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中国传统文化简介英文TheChineseZodiacandDragon(十二生肖和龙)Clothing(服装)EmperorYanandHuang(炎帝和黄帝)ChineseInventions(中国的发明)FamousChinesePeople(中国的名人)EmperorYanandHuangEmperorHuangandYanChinahasalonghistoryofMorethan5,000yearsofcivilization!TheEmperorYanandHuangareconsideredasourcommonancestors.EmperorHuangandYanEveryyear,ontheTomb-sweepingDay(usuallyonApril5th),thousandsofChinesepeoplecomebackfromallovertheworldtothetomboftheiroldestancestorsinShaanxiprovincetoparticipatetheannualmemorialceremony..ChineseZodiacandDragonChineseZodiac
TheChineseZodiac(生肖)consistsoftwelveanimalsigns,eachrepresentingayearaccordingtothelunarcalendar.Thetwelveanimalsignsare:Rat;Ox;Tiger;Rabbit;Dragon;Snake;Horse;Sheep;Monkey;Chicken;DogandPig.Theorderoftheanimalsisoftenexplainedwithafolk-taleabouthowtheanimalsweresummoned(召唤)toheavenbytheJadeEmperor.Thedragon,astheonlyanimalofthetwelvethatcouldfly,wasexpectedtoarrivefirst.Butthedragon’snatureistobehelpful,andhestoppedtohelpsomevillagersandthentherabbit,sohewasthefifthanimaltoarrivefortheJadeKing'sfeast.
ThisyearistheyearofMonkey!!!WhatisyourChineseZodiac?DragonWealsobelievethatwearethedescendantsoftheDragon.TheimagesofthemythicDragoncanbefoundonmanyobjects.DragonThedragonhasninesons.Theninedragonhavedifferentthemes,andtheyallhavedifferentversionstoo.Oneversionis:The1stsonlovesmusic.TheheadofNumber1sonbecomesadecorationformusicinstrument,suchastwo-stringedbowedviolin(囚牛huqin).The2ndsonlovesfighting.ManydifferenthandlesofweaponshavethesymbolofNumber2son.(睚眦yazi)The3rdsonlovesadventureandkeepingguard.Hehasprestigeandisthesymbolofsafety,harmonyandpeace.(嘲风chaofeng)The4thsonloveshowling.TheimageofNumber4soncanbefoundonthebigbells.Itisasymbolofprotectionandalertness.(蒲牢pulao)The5thsonlovesquietness,sitting,fireandsmoke.Hisimageisoftenfoundintemples,suchasonincenseburners.(狻猊suanni)Dragon
The6thsonhasthepowerofstrength.Helovestocarryheavystufftoshowoffhismagicenergy.Heisasymboloflongevityandgoodluck.(霸下baxia)The7thsonlovestoseekjustice.Chineseliketoapplyhissymbolaroundlaw,court,orjail.(狴犴bigan)The8thsonlovesliterature.Chineseliketoputthe8thsonasasymbolaroundsteles(石碑).Whenusedinthisway,itisasymbolofknowledgeoreducation.(负质fuzhi)The9thsonloveswater.Heisasymboltopreventfiredisasters.(螭吻chiwen)Dragon
DragoninWesternCultureCanyoumakeacomparisonbetweenChineseDragonandWesternDragon?ClothingClothing
Chinesegarmentdesignhasundergoneaverylonghistoryofevolution,therehavebeenalotsofdifferentstyles.Qipao,thetypicalChinesewoman’sdress,wasoriginatedfromManchurianwomen’sgown,andhasbeenremoldedagainandagaintomeetthemoderntaste.Clothing
WhilemosturbanChinesemenandwomenhaveglobalizedtheirdailydressings,someremoteethnicminoritiesstillhavekepttheirbeautifultraditionalgarments.Clothing
SilkisaChineseinvention.Silkisoneoftheoldestknowntextilefibersand,accordingtoChinesetradition,wasusedaslongagoasthe27thcenturyBC.ThesilkwormmothwasoriginallyanativeofChina,andforabout30centuriesthegatheringandweavingofsilkwasasecretprocess,knownonlytotheChinese.Clothing
嫘祖(西陵氏之女)Leizu:thefounderofSericulture.Accordingtosomeancientstory,Leizu,thewifeofEmperorHuang,wasthefirstwomanwhobegintoraisesilkworms.Clothing
ThehistoricaltraderoutebetweenChinaandtheWestwascalledthe“theSilkRoad.”TheSilkRoadwasnotatraderoutethatexistedsolelyforthepurposeoftradinginsilk;manyothercommoditieswerealsotraded,fromgoldandivorytoexoticanimalsandplants.Ofallthepreciousgoodscrossingthisarea,silkwasperhapsthemostremarkableforthepeopleoftheWest.ChineseInventionsChineseInventions
Compassisveryimportantintravelingoutside,andthisisjustagreatinventionofChinese.Thecompasscomposedofamagneticspoonandacopperplatewithorientationmarks.Turnthespoonandletitrunning,whenitstops,thehandleofitwillpointstotheSouth.ChineseInventions
CaiLun(Ts‘aiLun,蔡伦)(?-121),wasaChineseeunuchwholivedaroundAD105oftheEasternHanDynasty.Heistheinventorofpaper.Forpapermaking,hetriedmaterialslikebark,hemp,andevenfishingnet.TheinventionofpaperisagreatcontributiontotheworldmadebyChinesepeople!ChineseInventions
AnothergreatcontributionofChinaisthetechniqueofprinting.Thestereotypingwasappearedin11thcenturyoftheNorthSongDynasty,whichwas300yearsearlierthanGutenberg’stime.WhatisthefouthinventionofChina?FamousChinesePeopleFamousChinesePeople
Confucius(孔子)(circa551-479BC)ConfuciuswasaChineseteacher,editor,politician,andphilosopheroftheSpringandAutumnperiodofChinesehistory.ThephilosophyofConfuciusemphasizedpersonalandgovernmentalmorality,correctnessofsocialrelationships,justiceandsincerity.HisfollowerscompetedsuccessfullywithmanyotherschoolsduringtheHundredSchoolsofThoughteraonlytobesuppressedinfavoroftheLegalistsduringtheQinDynasty.FollowingthevictoryofHanoverChuafterthecollapseofQin,Confucius'sthoughtsreceivedofficialsanctionandwerefurtherdevelopedintoasystemknownasConfucianism.FamousChinesePeople
TheLunYü(Analects),aworkcompiledbysomeofConfucius’disciples,isconsideredtobethemostreliablesourceofinformationabouthislifeandteachings.知者乐水,仁者乐山。知者动,仁者静。知者乐,仁者寿。Thewisemandelightinwater,theGoodmandelightsinmountains.Forthewisemove;buttheGoodstaystill.Thewisearehappy;buttheGood,secure.FamousChinesePeople
QuYuan(屈原)wasaministeroftheStateofChusituatedinpresent-dayHunanandHubeiprovinces,duringtheWarringStatesPeriod(475-221BC).Hewasupright,loyalandhighlyesteemedforhiswisecounselthatbroughtpeaceandprosperitytothestate.However,whenadishonestandcorruptprincevilifiedQu,hewasdisgracedanddismissedfromoffice.Realizingthatthecountrywasnowinthehandsofevilandcorruptofficials,QugrabbedalargestoneandleaptintotheMiluoRiveronthefifthdayofthefifthmonth.Nearbyfishermenrushedovertotryandsavehimbutwereunabletoevenrecoverhisbody.Thereafter,thestatedeclinedandwaseventuallyconqueredbytheStateofQin.FamousChinesePeople
TheDragonBoatFestival,alsocalledtheDuanwuFestival,iscelebratedonthefifthdayofthefifthmonthaccordingtotheChinesecalendar.Forthousandsofyears,thefestivalhasbeenmarkedbyeatingzongziwrappedtoformapyramidusingbambooorreedleaves)andracingdragonboats.Thefestivalisbestknownforitsdragon-boatraces,especiallyinthesouthernprovinceswheretherearemanyriversandlakes.This
regatta
commemoratesthedeathofQuYuan,anhonestministerwhoissaidtohavecommittedsuicidebydrowninghimselfinariver.FamousChinesePeople
NightThoughts(WrittentoMusic)Thebrightmoonshone
beforemybed,Iwondered--
wasitfrostupontheground?Iraisedmyhead
togazeattheclearmoon,Bowedmyhead
rememberingmyoldhome.LiPo/Bai(李白)
(A.D.701–762),thegreatestromanticpoetofChina,TangDynasty静夜思床前明月光,疑是地上霜。举头望明月,低头思故乡。FamousChinesePeople
DreamoftheRedChamber(orTheStoryoftheStone)Thestoryorbitsaroundawealthybutdecliningfamily,theJiaclan,whooccupiestwolargefamilycompoundsinthecapital.ThemaincharactersarethepowerfulfamilymatriarchGrandmotherJia,th
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