人教版英语八年级下unit2讲解与练习

人教版英语八年级下unit2讲解与练习人教版英语八年级下unit2讲解与练习人教版英语八年级下unit2讲解与练习资料仅供参考文件编号：2022年4月人教版英语八年级下unit2讲解与练习版本号：A修改号：1页次：1.0审核：批准:发布日期：Unit2I’llhelptocleanupthecityparks.SectionA1.Youshouldhelptocleanupthecityparks.Cleanup意为“彻底打扫；清除”，是“动词+副词”结构的短语动词，后面跟名词作宾格时，名词放在up前后均可，后面跟代词作宾格时，代词应当放在up前面。e.g.Heoftenhelpsparentscleanuptheroomsonweekends.2.Thegirlcouldvisitthesickkidsinthehospitaltocheerthemup.Cheerup意为“变得更高兴，振奋起来”，是“动词+副词”结构的短语，cheerup既可以作及物动词短语，也可以作不及物动词短语e.g.HecheeredupatoncewhenIagreedtohelphim.Cheerup!Thenewsisn’ttoobad.Hetookhertothecinematocheerherup.【拓展】1）cheer作不及物动词，意为“欢呼；喝彩”e.g.Thegirlscheeredasthefamoussingerarrived.2)cheer作及物动词，意为“为···欢呼，高呼”e.g.Thewholevillageturnedouttocheerthehero3)cheer作可数名词，意为“欢呼声，喝彩声”e.g.Wecanhearthecheersofstudentsoutsidethegym.4)cheeron意为“为···加油”e.g.Wewillhaveabasketballgamethisafternoon.Wouldyouliketocomeandcheeruson？【现学现练】Hefailedinthemathtestandlookssad.Let’s_______A.puthimupB.sethimupC.cheerhimupD.cleanhimup3.Theboycouldgiveoutfoodatthefoodbank.Giveout意为“散发，分发”，相当于“handout”，是“动词+副词”的短语动词e.g.Canyougiveoutthedrinksout,please?【拓展】Giveout的不同含义：1）giveout表示“发出（光、热、声音、气味等）e.g.Thesungivesoutlightandheattotheearth.2)giveout表示“用完，耗尽”e.g.Ourfoodsuppliesbegantogiveout.4.Thegirlcouldvolunteerinanafter-schoolstudyprogramtoteachkids.Volunteer动词，意为“志愿做，义务做”，后可跟名词、代词或动词不定式作宾语e.g.Jennyvolunteeredtocleanuptheroomafterparty.【拓展】Volunteer作可数名词，意为“志愿者”e.g.CanIhaveavolunteertocollecttheglasses?5.Wecan’tputoffmakingaplanPutoff意为“推迟”，是“动词+副词”的短语动词，其后可跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语e.g.Theyputoffthematchbecauseoftheheavyrain.Pleasedon’tputoffdoingyourhomework.Neverputofftilltomorrowwhatyoucandotoday.【拓展】由put构成的常见短语有：Putaway将···收起来puton穿上；上演putdown放下；记下Putout熄灭；伸出putback放回原处putup张贴；搭建6.Let’smakesomenotices,tooNotice此处作可数名词，意为“公告牌；通告；布告”e.g.Thereisanoticeonthewall,saying“NoParking”I’llputupanoticeaboutthemeeting.【拓展】1）notice作不可数名词，意为“注意”e.g.Takenoticeofwhattheysay.2)notice作动词，意为“注意到，留心，看到”e.g.DidyounoticeJackcomein7.TheytoldmestoriesaboutthepastandhowthingsusedtobeUsedto意为“过去···，曾经···”，后跟动词原形，表示“过去常常做某事”，指表示过去和现在的对比，暗指现在已经不存在的动作或状态e.g.Heusedtoworkinthehospital.Hedidn’tusetowalkaftersupper.【拓展】1)beusedtodosth.意为“被用于做某事”，不定式表目的e.g.Thebookisusedtoteachushowtowrite.2)beusedfor+n./v.ing表示“被用于···”e.g.Astampisusedforsendingletters.3)get/beusedtodoingsth.e.g.Heisusedtoeatingoutallthetime.8.Yeah,alotofoldpeoplearelonely.Lonely是形容词，充当表语，指“孤独的”，用于人时，表示一种心理状态，突出内心孤独寂寞的感觉，侧重缺少同伴友谊而感到孤独、寂寞。含忧郁之意。e.g.Hefeltverylonelywithouthisfriends.9.···giveupseveralhourseachweektohelpothers.Several作形容词，意为“几个，数个”，修饰可数名词复数e.g.Severaldayslater,Grandmacametothelibrarytoborrowsomebooks.【拓展】Several作代词，意为“几个，数个”e.g.Excuseme,haveyougotanybooksaboutsports?---Yes,we’vegotseveral.Severalofuswentthere.10.IgetsuchastrongfeelingofsatisfactionwhenIseetheanimalgetbetterandthelookofjoyontheirowner’sfaces.1)Feeling在此用作可数名词，意为“感觉；感触”e.g.I’vegotabadfeeling.Itwasagreatfeelingwhenawildanimalshowsyouaffection.Feel还可用作连系动词，意为“觉得，感觉到”e.g.Ifeltverytiredafterrunning.2)satisfaction为不可数名词，意为“满意，满足”，其反义词是dissatisfaction.e.g.Shesmiledinsatisfaction.【拓展】Satisfaction（名词，满意）----satisfy（动词，使满意）----satisfied（形容词，满意的）1)besatisfiedtodosth.意为“对做某事感到满意”e.g.Hewassatisfiedtowinthematch.2)besatisfiedwith意为“对···感到满意”e.g.Shewasnotsatisfiedwiththeresult.3)joy在此用作不可数名词，意为“高兴；愉快”e.g.Lifeisalwaysfullofjoy.Hejumpedupwithjoy.4)owner可数名词，意为“物主，主人”e.g.Heistheownerofthecar.【拓展】1)own形容词，意为“自己的”，一般用于形容词性物主代词或名词所有格之后以加强语气。e.g.Isawitwithmyowneyes.2)own及物动词，意为“有；拥有”，相当于have.e.g.Heownsabighouse.3)ofone’sown.意为“属于某人自己的”e.g.AtlastI’vegotabighouseofmyown.11.Thekidsaresittinginthelibrary,butyoucanseeintheireyesthatthey’regoingonadifferentjourneywitheachnewbook.Journey意为“旅行；行程”，可数名词，一般指长途旅行e.g.Lifeisalongjourneyfrombirthtodeath.12.Ourclassistryingtocomeupwithsomeideastocheerupsickchildrenbecausetheyareoftensad.Sick形容词，意为“生病的；有病的”，其反义词为well.e.g.Hissisterwassickwithacold.Sick作形容词时，还可表示“（想）呕吐的，恶心的”e.g.IalwaysfeelsickwhenItravelbyship.Thesmellmakeshimsick.【拓展】Sick与ill的辨析：Sick指“生病”时主要用于英式英语，可作定语也可作表语，表示“恶心；呕吐”时只用作表语e.g.Heisasickman.Hebegantofeelsickassoonastheshipstartedtomove.Ill指“生病”时，主要用于美式英语，只用作表语，一般不作定语e.g.Heisillandstaysinbed.13.Forexample,wecanmakeplanstovisitsickchildreninthehospitalorraisemoneyforhomelesspeople.Raise作及物动词，意为“筹集；征集”e.g.Theywanttoraiseenoughmoneyforbuildingaschool.【拓展】raise的其他用法：1)作及物动词，意为“举起，抬起”e.g.Pleaseraiseyourhands!2)作及物动词，意为“种植”e.g.Theirfamilyraisedalotofcorn.3)作及物动词，意为“饲养，供养”e.g.Shelikestoraiseadog.14.Iwanttotravelalone.Alone作副词，意为“单独地；独自地”e.g.Helikeslivingalone.1)alone作副词，用在名词或代词之后，意为“只有；仅仅”e.g.Healoneunderstandsme.2)alone作形容词，意为“独自的；单独的”e.g.Shewasaloneinthedarkroom.【拓展】Alone与lonely辨析Alone表示“单独的；肚子的”，指一个人或事物与其他的人或事物分开，不含感情色彩。e.g.HeisaloneintheclassroomLonely表示“孤独的，寂寞的”，指人时含有浓重的感情色彩，即因缺少朋友、同情、亲情而产生的一种孤独、悲伤和忧郁的感情。e.g.Shehasfewfriendshereandfeelslonely.SectionB1.I’verunoutofit.Runoutof是“动词+副词+介词”的短语，of后接宾语，主语通常是表示“人”的名词，也可用于某种能消耗物品的机器等，意为“···用完了···”e.g.I’verunoutofpaper.【拓展】1)runoutof可表示“从···跑出来”的意思e.g.Thedogrunoutoftheroom.2)runout是“动词+副词”结构的不及物动词短语，意为“用完，用尽”，主语通常是表示“时间、金钱”等无生命的东西。e.g.Allthemoneyranoutbyme.3)sth.runout表示“某物用尽了，用完了”e.g.Ourfoodwillsoonrunout.2.Itakeaftermymother.Takeafter意为“像；与···相像”，指由于血缘关系而在外貌、性格等方面相似，相当于besimilarto，其中after是介词，其后常接名词或代词e.g.Yourdaughterdoesn’ttakeafteryouatall.【拓展】1)looklike意为“看上去像···”，多指外貌e.g.Youlooklikemybrother.2)belike意为“像···”，可指外貌，也可指性格e.g.Whatisyoursisterlike?3.Irepairedit.Repair及物动词，意为“修理，修补，修缮（房屋）”e.g.Herepairsoldfurniture.辨析：repair,mend与fix1)repair比fix和mend更正式，常用于表示修补破损或有洞的东西e.g.Maryrepairedtheradiojustforthefunofit.2)mend着重修补衣服上的洞、道路、屋顶或围栏等e.g.Mymothermendedclothesformeyesterday.3)fix侧重于“安装”，有时也用作“修理”，常用于指修理机器、车辆等e.g.Theworkersarefixingthemachine.4.I’msimilartoher.1)similar形容词，意为“相似的；相仿的”e.g.MybestfriendandIhavesimilarhobbies.2)besimilarto意为“与···相似/相仿”e.g.Mynewdressissimilartoyours.【拓展】Besimilarinsth.意为“在某方面相似/相仿”e.g.Thetwobuildingsaresimilarinstyle.5.WhowrotethelettertoMissLi?1)letter可数名词，“信，函”e.g.Tom,hereisaletterforyou.2)writethelettertosb.相当于writetosb.意为“给某人写信”e.g.IamwritingthelettertomyfriendDoyouoftenwritetoyourfriends?【拓展】1)receivealetterfromsb.与hearfromsb.同义，意为“收到某人的来信”e.g.Ioftenhearfrommyfriends.2)letter作可数名词，表示“字母”的意思e.g.Writedowntheseletters,please.6.I’msureyouknowthatthisgroupwassetuptohelpdisabledpeoplelikeme.Disabled形容词，意为“丧失能力的，有残疾的”，它是动词disable（使···丧失能力）加后缀ed构成的e.g.Weshouldhelpdisabledpeople.It’simportanttomakefunofadisabledman.7.Luckymakesabigdifferencetomylife.Makeadifferenceto意为“对···产生影响”，difference前面可加修饰词，如big,great等，to是介词，其后可接名词、代词或动名词e.g.Educationcanmakeabigdifferencetothequalityofaperson’slife.Theaccidenthasmadeagreatdifferencetohislife.【拓展】Makenodifference意为“对···没有影响”e.g.Itmakesnodifferencetome.8.Orimagineyoucan’twalkoruseyourhandseasily.Imagine动词，意为“想象，设想”，其后接名词、代词、动名词或宾语从句e.g.Canyouimaginelifeonthemoon?IcanhardlyimaginePetersailingacrosstheAtlanticOceaninfivedays.9/Mostpeoplewouldneverthinkaboutthis,butmanypeoplehavethesedifficulities.Difficulity作名词，意为“困难；难题”，其形容词为difficult，意为“困难的”【拓展】1)Difficulty表示抽象意义上的“困难”时，是不可数名词e.g.Badplanningwillleadtodifficultylater.2)havedifficultyindoingsth.表示“在做某事方面有困难”e.g.Ihadgreatdifficulty(in)doingthework.10.Openingandclosingdoors,orcarryingthingsaredifficultforme.1)open动词，意为“打开，张开”，反义词为closee.g.openthewindow,openyourmouthOpen与turnon辨析：Open指将原来关着的东西打开，turnon指转动或推上开关等打开2)carry及物动词，意为“拿，提，扛”e.g.Healwayscarriesasmallboxinhishand.Carry,bring,take的用法辨析：Carry不表示动作的方向，一般指随身携带，如“扛、提、运”等e.g.Pleasecarrythebagforme.Bring指把人或物从别处带到说话者所在的地方e.g.Bringthebooktome,please.Take指把人或物从说话者的地方带到别处去e.g.Takemyboxtotheroom.【拓展】Open还可用作形容词，主要用法如下：1)开着的，反义词为closede.g.Allthedoorsareopen.2)开张的，营业的e.g.Theshopisopenfrom9amto6am.3)开放的e.g.Ourcountryisopentotheworldnow.11.Thenonedaylastyear,afriendofminehelpedmeout1)afriendofmine指“我的一位朋友”，是双重所有格，相当于oneofmyfriends.2)helpsb.out指“帮助某人摆脱困境；帮助某人解决难题”e.g.Helpthemoutaspossibleasyoucan.12.Iwasexcitedabouttheideaofhavingadog.1)excited形容词，意为“兴奋的，激动的”，可作表语或定语，作表语时，主语一般是表示“人”的名词或代词；作定语时，一般修饰表示“人”的名词或代词e.g.Tomwasexcitedafterhearingofthegoodnews.Theexcitedchildrenareopeningtheirpresents.Excited与exciting的用法辨析：Excited意为“兴奋的，激动的”，多用于修饰人；exciting意为“使人兴奋的，刺激的”，修饰物e.g.Theboywasexcitedwhenheheardtheexcitingnews.2)beexcitedabout意为“对···感到兴奋、激动”e.g.Iwasexcitedaboutgoingtothezoo.13.LuckyisverycleverandunderstandsmanyEnglishwords.Understand既可作及物动词，又可作不及物动词，意为“理解；领会；明白”e.g.Doyouunderstandme?Hedoesn’tunderstandEnglish.【拓展】1）understand后可接从句：e.g.Iunderstandyou’regoingtoteachAmericanChinese.2)makeoneselfunderstood意为“让某人了解自己的意思”e.g.Ican’tmakemyselfunderstoodinEnglish.单元练习Ⅱ.单项填空（30分）21.Ourparentsoftentellusnotaloneintheriverinsummer.A.swim B.toswim C.swimming D.swam22.Thefatheriscreativeenoughsomanynicetoysforhisdaughter.A.buying B.making C.tobuy D.tomake23.Ioftensawtheboysintheriver.A.swam B.swimming C.toswim D.swim24.Ittakesmetwohoursmyhomeworkeveryday.A.doing B.todo C.did D.does25.Theglassofwateristoohot.Wouldyoupleasegivemesomecoldwater

A.drink B.drinking C.todrink D.drunk26.It’seasytheproblem.A.forhimsolve B.forhimtosolve C.ofhimsolving D.ofhimtosolve27.isnoteasytolookafteralittlebaby.A.The B.What C.It D.How28.IhopeyounextSunday.A.see B.tosee C.sees D.seeing29.UncleTedwasveryrich.Butnowhehasnoplaceto.A.live B.liveon C.livein D.livewith30.—Couldyoupleasepassmethebook—

A.Yes,Icould. B.No,Icouldn’t. C.Sure,hereyouare. D.No,that’snoproblem.31.—Whatareyoudoing,UncleWang?—I’msortingoutoldbooksandI’lltokidsinWestChina.A.givethemup B.givethemaway C.givethemoff D.givethemin32.Wefoundnecessarytoprotectanimalsindanger.A.it B.this C.that D./33.Youshouldsmoking.It’sbadforyourhealth.A.getup B.putup C.giveup D.lookup34.Thankyouforyour,otherwiseIcouldn’tfinishmystudy.A.kind B.kindly C.kindness D.kinds35.Heisstrongfootball.A.inplay B.inplaying C.atplay D.atplayingⅢ.完形填空（10分）Oneday,Peterhadafightwithoneofhisclassmates.Thenhewenttohisgrandfatherandtoldhimhisstory36.“Heisreallybad，”theboysaid,“andI37him.”Thegrandfathersaid,“38metellyouastory.WhenIwasaboy,Itoo,sometimeshatedothersforwhattheydid.”AsPeter39carefully,thegrandfatherwenton.“Therearealwaystwotigersinsidemyheart.Oneis40andkind.Hegetsonwell41everythingaroundhim.But42isbadandunfriendly.Eventhesmallestthingwillmakehimangry.Hefightswitheveryoneallthetime,andfornoreason.Hecan’tthinkcarefully43healwayshatesothers.Itisdifficulttolivewiththesetwotigersinsidemyheart.Theybothtrytocontrol（控制）me.”Peterlookedintohisgrandfather’s44andasked,“45tigeralwayscontrolsyou,Grandfather”

Theoldmansaidslowlyandseriously,“TheonethatIfeed.Ialwaysfeedthegoodandkindtiger,soIneverhateothersandseldom（很少）getangrynow.”36.A.happily B.friendly C.hardly D.angrily37.A.love B.hate C.know D.enjoy38.A.Make B.Help C.Let D.Ask39.A.saw B.felt C.talked D.listened40.A.good B.bad C.lazy D.quiet41.A.at B.on C.with D.about42.A.other B.others C.another D.theother43.A.because B.though C.before D.but44.A.eyes B.ears C.nose D.mouth45.A.Who B.Which C.Where D.WhenⅣ.阅读理解（20分）HaveyoueverbeentoTaiwan,thebiggestislandofChinaDoyouwanttovisitthereWe’llshowyouthebestTaiwanIsland.

Onafour-daytour.Price:Only￥5,000Including:Round-wayplaneticketsbetweenBeijingandTaiwan.BusservicearoundTaiwan.Besttourguideservice.PlacesSunandMoonLakeAbeautifullake.Asmallisland.Ononesideoftheisland,thelakelookslikethesun,ontheothersideitlookslikethemoon.ThatiswhypeoplecallthelakeSunandMoonLake.AliMountainThenearestmountainaroundSunandMoonLake.AniceexperiencetohaveapartywithGaoshanpeople.Awonderfulplacetoseeaverybeautifulsunrise.PengLakeAgreatplaceforswimming,fishing,boatingandeatingdeliciousfruitandfreshfish.GaoXiongAfulldaytogoshopping.BooknowOfficehourMonday—Friday:9:00am—7:00pm;Saturday:9:00am—4:00pmTel:6459-9561SoldoutthismonthBookbyphonenowfornextmonth.46.WhichisthebiggestislandofChina?A.TaiwanIsland. B.HainanIsland.C.DiaoyuIsland. D.HuangyanIsland.47.IfyougoonatripinTaiwan,wherecanyouseethebeautifulsunrise?A.OnSunandMoonLake. B.OnAliMountain.C.OnPengLake. D.InGaoXiong.48.Thewriterofthispassagewantsto.A.havemorepeopletojointhetour B.tellyousomethingaboutTaiwanC.askpeoplenottotroublethemonSunday D.describehowbeautifulTaiwanis49.IfyouwanttovisitTaiwanthismonth,youhaveto.A.visittheirofficeonSaturday B.phonethenumber6459-9561C.turntosomeothertravelagencies D.paymoretocoverthesametour50.Ifyouareaskedtoaddasentenceontopofthispieceofwriting,whichofthefollowingwouldbethemostproper?A.TaiwanisPartofChina B.TaketheTimetoLearninYourHolidayC.TheBiggestIslandofChina D.ComeandJoinUsforYourHolidayⅤ.根据汉语提示完成句子（10分）51.Theyare（募捐）forthestudentsinLushanearthquake.52.He（志愿帮助）oldpeopleatanOldPeopleHouse.53.To（使我们高兴的是），wefoundtheownerofthelostdog.54.The（感觉）ofhelpingothersmakesme（觉得）happy.55.They（有困难）climbingthemountain.Ⅵ.句型转换（10分）56.Shecouldplaythepianowhenshewasfiveyearsold.（改为同义句）Shecouldplaythepianofive.57.IwouldliketobeananimaldoctorwhenIgrowup.（改为同义句）IananimaldoctorwhenIgrowup.58.could，you ，the，kids，ask，let，you，hospital，visit，them，cheer，and，up，to，the（连词成句）59.Shedecidedthatshewouldgiveawayheroldbookstoothers.（改为简单句）Shedecidedheroldbookstoothers.60.Todosportsisimportantforus.（改为同义句）Itforussports.Ⅶ.书面表达（20分）动物是人类的好朋友，没有动物，人类也不能生存，但现在很多动物濒临灭绝，请你就如何帮助动物提出建议。要求：1.内容包含动物面临的状况和建议；2.书写认真，70词左右。Ⅱ.21.B tellsb.(not)todosth.，意为“告诉某人（不）做某事”。故选B。22.D 本题考查enoughtodo结构的应用。根据结构排除A、B两项；根据句中creative“有创意的”可知，此处为制造玩具，故选D。23.D seesb.dosth.意为“看到某人做某事”，seesb.doingsth.意为“看到某人正在做某事”。根据句意“我经常看到男孩们在河中游泳”可知，应用seesb.dosth.结构。答案选D。24.B Ittakessb.sometimetodosth.意为“花费某人一段时间做某事”。25.C 动词不定式作后置定语，“somecoldwatertodrink”意为“一些喝的冷水”。26.B “It’s+adj.+for/ofsb.todosth.”是固定句型，根据该结构可排除A、C两项。当形容词是表示品格的形容词时，用of结构；当形容词是表示事物性质的形容词时，用for结构。easy是表示事物性质的形容词，故选B。27.C it作形式主语，其后动词不定式作真正的主语。28.B hope之后接动词不定式作宾语。29.C 动词不定式作定语时，若该动词是不及物动词，其后的介词不能省略。因为句中的place是动词不定式的逻辑宾语，相当于“liveintheplace”，故选C。30.C Couldyouplease...

是表示委婉请求，其肯定答语是Sure/Certainly...，故选C。

31.B giveup放弃；giveaway捐赠；giveoff发出（光等）；givein屈服、投降。根据前半句句意“我正在把旧书分类”可知，此处是“我将把它们捐给中国西部的孩子们”。故giveaway符合句意。32.A “find+it+adj.+todosth.”为固定用法,该空格处是动词不定式的形式宾语。作