoｕtｏfthｅｅxhｉbiｔionhalｌ，lａyoｕtoｆｔheshｏppingcompｌex等。本句的意思是：大楼里所有的公寓布局都同样。aｒrangement可以指时间、日程的安排,也可以指空间的分割和安排。ｆｕｎction的意思是“功能”9.Thｅｗeａtherwas

crisp

andcｌeａraｎdｙouｃｏuldseethemountａｉnsfiftyｍileｓaｗay.A.ｈotＢ.heaｖyＣ．fｒeshD.winｄy答案为：A本题解析：A

cｒiｓp通常用于修饰食品.表达“脆的、新鲜而脆生的”,如:crisｐｃrackers,crisplettｕcｅ等。但它也可以用来描述天气，表达“清新、凉爽的”，在本句中它表达的就是这个意思,所以可以用ｆrｅsh来代替1０.Ｈe

inspiｒed

manyyoｕｎgpeｏｐｌｅtotａkeuptｈeｓｐort.Ａ．allｏｗeｄB.calledC．adviｓeｄD.ｅncoｕrageｄ答案为:B本题解析:B

lｎｓｐireｓb.toｄosｔｈ．是“鼓励、激励某人做某事”的意思,这里ｉnspire和eｎｃourage的词义和用法同样，故可以用encouraｇe来代替。11.Ｉtｈink７forａｄrinｋisaｂit

stｅep,don’ｔｙｏu?A.tｉghtＢ.ｈighC.ｌowＤ.cｈeap答案为：Ｄ本题解析:D

ｓtｅep这个词最常用的意义是“陡峭的”，如:ａstｅepsｌｏpｅ陡峭的山坡，但在口语中它可以用来表达“(规定、价格)过高、难以接受”的意思１２.Mosｔbabiｅｓcａn

take

inａwidｅｒangeoffoｏｄｅaｓily.A.bringB.keeｐC.serveD.digest答案为:D本题解析:D

takeｉn这个短语可以有多种解释,如“接纳、接受、留宿、收缩、改小”等。在本句中它的意义很明显是“吸取、消化”，故选digest13.Theciｔycentrewas

wipｅdｏut

bｙthebｏmｂ.A.destoryedＢ.coveｒedC.reduｃedＤ.moｖeｄ答案为：C本题解析：C

wipeｏut是个短语，意思是“消灭、摧毁”，和动词ｄestroy同义。又如：Tｈewholetownwaswipeｄoutbｙthelandsｌide.滑坡摧毁了整个城乡14．Thewallsarｅmａdeof

hｏｌlow

coｎcｒetebｌｏｃｋｓ．A.eｍｐtyB.bｉgC．longD.ｎｅw答案为:D本题解析:D

holｌow的意思是“空心的”,如:ahollowtｒｅe,ａholｌoｗpipe。这里可以用eｍpty来替换。１５.Dowｅhavetｏwｅarthｅsｅname

ｔagｓ?A.ｌｉstsB.labelｓC．fｏrmsＤ.ｃｏdes答案为:Ｃ本题解析:C

ｔａg小标签，如：priｃetａgｓ价格标牌、ｌuggagｅｔags行李标签。在四个选项中lａｂel和它同义。foｒm是“表格”，coｄe是“码”,如barｃode条形码第2部分阅读判断EasternＱuaｋeｓCaｎTrｉgｇｅｒBigShakesIntｈeｆirｓｔｗeekofＮovembｅr2023,peｏpleinｃenｔralOklaｈomaexperｉencｅｄmoreｔhantwｏdoｚｅneａrｔhquakes．Thelaｒgｅｓt,aｍａｇｎiｔude(量）5.６quake,shｏoｋtｈousanｄsoffanｓinacｏlｌｅgｅfootballstadiｕm,causedcraｃｋsｉｎafｅwbuｉldiｎgｓandsｃａredmanypｅoｐlｅwhohａdｎeverfelｔａqｕakebeｆｏrｅ.Oklahomaisｎｏtanaｒeａofthｅcounｔｒyfａmｏusforiｔsquaｋes.IfyouwatchthenｅwsonＴV,yoｕｓeeｒｅpｏｒtｓａｂoutaｌlsortsofnaｔｕｒａｌdiｓasｔｅrs.Ｂｕtthemosｔdangeｒoustｙpeofnatuｒalｄisａｓｔer，ａｎｄalsoｔhｅmｏsｔunpredicｔaｂle,istheｅaｒthqｕake.RｅseａrｃｈeｒsaｔｔhｅＵSGeｏloｇｉｃａlSuｒｖeｙ（USGS）estimａtethａｔsevｅrａlmｉllionearｔhquａkesｏｃcuｒgloballyｅachyｅaｒ.Ｔhａtｍayｓoｕnｄscarｙ，butpeopledon'tfｅｅlmanyofthemｂecauｓetｈeyhａppeninremｏteandunpｏpｕlaｔedｒegｉoｎｓ.Manyquakeshapｐｅnunｄerｔheoceaｎ,andothershaveaｖerｙsmallmagnitude.Sciｅnｔiｓtskｎowaboutsmall，rｅmｏｔeｑｕakeｓoｎlｙbeｃauｓeofveryｓensｉtivｅelecｔrｏnicdevｉｃeｓcａlleｄseｉsmometｅrｓ（地震仪).Ｔhｅｓｅdevicesdｅｔectａndmｅaｓｕretheｓiｚeｏfｇroundviｂｒａtioｎs（震颤)produｃedｂyeartｈｑuａkｅｓ.Aｌtogeｔｈer,ＵSGSreseａrｃhersusｅseiｓmｏmｅterstｏidｅntifyandloｃａtｅａbout２02３0earｔhqｕaｋesｅａｃｈyear.Aｌthoｕgheaｒtｈquａkｅｓcaｎｈaｐｐenanywhｅreiｎtｈｅｗｏｒld,rｅａlｌybｉgquａｋesｏccurｏnlyincerｔaｉnareaｓ．Ｔhelaｒｇestonesreｇisｔｅｒamaｇnitude8ｏrhｉgｈeｒandｈapｐｅn,oｎaverａｇe,oｎlyonceeachyeaｒ.SuchbiｇonesｔypｉｃalｌｙocｃuｒalongthｅedgesｏｆＥarth'steｃtonicpｌａtes(构造板块）．TｈctonicplatｅsａrｅhｕｇeｐiｅcesofEarth'ｓcruｓt（外壳）,ｓometiｍｅｓmanｙkilomｅtersthick.Oｆten,edgesoftｈｅｓeplaｔeｓtemｐorａrｉｌyｌoｃktogｅｔｈeｒ.Whenpｌatｅｓpｕｓhandscｒａｐｅ（擦）ｐasteaｃhotherearｔhqｕakesoｃcur.Oｎaｖeｒａｇe，tectonicplaｔｅsmoveveｒysｌowly--ｂouｔthesａmｅspｅｅｄasyourfiｎｇeｒnailsｇroｗ.Bｕtsｏmｅtiｍesｅarthｑｕａkeｓｒｕｍble（轰轰作响）ｔhroughｐｏrｔiｏｎsｏftｈeｌａndscapefarfromaｐlａte＇sｅdges．Althoughｌesｓｅｘｐｅｃted,theｓe＂mid－plate"smａlleartｈquakｅscaｎbeｓtanｔialdamage．SomeoftheｂｉggesｔknownexamｐｌｅshitthｅeasｔeｒnhａlfｏfｔhｅUnitedStatestwocenｔurieｓａgo.Today，sｃiｅnｔｉsｔsaresｔillｐｕzzlingｏverwhｙtheｑuａkeｓoccurｒｅdandwheｎsimilaronesmiｇhtoccur.16.Oklahoｍａｉｓanareaoftenexpeｒiencinｇnatｕｒaｌdiｓａsters.A.ＲightB.WrongC.Notmentiｏneｄ１７．Tｈｅｅaｒtｈquakeisｔhｅmｏstｕnprｅｄｉctabｌeｎaturａldisaster.A.ＲightB.ＷrongＣ．Nｏｔmeｎtioｎｅd18．Fｅwｅａrtｈｑuaｋｅshａppenwitｈoutｐeople＇saｗareness.A.RigｈtB．WroｎgＣ.Notmeｎtioned19.SeismｏｍeｔerscanidentiｆyanｄlｏcatemoｓtoftheｅarthquaｋesinChｉnａ.Ａ.RightB．WrongC．Nｏtmentioneｄ20．Bigearthquａkｅsofamaｇnitｕde8orｈｉgherselｄoｍhappeｎfａｒｆroｍtheｅｄgesoｆtｅctoniｃｐlａteｓ.A．RｉgｈtB.ＷrｏngC.Notmｅｎｔioned21.Wheneverｔｅctｏｎicplaｔesｍoｖe,earthｑuakｅshappen.Ａ.ＲiｇhtB.ＷｒongC.Notmenｔiｏｎed22．TheeａrtｈquaｋethａｔhiｔtheeasｔernｈａlfｏfthｅUniｔedStatestｗoｃeｎturiesagoiｓthebｉggest"mid－plaｔe"oneinhiｓｔｏｒy．A.RiｇhtB.WrｏngC．Ｎｏtmenｔioneｄ16A

根据第一段倒数第二句:IfyouwatchtheneｗsｏnTV，yoｕseｅｒeporｔsaboutalｌsortsｏfnａｔuｒaldisasteｒs.(假如你经常看电视的话,你会看到各种各样的关于自然灾害的报道。）17A

根据第一段最后一句:Ｂuｔｔheｍostdanｇeｒoustｙｐeofｎａturaldisaster，ａｎｄａｌsothｅmostunｐredicｔable,ｉｓthｅeartｈquake．１8B

本题的意思是:几乎所有的地震人们都有感知。根据第二段最后两句,我们得出:很多地震是人们感觉不到的。1９C

本文主线没有提到中国。20A

根据第四段最后一句：8级或8级以上的大地震一般发生在地球构造板块的边沿。21B

根据第五段第三句：只有本地球的板块互相摩擦时,地震才会发生。本句的意思是:

只要地球的板块一挪动，地震就会发生。２2C

根据本文倒数第二句:Sｏｍeoｆtｈｅｂｉggeｓtknｏｗnｅｘample...（一些已知的在美国东半部发生的地震是最大的例子）,但没有说明是历史上最大的地震。第３部分概括大意与完毕句子LearnａboｕtNｏｂleＧaseｓ（惰性气体)1Haveyｏueverriｄｄeｎonabaｌlｏon?Ｍanytouｒistspoｔsoｆferbａlｌoonrideｓiｎorｄerforpeoｐletoｓeetｈebeautyｏfａｐｌａcefromabove．Abａlloonｃontａinsａnoblｅgasｃalledｈellｕｍ（氦)．Fｏrmｅrｌｙ,bａlloｏnscoｎｔainedhyｄrogenbｕthｙｄｒｏgenisverｙflammableanddanｇｅrouswhenunｃoｎｔｒolｌed.Therefore,peoｐlesｈiftedtoheｌium，whiｃhisｓafｅｒ.Heliｕｍisｓafeｂecauｓｅｉthasthepｒｏｐerｔiｅsofthenｏbｌｅｇａses.2Pｅoplｅoncｅbelleveｄtｈatnｏblegasescoｕldｎ＇tｃheｍiｃaｌlyrｅａcｔaｔａlｌ．Forthｉｓrｅason,theｙwｅrecaｌledｉnertgａsｅs(惰性气体）.ＴheywerealsｏliｓtｅｄundｅrGroup0iｎtheoldperiｏｄicｔabｌebecausesｃｉeｎtistｓbelieｖeｄthatthegasｅsｈavezeｒovａlｅncｅ（价）electronsiｎtheiroutersｈell.Thiswaslaterproventｏbeuntｒuewhensoｍenobｌegａsｃoｍpoｕndsweｒｅｄiscoｖeｒed.3Tｈegasｅｓarｅelemeｎts,ｗhｉｃhsharesｉｍilaｒｐｒoperｔies．Thesepｒoｐｅrtｉesｉnｃludebeｉnｇmonoatomiｃ,ｃolｏｒｌesｓ,ｏdｏrless,ｂeingaｂletｏconductｅlｅctricitｙ，andhavinglowｃhｅmicaｌreacｔｉｖity.NobleｇaｓｅsinｃｌudeHelium,Nｅon，Aｒｇoｎ,Krypton，XeｎoｎaｎｄRadon.ThesｅareａｌlfoundinＧｒｏuｐ１8,intｈｅriｇｈtmostcolｕmnoftheｐｅriodicｔable．Iｆyouｌooｋaｔｔｈeperｉoｄiｃtabｌｅ,youｗilｌnoｔiｃetｈattｈｅseelemenｔsaｒetｈｅｏnlｙonｅs,whichdonｏthaｖeacharｇe．Heliuｍhａsｔhelowｅsｔmoｌｅｃulaｒ(分子的）ｗeｉghtｗｈileＲadonisｔheheａviest.4Rｅｍembｅrthatｃｈｅｍicａlreacｔioｎsｏccuｒbｅcauseａtｏmshａvｅvａｌenceelectｒons,whichareeｌｅcｔroｎｓinｔｈeｉrouｔeｒｓhell．Wｈentｈeoｕｔｅrshellis"ｕnfillｅｄ"orｔhereqｕireｄnumbｅrofelectroｎｓiｓnｏｔyｅtcｏmplete,ｔheaｔomisｍｏrereａｃtｉve．Noblｅgasｅshａveafulｌouｔerｓhell,meａniｎgthattｈeyｈavecｏｍpleteelectronsiｎtheｉroutｅrｓｈｅll.Thiｓcompleｔenumbervaｒiｅs.Foriｎstａnce,thｅouteｒshellｏfＨeliuｍhas２vaｌenceeｌｅctrｏｎswhilethｅouterｓhｅｌloｆXenonhas８elecｔｒons.Nowadays，thereremａinstobeafewｎoblｅgａsesbｅcａuｓeｏftheloｗcheｍｉcalｒeａcｔivityoｆtｈesesaidgases．5becauseofｔhｅｉrproperties,nｏblegaｓesｈaｖemａｎyiｍｐｏrｔanｔａｐplｉcａtiｏns.Theｙaｒｅwｉdｅｌyusedinmedｉｃｉnｅandindusｔrieｓ.Ｆorinstａnce,ｌiquｉdHelｉumisusedforsｕperconductingmagneｔｓ（磁体）．Theｓeｍagnetsａreveryimｐorｔantinｐhyｓiｃsanｄmｅdiciｎe.Wｈｅnadｏｃtorsusｐectｓtｈataperson'sbｒaiｎhaｓbｅendamageｄ,hemightｒeｑuestｆorＭagneticReｓonaｎceIｍagiｎg(MRI)．MRIalｌowsthedoctortｏ"sｅe＂ｔhebｒaiｎ,ｗithoｕtoperatingontｈepaｔｉｅnt.２3．paragｒapｈ224．paｒａｇraph３25.pａｒagｒaph42６.parａgrａｐh５Ａ.Hｏwwerenoblegaｓesdiｓcｏvｅｒed？Ｂ.whａtｉｓthｅpｅrｉｏdictable?C.ｗｈataｒetｈeappｌicａtionsｏｆnｏblegases?Ｄ．Howwｅrenobｌeｇasｅsundｅｒstｏｏdintｈｅpast?E．Whaｔcauｓesthｅｌoｗcheｍiｃalｒeacｔivｉtｙofｎoblegａses？F．Whatarｅnｏｂlegases?27.Noｂlegasesａrenｏｔverychｅmicａｌｌy.28.AmongtｈeelemｅntｓｏfnoｂlegasｅsＨelｉumiｓthe.２９.Thｅｒｅquiｒednumbeｒofeleｃtrｏnsinｎobｌｅgａses'outeｒshｅlｌiｓ.30.ＭRＩmaymakeoｐｅｒatingｏｎｔhepatiｅnｔ.A.comｐlｅtｅB.reａctiveＣ.unnecｅｓｓarｙＤ.ｆｌaｍmaｂlｅE．ｉmｐortａntF.ｌiｇｈtｅst23

E

根据该段第一句话:Ｐeopleｏncｅbｅlievｅdｔｈaｔnｏblｅｇaｓescouldn’tchemｉcallｙrｅactatalｌ.24

A

本段开头介绍了nｏblｅgaｓes的相同点，紧接着作者又列出了noblｅgaseｓ涉及的气体以及它们的特性。2５

Ｃ

该段第一句和最后一句中的chemicalｒeacｔｉｏn和chｅmicaｌrｅactivｉtｙ点出了该选项。26

F

该段开头..．nｏbleｇａsｅｓhaｖemａnyｉmpoｒtantapplications是本段的主题句。２７

B

第二段第一句中的reａct可以用berｅａcｔiｖe替换。28

A

根据第三段最后一句：Hｅlｉｕmhastheloweｓtmｏleｃulａr(分子的)weight．29

D

根据第四段第三句:..．meanｉngthatｔheｙhavecoｍpleｔeｅleｃtroｎsinｔｈeiｒｏutersheｌl．30

F

根据本文最后一句:MＲＩaｌloｗstｈeｄoctoｒto"ｓee"tｈebrain,wｉtｈouｔopｅraｔiｎgonthe第4部分阅读理解第一篇

GrosｓNatiｏnalHapｐineｓｓInｔhｅlasｔcentｕry,ｎewtｅchnｏlogyimpｒovedtｈｅlivesoｆmanyｐeopｌeinmaｎycountｒiｅｓ．However，ｏnecｏｕnｔryrｅsｉｓtedｔhｅｓｅｃhａnges.HiｇhintheHimａｌaｙａnmouｎtaｉnsofAsiａ,thekｉngdomofＢhｕtanｒｅmaineｄsepａrate．ItspeｏｐleandBuddｈist（佛教)cultuｒｅhadｎｏtｂeeｎaffectedfｏｒalmｏstathｏｕsaｎdyeａrs.Bhutan，however，wasapｏｏrcｏuntry.Ｐeoplediｅｄaｔayouｎｇage.Mostofiｔspｅｏplecoulｄnoｔread,ａndｔheｙdidnｏtknowmucｈabouｔtｈeｏutsiｄｅworld.Ｔｈen,in1972，anｅwrｕleｒnaｍedKｉngＪｉgｍｅSinｇyeWａngcｈucｋdecideｄtohelｐKingWangcｈucｋlookedatotｈercouｎtｒieｓforideas.HesawthaｔｍosｔcｏuntriｅsｍeasuredthｅirprｏgreｓsbｙｔｈeirGrｏｓsNatoｎalProduct(ＧNP)．TheGNPmeasuｒesprｏｄuctsａｎｄmoneｙ.Whenthenuｍbeｒofpｒoductssoldiｎcreases,pｅoplesaytｈecｏuｎｔryiｓｍaｋiｎgprogresｓ.KiｎｇWanｇchuckｈadａdｉfｆerentｉｄeaｆorＢhutａn.Hewantｅｄｔomeasurｅhiｓcountry'sprｏgresｓｂypeople＇shappiｎess.Iｆthepeoｐlｅ'shａppｉnｅｓsｉnｃrｅased,ｔｈｅkingcouldsaythatBhutaｎwaｓmakingprｏｇress．Ｔoｄecidｅiｆpｅｏplｅwｅrehappiｅｒ，hecreaｔeｄａｍeasurecａllｅdGrｏｓsNａtｉonaｌHappｉness（GNＨ）.GＮHisbasedoｎｃｅrtａｉnprinｃｉｐlｅsｔhaｔcrｅatehaｐpiness.Peｏplearehappｉeriftheｙｈavehealtｈcare，educａｔｉon,andｊoｂｓ.Thｅyarｅｈaｐpieｒｗhｅntｈeyliveinａheaｌthｙ,proｔeｃtｅdenviｒonmenｔ.Ｔheyarehａppｉerwheｎtheｙcankｅｅpthｅirtrａｄitionalcuｌtureandｃustoｍs.Finａｌly，peoｐlearehappiｅrwhentheyｈａveaｇood，ｓtaｂｌｅｇoveｒnment．NoｗｔhesｅiｓｓomeevｉdｅnｃeoｆinｃrｅaｓedGNHｉnBhutａn.Ｐｅopｌeａrehｅａltｈieraｎdarelｉvinglonger.Ｍorｅｐeopleareｅducateｄanｄeｍploｙed.Teeｎｔy-fivepｅrcｅntｏftheｌandｈasbeｃoｍeｎatiｏnalｐａrkｓ,andthecountrｙｈａsalmosｔnoｐollutioｎ．ＴheBhｕtaneｓecｏnｔiｎueｔoｗeartｈeirｔraｄiｔiｏnalｃlothingaｎｄfｏllowtheiｒancientBuddhistｃｕstｏms.Bhutａｎhasａlｓobecomeademｏcracy.In2023,KingWaｎｇchucｋｇavehｉspｏｗertohisson.Althoｕghthecountｒystiｌｌｈadaking,ithelditsfirstｄeｍocｒａtｉceｌecｔionｓthatyear．Bhutａｎhａｄｐoｌｉｔｉcalpartiｅsandpolitｉcaｌｃandｉdatｅsforthｅｆirsttime．Ｆinalｌy,Ｂｈuｔanhasconnectedｔｏｔｈｅrｅｓtｏftheworldｔｈrｏughteｌevisioｎanｄｉnternet.Bhutaｎiｓasｙｍｂolfoｒsｏcｉalproｇresｓ．MａnycounｔriｅsarenｏwinterestediｎBhｕｔａｎ'sGNH．Thesecountriesareinvesｔigaｔinｇtheiｒownwａysｔomｅａｓurehappineｓs.Tｈeywaｎtｔoｃrｅaｔeneｗpoｌiｃｉｅsthａttakecarｅoftheiｒpeｏｐle,cuｌtｕreｓ,andland.BｒazｉlmａybetheneｓtcoｕｎtrytousetheprｉncipleｓoｆGNH.BｒazilｉaｎlｅaｄeｒsseｅtheprinciplesofGNHasasoｕrｃｅoｆiｎsｐiration.Braｚiｌisalargeｃｏuntｒywithadiveｒseｐoｐulation.IfhappｉnｅssworksasaｍeasureｏｆprogｒesｓiｎBraｚil，perhaｐｓｔhｅｒeｓtoftheworｌdwillｆolｌow.31.WhowasJｉgmeSiｎgyeＷangcｈucｋ?Ａ．Akiｎg．B．Apｒesidｅnt．C．ABuｄｄhistｐrieｓt．Ｄ．Agｅｎeｒal．３2.ApaｒｔfroｍmｏdernizinｇBhuｔan,whａtelsedidWangchｕcｋwａｎttoｄoforBｈutaｎ？A．Ｔomakｅitspｏｐulationgrow.Ｂ.Tｏkｅｅpiｔstrａditiｏnsandcustoｍｓ．C．Ｔoｋeepiｔseparatｅfromｔhｅworlｄ.D.Toenｃourageｉtspeｏｐletogeｔrｉcｈ．3３．ＡcｏuｎtrｙshoｗsｉｔsｐroｇｒｅsｓwiｔhGＮPｂyA.spendiｎｇmorｅmoｎeｙ.Ｂ.spｅndinｇｌesｓmoney．C.pｒoviｄｉｎｇｍorejoｂｓ.D.sｅlｌingmｏｒｅproducts．３４.ＡccoｒdingtｏGNＨ,peoplｅａrｅhaｐｐieｒｉｆｔheｙA.haｖeneｗｔeｃｈnolｏgｙ.Ｂ.canchaｎgetｈｅirｒｅｌｉgiｏｎ.Ｃ.haveａgood,staｂlｅgoveｒnｍent.D．hａvemoreｍoｎｅy.35．ＴｏdaｙmanｙcｏuntriｅsａreA.usingthepriｎcipleｓofGNHtｏｍeasｕretheｉｒｐrｏｇｒesｓ.B.workiｎｇtogetherｔodevelｏpacommonscaｌetｏmｅasurｅGNH．C.tａkingｂoｔｈBhuｔａｎandBrazilassymbolsforsocialprogress.D.tryiｎｇtoｆindtheiｒownwayｓtomeaｓureｈaｐpineｓs.31

Ｃ

第一段里就提到一位名为KiｎｇJigｙneSingyeWangｃhuck的新的统治者,很显然Wangchuck是一位国王。32

Ｄ

第一段的结尾处讲到KinｇJigmeＳinｇｙeWaｎｇchｕckｄecideｄｔoｈｅipBhutanｔobecomｅmｏdern,butｗithoutｌｏsingiｔstraｄｉtｉons，可见这位国王决定要让不丹现代化,但又不失去自己的传统。33

Ｃ

在第二段里可以找到对GNP一个十分简朴化的解释：TheGNPmeａsurｅsproducｔsａｎｄmonｅy．

Whｅn

ｔｈe

numbｅｒ

ofpｒoductｓ

solｄ

iｎcreases,

ｐｅｏplｅ

sａy

the

ｃouｎｔrｙ

ｉs

mａkinｇpｒogress，也就是说卖出的产品增长了，就说明这个国家在进步。3４

Ｂ

第三毁列举了衡量GＮH的多个标准，其中涉及人民享受医疗保险、受教育、有工作、生态环境健康并受到保护等。最后提到的一个标准便是人民有个好的、稳定的政府。35

A

答案在第五段里下面这两个句子中可以看到:ManycoｕntｒiesarenowｉntｅresｔedｉnＢhutan's

ＧNＨ.

＂Tｈesｅcｏｕｎtriesarｅiｎvestigatｉｎgtｈeｉｒｏwnwａystomeaｓuｒehapｐiness．第二篇ArｃhiveGallery:TheBｅstｏｆBｉｏniｃｓ(仿生学)Hｕmansmigｈtbethemosｔhigｈly-evoｌｖｅｄspｅcｉesontheplaｎet,bｕｔｍoｓtanｉmaｌsｐoｓsｅｓsｓｋillsｗecanonlyｄrｅａmoｆhａvｉｎｇ．Imaginehoｗmucｈelｅctｒicitｙｗecoulｄsaveｉfwecｏｕldseｅinthｅdaｒｋthｅwaｙcaｔｓdo.Imagineleａpingfｒomtreeｔotreelikeａｍonｋey.Ｇiｒａffes(长颈鹿）,whicｈareothｅrｗisecaｌmａnｄgoｏｄ-natured,sleｅponｌｙ4.6houｒsadaｙ．Ｗｅｒｅalｉzedalong,lｏnｇtiｍｅagothatｎａtureｐrovidｅsthebｅstｂlｕepｒｉｎt(蓝图)forｉnveｎtion.We＇veborrｏwｅdcanalsfrｏmbeavers(河狸）ａndrｅflectｏrsfroｍcat＇seyes.Althｏughtｈewoｒds"bionｉcs"becａmｅpopｕlaronｌyaftｅrtｈe196０s,hisｔoryshowsthatnａturｅｈaｓalwaｙspｒovｉdｅdidｅａsｏｎsoｌvingeveｒydaｙｐrobｌems.Ｏurarchｉveｓ(档案)doｎ'tｇobacｋtｏthｅtｉmｅｏfＬｅｏｎａrdodａVincｉandｈiｓbird-ｌikeflyingmaｃhines,ｂuｔwｅｃantakｅyouｔothelaｔe１9thcｅntury,ｗheｒeweａppliｅdｔhoｓｅsａmｅｐrincipleｓfｏｒｂuｉlｄｉngouｒfiｒsｔpractiｃａlairpｌaｎes.ToｐreparefｏrｔｈｅirflightatKittｙHａwk,tｈeＷｒiｇhｔbｒothｅrsstｕdｉedｔheｍｏveｍenｔsofpｉgｅonstofigureｏuthowtｈeyｓtayedhighuｐｗheｎtheｙｗerｅheaviertｈanａir.Tｈeｉrsuccesｓinsｐiredscｏｒｅｓofsｕccessoｒｓtｏimpｒoveoｎｔｈeaiｒplａｎeｂystudyingvariouｓaspectsofnaｔurｅ．OｎeofＯrvilleWright'spｕpilscaｕghtanｄstuffedｓeagullstoexａmｉnetheirwingspan．Mｅａｎwhｉle,tｗoＦrｅnchinｖｅnｔorsexamiｎedspinnｉｎgsycamｏre(梧桐)sｅedｓinaneｆfｏrttoapplｙthosesaｍeｍotions,ｒｅverｓed,tｏaｈeｌiｃｏpｔeｒ．Ｓoｍｅexamplesaｒemｏreobｖiouｓthanoｔhers.ThｅoutsideoｆｔheairｐlanedｅsiｇnedbytheＷrightbrｏｔheｒｓｌooｋslikeａminimalｉsｔiｃ(简朴抽象艺术）strｕcture．Ontheｏthｅrｈand，BarneyConnetｔ'sｆiｓhsubｍａrinｅ（潜水艇)acｔuallｙlｏｏｋsｌｉkｅafiｓｈ.Sｏmeｂiｏ-inspirｅdcoｎｃｅptｓhaveｙｅttobeｉnvented．Intｈe１９60s,tｈeUSArmｙcommiｓsiｏｎｅdseverａluniverｓiｔyprofessoｒstoconductreseａｒchonthｅmotorｓｋillsaｎiｍalsinｈｏpeｏfappｌｙingｔｈosesaｍｅａｂilitiesｔｏtａnｋs.Tanksｔhａtrｕｎlikｅhｏｒseｓｏrjumplikegrasｓhｏpperｓ(蚂蚱)-soｕndsｓhocｋｉng,doｅsn＇tiｔ?Bｕtimａginｅhowlifewouｌｄcｈanｇｅifｗecｏuldachievethat.3６．"ｃats","monkeyｓ＂ａnd"giｒaffes"mentionediｎpａrａgraph1areexamplestoillｕstrateA．theyａrehｉghly-evolvｅdspecieｓashumans.B.hｕmanscanlearnａnimals'sｋilｌs.C．theyaｒｅskiｌlｆｕlindiffｅｒentwayｓ．D.animalshaveskillstｈathuｍansdoｎoｔpossess.37.Whichoftｈｅｆolloｗingcanbｅｆｏuｎdintｈeａｒchiｖeｇallｅry?A.Hｉsｔoryｂｏokｓ.B.TheWｒightbｒothers'sculpｔuｒｅ.C.Ｆiｒｓtpｒaｃｔicalairplanesbｕiltinｔhｅlａｔｅ1９thcentury.Ｄ.Leonardoｄaviｎci＇sbｉｒd-liｋｅflyiｎgmaｃhiｎeｓ．38.WhathappenedaftertheWrｉｇhｔbｒotｈｅrs'success?A.Ｐeoplecarrｉｅdoutasystemａｔicsｔudyonpｉgeoｎｓ.B．Peｏpｌesｔudiｅｄmoｒeaｎimaｌsandpｌaｎtsｔodｅveloptheairｐlanｅ.Ｃ．Peoplecoｕndflythｅiraiｒｐlaneｆorfｕn.Ｄ.PeopｌeｋeｐtｔｈeiraｉrplaｎeataFrencｈgallerｙ.39.ＷｈicｈｏfthefoｌｌowｉngintrｕeaboutthｅrｅｓeａｒchcａｒrieｄoutbythｅUSＡrｍy？A．Iｔｈaschangｅdoｕｒliｆe.B．Ｉthascosｔalａｒｇesumofmｏｎey.C.Ithaｓimprｏvｅdtheabiliｔiｅｓｏftanks．D.Iｔｈａsnoｔsｕｃceededyet．40.Whaｔdｏｅｓthewｒitｅrwａnttotｅlｌinthepassａge?A.Manyinventiｏnｓgｅtiｄeaｓfｒomnａｔｕre.B．Someaｎimａlspossessuniquｅskilｌs．Ｃ.Pｅｏpleshｏulｄｐｒoteｃtnａtｕre．D.Ｂionｉｃsｉsfarfroｍpｅrfect.36

A

根据第一段第一句:...bｕtmosｔａnｉmalｓｐoｓsesssｋillsｗｅｃanoｎlydreamｏfhaｖｉng．37

D

根据第二段最后一句。A和B没有提到。Ｃ的叙述恰好与原文相反。３8

Ｃ

根据第三段最后两句：一个例子是对海鸥的研究,另一个例子是对梧桐树种子的研究。39

Ｂ

最后一段第一句yeｔtobeinventeｄ和最后一句中iｆwｅcoulｄachiｅveｔｈａｔ都说明了该研究还没有成功。Ａ和D显然不对,C则没有提及。４0

B

A只涉及第一段;Ｃ主线没有提及；D只涉及最后一段。整篇文章都在论述人类从自然中所获灵感,进而产生了新发明第三篇＂LiｆeＦormFound"onＳaｔuｒn＇ｓTiｔanScｉentistsｓaytheyhavｅdiｓcｏveredhintsofalienｌｉfeontheSａtｕrｎ'ｓmｏon.ＴhedｉｓcoveｒyoｆａsortoflifｅwasａnｎounceｄafterrｅseａｒｃhersattｈeUSsｐacｅagenｃy,NASA,analyzeｄdataｆｒｏmspａcｅcrａｆtCaｓｓini,whicｈpointｅdtｏtｈeexiｓｔencｅoｆmethanｅ-basｅdfoｒｍoｆｌｉfeoｎSａｔurｎ＇sｂiggeｓtmoon.Ｓcientiｓｔshaｖereportedlydｉscｏｖereｄclueｓshowingprimitivealｉｅnｂｅiｎgｓare"breathing"ｉnTｉtaｎ'sdenｓeaｔmｏｓpherefｉlｌeｄwiｔｈｈydｒogen.ＴheｙargｕeｔhathydroｇeｎｇeｔｓａbｓorbedbeforeｈｉtｔingTitaｎ＇splanｅt-liｋｅsｕｒfaｃeｃoveredwithmethanｅlaｋeｓandriｖerｓ.This,tｈeysay,poiｎtstｏtheｅxistenceofsome＂bugs"consumingｔhｅhydｒｏgｅnａtｔhesurfaceoｆthemoonlessthanｈａlfthｅsizeofｔheEarth．＂Wesｕggeｓtedhydｒogenconsｕmptiｏnbｅcauseit＇stheobviｏｕsgａｓｆorlｉfeｔｏｃoｎsｕｍｅonTｉｔａn，simｉｌartｏｔheｗayｗｅconｓumeoxｙgenonEarth,＂sａｙsNASAsｃientistCｈｒisMcKａｙ．"Ｉftheｓｅｓignsdoturnouttoｂeasiｇnoflife,itwｏｕｌdbｅｄoublyexcitingｂecausｅｉtｗoulｄrｅprｅｓentaseｃｏndformofｌｉfｅｉndependentfｒomwater－baｓedlｉfeonEaｒth．"Todate,scｉeｎｔiｓtshａvenotyeｔdｅteｃtedｔhisfｏrmofｌiｆeanywhｅre,tｈoｕghtｈｅreａreliqｕid-water－bａsedmｉｃｒoｏｒganiｓmｓonEaｒththａtgrowweｌlonmethaneorproｄuceitasａｗasｔｅprｏｄｕct．ＯnＴitａn,whｅretemperaｔｕreｓａreａｒｏｕnd90Ｋeｌｖin(mｉnuｓ2９0degreesＦarｅnheit),aｍｅthａｎebaｓｅdorgaｎｉｓｍｗoulｄhａvetouseasubｓtancｅthatisliｑuｉdａsitsmediumfｏrｌivｉngpｒocesｓeｓ,buｔnotwatｅrｉtseｌf.WaｔeriｓfroｚensolｉdonTｉtan'ｓsｕrfaceandmucｈtooｃoｌdtoｓｕpｐｏrtlｉｆeasweknoｗit.ScｉentｉsｔｓhadexpectｅｄtｈeＳｕn'sintｅｒacｔioｎｓwｉtｈｃｈemicaｌsinｔhｅaｔmosｐheretｏｐroｄuceacoａtinｇoｆacetylｅneonTitan'sｓurface.ButＣaｓsinｉdeｔｅｃｔeｄnｏacetyleneｏnｔhｅsｕrfacｅ.ＴｈeabｓencｅofｄetectableacetyleneontｈeTitａn'ssurｆacecanvｅrｙweｌlhaｖeａnon-bｉoloｇicaｌexplanaｔｉｏn,saiｄＭarkAllen,aprｉncipalinveｓtigatorofｔｈeNASAＴｉtanteａm."Scｉentifｉcｃｏnｓｅrvａtiｓmｓuｇｇeｓtsthaｔabiｏlogiｃalｅxｐlanatｉonｓhouｌdbethｅlastchｏｉceaｆterallｎoｎ-ｂｉｏｌogｉｃalexplanationｓarｅａddressed,"Allenｓaid."Wｅhavealotoｆwｏrktｏｄｏtｏruｌｅoｕtpoｓｓiｂlenon-biｏｌoｇicalexplanatioｎs.Ｉｔismｏｒeliｋelｙtｈａtａchemｉcalprocｅｓｓ,ｗithoutbiology，cａneｘｐlａiｎｔhesｅｒesults.＂４１.WhatｄosciｅntistｓclａｉｍｔohavefｏuｎdａbｏutＳatuｒn?A．Watｅｒ－basedｌｉｆｅoｎｉｔ．Ｂ.Methanｅ-ｂaseｄlifeoｎitsbiggｅｓtmoｏn．C.Anewmoonmoviｎgaroundｉt.Ｄ.Ｅａrthlikelｉfeonｉｔsｂiｇgestｍoon.42.WhichoftheｆｏｌlowｉnｇstａteｍｅntｓaboutTitａnistrue?A.ItｉsaslargeasthｅEartｈ.B.Tｈerｅisａcetyｌｅneonitssurｆace.C.Waｔeronitａcｔsaｓalｉfeｓupｐoｒtｉnｇmｅdiuｍ.Ｄ.Ｈyｄｒｏgｅnconsumptionisreｐortedtobeonit.43．Tｈｅexpression"thisformoflｉfｅ"inｐarａgraｐh5refertｏ?A.Waｔer－ｂaｓeｄlｉfe.B.oxyｇen-ｂasedlｉｆe．C.Meｔhane－ｂａsedlife．Ｄ.Liｑｕiｄ-basedmｉｃroorganisms．44.ＩtｃanbｅiｎferｒedfｒomＭarkAlleｎ'saddreｓstｈａtA.ScｉenｔiｓｔsaｒｅｔｒyｉnｇｔｏconfｉrｍtheｓeisｌifeoｎTｉtａｎ.B．Scｉentistsagrｅｅthatacheｍｉcaｌpｒoｃeｓsiｓacｏｎｖincinｇexpｌanatiｏn.C.Scieｎtiｓtssｈａｒethｅoｐinionｔｈatａbiologicａlexpｌanaｔioｎiｓrｅasonaｂlｅ.D.ScientistsａreargｕingoverwhethｅrtheｒeｉslifeoｎTitaｎ.４5.Wｈｉchｏfthｅfolｌowingcａｎreｐlａcethetitｌeofthiｓpassage？A．AｄiffｅｒentLｉfｅFｏrｍ，aPossｉbｉｌitｙ.B.ＥarthｌｉkｅLivingBeiｎgｓFouｎdonTitan.C．FindｉngofＯneＭoｒｅＭoｏnofSaturn's．D.Ｔitan，aNeｗSateｌliteDisｃoｖerｅd.41

Ｄ

根据第一段最后一句：...datａ.．.whiｃｈｐoｉntedtothｅexｉsteｎcｅofｍethanｅ(甲烷）

-ｂaｓedｆormofｌifeonSatｕrｎ'sｂigｇestmoon．42

C

第二、三、四段说明土星上的生命也许靠氢气生存。A主线没有提及，根据第六段最后一句可以看出B正好与事实相反;第五段最后两句指出水不是支撑生命的媒介，所以Ｄ是错误的。４3

C

根据上一段最后一句：．．．ｂｅｃaｕseitｗoｕldrepreｓｅntasecｏndformoｆlifeindeｐendentfromwater-bａsedlifeｏｎEartｈ.这表白A是不对的。根据全文来看,B和D也与本文不符。44

B

本文最后一段中.．.afterallnoｎ－bｉolｏgicalｅxｐｌanatｉｏnｓareadｄresseｄ,．.．aｌotoｆｗorｋtｏdo.．．可以看出,Ｃ和D肯定与MarkAlｌen的话相悖，Ａ没有提到。45

Ａ

全文都在讨论一种也许性。不能肯定外星人就像地球人，因此B不对。C和D也与原文不符。第5部分补全短文VoｉcｅYourOpｉnion:ChaｎgeIsＮeedeｄiｎＹouｔhSpoｒtsＥverywhｅreyoｕloｏk,youｓeekidsboｕnciｎgaｂaskｅtbａllorwavｉngａtennisｒacqueｔ(网球拍）.Andｔhesｅkidsａregettingyouｎgｅranｄyounger.Insoｍｅcountries，childreｎcancomｐeteｏnbaskｅtbalｌ,baseball，ａndvolleybalｌtｅamsstartingaｔaｇeｎｉne.（46)Ａndsｗimmiｎgandgyｍnastｉcｓclassesbeginatageｆoｕr，topｒepａreｃｈildrenｆorcompetiｔｉon.It＇sｔｒuethatafewofｔhesekｉdswillｄeｖｅlｏpintohigｈｌyｓkｉlｌedａtｈleｔesａｎdmａyevｅnｂecomeｍembersoftｈenaｔionalＯlympiｃtｅaｍs.(47)Ｔｈisｅmｐhasisonｃompetitｉｏｎiｎｓportｓｉshavingsｅrioｕsneｇａtiveeffects.Childrenwhｏｇｅｔｉnvｏlｖedinｃomｐetiｔiｖｅsｐoｒtsaｔayoungageoftｅｎｇrowｔｉreｄoftheirspoｒt.Manｙｐarentspｒｅsｓuretheirkiｄstocｈｏｏｓeonespｏrtａndｄeｖotｅalltheirtimetｏｉt.(４8)But66ｐercenｔoｆtｈｅｙoungatｈletｅswaｎtｅdｔｏｐlaymｏｒeｔhanｏnesport-foｒｆｕn.Anotheｒprobｌemistheｐressurｅimpｏｓｅｄbyovｅｒ-competitivepareｎtsandcｏａcｈeｓ.Ｃhildｒenareｎｏtｎaturaｌlycomｐetitivｅ.Ｉnｆaｃt，arecenｔsｔudｙbｙPaｕｌｏDavidfoundｔhａtmｏstchilｄrendｏn'tｅvｅｎundeｒstandtｈeｉdeaofcompetitiｏｎuntｉlｔhｅyareｓeveｎyｅａrsold．(４9)Ｔhethｉrd,andbiggｅst，probｌｅmfｏrｙounｇatｈletesisthｅlackoｆｔｉmetoｄotheirｈｏmework,ｈavｅfuｎ,bｅwｉthfriｅｎｄs－insｈort,tiｍetobekids．Wｈenｔheyarｅｆorｃeｄｔospｅnｄｅveryafｔｅrnoonａtｓpｏrtｓpractiｃe,ｔhｅyoftenstaｒttoｈａtetheircｈosensｐort.Asearｃheｒｓfoｕnｄthat70percentoｆkidsｗhotakeｐartincompｅtitivｅsportｓbeforetheｏftwelvequiｔｂeforetheｙｔurneighｔeen.（50)Eｘcessivｅcｏmpetitｉvｅawayａｌｌthｅeｎｊoyｍｅnｔ.Needtｏｒemeｍbertheｐurposeofyouthsporｔs-togｉｖekidsａchancetohavｅｄevelｏpiｎｇsｔｒong,heａlthybodies.Ａ.Butwhａtabｏutｔheotheｒs,theａvｅｒagｅkidｓ?B．Theyｏuｔhsoccｅrorgａnｉzatｉonhasteａmsｆorchiｌdrｅｎasyoungasfive.Ｃ.Asｕrveｙfoundtｈat79ｐercｅntofpaｒentsｏfｙoｕnｇathleｔeｓwaｎtｅｄｔｈeirchildｒenconceｎｔrａteoｎｏnｅsｐoｒt．Ｄ.Ｖｅｒｙyoungkｉｄｓｄon'tkｎｏwｗｈｙtheirｐarentsａrｅpushingthｅmｓohard.E.Ｓportsｆoｒchｉldrenｈａveｔｗoｉmｐortanｔpurpoｓｅs.F.Manyoｆthemcｏmpｌeｔelｙlosｅiｎｔerｅstinｓportｓ.46

D

注意这个空格前后的句子都是和小孩参与体育竞赛的低龄化有关的，所以这个空格里的句子很有也许还是讲孩子过小就参与到体育竞赛里去。果然，在六个选项中的D就是讲青年足球组织居然有由5岁大的孩子组成的球队。４7

F

前面一句话讲的是这些孩子中也许有部分人会发展成为优秀的运动员，甚至成为国家奥运队的成员,后面一句话在语义上很有也许出现转折，即大部分人却未必如此。选项F句子开头的but恰恰表白了这一期待中的转折。48

A

空格后面的以bｕt开头的句子提供了很好的启示。那句话说的是6６%的小运动员希望参与多种运动项目，所以前面的那句话极有也许说的是和这一句相反的内容,果然,这些孩子父母的想法和他们不同,他们希望自己的孩子专攻一项运动。49

C

前面讲的是小孩天生并没有竞争性,7罗以前他们都不懂什么是竞争，所以太小的孩子不会理解自己的爸爸妈妈为什么要对他们施加那么大的压力。50B

这一段的中心是过早参与到竞技运动中去会使孩子失去爱好,空格前面的一句说的是在１2岁前就参与竞技的孩子中有7０%在1８岁前放弃,接着说“他们中许多人对运动完全失去了爱好（Maｎyｏftheｍｃompleteｌyｌoｓｅｉnterestinsportｓ)”就十分自然、合理。第6部分完形填空ClimateChａngePｏsesMaｊorＲisｋｓｆｏrUnpreparedＣitiesＡneweｘaminationofuｒbaｎpolicieｓhasｂeｅnｃarrｉedｏuｔrecentｌyｂyPatriciaＲoｍｅroLankaｏ.Ｓheisaｓociｏｌogｉｓtspｅcｉaliｚiｎgincliｍaｔechangｅａnd51ｄｅveloｐment.Sｈewarnsthａtmanyoｆtheｗorld'sfａsｔ－growｉｎｇurbａｎaｒｅａs,ｅspeciallyｉnｄｅｖelopｉngｃount