商务英语中级BEC考试阅读解题步骤及押题训练

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第八课时

PARTTHREE

Questions13-18

lReadthearticlebelowaboutmanagingasmallbusinessandthequestionsontheoppositepage.

lForeachquestion13-18,markoneletterA,B,CorDonyourAnswerSheet,fortheansweryouchoose.

TheDifficultiesOfManagingASmallBusiness

RonaldMeersaskswhochiefexecutivesofentrepreneurialor

smallbusinessescanturntoforadvice.

"Theorganisationalweaknessesthatentrepreneurshavetodealwitheverydaywouldcausethemanagersofamaturecompanytopanic,'AndrewBiddenwroterecentlyinBostonBusinessReview.Thisseemstosuggestthattheleadersofentrepreneurialorsmallbusinessesmustbeunlikeothermanagers,ortheproblemsfacedbysuchleadersmustbethesubjectofaspecialisedbodyofwisdom,orpossiblyboth.Unfortunately,neitheristrue.Notmuchworthreadingaboutmanagingtheentrepreneurialorsmallbusinesshasbeenwritten,andtheleadersofsuchbusinessesaremadeoffleshandblood,liketherestofus.

Furthermore,littlehasbeendonetoaddresstheaspectsofentrepreneurialorsmallbusinessesthataresodifficulttodealwithandsodifferentfromthechallengesfacedbymanagementinbigbusiness.Inpartthisisbecausethoseinvolvedingatheringexpertiseaboutbusinessandinsellingadvicetobusinesseshavehistoricallybeenmoreinterestedintheneedsofbigbusiness.Inpart,intheUKatleast,itisalsobecausesmallbusinesseshavealwayspreferredtoadapttochangingcircumstances.

Theorganisationalproblemsofentrepreneurialorsmallbusinessesarethusforcedupontheinpidualswholeadthem.Evenmoresothanforbiggerbusinesses,theoldsayingistruethatpeople,particularlythosewhomaketheimportantdecisions,areabusinesssmostimportantasset.Theresearchthatdoesexistshowsthatneithermoneynortheabilitytoaccessmoreofitisthemajorfactordetermininggrowth.Themainreasonanentrepreneurialbusinessstopsgrowingisthelackofmanagementandleadershipresourceavailabletothebusinesswhenitmatters.Giveanentrepreneuranexperienced,skilledteamandheorshewillfindthefundseverytime.Gettingtheteam,though,isthedifficultbit.

Partoftheproblemforentrepreneursisthespeedofchangethataffectstheirbusinesses.Theyhavetocopewithcontinuouschangeyethavealwaysbeensuspiciousaboutthelatest"managementsolution'.Theyregardthemanyofferingsfrombusinessschoolsasoutofdateevenbeforetheyleavetheplanningboardandhavelittlefaithintherecommendationsofconsultantswhentheyarriveinthehandsofyoung.,inexperiencedgraduates.Butsuchimpatiencewith"managementsolutions'doesnotmeanthatproblemscanbelefttosolvethemselves.However,theleadersofgrowingbusinessesarestillleftwiththeproblemofwhototurntoforadvice.

Theanswerishorriblysimple:leadersofsmallbusinessescanaskeachother.Thecollectiveknowledgeofagroupofleaderscanproveenormouslyhelpfulinsolvingthespecificproblemsofinpiduals.Oneleadersproblemshavecertainlybeensolvedalreadybysomeoneelse.ThereisanorganisationcalledKITEwhichenablesthoseresponsibleforsmallbusinessestomeet.Itsmembers,allofwhomarechiefexecutives,gothroughademandingselectionprocess,andthenjoinasmallgroupofotherchiefexecutives.Theycomefromarangeofbusinesssectorsandeachoffersadifferentcorporatehistory.Eachgroupisledbya"moderator',anindependentlyselectedbusinessmanorwomanwhohasbeenspeciallytrainedtoheadthegroup.Eachmembertakesitinturntohostameetingathisorherbusinesspremisesand,mostimportantofall,groupdiscussionsarekeptstrictlyconfidential.Thisencouragesafreesharingofproblemsandincreasethepossibilityofsolutionsbeingdiscovered.

13.Whatdoesthewritersayaboutentrepreneursinthefirstparagraph?

A.Itiswrongtoassumethattheyaredifferentfromothermanagers.

B.Theproblemstheyhavetocopewitharespecifictosmallbusinesses.

C.Theyfinditdifficulttoattractstaffwithsufficientexpertise.

D.Theycouldlearnfromtheorganisationalskillsofmanagersinlargecompanies.

14.Accordingtothesecondparagraph,whathasledtoalackofsupportforentrepreneurs?

A.Entrepreneurshavealwayspreferredtoactindependently.

B.Therequirementsofbigbusinesseshavealwaystakenpriority.

C.Itisdifficulttofindsolutionstotheproblemsfacedbyentrepreneurs.

D.Entrepreneursarereluctanttoprovideinformationabouttheirbusinesses.

15.Whatdoesthewritersayabouttheexpansionofsmallbusinesses?

A.Manysmallbusinessesdonotproduceenoughprofitstofinancegrowth.

B.Manyemployeesinsmallbusinesseshaveproblemsworkingaspartofateam.

C.Beingabletorecruittherightpeopleisthemostimportantfactoraffectinggrowth.

D.Leadersofsmallbusinesseslacktheexperiencetomaketheircompaniesasuccess.

16.Whatdoesthewritersayisanadditionalproblemforentrepreneursinthefourthparagraph?

A.Theyrelyonmanagementsystemsthatareoutofdate.

B.Theywillnotadoptmeasuresthatprovidelong-termsolutions.

C.Theyhavelittleconfidenceinthebusinessadvicethatisavailable.

D.Theydonottakemarketchangesintoaccountwhendrawingupbusinessplans.

17.WhatdoesthewritersaythemembersoftheKITEorganisationprovide?

A.Advicenohowtoselectsuitablestaff.

B.Ameansofcontactingpotentialclients.

C.Asimplechecklistforanalyzingproblems.

D.Directexperienceofanumberofindustries.

18.ThewritersaysthatKITEgroupsarelikelytosucceedbecause

A.membersareabletoelecttheirleader.

B.theleadershavereceivedextensivetraining.

C.membersareencouragedtoadoptacriticalapproach.

D.informationisnotpassedontonon-members

PARTFOUR

Questions21-35

lReadthetextbelow,whichgivesadviceaboutjobinterviews.

lChoosethebestworkfromA,B,CorDontheoppositepagetofilleachgap.

lForeachquestion21-35,markoneletterA,B,CorDonyourAnswerSheet.

InterviewSuccess

Example:

ANFerguson

Example:

A.faultyB.wrongC.incorrectD.inadequate

Example:ABCD■□□□

21.

A.

know

B.

distinguish

C.

understand

D.

recognise

22.

A.

packaging

B.

layer

C.

parcel

D.

envelope

23.

A.

point

B.

fact

C.

honesty

D.

detail

24.

A.

worth

B.

goodness

C.

quality

D.

grade

25.

A.

meet

B.

supply

C.

present

D.

give

26.

A.

straight