大三高级英语unit-2-A-Class-Act

Unit2AClassActNote1:P22LearningObjectivesTypeofwritingStructureoftheTextThethemeoftheTextGrammarandVocabularyWritingtechniques(narrativetechniques)—howtocreateavividpictureofone’semotions

TheorganizationofanarrativeBeginning(introduction)Setting,characterThemiddleofthestory(thedevelopmentofthestory)–plot(conflict,climax)Theending(resolution)Warmingupquestions1.Shareyouhighschoolexperiencewiththeclass2.TellthestoryofateacherwhoimpressedyouwithhisorherkindnessTextStructureThewholetextcanbedivided5parts,withthesubtopicforeach.Thefirstpart(Para.1---3)isabouttheauthor’sfamilyandtheirlifeduringthewar;thesecondpart(Para.4---7)describestheauthor’sexperienceofhumiliationintheschool;thethirdpart(Para.8---11)givesanaccountofhowherexcitementaboutafreephotographicportraitsittingtriggersheranticipationoftheoncomingtormentintheschool;

thefourthpart(para.12---15)describeswhatactuallyhappenedlater,whichwasaturningpointintheauthor’slife---insteadofbeinghumiliated,shewaswarmlypraisedandencouragedbyasympatheticteacher;thelastpart(Para.16---17)describestheimmediateimpactofa“warmsentence”bytheteacheranditseverlastinginfluenceontheauthor.AnotherStructure:

1.1-3:author’sfamily&lifeduringWW24-7:herexperienceofhumiliationintheschool2.8-11:excitementVS.torment12-15:warmpraise&encouragement3.16-17:theimmediateimpactandeverlastinginfluenceonherIntensiveStudy(Para.1-3)ThesethreeparagraphsgiveabriefdescriptionofthehardconditionsinWWII,andhowtheauthor’sparentsmanagetosupportthefamilyandwhattheydofortheirchildren.Notethatthelastsentenceofthe3rdparagraphpavesthewayforthewholestory.Para.1blitz(n.v.):v.:toattackaplacewithbombsdroppedfromaircraft用闪电战空袭（或毁坏）

theBlitz（single）：theGermanairattacksonBritainin1940.

1940年德国对英国的空袭。Manchester：曼彻斯特（英格兰西北部城市）rife:adj.（sth.badorunpleasant)verycommonorfrequent普遍的；盛行的rifewithsth.:fullofsthbadorunpleasant充斥，充满（坏事）Eg:LosAngelesisrifewithgossipabouttheatrats’privatelives.pawnshop:当铺pawn:n.抵押物v.当掉…timeweretough,moneywasshort,anxietywasrifeandthepawnshopwasfamiliardestinationformanyfamiliar,includingmine.Lifewashard.Everyonewasshortofmoney.Theywerecaughtupinendlessworries.Manyfamiliesoftenwenttothepawnshoptopawnthethingstheyhadforalittlemoney,andthefamilywasnoexception.Para.2

enterprising:adj.:havingorshowingtheabilitytothinkofnewprojectsornewwaysofdoingthings有事业心的、有进取心的，有创业精神的

egs.anenterprisingpersonn.

enterprise

①–事业心，进取心

amanofenterprise

②acompany/business公司，企业，事业单位

state-ownedenterprise国有企业

smallandmedium-sizedenterprise中小型企业YetIcouldnothaveaskedformoreenterprisingandoptimisticparents.:However,Ihadthemostadaptableandoptimisticparentsintheworld.“bucketloadsofcheer”:

lotsofjoysturdy:adjnoteasilyinfluencedorchangedbyotherpeople坚决的，坚定的；eg:asturdydefenceofthegovernment‘sposition坚决维护政府立场strongandnoteasilydamaged结实的，坚固的；eg:asturdyparisofshoots一双结实的靴子（peopleandanimals,ortheirbodies人,动物或身体)physicallystrongandhealthy强壮的，健壮的

eg:amanofsturdybuild体格健壮的男人ingenious:

adj.someonewhoisingeniousisverygoodatinventingthingsoratthinkingofnewideas有独创性的，心灵手巧的;机灵的ingenuity:n.“…couldturnhishandtoalmostanything：

wascapableofdoingalmostanything”bout:n.aboxingorwrestlingmatch拳击或摔跤比赛，回合，较量“Heeven….tomakeendsmeet.”：Note2meticulous:payingcarefulattentiontoeverydetail极仔细的;一丝不苟的ameticulousplan周密的计划;meticulousrecords详细的记录;meticulouslyclean一尘不染attire:

n.(formal)clothesEg:dressedinformaleveningattire;

formalattire礼服

splendidattire盛装；华丽的服饰attired：adj.(notbeforenoun,formalorliterary)dressedinaparticularway，dressed穿着…衣服spotless:

adj.perfectlyclean非常干净的；无可挑剔的，无瑕疵的QUESTIONinPara.2QUESTIONSWhatdoestheauthormeanby“yetIcouldnothaveaskedformoreenterprisingandoptimisticparents”?Myparentwerethemostenterprisingandoptimisticonesonecouldexpecttofind.Theauthorthinksthatherparentsdidalltheycouldtosupportthefamilywiththeirhardwork,ingenuityandthrift,sothefamilycouldhave“bucketloadsofcheer.”Para.3

howtounderstand“myclotheswereironedtoaknife-edge,andshoespolishedtoagleam”rhetorically,toaknife-edge,andtoagleamarehyperboles(exaggeration)meaningmyclotheswereironedtoadegreethatitlookslikeaknife-edgeandmyshoeswerepolisheduntiltheygleamed“noteveryitemwasstandardschooluniformissue.”:Note3Someofmyclothesweredifferentformthestandardschooluniformwhichthestudentsererequiredtowear.scrimp:v.

tospendverylittlemoneyonthethingsUneedtolive,esp.sothatUcanspendonsthelse省吃俭用、节衣缩食Theyscrimped

andsavedtogivethechildrenagoodeducation.为了让孩子接受良好的教育，他们省吃俭用。gear:

n.(informal)clotheseg:wearthelatestgear

穿着最新款式的衣服prescribed:adj.demandedv.prescriben.prescription:处方，药方；计划，建议，秘诀eg:aprescriptionforhappiness增进幸福的秘诀scribe—scription—scriptivedescribe：v.描述，描写prescribe：v.开药方;规定subscribe：提交，订阅ascribe：归因于circumscribe：v.限制conscribe:征兵blazer:atypeofjacket,oftenwiththesymbolofaschoolororganizationsewnonthefrontpocketandwornasapartofauniform

BritishSchooluniformWhileMomhadscrimpedandsavedtoobtainmostofthegear,Istilldidn’thavetheprescribedblueblazerandhatband.ThoughMomhadtriedtospendaslittlemoneyaspossibleinordertobuysomeoftheclothesrequiredbytheschool,shestillcouldn’taffordtheblueblazerandhatband.QUESTIONinPara.3QUESTIONWhydoestheauthorstillhavesomethingtroubleinherschool?Becausetheauthor’sparentswerenotabletobuythe“blueblazerandhatband”requiredbytheschool.IntensiveStudy(Para.4-5)Theauthor’stroubleintheschoolispartlydescribedinthesetwoparagraphs.ReadPara4&5andanswerthefollowingQ:1.Whydoestheheadmistressmakeithermissiontoteachtheauthoralesson?2.Howwastheauthorpunishedatschool?Para.4rationing:n.asystemoflimitingaamountofsth.thateachpersonisallowedtohave.

定量配给，限额配给wartimerationing

战时定量配给rationingofgoods

商品配给制ration:

n.afixedamountoffood,fuel,etc配给量v.[ofenpassive]rationsbtosthThevillagerswererationedtotwolitersofwateraday.rationout

应按配额给定地We'llhavetorationoutthewater.我们得将水按定额配给。“inplace”:appropriate,suitable;适当的，合适的cf.“outofplace’’

relax:v.tomakearule/lawlessstrictTwoweeksafterthepolicerelaxedsecurityattheairports,therewasabombattack.relaxacurfew(宵禁)relaxone’seffortn.relaxationBecauseofthewar,rationingwasinplaceandmostschoolshadrelaxedtheirattitudetowardsproperuniformsknowinghowharditwastoobtainclothes.：Becauseofthewar,thegovernmentimplementedasystemoflimitingtheamountofalmosteverythingthateachpersonwasallowedtohave,andmostschoolshadsubjectedtheirstudentstolessrigiddresscodes,becausetheywerefullyawarethatitwasnoteasyforthestudentstogettheproperclothes.deputyheadmistress:副校长（女）assembly:

n.agatheringinaschoolofseveralclassesforagroupactivity

assemblevAllthestudentswereaskedtoassembleinthemainhall.“…madeithermissiontoteachmealesson”…assumedthatitwasherdutyto…(notetheauthor’sresentmentforthedeputyheadmistress)Para.5comply（with）:

v.toactaccordingtoanorder/ruleegs.Thefactorywasclosedforfailingtocomplywithgovernmentsafetyregulations.工厂由于未能遵守政府的安全条例而被关闭了。

Therulemustbecompliedwith.

这条规则必须遵守。n.

complianceincompliancewith

DespitemyattemptsatexplainingwhyIcouldn’tcomply…:EventhoughItriedmybesttoexplainwhyIwasunabletomeettheschool’sclothingrequirements…“…ashiningexample”:Rhetoricallythatisirony.Thephraseactuallymeans“averybadexample.”QUESTIONHowdoesthedeputyheadmistressteachtheauthoralesson?Thedeputyheadmistressmakesithermissiontoteachtheauthoralessonfornotcomplyingwiththeschoolregulations.Inthedailyassemblyshewouldpullheroutoflineandmakeherstandonthestageasabadexample.Para.6bar:oingsomewhere,toforbidsth.禁止，阻拦Thegovernmenthasactedtobar

thiskindoftobaccobarsbfromdoing

TheincidentledtohimbeingbarredfromplayingforEngland.n.条，棒；酒吧；障碍abarofchocolate一块巧克力bebehindbars在押，在监狱服刑，坐牢adore:

v.(fml)tolovesbverymuch(infml)tolikesth.verymuchegs.Itisobviousthatsheadoreshim. Iabsolutelyadorechocolate.adorable:adj.可爱的，讨人喜欢的anadorablechildadoring:adj.爱慕的，敬慕的；崇拜的

heradoringgrandmother

她慈爱的祖母adoration:n.热爱，敬慕，崇拜egs.Hegazedatherwithpureadoration.

...whichIadored.“：

whichIlikedverymuch

Mypunishmentalsoextendedtobeingbarredfromthegymteamtonottakingpartintheweeklyballroomdancingclasses,whichIadored.:Mypunishmentdidnotendthere.Iwasnotallowedtojointhegymteamortoattendtheweeklyballroomdancingclasses,whichIlovedverymuch.horrid:adj.unpleasantorunkind;nasty讨厌的，无情的，令人不愉快的QUESTION：Whatmadethesituationevenworsefortheauthor?Thesituationbecameevenworsewhentheauthorwasbarredformthegymteamortheweeklyballroomdancingclasswhichshelovessomuch.Para.7seethrough:看透，识破seesbthrough帮助度过(experience/suffer)seesththrough

坚持完成，进行到底Hewasaprisonerofwarforfiveyears,buthiscouragesawhimthrough.Wewillseeyouthroughuntilyoufinishyourcollegeeducation.Isawtheprojectthroughandthenresigned.Wecanseethroughyourlittlegame.“…buttoseethepunishmentthrough”.:…buttogothroughthepunishmentHowever,inmy12year-oldmindIhadnochoicebuttoseethepunishmentthrough…

However,Iwasonlya12-year-oldgirl.IthoughtIhadnoalternativebuttogothroughthepunishment.

well-meaning:wantingtohaveagoodeffect,butnotalwaysachievingone善意的，好心的speakupforsb:tosaysthtosupport/defendsb为辩护，替讲好话spokeupforme:toexpressheropinionpubliclyformeblinkered:

adj.narrow-minded,unwillingtounderstandotherpeople心胸狭隘的，思路狭窄的hard-nosed:practicalanddetermined讲究实际的；顽固的，不讲情面的mortify：v.makesbfeelveryashamed/embarrassed使难堪；使感屈辱，使羞愧

Eg:Shewasmortifiedtorealizethathehadheardeverywordshesaid.n.mortificationadj.mortifying

eg:

How

mortifying

tohavetoapologizetohim!要向他道歉，多难为情啊！indignant:

adj.feelingorshowingangerorsurprisebecauseyouthinkyouhavebeentreatedunfairly愤慨的，愤怒的，义愤的Heavyforbid:note5onthewarpath:angryandlikelytoargueorpunish:盛怒，大发雷霆，（怒不可遏）准备开火/作战"...hewouldhaveinstantlybeenonthewarpathinmydefense.“...hewouldhavegotveryangryandwantedtofightimmediatelyinordertoprotectme.QUESTIONSinPara6-7

1.Whycouldtheauthornottellhermotheraboutherhumiliationintheschool?Becauseshedidnotwanttoruntheriskofhermothercomingtotheschoolandbeinghurtbythatunfeelingteacher.Andifhermothertoldherfatheraboutit,hewouldhavegotveryangryandevenwantedtofightwiththeschoolauthoritiesinordertoprotecther.2.ConclusionofParagraphs6-7

Thesetwoparagraphsdescribehowtheauthorfeelsaboutthispunishment-“battlebacktears,”“embarrassed,”“desperatewish…”,“thishorridschool,”“ritualhumiliation,”“buttoseethepunishmentthrough.”Para.8-11:thephotographicportraitsittingQ:

Howdidtheauthorfeelabouttheportraitsitting?PickoutthewordsrevealingherfeelingsThefreephotographicportraitsittingstirredmixedfeelingsintheauthor.Ontheonehand,shewasbesideherselfwithexcitement;ontheotherhand,shewasawareoftheupcomingtormentshefacedbecauseofherdress(eventhoughitwasherbestdress).Para.8“…forafreephotographicportraitsitting.”:

Note6bebesideoneself:

ifyouarebesideyourselfwithaparticularfeeling,itissostrongthatitmakesyoualmostoutofcontrol.忘乎所以，得意忘形

eg:Whenshepassedtheexamatlastshewasbesideherself

withjoy.Hewasbesidehimself

withragewhenItoldhimwhatIhavedone.fuel：v.toincreasesth/tomakeitstronger增加，加强，刺激eg:Highersalarieshelpedtofuelinflation工资提高刺激通货膨胀。Thechairman’sspeechfuelledspeculationthatheisabouttoresign.temptress:n.awomanwhotriestosexuallyattractman“…myimaginationfuelledbyglamorousshotsofthepopularHollywoodtemptresses.”:IwasveryexcitedwhenIimaginedmyselfinattractivepictureslikethoseoffamousactressesinHollywood.“shots”---snapshots(快照),photos.Para.9trimmed:

adj.ifclothesandotherclothitemsaretrimmed,theyaredecorated,especiallyaroundtheedges.torment：sth.orsomeonethatcausesgreatsufferingorannoyance痛苦，苦恼ShehadnohintofthetormentIfaced.SheknewnothingaboutthepunishmentIsufferedintheschoolPara.10Heavy-hearted,Idraggedmyselftoschool…

Iwalkedslowlyandunwillinglytoschoolwithaverysadfeeling.dragsb/sthintosth；dragsth/sbin:trytogetsbinvolvedinasituationwhoisnotconnectedwithit.硬把…扯进去,硬让毫无关系的人卷入Eg:Don’tdragthechildrenintoourargument.emerald:

n.abrightgreencolorn.绿宝石，翡翠；[宝]祖母绿；翠绿色adj.翡翠的；翠绿色的“…anemeraldgreentargetinaseaofblue.”

…mygreendressmademeevenmoreconspicuousamongtheblueschooluniformstrudge:

towalkveryslowlywitheffort步履艰难地行走Eg:Hetrudgedthelasttwomilestothetown.Themantrudgedupthehill,ladenwithsupplies.ofmyownaccord:ifyoudosthofyourownaccord,youdoitwithoutbeingaskedtodoit.自愿地，主动地eg.Thesymptomswillclearupoftheirownaccordafterafewdays.beady：

smallandbright,especiallylikeabird’seye小圆珠般而亮晶晶的；机警的Ishallcertainlykeepabeadyeyeonhisbehavior我一定会时刻睁大眼睛提防他的行为Question：Whydidtheauthorwalktothestageofherownaccord?Becauseherpastexperiencestoldherthatsuchritualpunishmentwouldoccuranyway.Payattentiontothewordsthatrevealtheauthor’sfeelings---“heavy-hearted,”dragged,”“trudged.”Para.11umpteenth：adj.(infml)verymanyfortheumpteenthtime:manytimesI’vetoldthisstoryumpteentimes.Idrankmy

umpteenth

cupofcoffee.“…lookpastmyclothes…”

…overlook/ignoremyclothesIwonderedforumpteenthtimewhytheunfeelingteachercouldn’tlookpastmyclothesforonce……Iwondered,likewhathadhappenedmany,manytimesbefore,whytheunsympatheticteachercouldn'toverlookmyclothesforonce…Question：Whydidtheauthorfeelsofrustrated?Becauseshesimplycouldnotunderstandwhythoseunsympatheticteacherscouldnotseethatshewasactuallyanobedientgirlwhowaseagertoparticipateinalltheactivitiesdespiteherclothes.SummaryPara.10-11Thesetwoparagraphsdescribewhathappenswhentheauthorgoestoschoolinhergreendress.Shegoestothestageevenwithoutbeingrequestedtoreceivetheroutinehumiliationandfrustrating“sniggersoftheothergirlsandthebeadyeyesofthedeputyhead”---andyearnstobeunderstood.Para.12consolev.—tomakesbwhoissadordisappointedfeelbetterbygivingthemcomfortorsympathy安慰，慰藉Itriedtoconsoleherwithaboxofchocolate.n.consolation“IcouldatleastlosemyselfinCharlesDickens’ATaleofTwoCitiesforawhile.”IcouldatleastforgetthehumiliationforawhilebyreadingCharlesDickens’ATaleofTwoCposure

n.:thestateofbeingcalmandincontrolofyourfeelings/behavior沉着，镇静

tokeep/lose/regain/recoveryour～:保持/失去/恢复～eg.Youmayfeelnervous,butdon’tloseyou～

infrontofher. Herecoveredhiscomposure.他恢复了平静。

poseIconsoledmyselfthatIcouldatleastlosemyselfinCharlesDickens’ATaleofTwoCitiesforawhileatthebackoftheclasstorecoverandregainmycomposure.:IcheeredmyselfupbythinkingthatIcouldatleastescapeformtheeverydayrealityintothefantasyworldofATaleofTwoCitiesrecreatedbyCharlesDickensforawhileatthebackoftheclasstocalmmyselfdownandtogetbackmyself-control.blinkbacktears—shuttingandopeningone’seyesfrequentlyinordertogetridoftears眨着眼睛忍住泪水Thephraseissimilarto“battlebacktears”inPara.6Question：WhatdoestheauthormeanbylastsentenceinPara.12?—ThissentencesuggeststhattheauthorwasbeginningtosuspectthatMissMcVeehadjoinedotherteachersbecauseshe“orderedher”tocomeandsitinthefrontrow,directlybeforeher.TheauthorprobablythoughtthatMissMcVeewasgoingtopunishherforwhatshewaswearing.Para13downcast:

adj.ifsomeone’seyesaredowncast,theyarelookingdown低垂的dejection:n.afeelingofunhappiness/disappointment忧郁,沮丧dejectedadj.unhappy/disappointedHeleftindejection.他垂头丧气地走了。singleout:挑选出Jamiewasthrilledwhentheteachersingledouthispoemandaskedhimtoreaditout.

…IhadalwaystriedmyhardestnottoshowhowmiserableIwasatbeingsingledouttimeaftertime.:IhadalwaystriedmybesttohidemymiserablefeelingwhenIwaspickedoutbytheteachersasatargetofcriticismandhumiliationagainandagain.Paragraph14cockherheadtooneside:头侧向一边

cockone’sears：竖起耳朵

cockone’seyes：使眼色cameoutwith：说出；发表；出版；供应，把…投入市场Youdocomeoutwithsomegoodideassometimes!Iaskedoneinnocentquestionandhecameoutwithallthisabuse!mean-spirited:

narrow-minded,unkind气量小的；心胸狭窄的；卑鄙的"themean-spiritedplace":theuncaringanddisagreeableplace(referringtotheschool)AndthenshecameoutwiththemostwelcomesentenceIhadeverheardatthatmean-spiritedplace.

AndthensuddenlysheutteredthemostagreeablesentenceIhadeverheardatthatdishonorableschool.Paragraph15dreary:dull,tedious,dismal,gloomy,monotonous沉闷的，枯燥的”…thebrightestandloveliestsightinthisentiredrearyschool”

“…brightestandloveliestthingorpersonthatIseeinthewholedullandboringschoolIamonlysorrythatIshallhavethepleasureoflookingatyouforjustonelessonandnottheentireday.

IonlyregretthatIcanenjoylookingatyouforjustonelesson

andnotthewholeday.TranslationofPara.15亲爱的，我宣布，在这个沉闷的学校中，你是穿得最亮丽最可爱的女孩。遗憾的是我只有一堂课欣赏你，而不是一整天。...你漂亮可爱的着装是这个单调乏味的学校里一道风景线。看到你使人感到愉悦，遗憾的是...SummaryofParagraphs14-15

Totheauthor’ssurprise,MissMcVeedidnotdoanythingtohumiliateher.Insteadsheuttered“themostwelcomesentence”theauthorhadeverheardintheschool.Thewords(Para.15)byMissMcVeeexertaprofoundinfluenceontheauthor.

Para.16thaw:

n.v.融化,解冻Theicethawedinthesun.冰在阳光下融化。Itthawedearlylastspring.去年春天解冻得很早。athawinEast-Westrelations东西方关系的解冻Whydoestheauthorsaythat"Theblockoficethatwasmyyoungheartthawedinstantly"?—Impliesthatherhearthadbeenfrozenbytheumpteen/endlesscoldhumiliationsandthatshe