初二上下册词法

1.advise(v.)advisesbtodo建议某人去做某事Eg:Iadviseyoutotakeashower.2.WritedownPleasewritedownyourname.Writeitdown.3.EnjoyEnjoyyourselfHeenjoyedhimselfyesterday.EnjoydoingsthIenjoyplayingtennis.4.rememberremembertodosth记得去做某事(未干)

rememberdoingsth记得做过某事（已经做过）5.forgetforgettodosth记得去做某事(未干)

forgetdoingsth记得做过某事（已经做过）6.It’sagoodideatodosth.去干某事是个好主意

It’sagoodideatogofishing.7.Borrowsthfromsb.IborrowedaMP4fromhim.Lendsth.tosb.HelendedmeaMP4.8.hearsbdosth听见某人做某事，强调动作经常发生或动作发生的全过程Iheardhersing.hearsbdoingsth听见某人正在做某事，强调动作正在进行Ihearhersinging.seesbtodosth看见某人做某事seesbdoingsth看见某人正在做某事9.seesbtodosth看见某人做某事

Hesawherhitthatdog.

seesbdoingsth看见某人正在做某事Hesawherhittingthatdog.10.hadbetter

hadbetterdosth.最好做某事Youhadbettertidyupyourroom.hadbetternottodosth.He’dbetternottogotobed.11.few;afew;little;alittlefew可数，little不，有a肯定，无a否1.Thereis_______________breadinmybag,2.Iwanttoeat__________apples.

alittleafewHeoftenhelpshisfriends________(sweep)thefloor.==Heoftenhelpshisfriends___________thefloor.12.helpsbdosth=helpsbwithsth帮助某人做某事Youshouldtry_______(get)thereontime.Theboytries__________(sing)BeijingOpera,buthejustcouldn’tsingwell.13.(1)try(尝试)动词trytodosth努力做某事，其否定式trynottodosth尽量不要做某事trydoingsth尝试去做某事（2）Try（尝试）名词havestry试一试Heleftthepurseatschool.他将钱包忘在了学校。14.将某物遗忘在某处leavesth+地点。不用forgetsth+地点Whynot___________(have)apicnictoday?===Why_______________________picnictoday?15.whydon’tyoudosth=whynotdosth（表建议）为什么不Youshould__________(work)hard.16.youshoulddosth你应该做某事Let_____(they)_______(learn)English.17.let+人称宾格+dosth让某人做某事一。用括号内单词的适当形式填空1.whatabout_________(play)theguitar.2.Ihadatriplastweek.AndIenjoyed_______(I)3.Hefinished_-___________(do)homework.4.Lucyoftenpractice__________(jump)ontheground.5.Myteacheroftenadviseus_________(work)hard.

6.It’sagoodidea________(play)football.7.Sheisill.Sosheshould_________(stay)inbedtwodays.8.Youhadbetter________(remember)eightortenwordsaday.9.Shallwe__________(visit)ourteacher?10.Mybrotherisgoodat________(make)modelplanes.11.Iwasinvited__________(make)aspeech.12.Hedreamedof____________(travel)around.13.Let_______(he)_________(start)aclub.14.Theteacheraskedme________(hand)inhomeworkquickly.15.Weusepenfor____________(write)16.Weusepen__________(write).18.travellaround/roundtheworld环游世界19.staywithsb和某人呆在啊一起20.takeoff起飞，脱下，取消当起飞时，反义词为land(降落)21.enteracompetition参加竞赛

22.alloverChina全中国allovertheworld全世界23.takephotos、takeaphoto拍照24.morethan=over多于lessthan=under少于25.dreamabout/ofdoing梦见干某事

26.giveconcert举办演唱会27.sellout卖光28.beabroad在国外29.cometure实现30.sendsthtosb=sendsbsth给某人看某物twothoustand二千thoustandsof数以前计的Therearefive__________people.hundredB.hundredsC.hundredsofD.hundredofAIsendthiscardtomymother.===Isendmymotherthiscard.31.hundreds/thousands/millions/billionsof数以百计/千计，百万计/亿计。当这些词前有确定的数字修饰时后面不加S。

Thankyoufor____________(help)me.32.thankyou/thanksfordoingsth谢谢做某事Heisas_____________(tall)ashisbrother.Sherunsas_________(fast)asyou.32.as+形容词、副词原型+as像。。。一样helpingtallfastThechildissooldthathecangotoschool.=Thechildisoldenoughtogotoschool.(这孩子年龄大了可以去上学)Thegirlissoafraidthatshecan’tsayaword.=Thegirlistooafraidtosayaword.(女孩太害怕了一句话也不敢说)33.so+形容词、副词原型+that从句（如此….以至于）(1)当that从句是肯定句时====形容词、副词原型+enough+(forsb)+todosth.（如此。。。以至于能做某事）(2)当that从句是否定句时====too+形容词、副词原型+todosth（如此。。。以至于不能做某事）Itwasstilltoodarktoseeanything.=====ItwassodarkthatIcouldn’tseeanything.Heistallenoughtoreachthatcase.===Heissotallthathecanreachthatbox.34词语辨析：“到达”get/reach/arrivegettoBeijing==reachBeijing==arriveinBeijinggethere==reachhere==arriveheregetto+地点名词；get+副词（here/there/home）arrivein+大地点；arriveat+小地点；arrive+副词reach+地点名词、副词35.alone/lonelyTheoldmanlives______,buthedoesn’tfeel____.alone（1）当形容词（单独的，独自的）没有用感情色彩，只做表语（2）当副词（独自地）做状语lonely形容词、副词（孤独的，寂寞的）有感情色彩，做表语和定语Alonelyman一个寂寞的人，用于做定语alonelonely36.none/noone没有一个1.----Howmanystudentsarethere?---_______.2.----Whocananswerthisquestion?---_______.None(没有一个人或物)即可指人又可指物。常与of连用，noneof作主语谓语用单复数都可，如代表不可数名次，谓语只能用单数None用于回答Howmany提问的特殊疑问句。Noone=nobody(没有一个人)只指人。不与of连用。Noone作主语，谓语用单数。Noone用于回答who提问的特殊疑问句NoneNoone36.none/noone没有一个1.----Howmanystudentsarethere?---_______.2.----Whocananswerthisquestion?---_______.Noone=nobody(没有一个人)只指人。不与of连用。Noone作主语，谓语用单数。Noone用于回答who提问的特殊疑问句NoneNoone37.四个“花费”的区别Cost“值得”。sth做主语Thiscomputercostsonethoustand.Payfor“支付“sb.做主语Mr.Blackpaidtenyuanforhisbook.Spend(spent/spent)“花费”sb.做主语Sb.spend(in)doingsth.Sb.spendonsth.Shespendstwohoursindoingherhomework.====Shespendstwohoursonherhomework.takeIt做形式主语，不定式在后面做真正的主语Ittakeshimtwohourstodohishomework.Ittakessb+时间+todosth.Hespentaday________(plant)appletrees.==Hespentaday______appletrees.==___________aday____________appletreesinplantingonIttookhimtoplant38.Until“直到……”(延续性动词，用于进行时）Eg:Heiswaitinghisfriendsuntileighto’clockatnight.not….until“直到……才”(瞬间动词）Eg:Hedidn’tgotobeduntileighto’clock.Sheiseven___________(tall).39.even(副词)甚至，即使。常用来加强语气，可修饰比较级，意为“更加”40..beupto忙于，从事于；达到，胜任；取决于，轮到。。41.thelatestnews最新消息taller42..asksbtodosth要求某人做某事Jackdicided_________(notplay)inthestreet.43.decidedtodosth决定做某事。decidednottodosth决定不做某事nottoplay

44.infact事实上45..geton(well)with与某人相处（融洽）46.退学dropoutofschool47..hearof/about听说；hearfromsb收到某人的来信48.tellsbsth=tellsthtosb告诉某人某事49.lookafter=takecareof照顾

44.事实上45与某人相处（融洽）46.退学47.听说；收到某人的来信48.告诉某人某事49.照顾50.词语辨析:参加takepartin指参加某大型活动并在该活动中发挥一定作用join指加入某一组织或团体或某人的行列joinin指参加小型活动，如游戏，娱乐活动，球赛等attend指参加演讲，学术研讨，会议等51.thesameas与。。。相同

differentfrom与。。不同52.notonly….butalso（不但。。。而且）连接俩个主语时，谓语的单复数就近一致原则，其结构主要强调后一个主语，(=aswellas主要强调前一个主语)NotonlyhebutalsoIamChinese.===IamChineseaswellashe.am（2）Notonly…butalso=both……andBoth…..and做主语，谓语用复数BothheandI________(be)Chinese.are53.朝某人微笑嘲笑某人54.落下，跌倒继续55.开茶话会56.无意的，错误的57.躺在床上58.在白天在夜晚53.smileatsb朝某人微笑laughatsb嘲笑某人54.falldown落下，跌倒goon继续55.haveateaparty开茶话会56.bymistake无意的，错误的

57.lieinbed躺在床上58.duringtheday在白天duringthenight在夜晚59.让某人清静一会休息60.究竟在地球上61.演奏音乐

62.去度假63.因。。。而出作为。。而出名59.givesbabreak让某人清静一会haveabreak/rest休息60.onearth究竟ontheearth在地球上

61.playmusic演奏音乐

62.goonholiday去度假63.befamousfor=bewellknownfor因。。。而出名Befamousas=bewellknownas作为。。而出名59.givesbabreak让某人清静一会haveabreak/rest休息60.onearth究竟ontheearth在地球上61.playmusic演奏音乐

62.goonholiday去度假63.befamousfor=bewellknownfor因。。。而出名Befamousas=bewellknownas作为。。而出名64.because(连词)+句子；becauseof+单词（n/v-ing/代词）65.eight-year-old=eightyearsold八岁（有连字符不需加复数66.get/receiveaneducation接受教育67.raisemoney募捐，筹款68.athomeandabroad国内外69.词语辨析：“穿过”Across指从表面穿过或从一边到另一边Through指从内部穿过，尤指空间Over翻越，指越过一段距离或度过一段时间e.g.Lookcarefullybeforeyougo

across

theroad.Theybuiltabridge

across

theriver.Lightcomesin

through

thewindow.across与through的区别:across意为”穿过,横过”,侧重表面穿过,与on有关;through“穿过,从……中通过”侧重空间穿过,与in有关。.70.词语辨析：“当。。。。。。的时候”(引导时间状语从句)When（1）引导的从句所表示的动作与主句的动作可同时发生，也可先后发生；（2）从句中的动词可是延续性动词，也可瞬间动词Hewenthomewhenschoolwasover.（先后发生）.70.词语辨析：“当。。。。。。的时候”(引导时间状语从句)While（1）引导的从句所表示的动作与主句同时发生。(2)引导的从句中的动词必须是延续性动词IfelttiredwhileIwasdoingmyhomesork.(同时发生)Doing为延续性动词不定代词：SomeoneanyonenobodySomethinganythingnothingSomebodyanybodynoone不定代词做主语，谓语用三单adj.//todo后置定语EacheveryHehasnothingtodo.Iwanttodosomethingimportantforyou.1.在球类，棋类游戏前不加任何冠词playfootball;playbasketball;playchess2.在乐器前面加定冠词theplaythepiano;playtheguitar/violin;usesthfor+n/v-ing用某物作。。。usesthtodosth用某物做某事.71.It’sluckyforsbtodosth（做某事对某人是幸运的）It’sluckyforsb+that从句72.belongto属于。。。It’skindofyoutohelpme.It’simportantforyoutotellhimthetrafficaccident.It’s+adj.{sb.todosth.人性adj.用of;物性adj.用foroffor73.害怕做某事害怕某物74.为某人送行

75.为某人或某事感到骄傲，自豪为做某事感到骄傲，自豪76.直视某人73.beafraidtodosth害怕做某事beafraidofdoingsth害怕干某事beafraidofsth.74.seesboff为某人送行

75.beproudofsb/sth为某人或某事感到骄傲，自豪beproudtodosth为做某事感到骄傲，自豪76.looksbintheeyes直视某人77.生某人的气78.在某人去某地的路上79.做某事很兴奋80.在危险中；脱离危险77.be/getangrywithsb生某人的气78.onone’swayto+地点名词(在某人去某地的路上）onone’sway+地点副词OnhiswaytoBeijing.Onherwayhome79.beexcitedtodosth.做某事很兴奋80.indanger在危险中；outofdanger脱离危险81.Heneedn’t_______(stay)inbedalways.Ineed___________(practise)alot.need(1)当实义动词，意为“需要”needtodosth.需要去做某事needsb/sth需要某人或某事(2)当情态动词，意为“需要”后面接动词原型staytopractise82.Thetreesstopwater______(take)awaysands.阻止某人或某事stop…..(from)doingsth阻止。。以免做某事=prevent…..(from)doingsth.=keep…fromdoingsth.(from不可省略)taking83.对某事感到惊讶对做某事感到惊讶84.越来越。。。。85.“….的象征”86.例如83.besurprisedatsth对某事感到惊讶besurprisedtodosth.对做某事感到惊讶84.“adj.er+and+adj.+er”表示越来越。。。。85.thesymbolfor“….的象征”86.suchas+n./代词/v-ing用于列举同一类人和物中的几个例子==likeforexample“例如”用于列举出同一类人和物中的一个例子。一般用逗号和前后的分开87.砍倒，砍伐88.举个例子来说明89.确保，确信90.以。。。为食91.爱上某人92.最后93.欢迎某人87.cutdown砍倒，砍伐88.giveanexampleof举个例子来说明89.makesure确保，确信90.liveon以。。。为食91.fallinlovewithsb爱上某人92.intheend最后93.giveawelcometosb.欢迎某人94.主动提出做某事95.同意做某事同意某人96.向某人道别94.offertodosth.主动提出做某事95.agreetodosth.同意做某事agreewithsb（同意某人或某事）96.saygoodbyetosb向某人道别97.总是98.关于某事采访某人99.并且，还100.出版，出来，开花，101.占用，占据（时间、空间）102.收集某物103.在。。。。。。的末尾、最后最后，结束97.allthetime==always总是98.givesbaninterviewonsth关于某事采访某人99.aswellas并且，还100.comeout出版，出来，开花，101.takeup占用，占据（时间、空间）102.acollectionofsth收集某物103.attheendof在。。。。。。的末尾、最后attheend最后，结束104.对做某事干兴趣105.一些……另一些……（倆者中）一个……另一个…106.打扫，整理107.在某人的空闲时间108.（不挂断电话）等一下109.立刻，马上104.对做某事干兴趣beinterestedindoingsth===take/showgreatinterestedindoingsth105.some…theothers…一些……另