考研考博-英语-四川外国语大学成都学院考试押题三合一+答案详解篇

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-四川外国语大学成都学院考试押题三合一+答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.填空题

AlbertEinsteinonce(1)_________thecreativityofafamousscientisttothefactthathe“neverwenttoschool,andthereforepreservedtheraregiftofthinkingfreely.”Thereisundoubtedly(2)________inEinstein’sobservation:manyartistsandgeniusesseemto(3)________theirschoolingasabigdisadvantage.Anecdotalreportssupportthis.PabloPicasso,CharlesDarwin,MarkTwain,OliverGoldsmith,andWilliamButlerYeatsall(4)_______school.(5)_______didWinstonChurchill,whoalmostfailedoutofHarrow,aneliteBritishschool.Butsuchatruthisnotacriticismofschools.(6)_______isthefunctionofschoolstocivilize,nottotrainexplorers.Theexplorerisalwaysamiserablylonelyindividual(7)________hisorherpioneeringisinart,music,scienceandtechnology.ThecreativeexplorerofunmappedlandssharewiththegeniuswhatWilliamJamesdescribed(8)_______the“facultyofperceivinginanunhabitualway.”However,thesocialorderdemandsunityandwidespreadagreement,bothtraitsare(9)_______tocreativity.Therewillalwaysbe(10)_______betweenthedemandsofsocietyandtheimpulsesofcreativityandgenius.

【答案】1.attributed

2.truth

3.view

4.disliked

5.So

6.It

7.whether

8.as

9.destructive

10.conflict

【解析】1.考查上下文语义。句意：阿尔伯特•爱因斯坦曾经将一个著名的科学家的创造力________于这样的一个事实：他从未上过学，从而保留了自由思考的天赋。所以填入attributed表示“将创造力归因于一个事实”。

2.考查上下文语义。句意：毫无疑问是________在爱因斯坦的观点中：许多艺术家和天才似乎都______他们的上学经历为极大的不利因素。所以填入truth表示“爱因斯坦的观点毫无疑问是真实的”。

3.考查上下文语义和搭配。句意：爱因斯坦的观点毫无疑问是真实的：许多艺术家和天才似乎都_______他们的上学经历为极大的不利因素。所以填入view构成搭配“view…as将……看作”，表示“都将他们的上学经历看作成极大的不利因素”。

4.考查上下文语义。句意：巴勃罗•毕加索、查尔斯•达尔文、马克•吐温，奥利弗•戈德史密斯，还有威廉•巴特勒•叶芝都_________学校。所以填入disliked表示“他们都不喜欢学校”。

5.考查倒装句语法。句意：温斯顿•丘吉尔也一样，他差点被哈罗工效开除，而这是一所名校。所以填入连词so构成倒装结构“so+助动词/be动词/情态动词+主语”表示“.….也一样”。

6.考查语法。句意：引导探索者是学校的职责，而不是训练探索者。此句中动词不定式“tocivilize,nottotrainexplorers”为句子真正的主语，所以填入It作形式主语。

7.考查连词。探索者总是一个孤独的个体，无论他的创举是在艺术、音乐、科学或是技术领域。所以填入whether构成搭配“whether…or不论….或者….”，表示“无论是在艺术、音乐、科学或是技术领域”。

8.考查介词搭配。句意：对于为开拓的领域进行探索的有创造力的人与天才具有共同之处，这种共同之处被威廉•詹姆斯描述为“不同寻常的感知能力”。所以填入as构成搭配“describe…as…将……描述为……”。What引导宾语从句，作sharewith的宾语，表示“共同之处被描述为都不同寻常的感知能力”。

9.考查上下文语义。句意：然而，社会秩序要求团结和广泛一致，这两个方面对于创造力来说是________的。所以填入destructive表示“具有毁灭性的”。

10.考查上下文语义。句意：社会的要求和对于创造力和天才的需求之间总是会存在________。所以填入conflict表示“二者之间存在矛盾或冲突”。

2.单选题

Satellitephotographscanprovideinformationon（）rainarefalling.

问题1选项

A.whichwhereandhowmuch

B.whereandhow

C.whichandhow

D.whereandhowmuch

【答案】D

【解析】考查引导词。句意：卫星照片可以提供关于降雨区域以及降雨量的信息。on后面接定语从句，从句的主语已经有引导词连接，不再用which。故D项正确。

3.单选题

Peoplecanbeaddictedtodifferentthings——forexample,alcohol,drugs,certainfoods,oreventelevision.Peoplewhohavesuchanaddictionarecompulsive;thatis,theyhaveaverypowerfulpsychologicalneedthattheyfeeltheymustsatisfy.Accordingtopsychologists,manypeoplearecompulsivespenders.Theyfellthattheymustspendmoney.Thiscompulsion,likemostothersisirrational——impossibletoexplainreasonably.Forcompulsivespenderswhobuyoncredit,chargeaccountsareevenmoreexcitingthanmoney.Inotherwords,compulsivespendersfeelthatwithcredit,theycandoanything.Theirpleasureinspendingenormousamountsisactuallygreaterthanthepleasurethattheygetfromthethingstheybuy.

Thereisevenaspecialpsychologyofbargainhunting.Tosavemoney,ofcourse,mostpeoplelookforsales,lowpricesanddiscounts.Compulsivebargainhunters,however,oftenbuythingsthattheydon'tneedjustbecausetheyarecheap.Theywanttobelievethattheyarehelpingtheirbudgets,buttheyarereallyplayinganexcitinggame.Whentheycanbuysomethingforlessthanotherpeople,theyfeelthattheyarewinning.Mostpeople,expertsclaim,havetworeasonsfortheirbehavior:agoodreasonforthethingsthattheydoandtherealreason.

Itisnotonlyscientists,ofcourse,whounderstandthepsychologyofspendinghabits,butalsobusiness-people,Stores,companies,andadvertisersusepsychologytoincreasebusiness.Theyconsiderpeople'sneedsforlove,power,orinfluence,theirbasicvalues,theirbeliefsandopinionsandsoonintheiradvertisingandsalesmethods.

Psychologistsoftenuseamethodcalled‘behaviortherapy'tohelpindividualssolvetheirpersonalityproblems.Inthesameway,theycanhelppeoplewhofeelthattheyhaveproblemswithmoney.

Althoughbehaviorhasmanycauses,mostscientistsseektoisolatesinglecauses.Thismakesthescientificstudyofbehaviorhard.Manyresearchersinpsychologyusecontrolledexperimentsinwhichtheycanexaminetheeffectofonefactoratatimeinaparticularkindofbehavior.Someinvestigatorsdesignexperimentstotestthebehavioraleffectsofseveralfactorsinvariouscombinations.Stillotherresearchersstudybehaviorinthe‘real'worldbyobservingpeopleintheirdailyactivities.Observingbehavioroutsidecontrolledexperimentscannotprovethatonethingcausesanother.Butstudyingpeopleintherealworldoftenhelpsscientistsseethewaysinwhichcausesidentifiedinexperimentsactuallyoperateinpeople'sdailylives.

Specialistsinmanyfieldsstudybehavior.Psychologistsandsomebiologistsstudyanimalbehaviorincontrolledexperiments.Otherpsychologistsstudyindividualsorsmallgroupsofpeopleincontrolledgamesortaskstounderstandmanyaspectsofbehavior,includingthereasonsforpeople'sfeelings,thoughtsandmotives.Thesestudieshelpestablishprinciplesthatcanbeusedtoexplain,predict,andmodifybehavior.Educationalresearchersstudyhowpeoplebehaveintheclassroom.Insociology,behavioralresearchfocusesmainlyonthebehaviorofpeopleinlargegroupsandsocialinstitutions,suchasbusinesses,churches,governments,andhospitals.Ananthropologistmayliveinanisolatedcommunitytostudybehaviorpatternsofawholegroup.

1.Accordingtothepsychologists,acompulsivespenderisonewhospendsmoney（）.

2.Accordingtothewriter,compulsivebargainhuntersareinconstantsearchofthelowestpossibleprices（）.

3.Thearticleismainlyabout（）.

4.Fromthepassagewemaysafelyconcludethatcompulsivespenderorcompulsivebargainhunters（）.

5.Fromthepassage,weknowthatscientificstudyofbehavioris（）.

6.Acontrolledexperimentinthispassageisoneinwhich（）.

7.Wecaninferthat（）.

问题1选项

A.andtakesgreatpleasurefromwhatheorshebuys

B.inordertosatisfyhisorherbasicneedsinlife

C.justtomeethisorherstrongpsychologicalneed

D.entirelywithanirrationalplanforhisincomes

问题2选项

A.becausetheywanttosavemoneytohelptheirbudgets

B.becausetheywanttowinoverothersingettingthingsforlessmoney

C.andwillnothavemoneyproblemsiftheycankeeptotheirbudget

D.buttheyneverfeelsatisfiedaftertheycangetthingsforlessmoneythanothers

问题3选项

A.thepsychologyofmoney-spendinghabits

B.thelivinghabitsofcompulsivespenders

C.aspecialpsychologyofbargainhunting

D.theuseofthepsychologyofspendinghabitsinbusiness

问题4选项

A.arereallyunreasonable

B.needspecialtreatment

C.arereallybeyondremedies

D.cannevergetanyhelptosolvetheirproblemswithmoney

问题5选项

A.difficult

B.easy

C.interesting

D.extremelyuseful

问题6选项

A.alltheconditionsarekeptthesamewhenstudyingabehavior

B.allthevariablesareconsciouslychangedwhenexaminingabehavior

C.theeffectsofseveralfactorsthataffectabehaviorarestudiedatatime

D.theeffectofonefactorisstudiedatatimeinaparticularbehavior

问题7选项

A.peoplebehavedifferentlyindifferentcountries

B.peoplebehavethesameinthesamesituation

C.studentsbehavedifferentlywhentheystayinaclassroomsettingandstayathome

D.thebehaviorofthepeopleinlargergroupsandsocialinstitutionsisthesameasthatofthestudentsintheclassroom.

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:B

第3题:A

第4题:A

第5题:A

第6题:D

第7题:C

【解析】1.根据第一段“Thiscompulsion,likemostothersisirrational——impossibletoexplainreasonably.”这种强迫和其他大多数强迫一样是非理性的——无法合理解释。也就是说,他们只是为了满足自己强烈的心理需求,所以选项C正确。

2.根据第二段四五句“Theywanttobelievethattheyarehelpingtheirbudgets,buttheyarereallyplayinganexcitinggame.Whentheycanbuysomethingforlessthanotherpeople,theyfeelthattheyarewinning.”他们宁愿相信自己是在节省预算,但其实他们在玩一个令人兴奋的游戏。当他们能买到比别人便宜的东西时,他们就会觉得自己赢了。选项B符合原文。

3.结合全文内容可知,本文主要是对具有强迫性消费人群的花钱习惯进行心理学层面的分析,选项A最能概括全文,其他选项太片面。

4.根据原文第一段可知,选项A符合原文；选项B中的特殊治疗法表述不正确；选项C和D表述有误,所以本题选A。

5.根据第五段一二句“Althoughbehaviorhasmanycauses,mostscientistsseektoisolatesinglecauses.Thismakesthescientificstudyofbehaviorhard.”可知选项A正确。

6.根据第五段第三句“Manyresearchersinpsychologyusecontrolledexperimentsinwhichtheycanexaminetheeffectofonefactoratatimeinaparticularkindofbehavior.”许多心理学研究人员使用对照实验,他们可以一次检查一个因素对特定行为的影响。选项D与原文描述一致。

7.根据原文可知,选项A和B在文中没有提及；选项D表述错误；根据最后一段内容可知,不同领域的研究专家研究不同的群体,这说明人们在不同的场合中行为习惯也是不同的,所以选项C正确。

4.单选题

CantheInternethelppatientsjumpthelineatthedoctor’soffice?TheSiliconValleyEmployersForum,asophisticatedgroupoftechnologycompanies,islaunchingapilotprogramtotestonline“virtualvisits”betweendoctorsatthreebiglocalmedicalgroupsandabout6,000employeesandtheirfamilies.ThesixemployerstakingpartintheSiliconValleyinitiative,includingheavyhitterssuchasOracleandCiscoSystems,hopethatonlinevisitswillmeanemployeeswon’thavetoskipworktotendtominorailmentsortofollowuponchronicconditions.“Withourlongcommutesandtraffic,driving40milestoyourdoctorinyourhometowncanbeabigchunkoftime,”saysCindyConway,benefitsdirectoratCadenceDesignSystems,oneoftheparticipatingcompanies.

Doctorsaren’tclamoringtochatwithpatientsonlineforfree;theyspendenoughunpaidtimeonthephone.Only1in5haseveremailedapatient,andjust9percentareinterestedindoingso,accordingtotheresearchfirmCyberDialog.“Wearenotstupid,”saysStirlingSomers,executiveoftheSiliconValleyemployersgroup.“Doctorsgettingpaidinacriticalpieceisgettingthistowork.”Inthepilotprogram,physicianswillget$20peronlineconsultation,aboutwhattheygetforasimpleofficevisit.

Doctorsalsofearthey’llbeswampedbyramblinge-mailsthattelleverythingbutwhat’sneededtomakeadiagnosis.SothenewprogramwillusetechnologysuppliedbyHealinx,anAlameda,Calif-basedstart-up.Healinx’s“SmartSymptomWizard”questionspatentsandturnsanswersintoasuccinctmessage.Thecompanyhasonlinedialoguesfor60commonconditions.ThedoctorcanthendiagnosetheproblemandoutlineatreatmentplanwhichcouldincludeE-mailingaprescriptionoraface-to-facevisit.

CanE-mailreplacethedoctor’soffice?Manyconditions,suchaspersistentcough,requireastethoscopetodiscoverwhat’swrong—andtoavoidamalpracticesuit.EvenLarryBonham,headofoneofthedoctor’sgroupsinthepilot,believesthevirtualdoctor’svisitsoffera“verynarrow”sliverofservicebetweenphonecallstoanadvicenurseandavisittotheclinic.

Thepilotprogram,settoendinninemonths,alsohopestodeterminewhetheronlinevisitswillboostworkerproductivityenoughtooffsetthecostoftheservice.Sofar,theinternet’srecordinthehealthfieldhasbeenunderwhelming.Theexperimentis“ahugerollofthediceforHealinx”,notesMichaelBarrett,ananalystatInternetconsultingfirmForesterResearch.Ifthe“Webvisits”succeed,expectsomeHMOS(HealthMaintenanceOrganizations)topayforonlinevisits.Ifdoctors,employers,andpatientsaren’tsatisfied,figureononemoreE-healthstart-upistostanddown.

1.TheSiliconValleyemployerspromotetheE-healthprogramforthepurposeof（）.

2.Whatcanbelearnedabouttheon-linedoctors’visits?

3.AccordingtoParagraph2,doctorsare（）.

4.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatthefutureofonlinevisitswillmostlydependonwhether（）.

问题1选项

A.rewardingtheiremployee

B.gratifyingthelocalhospitals

C.boostingworkerproductivity

D.testingasophisticatedtechnology

问题2选项

A.Theyareaquitepromisingbusiness.

B.Theyarefundedbythelocalgovernment.

C.Theyarewelcomedbyallthepatients.

D.Theyareverymuchunderexperimentation.

问题3选项

A.reluctanttoserveonlinefornothing

B.notinterestedinWebconsultation

C.tootiredtotalktothepatientsonline

D.contentwith$20paidperWebvisit

问题4选项

A.theemployerswouldremainconfidentinthem

B.theycouldeffectivelyreplaceofficevisits

C.HMOSwouldcoverthecostoftheservice

D.newtechnologieswouldbeavailabletoimprovetheE-healthproject

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:D

第3题:A

第4题:B

【解析】1.推理判断题。由题干可以定位到文章第一段第三句hopethatonlinevisitswillmeanemployeeswon’thavetoskipworktotendtominorailmentsortofollowuponchronicconditions.（希望在线访问将意味着员工不必为了照顾小病或慢性病而翘班。），说明电子健康计划的目的是让员工花更多的时间在工作上，提高生产力。因此C选项“提高工人生产力”正确。A选项“奖励他们的员工”，B选项“让当地医院满意”，D选项“测试复杂的技术”均不能说明该计划的目的，所以A，B，D错误。

2.推理判断题。A选项“是一个前景很好的行业”，由原文Ifdoctors,employers,andpatientsaren’tsatisfied,figureononemoreE-healthstart-upistostanddown.（如果医生、雇主和病人都不满意，还有一家电子健康计划初创企业将退出。）可知该计划的前景还不明朗，所以A错误。B选项“是由当地政府资助的”，文中没有提及政府资助，所以B错误。C选项“受到所有病人的欢迎”在文中没有提及，所以C错误。D选项“处于实验阶段”，由原文可知并非所有的医生都支持该项目，且在线看病还不能完全替代医院看病，是否能达到预期目的也有待观察，说明该项目还处于实验阶段，所以D选项正确。

3.推理判断题。由题干可以定位到文章第二段第一句Doctorsaren’tclamoringtochatwithpatientsonlineforfree;theyspendenoughunpaidtimeonthephone.（医生们并没有吵着要和病人在网上免费看病，他们花在电话上的无酬时间已经够多了。），说明医生不愿意无偿在线看病。因此A选项“不愿无偿在线看病”正确。B选项“对网络咨询不感兴趣”，由原文可知有9%的人感兴趣，所以B选项错误。C选项“太累了，无法在网上和病人交谈”，在文中没有提及，所以C错误。D选项“满足于每次网上看病的20美元薪酬”，文中没有说到他们满足于这个薪酬，所以D错误。

4.推理判断题。由题干可以定位到最后一段第一句alsohopestodeterminewhetheronlinevisitswillboostworkerproductivityenoughtooffsetthecostoftheservice（该计划还希望确定在线看病是否会提高工人的生产率，足以抵消服务成本），说明只有在线看病能发挥其效果，能够抵消服务成本，即在线看病能替代医院看病时，该项目才有前景。因此B选项“可以有效地替代医院看病”正确。A选项“雇主会对他们保持信心”，C选项“HMOS将支付服务费用”，D选项“将利用新技术改进电子健康项目”均不是项目成功的关键，所以A，C，D错误。

5.单选题

Threecenturiesago,aDutchmathematiciannamedChristianHuygensinventedanewreligion.Hedidn’tmeanto.Allhedidwastobuildapendulumclockthatallowedpeople,forthefirsttimeinhistory,tokeeptrackofhoursandminutesaccurately.Yes,itwillgetalotofattentionaroundtheglobeonNewYear’sEve,butthatistheexception.Manyculturesstillmarchtodifferentdrummers.TimeseemstomovefasterinFrankfurtthaninSanSalvador.MonksinBurmaknowitistimetogetupwhenthereisenoughlighttoseetheveinsintheirhands,andshowingupontimeiscauseforridiculeinMexico.

RobertLevineandhisresearchersvisitedcitiesaroundtheworldtomeasuretheaccuracyofpublicclocksandtotimehowlongittakesdowntownpedestrianstowalk60feetandpostalclerkstosellastamp.

InSwitzerland,clocksaresloworfastbyanaverageofjust19seconds.InBrazil,onemanwasmorethanthreehoursoffwhenhetoldLevineitwas“exactly2:14.”AtthecentralpostofficeinJakarta,Levinewassentoutsidetostreetvendors.

MuchoftheworldlivesonwhatLevinecallseventtime.InParis,youmightsetabusinessmeetingfor3p.m,butinBurundi,youmightagreetomeetwhenthecowsreturnfromthewateringhole.InMadagascar,ifyouaskhowlongittakestogettothenearestmarket,yougetananswerlikethetimeittakestocookrice.

Ifthatsoundsappealing,don’tbetoohastytomoveabroad.Clockaddictionistoughtobreak.Learninganewpaceoflifeislikemasteringaforeignlanguage.Andtherearedrawbackstotimelessliving.Youmightbeabletoshowupforworkatyourconvenience.Butyoucouldspendadayormorewaitingtomakeatelephonecall.YoufeelslightedintheUnitedStatesifyourlunchdatenevershows,butinKenya,aperfectlyreasonableexcuseisthatonthewaytomeetyou,heranintoafriendanddecidedtojoinhimforlunchinstead.

LevineseemstothinkthattheWestisbecomingmoredevotedtotheclockwitheachpassingminute.

Anewatomicclockissoaccuratethatitwon’tbeoffbymorethanasecondamillionyearsfromnow.Andclockworshipappearstobespreadingtothedevelopingworld，wherevendorshawkwatchesoncitystreets.

Butoftentheyaresellingprestigeratherthanpunctuality.Onsomeoftheirwatches,thehandsdon’tmove.

1.Whichofthefollowingassumptionsaboutclockisexpressedinthepassage?

2.TheauthorquotestheexamplethatclocksinSwitzerlandaresloworfastbyanaverageofjust19secondswhileinBrazil,onemanwasmorethanthreehoursoffinordertoimply（）.

3.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?

4.IntheWest,peopletendtodothings（）.

问题1选项

A.Itwasinventedinthesixteenthcentury.

B.Inmoderntimes,clockisindispensabletopeople’slives.

C.Theprevalenceoftheclockwasbeyondtheexpectationoftheinventor.

D.Whilemovingabroad,peoplewillgiveupclockandadaptthemselvestotimelessliving.

问题2选项

A.clocksaremoreaccurateinSwitzerlandthaninBrazil

B.clocksmadeinSwitzerlandaremuchbetterinqualitythanthoseinBrazil

C.timemovesfasterinSwitzerlandthaninBrazil

D.peopleinSwitzerlandhavestrongersenseoftimethanBrazilians

问题3选项

A.Peoplefromthedevelopingworldbegintoregardbeingontimeasveryimportant.

B.ThepaceoflifeinJakartaiscomparativelyslow.

C.InMexico,peoplewillbelaughedatiftheyareontime.

D.PeopleinBurmadothingsaccordingtotheeventtime.

问题4选项

A.accordingtoclocktime

B.accordingtoeventtime

C.attheirconvenience

D.withnoregardtotime

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:D

第3题:D

第4题:A

【解析】1.判断推理题。由题干关键词“assumptionsaboutclock”定位到文章第一段“Allhedidwastobuildapendulumclockthatallowedpeople,forthefirsttimeinhistory,tokeeptrackofhoursandminutesaccurately.Yes,itwillgetalotofattentionaroundtheglobeonNewYear’sEve,butthatistheexception.”可知他只是建造了一个钟摆钟，使人们有史以来第一次能够准确地记录小时和分钟。在除夕夜，它会得到全世界的关注，但这是一件异常的事。可判断出时钟的普及和被关注是发明者未能预料的事情，故选项C符合题意。

2.判断推理题。由题干关键词“Switzerland，Brazil”定位到文章第二段“InSwitzerland,clocksaresloworfastbyanaverageofjust19seconds.InBrazil,onemanwasmorethanthreehoursoffwhenhetoldLevineitwas‘exactly2:14.’”，可知在瑞士，时钟的平均快慢只有19秒，而在巴西，有个人休息了三个多小时，但他却告诉莱文时间是2:14。下文继续列举了一系列一些例子，体现出不同国家的时间观念。可判断出作者列举瑞士和巴西的例子，是为了说明瑞士人相比巴西人有更强的时间观念。故选项D符合题意。

3.判断推理题。由A项“developingworld”定位到文章倒数第二段“Andclockworshipappearstobespreadingtothedevelopingworld，wherevendorshawkwatchesoncitystreets.”可知，对钟表的崇拜似乎正在向发展中国家蔓延，在那里，小贩们在城市街道上兜售手表。可判断出发展中国家的人越来越崇拜钟表，时间观念也越来越强。故选项A符合文意，可排除。B项文章没有提及，可排除。由C项“Mexico”定位到文章第一段“...showingupontimeiscauseforridiculeinMexico.”，可知在墨西哥，准时赴约会遭到人们的嘲笑。故选项C符合文意，可排除。由C项中的关键词“Burma”定位到原文第一段“MonksinBurmaknowitistimetogetupwhenthereisenoughlighttoseetheveinsintheirhands…”可知，对于缅甸的僧侣们来说，当有足够的光线看到他们手上的血管时，就该起床了。可判断出缅甸的时间观念并不强，也不是按照某个时间发生的时间来衡量时间的。故选项D符合题意。

4.判断推理题。由题干关键词“West”定位到文章倒数第三段“LevineseemstothinkthattheWestisbecomingmoredevotedtotheclockwitheachpassingminute.”可知Levine似乎认为，随着时间的流逝，西方国家对时钟的关注越来越多。第四段中也提及“InParis,youmightsetabusinessmeetingfor3p.m…”在法国巴黎，你可以把商务会议安排在下午三点。可判断出西方人是非常守时的，会按钟表的时间来办事。故选项A符合题意。

6.单选题

W:Wouldyoulikemetogetyousometea?

M:Notnow,thanks.Maybelater.

Q:Whatdoesthemanwant?

问题1选项

A.Todrinkteainawhile.

B.Toprepareteahimself.

C.Togetthewomansometealater.

D.Todrinksomethingelse.

【答案】A

【解析】根据男士的回答“Notnow,thanks.Maybelater.现在不用，谢谢。可能一会儿会需要。”可知A选项‘一会儿再喝’正确。

7.单选题

Itis______thatwomenshouldbepaidlessthanmenfordoingthesamekindofwork.

问题1选项

A.abrupt

B.absurd

C.adverse

D.addictive

【答案】B

【解析】【选项释义】

A.abrupt突然的，意外的B.absurd荒谬的，荒唐的

C.adverse不利的，有害的D.addictive使人上瘾的

【考查点】形容词辨析。

【解题思路】根据主语从句的内容“女人做同样的工作却得到比男人少的报酬”可知，做同样的工作，女人的报酬比男人的少，这是荒谬的，所以该题选择B项。

【干扰项排除】A、C、D项不符合句意。

【句意】女人做同样的工作却得到比男人少的报酬，这是荒谬的。

8.单选题

AthighnoonlastOctober1st,thecitizensofEcuador（厄瓜多尔）didsomethingthey’dneverdreamedpossible:theysynchronized（同步）theirwatches.Indoingso,theyembarkedonanationalcampaignagainstlateness.Aspecialgrouporganizedthiscampaign.ThegroupinvitedthePresidenttojoininthem,butactuallythePresidentwasinfamouslyunpunctual.Anyway,thePresidentagreedtovowtoparticipate.Hisspokesman,goingontelevisiontoannouncethisvow,arrivedatthestudio,needlesstosay,severalminuteslate.

Suchacampaignmaybescornedorlaughedat,becauseitseemsnotseriousandevennonsense,withoutanypracticalmeaning,butitcomesoutofabasiceconomicfact:punctualitypays.Accordingtoonestudy,chroniclatenesscostsEcuador$2.5billionayear―hardlysmallchangeinacountrywithagrossdomesticproductofjusttwenty-fourbilliondollars.Thefundamentalchallengeforamoderneconomyistocoordinatetheactionsofmillionsofindependentpeoplesothatgoodsmaybeproducedandservicesdeliveredasefficientlyaspossible.It’saloteasiertodothiswhenpeoplearewherethey’resupposedtobewhenthey’resupposedtobethere.Thisisespeciallytrueinlightofrecentinnovationssuchasjust-in-timemanufacturing.

Dellcomputer’ssuppliershavetobeabletodeliverpartstoDell’sfactorieswithinninetyminutes.Underthoseconditions,“I’llgettoitlater”won’tdo.

InsomepunctualcountrieslikeJapan,pedestrianswalkfast,businesstransactionstakeplacequickly,andbankclocksarealwaysaccurate.Inlesspunctualplaces,suchasIndonesia,pedestriansamble,workersidle,andbankclocksareusuallywrong.Inotherwords,Ecuadoriansaretryingtorevolutionizethewaytheyliveandwork.

Cantheydoit?Thereareobviousobstacles.Tardinesscanbequitepleasant,especiallywhenit’swhatyou’veaccustomedto.Thereisalsothetrickyquestionofclass.Latenesscanbeawayfortherichandpowerfultoassertthemselves,toshowhowmuchmorevaluabletheirtimeis.InEcuador,membersofthemilitaryandthegovernmentarethemostnotoriousoffenders,andbusinessmenarefarmorelikelytoshowuplatethanblue-collarworkersare.There’snopointingettingtoameetingontimeifnooneisgoingtobethere.Tardinessfeedsonitself,creatingaviciouscycle.

1.ItisimpliedinthefirstparagraphthatthepresidentofEcuador（

）.

2.Theword“pay”hasthesamemeaningin“punctualitypays”asin

（

）.

3.WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutEcuadorpeopleiscorrect?

4.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat（

）.

问题1选项

A.agreedtogoontelevisiontoannouncehisvowtoparticipate

B.waswell-knownforhispunctuality

C.hadahabitofbeinglateinhislifeandwork

D.wastryingtorevolutionizethewatchesinhiscountry

问题2选项

A.“Itpaystogetsomeprofessionaladvicebeforeyoumakeadecision”

B.“Hedidn’tpayanyattentiontowhatIsaid”

C.“Mymotherpaysformydrivinglessons”

D.“Idecidedtopaymyfriendsavisit”

问题3选项

A.Theyusedtobepunctualwhentheyaregoingtowork.

B.Theylovetheirpresidentforhisbeingunpunctual.

C.Theystartedtorealizethevitalityoftime.

D.Theyhavebeenunaccustomedtothetardinessoftheirbank.

问题4选项

A.Ecuadoriansaretryingtomakeanadvertisementfortheirwatchesbyanationalcampaignagainstlateness

B.bankclocksinlesspunctualplacesareusuallywrongbecausetheirclocksarebackward

C.moderneconomytriestocoordinatetheactionsofmillionsofindependentpeopletopromoteefficiency

D.Ecuadorianswillremaintheirwayoflife

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:C

第3题:C

第4题:C

【解析】1.推理判断题。由文章第一段中的ThegroupinvitedthePresidenttojoininthem,butactuallythePresidentwasinfamouslyunpunctual.（该团体邀请总统加入，但实际上，总统的不守时是臭名昭著的）可知C选项“在他的生活和工作中有迟到的习惯”符合题意。

2.词义题。根据题干关键词pay定位到文章第二段的butitcomesoutofabasiceconomicfact:punctualitypays.Accordingtoonestudy,chroniclatenesscostsEcuador$2.5billionayear（但它来自一个基本的经济事实：守时支付。根据一项研究，长期迟到给厄瓜多尔每年造成25亿美元的损失）可知punctualitypays中的pay表示“支付，付费”。A选项中的pay表示“值得”；B选项中的payattentionto表示“注意”；C选项中的payfor表示“为……支付”；D选项中的payavisit表示“探望，拜访，参观”。因此本题的正确答案为C。

3.推理判断题。由文章第四段中的Inotherwords,Ecuadoriansaretryingtorevolutionizethewaytheyliveandwork.（换句话说，厄瓜多尔人正试图彻底改变他们的生活和工作方式）可知C选项“他们开始意识到时间的重要性”符合题意。

4.推理判断题。由文章第二段中的Thefundamentalchallengeforamoderneconomyistocoordinatetheactionsofmillionsofindependentpeoplesothatgoodsmaybeproducedandservicesdeliveredasefficientlyaspossible.（现代经济的根本挑战是协调数百万独立人民的行动，以便尽可能有效地生产商品和提供服务）可知C选项“现代经济努力协调数以百万计的独立者的行动，以提高效率”符合题意。

9.单选题

Mikelosthis______onthebikeandfelloff.

问题1选项

A.equation

B.equivalence

C.equilibrium

D.equality

【答案】C

【解析】考查近义词辨析。A项equation“等式，相等”，是人为的把两个东西等同起来；B项equivalence“等价，等值”，表示某种东西在用途、功能、大小或值上是相等的；C项equilibrium“均衡，平衡”，表示一种平衡状态，尤指对立力量或影响之间的平衡状态，也可指心理平衡；D项equality“平等，相等”，是指客观存在的平等。根据句子意思“迈克在自行车上失去……，摔了下来”可知，空格处是表示“在自行车上失去平衡”，所以选择C项符合句意。句意：迈克在自行车上失去平衡，摔了下来。因此，该题选择C项正确。

10.不定项选择题

ThedevelopmentofjazzcanbeseenaspartofthelargercontinuumofAmericanpopularmusic,especiallydancemusic.Inthetwenties,jazzbecamethehottestnewthingindancemusic,muchasragtimehadattheturnofthecentury,andaswouldrhythmandbluesinthefifties,rockinthefifties,anddiscointheseventies.Buttwocharacteristicsdistinguishjazzfromotherdancemusic.Thefirstisimprovisation,thechangingofamusicalphraseaccordingtotheplayer’sinspiration.Likeallartists,jazzmusiciansstriveforanindividualstyle,andtheimprovisedorparaphrasedisajazzmusician’smainopportunitytodisplayhisorherindividuality.Inearlyjazz,musiciansoftenimprovisedmelodiescollectively,thuscreatingakindofpolyphony.Therewaslittlesoloingassuch,althoughsomeNewOrleansplayers,particularlycometplayerBuddyBolden,achievedlocalfamefortheirabilitytoimproviseasolo.Latertheideaofthechorus-longormulticoursesolotookhold.LouisArmstrong’sinstrumentalbrilliance,demonstratedthroughextendedsolos,wasamajorinfluenceinthisdevelopment.

Evenintheearlytwenties,however,somejazzbandshadfeaturedsoloists.Similarly,showorchestrasandcarnivalbandsoftenincludedoneortwosuch“get-off”musicians.Unimproved,completelystructuredjazzdoesexist,buttheabilityofthebestjazzmusicianstocreatemusicofgreatcohesionandbeautyduringperformancehasbeenahallmarkofthemusicanditsmajorsourceofinspirationandchange.Theseconddistinguishingcharacteristicofjazzisarhythmicdrivethatwasinitiallycalled“hot”andlater“swing”.Inplayinghot,amusicianconsciouslydepartsfro