unit5 一般现在时态的被动语态 讲解与练习 人教版九年级英语全册

Unit5一般现在时的被动语态语态是动词的一种形式，用于说明主语和谓语之间的关系。英语中的语态有两种：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是谓语动词所表示的动作的执行者；被动语态表示主语是谓语动词所表示的动作的承受者。被动语态中的执行者可由介词by引出。

Lots

of

students

love

this

English

song.

很多学生都喜欢这首英文歌。(主动语态，句子的主语Lots

of

students是动作love的执行者)

This

English

song

is

loved

by

lots

of

students.这首英文歌被很多学生喜欢。(被动语态，句子的主语This

Englishsong是动作love的承受者)

考点1一般现在时的被动语态的构成

被动语态由"be动词+及物动词的过去分词"构成，其中的be动词有人称、数和时态的变化。一般现在时的被动语态的各种句式如下：句式结构例句肯定句主语+am/is/are+及物动词的过去分词(+其他).Thetaskis

finished

by

them

together.这个任务是由他们一起完成的。否定句主语+am/is/are+not+及物动词的过去分词(+其他).Thesebooksarenotsoldverywell.这些书销售的并不好。一般疑问句Am/Is/Are+主语+及物动词的过去分词(+其他)？IsthesatellitesentbyChina?卫星是由中国发射的吗？考点2主动语态变被动语态的方法

把主动语态的句子转换为被动语态的句子，需遵循以下几个步骤：先找出谓语动词；再找出谓语动词后的宾语；把宾语用作被动语态句子的主语(宾语若是人称代词，须将宾格变为主格)；再将主动句中的主语置于介词by之后(若是人称代词，须将主格变为宾格)；注意人称、时态和数等的变化。

ThestudentsplanttreeseveryApril.

TreesareplantedbythestudentseveryApril.(注意：某些动词后面可以加双宾语，一个是表示人的间接宾语，另一个是表示物的直接宾语。这时在改为被动语态时，可以将间接宾语改为主语；也可将直接宾语改为主语，不过这时应该在间接宾语前加上介词to或for。

Eg.Judy’sfatheralwaysbuysJudygifts.→Judyisalwaysboughtgiftsbyherfather.(主语为间接宾语)→GiftsarealwaysboughtforJudybyherfatherwhenhegoesonabusinesstrip.（主语为直接宾语）考点3一些关于被动语态的特殊情况happen,rise,

appear,come

out,

take

place等没有被动语态。由于不及物动词不能直接带宾语，所以只有在不及物动词后面加上介词或副词构成动词短语之后，才能用于被动语态中。在变为被动语态时，不可丢掉动词短语的介词或副词。

He

picked

up

anIDcard

from

the

floor.

→An

IDcard

was

picked

up

from

the

floor

by

him.她从地上捡起一个钱包。在主动语态的句子中，感官动词和使役动词后面接省略to的动词不定式在变为被动语态时，还原to。Thebossalwaysmakestheworkerswork18hoursaday.Theworkersarealwaysmadebythebosstowork18hoursaday.在英语中，某些主动句式可以表达被动的含义：在worth,need，want,require等动词后往往用动名词的主动形式表达被动含义。Thisnewnovelisworthreading.这部新小说值得一读。Theoldradioneedsrepairing.这台就收音机需要被修理一下。某些表示主语的内在“品质”或”性能”的不及物动词，如

sell，wash，read，clean等，在主语为物时，用主动形式表示被动含义。

This

book

sells

well.这书卖得很好。成果反馈:—China

is

getting

stronger

and

stronger.

—Yes.

So

Chinese

by

more

andmoreforeigners.

A.

learn

B.

learned

C.

is

learned

D.

was

learnedHangzhou

as

the

City

of

Silk.

Tourists

like

shopping

for

silk

there.

A.

knows

B.

is

known

C.

was

known

D.

will

be

knownAbaby's

first

month

birthday

isaspecialeventinChina

and

with

a

special

party.

A.

is

celebrated

B.

is

celebrating

C.

was

celebrated

D.

celebrates—Yourclassroom

looks

so

clean

and

tidy.

--It______every

day.cleansB.is

cleaned

C.cleaned

D.wascleanedThe

Chinesetraditional

poems________to

spreadby

popular

singers.

A.is

singing

B.are

singing

C.is

sung

D.are

sung—Doyouknow

the

famous

artist

in

red?

—Sure.

He

to

theartfestival

in

our

city

every

year.

A.invites

B.invited

C.is

invited

D.was

invitedThe

weatherreporter

says

a

heavyrain

________

this

afternoon

inthe

south.

A.expects

B.expected

C.is

expected

D.was

expectedA

newhighspeedrailwaystation_________inthecitynextpletesB.is

completedC.will

complete

D.will

be

completed

—Let’sgotheschoolconcertthisevening.—I’mafraidnot.I’llneedtwohoursbeforemybookreport______.hasfinishedB.finishedC.willbefinishedD.isfinished10.—______freebreakfasts______inyourcity?—Notreally.Onlyintheruralareas.Are;madeB.Are;servedC.