2022届高考高三高英语真题阅读词汇精讲No.16 2018年全国一卷完形填空

No.162018年全国一卷完形填空Step1.做题前背单词扫盲second[ˈsekənd]n.秒num.第二;a.第二的secondhand['sekənd'hænd]n.二手货;旧货credit[ˈkredɪt]n.赊购;赊欠;(从银行借的)借款;贷款;(借钱偿还的)信誉，信用;学分v.(给银行账户)存入金额;把…记入贷方;贷记(银行账户);认为是…的功劳;把…归于;认为…有dollar

['dɒlə]n.元（美国、加拿大、澳大利亚等国货币单位）cent

[sent]n.美分（100cents=1dollar）chess

[tʃes]n.棋appeal

[əˈpiːl]v.上诉,申诉,吸引力grandmaster美[ˈgrændˈmæstər]n.特级大师kind[kaɪnd]n.种;类a.善良,友好的kind-hearted[kaɪnd-'hɑ:tid]a.好心的kindness[ˈkaɪndnɪs]n.仁慈；善良former[ˈfɔːmə]a.以前的，从前的；（两者之中的）前者graduate[ˈɡrædjʊət]v.毕业graduation[grædʒʊ'eɪʃ(ə)n]n.毕业，毕业典礼teach(taught,taught)[tiːtʃ]v.教书,教teacher

[ˈtiːtʃə]n.教师，教员game

[ɡeɪm]n.游戏；运动；比赛earn[ɜːn]vt.挣得,赚得criterion(pl.criteria)[kraɪˈtɪərɪən]n.衡量标准,准则,原则，尺度write[raɪt](wrote,written)v.写，书写；写作，著述rewrite

[riːˈraɪt]vt.重写paper[ˈpeɪpə]n.纸；报纸；论文paperwork[ˈpeɪpəwɜːk]n.文书工作lesson[ˈles(ə)n]n.课；功课；教训ten

[ten]num.十absolute[ˈæbsəluːt]a.完全的,全部的,绝对的single[ˈsɪŋɡl]a.单一的，单个的situation[sɪtjʊˈeɪʃ(ə)n]n.形势，情况option[ˈɒpʃn]n.可选择的事物;选择;选择权;选择的自由;选修课;(未来的)买卖选择权vt.得到或获准进行选择;调动球员optional[ˈɒpʃən(ə)l]a.可选择的，选修的ring(rang,rung)[rɪŋ]v.（钟、铃等）响;打电话n.电话,铃声；环形物（如环、圈、戒指等）journalist[ˈdʒɜːnəlɪzt]n.记者，新闻工作者putforward[pʊtˈfɔːwəd]提出（计划、建议、名字）;推荐jump[dʒʌmp]n.跳跃；跳变v.跳跃；惊起；猛扑tryout[traɪaʊt]试验;测验turndown[tɜːndaʊn]拒绝（某人或其请求、提议等）;关小;调低compete

[kəmˈpiːt]vi.比赛,竞赛competition

[kɒmpəˈtɪʃ(ə)n]n.比赛,竞赛competitor

[kəmˈpetɪtə]n.竞赛者,比赛者instructor[ɪnˈstrʌktə(r)]n.教练;导师;(大学)讲师instruct[ɪnˈstrʌkt]vt.通知；指示；教instruction[ɪnˈstrʌkʃ(ə)n]n.说明,须知;教导demand

[dɪˈmɑːnd]vt.要求rare[reə]a.罕见的，稀有的interview[ˈɪntəvjuː]n.&vt.采访,会见,面试challenge

[ˈtʃælɪndʒ]n.挑战(性)challenging

[ˈtʃælɪndʒɪŋ]a.具有挑战性的beat(beat,beaten)[biːt]v.敲打；跳动；打赢n.（音乐）节拍chance

[tʃɑːns]n.机会,可能性qualification[kwɒlɪfɪˈkeɪʃ(ə)n]n.资格，学历qualify[ˈkwɒlɪfaɪ]v.取得资格(或学历);合格;使合格;使具备资格;有权，使有权(做某事)honour(美honor)['ɒnə]n.荣誉，光荣vt.尊敬，给予荣誉skip

[skɪp]v.蹦蹦跳跳；跳绳observe[əbˈzɜːv]v.观察，监视，观测expose

[ɪkˈspəʊz]vt.揭露，暴露apply[əˈplaɪ]v.申请，使用;应用;compare

[kəmˈpeə]vt.比较,对照eventually[ɪˈventjʊəlɪ]ad.最终地directly[dəˈrektli]adv.直接地;径直地;坦率地;正;正好地;恰好;立即;立刻conj.一…就…direct

[dɪˈrekt]a./vt.直接的；直达的；直截了当的指挥；指导；监督；管理；指挥（演奏）；导演（电影）direction

[dɪˈrekʃ(ə)n]n.方向；方位director

[dɪˈrektə]n.所长,处长,主任;董事;导演presentation[prezənˈteɪʃ(ə)n]n.演示，演出question[ˈkwestʃ(ə)n]vt.询问n.问题questionnaire[kwestʃəˈneə]n.调查表，问卷调查manner[ˈmænə]n.方式，态度，举止tablemanners[ˈteɪblˈmænəz]餐桌礼节，grade[ɡreɪd]n.等级；（中小学的）学年；成绩，分数impress[ɪmˈpres]vt.留下极深的印象impression[ɪmˈpreʃ(ə)n]n.印象，感觉comment

[ˈkɒment]n.评论analyze[ˈænəlaɪz]v.分析；（分析）研究；分解；解析describe

[dɪˈskraɪb]vt.描写,叙述rebuild[riːˈbɪld]vt.重建announce

[əˈnaʊns]vt.宣布,宣告announcement

[əˈnaʊnsmənt]n.通告,通知signal

[ˈsɪɡn(ə)l]n.信号，暗号block

[blɒk]n.大块；（木、石等）块；街区；路障vt.阻塞；阻挡desire

[dɪˈzaɪə]vt.&n.要求；期望behave

[bɪˈheɪv]v.守规矩,行为behaviour/bɪ`heɪvjər/=behaviorn.行为,举止Step2.背过单词后做题阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Duringmysecondyearatthecitycollege，Iwastoldthattheeducationdepartmentwasofferinga"free"course,calledThinkingChess,forthreecredits.I41theideaoftakingtheclassbecause，afterall,whodoesn'twantto42afewdollars?Morethanthat,I'dalwayswantedtolearnchess.And,evenifIweren’t43enoughaboutfreecredits,newsaboutour44wasappealingenoughtome.Hewasaninternationalgrandmaster,which45Iwouldbelearningfromoneofthegame's46.Icouldhardlywaitto47him.MauriceAshleywaskindandsmart,aformergraduatereturningtoteach,andthis48wasnogameforhim:hemeantbusiness.Inhisintroduction,hemadeit49thatourcreditswouldbehard-earned.Inorderto50theclass,amongothercriteria,wehadtowriteapaperonhowweplanto51whatwewouldlearninclasstoourfutureprofessionsand,52,toourlives.ImanagedtogetanAinthat53andlearnedlifelessonsthathaveservedmewellbeyondthe54.TenyearsaftermychessclasswithAshley,I'mstillputtingtousewhathe55me:“Theabsolutemostimportant56thatyoulearnwhenyouplaychessishowtomakegood57.Oneverysinglemoveyouhaveto58asituation,processwhatyouropponent(对手）isdoingand59thebestmovefromamongallyouroptions.”Thesewordsstillringtruetodayinmy60asajournalist.41.A.putforward B.jumpedat C.triedoutD.turneddown42.A.waste B.earnC.saveD.pay43.A.excited B.worried C.moved D.tired44.A.title B.competitor C.textbook D.instructor45.A.urged B.demanded C.held D.meant46.A.fastest B.easiest C.best D.rarest47.A.interviewB.meet C.challenge D.beat48.A.chance B.qualification C.honor D.job49.A.realB.perfectC.clearD.possible50.A.attend B.pass C.skip D.observe51.A.add B.expose C.apply D.compare52.A.eventually B.naturallyC.directlyD.normally53.A.game B.presentation C.course D.experiment54.A.criterion B.classroom C.department D.situation55.A.taught B.wrote C.questioned D.promised56.A.fact B.step C.manner D.skill57.A.grades B.decisions C.impressions D.comments58.A.analyze B.describe C.rebuild D.control59.A.announce B.signal C.block D.evaluate60.A.role B.desire C.concern D.behavior答案41-45BCADD46-50CBDCB51-55CACBA56-60DBADAStep3.对全文进行书面翻译