新概念第三册L8

Lesson8

A

famous

monastery

著名的修道院

Smile

Newwordsandexpression生词和短语monasteryn.寺院，修道院St.

Bernard圣伯纳德passn.关隘watchdogn.看门狗rashlyadv.莽撞地，冒失地enclosuren.围场，圈地monkn.和尚privacyn.清静，隐居skiern.滑雪者skin.滑雪橇vi.滑雪（--go

skiing）Eastern.复活节1.monasteryn.寺院，修道院abbotn.男修道院院长conventn.女修道会,女修道院nunn.修女abbessn.女修道院院长2.rashlyadv.莽撞地，冒失地

boldlyadv.大胆地,显眼地.3.Eastern.复活节at

Easter在复活节at

Christmas在圣诞节at

Thanksgiving在感恩节Switzerland（n.瑞士,欧洲中部国家）metre=meter（n.米,公尺）attempt（vt.尝试,企图）freedom（n.自由,自主）regular（adj.规则的,有秩序的,经常的）minusadj.负的,减的prep.减去n.负数aminusvalue一个负值minusfivedegrees零下五度degreen.度数,度,程度 Questions1.WhataretehSt.Bernarddogsusedfor?2.HowdothesepeoplecrossthePass?3.Whyarethedogskeptinaspecialenclosure?4.Dothemonkspreferthewinterseason?5.Whatarethedogsfreetodoinwinter?6.Dotheystaytherethewholewinterordotheystayonlyatacertaintimes?1.The

Great

St.

Bernard

Pass

connects

Switzerland

to

Italy.St.=saint（n.圣人,圣徒adj.神圣）把...与…连接在一起

connect…to…/join….to…

/link…with…connect...with把...与某事联系在一起--I

can't

connect

the

picture

with

my

friend,Mary.be

connected

with与...有联系--Are

you

connected

with

the

government?2.At

2,473

metres,

it

is

the

highest

mountain

pass

in

Europe.At

2,473

metres（介词短语修饰全句用于句首表示原因、条件或状态）--In

red,she

looks

much

more

beautiful.-At

the

age

of

25,he

is

able.在十五岁的时候,他很能干。-At

one

point

65

metres,he

is

a

little

short.3.The

famous

monastery

of

St.

Bernard,

which

was

founded

in

the

eleventh

century,

lies

abouta

mile

away.found（v.建立,创立）=setup（设立,竖立）=establish（vt.成立，建立）限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句最大的区别：1>非限制性定语从句只是对主句或主句中所出现的某个名词的补充、说明和解释,去掉对主句影响不大。2>限制性定语从句是主句当中不可缺少的一部分。1>who引导的非限制性定语从句主要指人做主语Mr.

Smith

was

a

famous

person

in

American

history.--Mr.

Smith,whodiedonJuly

17that84,was

a

famous

person

in

American

history.--There

were

very

few

passengers,who

escaped

without

serious

injury.（n.伤害）旅客很少,他们都逃出来了,没有受到重伤。There

were

very

few

passengers

who

escaped

without

serious

injury.没有受重伤而逃出来的旅客很少。--The

taxi

drivers,who

knew

about

the

traffic

jam,took

another

road.所有司机都知道堵车的事,都走了别的路。-The

taxi

drivers

who

knew

about

the

traffic

jam

took

another

road,and

others

who

didn't

know

about

the

traffic

jam

still

took

this

heavy

road.得知堵车的司机走了别的路,不知道堵车事件的司机仍然走这条路。2>指代事物在非限制性定语从句当中只能使用which,不用that。--He

lent

me

a

thousand

dollars,which

was

exactly

the

sum

I

needed.3>指代时间when、地点where--He

was

left

on

the

desert

island,where

he

stayed

for

as

long

as

three

weeks.他被留在了荒岛上,在那里他呆了长达三周之久。3.For

hundreds

of

years,

St.

Bernard

dogs

have

saved

the

lives

of

travellers

crossing

the

dangerous

Pass.life（n.生命,生活）lives（life的复数）4.These

friendly

dogs,

which

were

first

brought

from

Asia,

were

used

as

watchdogs

even

inRoman

times.which指代friendly

dogs--The

panda,which

was

brought

from

China,was

used

as

a

symbol

of

friendship.

5.Now

that

a

tunnel

ahs

been

built

through

the

mountains,

the

Pass

is

less

dangerous,

but

each

year,

the

dogs

are

still

sent

out

into

the

snow

whenever

a

traveller

is

in

difficulty.now

that既然1>用做时间连接词,后面通常跟完成式--Now

that

you

have

left

university,you

have

to

find

a

job.2>用做原因连接词时,后面时态不限

--Now

that

you

won't

help

me,I

must

do

the

job

myself.whoever,whatever,whenever,wherever,whichever,however

=no

matter

who/what/when/where/which/how

--You

can

telephone

me

whenever

you

like.无论什么时候你想打电话给我都行。--Whichever

day

you

come,we'll

be

pleased

to

see

you.--Wherever

you

go,I'll

follow

you.--However

busy

you

are,you

must

spare

some

time

to

study

English.6.Despite

the

new

tunnel,

there

are

still

a

few

people

who

rashly

attempt

to

cross

the

Pass

on

foot.despite(介词)=in

spite

of(of是介词)attempt

to

do

something

=try

to

do

something企图做某事There

be结构：There

are

still

a

few

students

studying

English

in

the

classroom.=TherearestillafewstudentswhoarestudyingEnglishintheclassroom.依旧有些学生在教室学习英语。7.During

the

summer

months,

the

monastery

is

very

busy,

for

it

is

visited

by

thousands

of

people

who

cross

the

Pass

in

cars.in

cars=by

car

8.As

there

are

so

many

people

about,

the

dogs

have

to

be

kept

in

a

special

enclosure.about（adv.到处,周围）--Don't

litter

waste

paper

about.不要到处扔废纸。Litter（vt.乱丢,铺草,弄乱）--look

about

到处看/

go

about到处走/run

about到处跑/wander

about到处闲逛keep经常和介词短语、形容词、分词搭配使用,表示使某人或某物处于某种状态。--Keep

him

out./Keep

him

in.（介词）--Do

keep

the

cat

in

the

room.（介词）--I'm

sorry

to

keep

you

waiting.（现在分词）--The

lamb

was

kept

tight

to

a

tree.=Ikeptthelambtighttoatree.lamb（n.小羊,羔羊）/tight（adj.紧的,绷紧的）9.In

winter,

however,

life

at

the

monastery

is

quite

different.quite

the

opposite恰恰相反The

temperature

drops

to

-30°and

very

few

people

attempt

to

cross

the

Pass.The

monks

prefer

winter

to

summer

of

they

have

more

privacy.prefer

A

toB宁愿A也不愿B--I

prefer

reading

to

doing

nothing.我宁愿看书,也不愿什么都不做。--The

boy

prefers

apples

to

bananas.prefer

to

do

sththan

do

sth--He

prefers

to

read

than

do

nothing.我宁愿看书,也不愿什么都不做。10.The

dogs

have

greater

freedom,

too,

for

they

are

allowed

to

wander

outside

their

enclosure.11.The

only

regular

visitors

to

the

monastery

in

winter

are