主谓一致语法总结

PAGEPAGE4/4主谓一致语法总结安顺一中曹方平供稿一．就近原则：在notonly…butalso,not…but,neither…nor,either…or,therebe…句型中，谓语动词由相邻的主语来确定。例：1.NotonlytheybutalsoIamgoingtocollectmoneyfortheHopeProject.2.EitheryouorJackisabouttotaketheplaceofthemanager.二．集合名词做主语，指成员时，谓语用复数；指团体，组织时，谓语用单数：如classteam,group,family,audience(听众),government,company,crowd,public,enemy,committee(委员会)等。例：1.Theclassarebusyworkingontheexercisesatthemoment.2.Theteamwasanexcellentoneinthe25thOlympicGames.三．当两个名词用with,togetherwith,aswellas,ratherthan,morethan,but,except,besides,alongwith,including,like等连接起来做主语时，谓语动词与前面的主语一致。例：1.Jackie,withhisparents,intendstosetoutforEuropeonbusinessnextweek.2.Theson,ratherthanhisparents,isresponsibleforthefireaccident.(对火灾事故负责的是儿子而不是父母)each,neither,either以及由every,any,no,some与one,body,thing构成的不定代词做主语时，谓语动词用单数。例：1.Eachofthegirlsisfondofpopmusicinherclass.2.Someoneisexpectingyouattheschoolgate.但none做主语时谓语用单复数都行。例：Noneofthemare/isinterestedinlocalmusic.另外：当every,each,no做定语时，即使用and例：1.Eachstudentispreparingforthefinalexaminationnow.2.Everyboyandeverygirlisproudoftheresultoftheexperiment.3.Noteacherandnostudentisadmittedtoentertheplace.4.TheyeachhaveanEnglishdictionary.(此句中each做同位语，谓语由主语they确定)五.当主语表示时间，重量，距离，价格时，谓语动词用单数。例：1.Fivehundreddollarsisquiteenoughforthereturnvoyage(返航)。2.Sevenkilometerswascoveredintwohours.但算式做主语时，谓语用单数，复数都可以。例：1.Fourtimesfiveis/aretwenty.(Fourtimesfivemake/makestwenty.)六．当主语是一个从句，不定式或动名词时，谓语一般用单数。但由and或动名词时，动词则用复数，表示不同的两件事。例：1.whetherhesucceedsorfailsdoesn'tconcernme.(他成功或失败与我无关)2.SwimmingintheYangtzeRiverneedsgreatcourage.Tosaysomethingisonething,todoitisanother.Toplaybasketballandtogoswimmingareofgreatuseforcharacter-training.另外：当what,all(that)such.例：1.WhathewantsissomeadviceonhowtolearnEnglish,whilewhathelooksforwardtoaresomeEnglishdictionaries.2.Allthattheyaskforarevegetables,fruits,quiltsandclothes.3.SucharethethingsIoftendoinaday.4.SuchismybestfriendMary.七．当一个复数名词用做书名，人名，学科名或报刊名时，谓语用单数。例：1.Guiliver'sTravelsisanovelwrittenbyJonathanSwift.（格列佛游记）2.TheTimesisaveryhelpfulnewspaperforourstudies.（泰晤士报）八．定语从句的关系代词在从句中充当主语时，从句的谓语应与先行词保持一致。例：1.Sheistheonlyoneofthestudentswhohaspassedtheexamination.2.Theytoldussomethingaboutthehouseswhichwerebuiltinthe1540's/1540s.九．在强调句中，强调主语时，后面的动词还是由被强调的主语来确定。例：1.Iaminthesearchformymissinggoldring.其强调句为：ItisIwhoaminthesearchformymissinggoldring.十．几种较为特殊的主语与谓语的一致。and与both…andand并列的两个份。若后一个名词前有冠词，则表示两个人，谓语则用复数。例：1.Theteacherandwriterisgivingtheboysaverywonderfullecture.2.Theteacherandthesingeraretalkinginthehall."the+形容词/分词therest要看它代表的东西来确定。例：1.Thewoundedarebeingdonefirstaidbesidetheroadnow.2..Shehastakensomeofthevegetables.Therestarestillonthetable.3.Hehaseatenupsomeofthecheese.Theresthasgonebad.4.TherestofthestorywaswonderfullymovingandIwasmovedtotearsmany修饰主语时，谓语用复数。但"manya…,morethanone+"（不，虽说具有复数意义，但谓语仍用单数。例：1.Manystudentshavemadethatmistakebefore.2.Manyastudenthasmadethatmistakebefore.3.Morethanonestudenthasmadethatmistakebefore.trousers,shoes,glasses,clothes,socks,glovesapairof,akindof等连用时，谓语用单数。例：1.Histrousersaretornintopiecesinthebikeaccident.2.Thispairoftrousersbelongstomysister.Minearebeingwashed.主谓一致专练 eitherheorIproudofthejob?Neitherhenoryou .A.Am,areB.Is,areC.Are,areD.Am,isAknifeandfork lyingonthefloor.A.wasseenB.wereseenC.seeD.seesThefactory,includingitsequipmentsandbuildings, burntlastnight.A.isB.areC.wasD.were4.I,who yourclosefriend,willshareyourjoysandsorrows(悲伤).A.wasB.areC.isD.amOver70percentofthepopulationinthisprovince farmers.isB.areC.hasD.haveSomeperson askingforyouattheentrancetothecinema.willbeB.isbeingC.isD.areTherestofthenovel verywonderfulandinstructive.A.wereB.areC.isD.seemEverymeans tried,butthereisnoabsoluteresultyet.A.havebeenB.hasbeenC.willbeD.wereWhatIwant aninterestingbookwhilewhatheexpects twocupsofcoffee.A.is,areB.are,isC.is,isD.are,are10.Ateacher,togetherwithfourstudents, senttohelpwiththisresearchthenextweek.A.wasB.hasC.wereD.areHelostoneofthebookswhich borrowedfromthelibraryyesterday.wereB.wasC.hadD.haveJack,aswellashisrelativesandfriends, apartyathomenow.arehavingB.ishaveC.isholdingD.areholdingThe26thOlympicGames heldsuccessfully.isB.willbeC.areD.wereAllbuttheonethataskedforleaveyesterday herejustnow.isB.wasC.hasbeenD.wereOneachsideoftheroad alotoftalltrees.standsB.isstandingC.growD.isgrowingThreehourswithyouroldfriends tobeashorttime.seemB.seemsC.isseemingD.hasseemedWhenandwheretobuildthenewfirstaidcenter yet.hasn'tbeendecidedB.doesn'tdecidedC.haven'tbeendecidedD.aren'tdec