Lesson 24 A skeleton in the cupboard 课文翻译和知识点- 新概念英语第三册

Lesson24Askeletoninthecupboard“家丑”Listentothetapethenanswerthequestionbelow.听录音，然后回答以下问题。WhowasSebastian?Weoftenreadinnovelshowaseeminglyrespectablepersonorfamilyhassometerriblesecretwhichhasbeenconcealedfromstrangersforyears.TheEnglishlanguagepossessesavividsayingtodescribethissortofsituation.Theterriblesecretiscalled'askeletoninthecupboard'.Atsomedramaticmomentinthestory,theterriblesecretbecomesknownandareputationisruined.Thereader'shairstandsonendwhenhereadsinthefinalpagesofthenovelthattheheroineadearoldladywhohadalwaysbeensokindtoeverybody,had,inheryouth,poisonedeveryoneofherfivehusbands.Itisallverywellforsuchthingstooccurinfiction.Tovaryingdegrees,weallhavesecretswhichwedonotwantevenourclosestfriendstolearn,butfewofushaveskeletonsinthecupboard.TheonlypersonIknowwhohasaskeletoninthecupboardisGeorgeCarlton,andheisverypoundofthefact.Georgestudiedmedicineinhisyouth.Insteadofbecomingadoctor,however,hebecameasuccessfulwriterofdetectivestories.IoncespendanuncomfortableweekendwhichIshallneverforgetathishouse.Georgeshowedmetotheguestroomwhich,hesaid,wasrarelyused.Hetoldmetounpackmythingsandthencomedowntodinner.AfterIhadstackedmyshirtsandunderclothesintwoemptydrawers,IdecidedtohangoneofthetowsuitsIhadbroughtwithmeinthecupboard.IopenedthecupboarddoorandthenstoodinfrontoftwosuitsIhadbroughtwithmeinthecupboard.IopenedthecupboarddoorandthenstoodinfrontofitsuitsIhadbroughtwithmeinthecupboard.Iopenedthecupboarddoorandthenstoodinfrontofitpetrified.Askeletonwasdanglingbeforemyeyes.Thesuddenmovementofthedoormadeitswayslightlyanditgavemetheimpressionthatitwasabouttoleapoutatme.Droppingmysuit,IdasheddownstairstotellGeorge.Thiswasworsethan"aterriblesecret';thiswasareadskeleton!ButGeorgewasunsympathetic.'Oh,that,'hesaidwithasmileasifheweretalkingaboutanoldfriend.'That'sSebastian.YouforgetthatIwasamedicalstudentonceuponatime.'参考译文在小说中，我们经常读到一个表面上受人尊重的人物或家庭，却有着某种多年不为人所知的骇人听闻的秘密。英语中有一个生动的说法来形容这种情况。惊人的秘密称作“柜中骷髅”。在小说的某个戏剧性时刻，可怕的秘密泄漏出来，接着便是某人的声誉扫地。当读者到小说最后几页了解到书中女主人公，那位一向待大家很好的可爱的老妇人年轻时一连毒死了她的5个丈夫时，不禁会毛骨悚然。这种事发生在小说中是无可非议的。尽管我们人人都有各种大小秘密。连最亲密的朋友都不愿让他们知道，但我们当中极少有人有柜中骷髅。我所认识的唯一的在柜中藏骷嵝的人便是乔治.卡尔顿，他甚至引以为自豪。乔治年轻时学过医，然而，他后来没当上医生，却成了一位成功的侦探小说作家。有一次，我在他家里度周末，过得很不愉快。这事我永远不会忘记。乔治把我领进客房，说这间很少使用。他让我打开行装后下楼吃饭。我将衬衫、内衣放进两个空抽屉里，然后我想把随身带来的两套西服中的一套挂到大衣柜里去。我打开柜门，站在柜门前一下惊呆了。一具骷髅悬挂在眼前，由于柜门突然打开，它也随之轻微摇晃起来，让我觉得它好像马上要跳出柜门朝我扑过来似的。我扔下西服冲下楼去告诉乔治。这是比“骇人听闻的秘密”更加惊人的东西，这是一具真正的骷髅啊!但乔治却无动于衷。“噢，是它呀!他笑着说道，俨然在谈论一位老朋友。“那是塞巴斯蒂安。你忘了我以前是学医的了。”一、单词讲解Newwordsandexpressionsskeleton['skelətn]n.骷髅seemingly['si:miŋli]adv.表面上地respectable[ris'pektəbl]adj.体面的，雅观的conceal[kən'si:l]v.隐藏；隐瞒vivid['vivid]adj.生动的dramatic[drə'mætik]adj.令人激动的，扣人心弦的ruin[ruin]v.毁坏heroine['herəuin]n.女主人公fiction['fikʃən]n.小说varying['vɛəriŋ]adj.不同的medicine['medisn]n.医学guestroom[ˈɡestrum]n.（家庭中的）来客住房unpack[ʌn'pæk]vt.（从箱中）取出stack[stæk]v.（整齐地）堆放，排放underclothes['ʌndəkləuðz]n．内衣drawer['drɔ:ə]n.抽屉petrify['petrifai]v.使惊呆dangle['dæŋgl]v.悬挂sway[swei]v.摇摆unsympathetic[ʌnsimpə'θetik]adj.不表同情的，无动于衷的medical['medikl]adj.医学的skeletonn.骷髅askeletoninthecupboard（柜中的骷髅）家丑/ashamefulfamilysecretaterriblesecret丑闻awalkingskeleton形容人骨瘦如柴/alivingskeletonreducetoaskeleton瘦成这样！skeletonkey:akeymadetounlockmanylocks万能钥匙panacea万灵丹，灵丹妙药Almightyking全能的国王seemingadj.表面的aseemingfriendaseeminggood-temperedman看上去好脾气的人aseemingsincerityseemingly看上去好像eg.Futureisseeminglypromisingbutactuallydesolate.seemlyadj.大方的，得体的eg.Keepseemlymannerswhilehavedinners.respectableadj.1)体面的，雅观的arespectablefamilylookrespectable2)goodandsatisfactory令人满意的，好的arespectableincomeaconsiderableincomeahandsomeincomerespectfuladj.berespectfulto尊敬berespectfultooldpeopleberespectfultothetraditionrespectiveadj.各自的eg.Thetwofriendssaidgoodbyeandwenttheirrespectiveways.两个朋友道别之后各自上路了。respectn./v.loveandrespect尊重和爱戴payrespecttosb对某人表示敬意payone’slastrespectsto:togoone’sfuneralconcealv.tohidesthcarefully（主观的）隐瞒，掩盖concealasecret对某人掩饰一个秘密concealfeelingsfromsb.对某人掩饰情感concealone’ssmile掩饰笑容concealintentions掩饰目的concealthefact掩盖真相lieaboutone’sage隐瞒年龄hidev.（应用范围较conceal广）conceal后多跟抽象名词，但hide也适用。eg.Let’shidefrommommy.藏起来不要让妈妈找到。hideone’sdepression掩饰失意hideone’sembarrassment掩饰窘迫，尴尬eg.Thesunwashiddenbytheclouds.太阳被云彩遮住了。eg.Thetreeshidethedeerfromview.小鹿被树木挡住看不见了。vividadj.栩栩如生，活灵活现的vividmemories鲜活的记忆vividdreams生动的梦vividdescriptions栩栩如生的描写vividimage活生生的形象vividrecord生动的记载drama戏剧，戏曲dramaschool戏曲学校aTVdrama电视剧apoeticdrama诗剧dramaticadj.戏剧性的，巨大的，显著的thedramaticchange戏剧性的变化thedramaticmoment戏剧性的时刻thedramaticscene戏剧性的情景operan.音乐剧，歌剧soapopera肥皂剧Pekingopera京剧grandopera严肃剧heron.英雄/男主人公anationalhero民族英雄warhero战争英雄（作战英勇的战士）heroinen.女英雄/女主人公heroinn.海洛因morphine吗啡opiumn.鸦片OpiumWarI第一次鸦片战争marijuana[mæriˈwɑ:nə]印度大麻anesthesia麻醉药mercy-killing安乐死/euthanasian.drugaddict吸毒成瘾的人/drugtakerfictionn.小说（集合）（虚构的）noveln.虚构的长篇小说alongwrittenstoryinwhichthecharactersandeventsareusuallyimaginarystoryn.forentertainmentdetectivestory侦探小说aromanticandsentimentalstory言情小说epicn.史诗Homer’sepic“Iliad”and“Odyssey”ChineseOdyssey:大话西游poetry诗歌biography传记talen.虚构的且生动的故事astoryofimaginaryeventsespeciallyofanexcitingkindfairytale神话故事ATaleofTwoCities双城记ATaleofThreeWarringKingdoms三国演义saga北欧英雄（传说）；英雄故事fablen.寓言故事Aesop’sFablesvaryv.相异，不同varyinprice/quality/sizetovaryingdegrees在不同程度上toacertainextent在某种程度上tosomeextent在某种程度上eg.Thetwinswerebroughtupindifferentfamiliesandachievedvaryingdegreesofsuccessrespectively.两个双胞胎兄弟被不同的家庭抚养长大各自在不同程度上取得了成功。eg.Thepriceoffruitvarywiththeseasons.水果的价格随季节变动。rangefromsthtosthelsepricesrangefrom…to…价格（在一定范围内变动）levelsrangefrom…to…水平（在一定范围内变动）temperaturesrangefrom…to…温度（在一定范围内变动）variousadj.（强调多样性）不同的differentadj.（强调差异）不同的variableadj.多变的variablemind多变的心stackv.整齐的排放stackthebooksontheshelfstackup把…堆积起来pileup（不是很整齐的）eg.Thecarspiledupinthetraffic.heapup（杂乱地）堆放stackn.堆astackofsth/stacksofstheg.Ihavestacksofworkwaitingtobedone.我有一大堆的事要做。stacksofmoney一大堆钱apileofbooks/pilesofwork一大堆话heapsof(time)许多时间underclothes内衣under在…下面的underfootundergroundunderseaunderpopulated人口稀少的underdeveloped欠发达的undersized尺寸不够over-在…上面的overalls工作服overcoat防寒服overseas海外的petrifyv.1）tochangewood,treesintostonesoveralongperiodoftime使石化petrifiedwood/forest石林2）tomakesbtoofrightenedtomove吓得不能动弹eg.Seeingaskeleton,Istoodpetrified.（stand作半系动词的时，表示“保持，维持”）bescaredoutofone’swits吓得魂不附体makeone’sfleshcrawl起了一身鸡皮疙瘩/havegoosefleshmakeone’shairstandonend吓的毛骨悚然Thebloodrunscold.吓得血都凉了。/Thebloodturnstoice.danglev.轻晃tohangorswinglooselyeg.Idanglemyfeetinclearbluewater.我在清澈的水中荡着双脚。eg.Hesatonthetabledanglinghisleg.danglesthinfrontofsb(tooffersthgoodtosbinordertopersuadehimtodosth)吊胃口，逗弄eg.Thepromiseofanicecreamconewasdangledinfrontofthelittlegirl,asarewardforsleeping.小女孩被许诺说只要睡觉就会得到一个冰淇淋蛋卷。droopv.下垂tohangorbenddownwardseg.Theseflowersarethirstyforwater;theybegantodroopheadsinthesun.swing:tomovebackwardsandforwards（前后）摆动swingarms摇臂swingfrom…to…发生转变tochangequicklytotheoppositeeg.Thesadnewsmadehimswingsuddenlyfromgreatjoytocompletedespair.这个坏消息使他从幸福跌入到彻底的绝望当中去。swayv.1）tomoveslowlyfromonesidetoanother（从一边到另一边）摆动eg.Willowsareswayinggentlyinthebreeze.2)toinfluencesbwhohasnotyetdecidedaboutsthsothattheychangetheiropinion.使动摇eg.Hisdeterminationswayedbythedifficultieswaitinginfront.他的决心被眼前的困难动摇了。unsympathetic无动于衷的notunderstandingsomeoneelse’sproblemsandnotgivingthemanyhelpsympatheticadj.富含同情心的besympatheticto/towards对…表达同情eg.Wearesympathetictotheirunfortunateexperience.sympathyn.havesympathyforsbfeelsympathyforsbeg.Allofherneighborsfeelalotofsympathyforthepoorwindowwhobroughtup5kidsonherown.邻居们对那个独自一人养大五个儿女的寡妇表示深深的同情。offersympathy表示同情sympathyletter慰问信（安抚信）二、课文讲解Weoftenreadinnovelshowaseeminglyrespectablepersonorfamilyhassometerriblesecretwhichhasbeenconcealedfromstrangersforyears.Weoftenread…terriblesecret…eg.Weoftenheardhowaseeminglyaffectionateyoungcoupleinfacthadquarreledalotinprivate.我们经常听到对看上去十分恩爱的年轻夫妻如何私下里互相争吵。terriblesecret不可告人的秘密tradesecret商业秘密secretsorrow难言之隐thesecretofsuccess成功的秘诀thesecretoflonglife-span长寿秘诀TheEnglishlanguagepossessesavividsayingtodescribethissortofsituation.TheregoesafamoussayinginEnglishthat…英文有句俗话Asthevividsayinggoes…有句话说得好eg.Asthevividsayinggoes,"simpleoutside,complexinside."possessv.toownorhavesthespeciallysthvaluable,important,illegaloranabilityeg.Thekingpossessesaconsiderabledegreeofautonomy.这个国王相当独裁。what(onearth)possessedyoutodosomething?(usedtosaythatyoucannotunderstandwhysomeonedidsthstupid)到底是怎么回事（鬼迷心窍）eg.Whatpossessedyoutotrusthimagainafterherevealedyoursecret?Theterriblesecretiscalled'askeletoninthecupboard'.Atsomedramaticmomentinthestory,theterriblesecretbecomesknownandareputationisruined.…theterriblesecretbecomesknownandareputationisruined.Areputationisruined名誉扫地eg.Areputationbegantocrumble.eg.Thefamilyishumiliated.家族蒙羞（toloserespect）eg.Thecountrywhichistakencompletepossessionbyitsenemyismortified.(tofeelashamed)eg.disgraceoneself丢了自己的脸Thereader'shairstandsonendwhenhereadsinthefinalpagesofthenovelthattheheroine,adearoldladywhohadalwaysbeensokindtoeverybody,had,inheryouth,poisonedeveryoneofherfivehusbands.Thereader'shairstandsonendwhenhereadsinthefinalpagesofthenovelthattheheroine,adearoldlady…Theheroine的同位语是adearoldladyeg.Oneofthemajorproblems,housing,remainsunsolved.eg.Mr.white,chairmanofthecommittee,deniedhavinganyrelationswithmafia.…adearoldladywhohadalwaysbeensokindtoeverybody,had,inheryouth…inheryouthwhenshewasyounginone’stwentiesinone’sthirtiestheteens十来岁的孩子teenager(between13and19)adolescent（处于青春期期间）年轻人minor(法：under18)未成年人juvenile青少年的juvenilecrime青少年犯罪juveniledelinquency青少年不良行为Itisallverywellforsuchthingstooccurinfiction.Itiswell(andgood)…usedtosaythatyouacceptorapproveofonepartofasituationorthingbutnotofanotherpart用来表示不满或不那么同意，好是很好，可是；…是不妨事的，可是…eg.Itisallverywelltosaythat,butwhatcanIdo?你说的倒好听，叫我怎么办？eg.ItisallverywellforsuchthingstooccurinAmericathatpeoplemayhaveseveralmarriages,butit’snotthecaseforChinese.在美国人们可能会有数次婚姻，对他们来说可能是不碍事的，但中国人可不是。Tovaryingdegrees,weallhavesecretswhichwedonotwantevenourclosestfriendstolearn,butfewofushaveskeletonsinthecupboard.but语篇标识词，表明事实TheonlypersonIknowwhohasaskeletoninthecupboardisGeorgeCarlton,andheisveryproudofthefact.…andheisveryproudofthefact.beproudof对…感到骄傲eg.Iamproudofyou!我为你感到骄傲！takeprideinsth感到骄傲/showprideinsth/feelprideinstheg.Themothertakesprideinherson!putone’sprideinpocket夹着尾巴做人pridev.prideoneselfonsth为自己…很得意（骄傲）eg.Theyoungwriterprideshimselfonhisvirginpiece.asproudasapeacock(peacock:孔雀)Georgestudiedmedicineinhisyouth.Insteadofbecomingadoctor,however,hebecameasuccessfulwriterofdetectivestories.Insteadofbecomingadoctor,however…insteadof往往表示出一正一反，肯定一个，否定一个，而在insteadof后面的往往是被事实否定的。eg.Theheavyrain,insteadofbringinganygoodasexpected,causedalotofharmtothecrops.那场大雨非但没给带来什么好处，反而造成了极大的灾害。eg.Takingexerciseseverydaymakeshimlookyoungerinsteadofolder.每天锻炼身体使他显得年轻而不见老。IoncespentanuncomfortableweekendwhichIshallneverforgetathishouse.Georgeshowedmetotheguestroomwhich,hesaid,wasrarelyused.Hetoldmetounpackmythingsandthencomedowntodinner.AfterIhadstackedmyshirtsandunderclothesintwoemptydrawers,IdecidedtohangoneofthetwosuitsIhadbroughtwithmeinthecupboard.Iopenedthecupboarddoorandthenstoodinfrontofitpetrified.Askeletonwasdanglingbeforemyeyes.Thesuddenmovementofthedoormadeitswayslightlyanditgavemetheimpressionthatitwasabouttoleapoutatme.…anditgavemetheimpressionthatitwasabouttoleapoutatme.Itgavemetheimpressionthatitleavesmetheimpressionthatbeundertheimpressionthat:wronglybelievethatsthisafactbecauseofthewaythesituationseems.误以为，好像…eg.Wivesarealwaysundertheimpressionthattheirhusbandcanputthingsrightwhenevertheygowrong.妻子们总是认为他们的丈夫总能在东西坏了的时候把它们修好。beundertheillusionbeunderthedelusion妄想着…eg.Marywasundertheillusionthatmarriagecanchangeherhusbandforthebetter.Mary总幻想着婚姻会使她丈夫变得好一点。…itgavemetheimpressionthatitwasabouttoleapoutatme.Itwasabouttoleapoutatme1)beabouttodosth（说话）就要，眼看就要eg.Don’tgooutnow-we’reabouttohavelunch.eg.Theyareabouttoleavechinaforhome.他们就要离开中国回国了。2）notabouttodosth不愿意eg.I’mnotabouttopay30dollarsforadresslikethat.…itgavemetheimpressionthatitwasabouttoleapoutatme.leapv.tojumpforwardlookbeforeyouleap三思而后行leapatachanceleapatanopportunity（急切地）抓住一个机会hop,step,jump三级跳单脚跳，空中走步，纵身一跃jobhopper跳槽者leapv.tojumpforwardleapyear润年（Ithappensevery4years,whenFebruaryhas29daysinsteadof28）commonyear平年byleapsandbounds突飞猛进eg.HisGermanisimprovingbyleapsandbounds.Droppingmysuit,IdasheddownstairstotellGeorge.Thiswasworsethan'aterriblesecret';thiswasarealskeleton!ButGeorgewasunsympathetic.'Oh,that,'hesaidwithasmileasifheweretalkingaboutanoldfriend.'That'sSebastian.YouforgetthatIwasamedicalstudentonceuponatime.'‘That’sSebastian…’Sebastian即为saintSebastian,罗马基督教殉道者，早期基督教徒，罗马军官，他引导士兵信奉基督教，皇帝发现后命令用乱箭射死，侥幸不死，后被乱棒打死。他经常出现在文艺复兴时期的绘画中。这里说话人将医科学生所用的人体骨骼比作绘画中常用的人物，是一种暗喻的修辞手法。三、Review1.TheEnglishlanguagepossessesavividsayingtodescribethissortofsituation.TheregoesafamoussayinginEnglishthat…英文有句俗话Asthevividsayinggoes…有句话说得好eg.Asthevividsayinggoes,”simpleoutside,complexinside”possessv.eg.Thekingpossessesaconsiderabledegreeofautonomy.这个国王相当独裁。what(onearth)possessedyoutodosomething?到底是怎么回事（鬼迷心窍）eg.Whatpossessedyouto