考研考博-英语-吉林农业大学考试押题三合一+答案详解篇

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-吉林农业大学考试押题三合一+答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.单选题

Wehavedoneallwecouldandnowourcherishedprojectis（

）ournewCEO.

问题1选项

A.ontheagendaof

B.inthepowerof

C.undertheguidanceof

D.withtheguidanceof

【答案】B

【解析】考查词组辨析。A选项ontheagendaof“列入会议议程的”；B选项inthepowerof“受……支配，在……的控制下”；C选项undertheguidanceof“在……的指导下”；D选项withtheguidanceof“在……的指导下”，作伴随状语表原因。由project（项目）与CEO（执行总裁）之间的关系可知项目应处于CEO的控制下较符合逻辑搭配。句意：我们已经竭尽所能，现在我们珍视的项目掌握在新任CEO的手中。

2.单选题

Manycountrieshavemadeitillegaltotalkintoahand-heldmobilephonewhiledriving.Butthelatestresearchprovidesfurtherconfirmationthatthedangerlieslessinwhatamotorist’shandsdowhenhetakesacalltheninwhattheconversationdoestohisbrain.Evenusinga“hands-free”devicecanimpairadriver’sattentiontoanalarmingextent.

MelinaKunaroftheUniversityofWarwickandToddHorowitzoftheHarvardMedicalSchoolranaseriesofexperimentsinwhichtwogroupsofvolunteershadtopayattentionandrespondtoaseriesofmovingtasksonacomputerscreenthatwerereckonedequivalentindifficultytodriving.Onegroupwasleftundistractedwhiletheotherhadtoengageinaconversationabouttheirhobbiesusingaspeakerphone.AsDr.KunarandDr.HorowitzreportinPsychonomicBulletin&Review,thosewhoweremakingtheequivalentofahands-freecallhadanaveragereactiontime212millisecondsslowerthanthosewhowerenot.That,theycalculate,wouldadd5.7meterstothebrakingdistanceofacartravelingat100kph.Theyfoundthatthegroupusingthehands-freekitmade83percentmoreerrorsintheirtasksthanthosewhowerenottalking.

Theyalsoexploredtheeffectofsimplylisteningtosomething—suchasaradioprogram.ForthistheyplayedarecordingofthefirstchapterofBramStoker’s“Dracula”.Eventhoughthetestsubjectsweretoldtopayattentionbecausetheywouldbeaskedquestionsaboutthestoryafterwards,ithadlittleeffectontheirreactiontime.Dr.Kunarreckonsthathavingtothinkaboutresponsesduringaphoneconversationcompetesforthebrain’sresourcesinawaythatlisteningtoamonologuedoesnot.TheresearchledbyFrankDrewsoftheUniversityofUtahsuggeststhesamethingistrueoftheidlechatterofapassenger.

Punishingpeopleforusinghand-heldgadgetswhiledrivingisdifficultenough,eventhoughtheycanbeseenfromoutsidethecar.Stoppingpeoplemakinghands-freecallswouldprobablybeimpossible—especiallybecausemoreandmorevehiclesarenowbeingfittedwiththenecessaryequipmentasstandard.Persuadingpeopletoswitchtheirphonesoffaltogetherwhentheygetbehindthewheelmightbetheonlyanswer.Whoknows,theymightevencometoenjoynothavingtotakecalls.Andthey’llbemorelikelytoarriveinonepiece.

1.Whichbodypartismostaffectedbytalkingintoacellphonewhendriving?

2.InKunarandHorowitz’sexperiment,thesubjectswhoperformtaskswhiletalking____.

3.AccordingtoFrankDrews,listeningtoapassengertalking____.

4.Thelawforbiddingtheuseofhand-heldphoneswhendriving____.

5.Thebesthopeofstoppingpeopleusinghands-freephoneslieswith____.

6.Thepurposeofthepassageisto____.

问题1选项

A.Hands.

B.Feet.

C.Eyes.

D.Thebrain.

问题2选项

A.reactedmorequicklyandmadefewermistakes

B.reactedmorequicklyandmademoremistakes

C.reactedmoreslowlyandmadefewermistakes

D.reactedmoreslowlyandmademoremistakes

问题3选项

A.affectsdriversmorethanaphoneconversation

B.affectsdriversmorethanlisteningtoastory

C.haslesseffectonthedriversthanaphoneconversation

D.haslesseffectonthedriversthanlisteningtoastory

问题4选项

A.isnecessaryandfeasible

B.hasbeenfrequentlybroken

C.willarouseheateddebate

D.hasbeenwidelyobserved

问题5选项

A.thelawmakers

B.carmanufacturers

C.driversthemselves

D.newtechnology6.Thepurposeofthepassageisto____.

问题6选项

A.informpeopleofthedangerofusingphoneswhiledriving

B.callonlawmakerstomakenewlawsontheuseofcellphones

C.offersuggestionsfordriverswhousecellphonewhiledriving

D.weighthebenefitsandharmsofusingphoneswhiledriving

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:D

第3题:C

第4题:B

第5题:C

第6题:A

【解析】1.【选项释义】

Whichbodypartismostaffectedbytalkingintoacellphonewhendriving?身体的哪个部位受开车时对着手机说话的影响最大？

A.Hands.A.手

B.Feet.B.脚

C.Eyes.C.眼睛

D.Thebrain.D.大脑

【考查点】事实细节题。

【解题思路】根据题干关键词talkingintoacellphonewhendriving定位到原文第一段第二句，这句话讲到“最新的研究（thelatestresearch）进一步证实，危险不在于司机打电话时手的动作，而在于谈话对大脑（hisbrain）的影响”，由此可知开车时打电话对大脑的影响最大，D选项“大脑”正确。

【干扰项排除】

A选项“手”，原文虽然提到了手的影响，但是对大脑的影响更大，该选项属于本末倒置；

B选项“脚”，原文并未提及，属于无中生有；

C选项“眼睛”，原文并未提及，属于无中生有。

2.【选项释义】

InKunarandHorowitz’sexperiment,thesubjectswhoperformtaskswhiletalking____.在Kunar和Horowitz的实验中，做任务时说话的实验对象____。

A.reactedmorequicklyandmadefewermistakesA.反应更快，犯的错误更少

B.reactedmorequicklyandmademoremistakesB.反应更快，犯的错误更多

C.reactedmoreslowlyandmadefewermistakesC.反应更慢，犯的错误更少

D.reactedmoreslowlyandmademoremistakesD.反应更慢，犯的错误更多

【考查点】事实细节题。

【解题思路】根据题干关键词KunarandHorowitz’sexperiment定位到原文第2段。本段介绍两人的实验，第3句说到“那些拨打相当于免手电话的人的平均反应时间比没有接听电话的人慢212毫秒（212millisecondsslowerthanthosewhowerenot）”，由此可知，做任务时说话的人反应更慢；本段最后一句说到“他们发现使用免提工具的小组比不说话的小组多出83%的错误（made83percentmoreerrors）”，由此可知，做任务时说话的人犯的错误更多，综上所述，D选项“反应更慢，犯的错误更多”表述正确。

【干扰项排除】A、B、C选项均与原文不符，属于曲解原文。

3.【选项释义】

AccordingtoFrankDrews,listeningtoapassengertalking____.根据FrankDrews的观点，听乘客讲话____。

A.affectsdriversmorethanaphoneconversationA.比电话交谈对司机的影响更大

B.affectsdriversmorethanlisteningtoastoryB.比听故事对司机的影响更大

C.haslesseffectonthedriversthanaphoneconversationC.比电话交谈对司机的影响更小

D.haslesseffectonthedriversthanlisteningtoastoryD.比听故事对司机的影响更小

【考查点】事实细节题。

【解题思路】根据题干关键词FrankDrews定位到原文第3段最后一句，这句话说“FrankDrews的研究表明，乘客的闲聊也是如此（thesame）。”据此，往前定位文中介绍的前一个实验的实验结论。前一句说到“Kunar博士认为，电话交谈时，思考对方的反应会竞争大脑资源（competesforthebrain’sresources），而听一段独白则不会（listeningtoamonologuedoesnot）”，由此可知，该实验的结论是，听一段独白对大脑的影响比电话交谈小。而FrankDrews认为乘客的闲聊也是如此，即乘客的闲聊对司机的影响也比电话交谈小，C选项“比电话交谈对司机的影响更小”表述正确。

【干扰项排除】

A选项“比电话交谈对司机的影响更大”，与原文意思相反，属于反向干扰；

B选项“比听故事对司机的影响更大”，原文并未有“听故事”和“与乘客闲聊”两者之间的比较，该选项属于无中生有；

D选项“比听故事对司机的影响更小”，原文并未有“听故事”和“与乘客闲聊”两者之间的比较，该选项属于无中生有。

4.【选项释义】

Thelawforbiddingtheuseofhand-heldphoneswhendriving____.法律禁止在开车时使用手持电话____。

A.isnecessaryandfeasibleA.是必要和可行的

B.hasbeenfrequentlybrokenB.经常被违反

C.willarouseheateddebateC.将引起激烈的争论

D.hasbeenwidelyobservedD.已经被广泛遵守

【考查点】推理判断题。

【解题思路】根据题干关键词forbiddingtheuseofhand-heldphoneswhendriving定位到原文最后一段。本段第一句说到“惩罚那些在开车时使用手持设备的人已经够困难的了（difficultenough），即使他们可以从车外看到。”由此可知，即使警察看到开车的司机用手持设备打电话，惩罚他们也很困难，说明这种现象很常见。本文第一句说到“许多国家已经规定开车时对着手持手机打电话是违法的（illegal）。”综上，B选项“禁止在开车时使用手持电话的法律经常被违反”表述正确。

【干扰项排除】

A选项“是必要和可行的”，原文说惩罚那些违反该法律的人很困难，说明这个法律实行很困难，并不可行，选项表述错误，属于曲解原文；

C选项“将引起激烈的争论”，原文并没有相关表述，该选项属于无中生有；

D选项“已经被广泛遵守”，与原文表述相反，属于反向干扰。

5.【选项释义】

Thebesthopeofstoppingpeopleusinghands-freephoneslieswith____.阻止人们使用免提电话的最大希望在于____。

A.thelawmakersA.法律制定者

B.carmanufacturersB.汽车工厂

C.driversthemselvesC.司机自己

D.newtechnologyD.新的技术

【考查点】事实细节题。

【解题思路】根据题干关键词stoppingpeopleusinghands-freephones定位到原文最后一段。本段倒数第2句说到“唯一的解决办法（theonlyanswer）可能是说服人们在开车时关掉手机（Persuadingpeopletoswitchtheirphonesoff）。”由此可知，阻止人们使用免提电话的最大希望在于说服司机自己关掉手机，C选项“司机自己”表述正确。

【干扰项排除】

A选项“法律制定者”，关于禁止使用手持电话的法律都很难实行，靠法律制定者制定法律阻止使用免提电话也不可行。

B选项“汽车工厂”，原文最后一段第2句说到“现在越来越多的车辆配备了使用免提电话必要的设备（fittedwiththenecessaryequipment）”，因此，汽车工厂是支持使用免提设备的。

D选项“新的技术”，原文并未提及，属于无中生有。

6.【选项释义】

Thepurposeofthepassageisto____.本文的目的是为了____。

A.informpeopleofthedangerofusingphoneswhiledrivingA.告知人们开车时使用手机的危险

B.callonlawmakerstomakenewlawsontheuseofcellphonesB.呼吁立法者制定关于使用手机的新法律

C.offersuggestionsfordriverswhousecellphonewhiledrivingC.为开车时使用手机的司机提供建议

D.weighthebenefitsandharmsofusingphoneswhiledrivingD.权衡开车时使用手机的好处和坏处

【考查点】推理判断题。

【解题思路】本文一共4段，第一段提出观点“打电话影响司机的大脑，开车时打电话，即使是免提电话也很危险”；第2-3段分别介绍两个实验证明打电话对司机大脑的影响；第4段说让司机开车时不打电话只能靠司机自己。本文主体1-3段都在说开车时打电话很危险，因此，本文的目的是A选项“告知人们开车时使用手机的危险”。

【干扰项排除】

B选项“呼吁立法者制定关于使用手机的新法律”，最后一段提到用法律解决这个问题很困难，几乎不可能，所以作者的目的不会是呼吁立法者制定相关法律，属于曲解原文；

C选项“为开车时使用手机的司机提供建议”，本文并未涉及提建议的内容，该选项不是本文的目的，属于无中生有；

D选项“权衡开车时使用手机的好处和坏处”，本文只提到了坏处，没有提到好处，所以本文的目的不是权衡利弊，该选项属于曲解原文。

3.单选题

Herfacegaveher（

）whenshetoldalie.

问题1选项

A.off

B.up

C.out

D.away

【答案】D

【解析】句意:当她撒谎吋，她的面容出卖了她。

考查短语辨析。Giveoff释放，放出，发出（气体、热量、气味等）;giveup放弃,戒除,认输;giveout分发,散发,公开,宣布（消息等）;giveaway错失（优势）,泄露（秘密）,使露出真面目。因此D符合句意。

4.单选题

Forplayersofonlinerole-playinggamessuchasEverQuestandWorldofWarcraft,battlingmonstersandamassingtreasureisanenjoyableformofescapism.Yettherealandvirtualworldsareincreasinglyintertwined.Formanyyears,gameitemssuchasswordsorgoldhavebeentradedonline:virtualobjectsaresoldforrealmoneytothetuneofatleast$100millionayear.Butthelinksbetweenrealandvirtualeconomiesarenowbecomingfarmoreelaborate.

Lastmonth,aProjectEntropiaplayerpaidthegame’screators$26,500foranislandinthegame’svirtualworld.(Hehopestorecoupthemoneythroughtheminingandsellingplotstootherplayers.)Thismonth,anUltimaOnlineplayersetupaschemetoletplayasdonateitemsandcurrencyfortsunamirelief.Currencyexchangesevenallowgamerstomovefundsfromonegametoanother.

Noteveryoneapproves:somegamesbanthesaleofgameitems,afewencourageit,butmostturnablindeye.ButthesaleoftheProjectEntropiaisland,andthepopularityofWorldofWarcraft,agamewhichbansthesaleofin-gameitems,highlightanemergingsplit,saysEdwardCastronova,anexpertonvirtualeconomiesatIndianaUniversity.ProjectEntropiaanditssortareintendedtobealternativerealities,oftenwithastronglibertarianandfree-tradebent.WorldofWarcraftandothersimilargames,incontrast,arefantasieswithastrongsenseoffairplayinwhichstatusmustbeearnedaspartofrags-to-richesstoryline—sotradeingameitemsisdeemedtobeagainsttherules.

Suchbansareimpossibletoenforce.ButWorldofWarcraftisdesignedtomaketradinglessappealing,intwoways.Thefirstisbyimprovingthegamedesign.Iftheearlystagesofagamearetedious,playersaremoreinclinedtoskipthembybuyingratherthanearningin-gameitems.WorldofWarcraftisfunrightfromthestart,whichseemstohavereduceddemandforin-gameitemsoneBay.Tradingcanalsobeasymptomofmismanagementofthein-game’seconomy.Inflationisrampantinmostgames,duetotheconventionthatkillingamonsteryieldsamonetaryreward;risingpricesthenfuelreal-worldtrading.Hutnewergameshavemorecontroloverthemoneysupply,whichseemstoreducesuchtrading.

Normally,thisnewspaper’sdevotiontofreetradeisunwavering.Yet,curbingthetradeofin-gameitemsisdefensible,sincegameeconomiesarcruntomaximizefun,notefficiency.Whilewritinghisforthcomingbook,SyntheticWorlds,Mr.C'astronovahasbeenponderingwhetherrealeconomiescouldberunforfuntoo.“Wouldn'tthattiptheeconomicstextsontheirbeads?”hemuses.

1.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasapossibilityinonlinegaming?

2.Aplayerboughtanislandinanonlinegame（）.

3.AccordingtoPara.3,mostoftheonlinegameswhichhaveaneconomicaspect（）.

4.AccordingtoPara.4,howcanimprovedonlinegamedesignreducethetradeinonlinegame

items?

5.Whichofthefollowingcomesclosesttothenewspaper’sattitudetotradingonlinegameitems?

问题1选项

A.Sellingonlinegamingitemsforrealmoney.

B.Exchangingthecurrencyusedinoneonlinegameforthatusedinanother

C.Donatingmoneytocharity.

D.Payingotheronlinegameplayerstokillmonstersforyou.

问题2选项

A.sothathecouldhavehisownprivateplacetoenjoyonlinegamingwithoutinterferencefromotherplayers

B.sothathecouldconductonlinebusinessusingtheresourcesavailableontheisland

C.sothathecouldcreatehisownalternativeonlinereality

D.becausehewantedtomaximizehisonlineentertainment

问题3选项

A.aresimilartoProjectEntropia

B.aresimilartoWorldofWarcraft

C.placeineffectualbansonthetradingofonlinegameitems

D.neitherencouragenorbanthetradingofonlinegameitems.

问题4选项

A.Thedesignerscanpreventonlinetransactions,suchasthoseateBay.

B.Thedesignerscanmakeitinterestingtoplaythegame’slowerlevels.

C.Thedesignerscanhireeconomiststoadviseonmanagingthegame’seconomy.

D.Thedesignerscanincreasethesupplyoftheonlinecurrencyusedinthegame.

问题5选项

A.Thenewspaperconsidersittobeeconomicallycorrect.

B.Thenewspaperbelievesthatitwouldbegoodtoapplythesystemtotherealworld.

C.Thenewspaperthinksthatonlinegamesareprimarilyforfun,sothereshouldberestrictionsonit.

D.Thenewspaperbelievesthatonlinegamesshouldbefreetomaketheirowndecisionsontheissue.

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:B

第3题:D

第4题:B

第5题:C

【解析】1.细节事实题。由第二段“Lastmonth,aProjectEntropiaplayerpaidthegame’screators$26,500foranislandinthegame’svirtualworld.(Hehopestorecoupthemoneythroughtheminingandsellingplotstootherplayers.)Thismonth,anUltimaOnlineplayersetupaschemetoletplayasdonateitemsandcurrencyfortsunamirelief.Currencyexchangesevenallowgamerstomovefundsfromonegametoanother.上个月，ProjectEntropia的一名玩家向游戏开发者支付了2.65万美元，购买了虚拟世界中的一座岛屿。(他希望通过开矿和卖地给其他玩家来收回这笔钱。)本月，一位名叫Ultima的在线玩家设立了一个计划，让playas为海啸救灾捐赠物品和货币。货币兑换甚至允许玩家将资金从一个游戏转移到另一个游戏。”可知在线游戏能够捐献资金给慈善事业，还可以卖掉游戏中的物品来换取钱，还可以兑换货币。故ABC三项在文中都有提及。答案D。

2.细节事实题。由第二段“Lastmonth,aProjectEntropiaplayerpaidthegame’screators$26,500foranislandinthegame’svirtualworld.(Hehopestorecoupthemoneythroughtheminingandsellingplotstootherplayers.)上个月，ProjectEntropia的一名玩家向游戏开发者支付了2.65万美元，购买了虚拟世界中的一座岛屿。(他希望通过开矿和卖地给其他玩家来收回这笔钱。)可知这名玩家想通过他买到的岛屿上的物品在网上做生意。故B项正确。

3.细节事实题。由第三段“Noteveryoneapproves:somegamesbanthesaleofgameitems,afewencourageit,butmostturnablindeye.并不是所有人都赞成:一些游戏禁止销售游戏产品，一些鼓励销售，但大多数都视而不见。”可知大多数游戏在销售游戏产品问题上持中立态度，故D项正确。

4.细节事实题。由第四段“Iftheearlystagesofagamearetedious,playersaremoreinclinedtoskipthembybuyingratherthanearningin-gameitems.WorldofWarcraftisfunrightfromthestart,whichseemstohavereduceddemandforin-gameitemsoneBay.如果游戏的早期阶段很乏味，玩家会更倾向于通过购买而不是赚取游戏中的物品来跳过这些阶段。《魔兽世界》从一开始就很有趣，这似乎降低了eBay上对游戏内置物品的需求。”可知B项“设计师可以让游戏的低级别变得有趣。”正确。

5.推理判断题。由最后一段“Yet,curbingthetradeofin-gameitemsisdefensible,sincegameeconomiesarcruntomaximizefun,notefficiency.然而，限制游戏内物品的交易是有道理的，因为游戏经济是为了最大化乐趣，而不是效率。”可知C项正确。

5.单选题

Evidence,reference,andfootnotesbythethousandtestifytoascrupulousresearcherwhodoesconsiderablejusticetoafullrangeofdifferenttheoreticalandpoliticalpositions.

问题1选项

A.trustworthy

B.intelligent

C.diligent

D.meticulous

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项“可靠的，信赖的”；B选项“智慧的，聪明的”；C选项“勤勉的，用功的”；D选项“一丝不苟的，小心翼翼的”；题干中scrupulous“小心的，一丝不苟的”，句意：数以千计的证据、参考文献和脚注证明了一位一丝不苟的研究人员，他对各种不同的理论和政治立场都做出了相当公正的评价。因此D选项最符合题意。

6.单选题

Materialculturereferstothetouchable,material“things”一physicalobjectsthatcanbeseen,held,felt,used—thatacultureproduces.Examiningaculture’stoolsandtechnologycantellusaboutthegroup’shistoryandwayoflife.Similarly,researchintothematerialcultureofmusiccanhelpustounderstandthemusic-culture.Themostvividbodyof“things”init,ofcourse,aremusicalinstruments.Wecannothearforourselvestheactualsoundofanymusicalperformancebeforethe1870swhenthephonographwasinvented,sowerelyoninstrumentsforimportantinformationaboutmusic-culturesintheremotepastandtheirdevelopment.Herewehavetwokindsofevidence:instrumentswellpreservedandinstrumentspicturedinart.Throughthestudyofinstruments,aswellaspaintings,writtendocuments,andsoon,wecanexplorethemovementofmusicfromtheNearEasttoChinaoverathousandyearsago,orwecanoutlinethespreadofNearEasterninfluencetoEuropethatresultedinthedevelopmentofmostoftheinstrumentsonthesymphonyorchestra.

Sheetmusicorprintedmusic,too,ismaterialculture.Scholarsoncedefinedfolkmusic-culturesasthoseinwhichpeoplelearnandsingmusicbyearratherthanfromprint，butresearchshowsmutualinfluenceamongoralandwrittensourcesduringthepastfewcenturiesinEurope,BritainandAmerica.Printedversionslimitvarietybecausetheytendtostandardizeanysong,yettheystimulatepeopletocreatenewanddifferentsongs.Besides,theabilitytoreadmusicnotationhasafar-reachingeffectonmusiciansand,whenitbecomeswidespread,onthemusic-cultureasawhole.

Musicisdeep-rootedintheculturalbackgroundthatfostersit.Wenowpaymoreandmoreattentiontotraditionalorethnicfeaturesinfolkmusicandarewillingtopreservethefolkmusicaswedowithmanytraditionalculturalheritage.Musiciansallovertheworldarebusywithrecordingclassicmusicintheircountryforthesakeoftheiruniqueculture.Asalways,people’saspirationwillalwaysfocusontheirindividualityratherthanuniversalfeaturesthataresharedbyallculturesalike.

Onemoreimportantpartofmusic’smaterialcultureshouldbesingledout:theinfluenceoftheelectronicmedia—radio,recordplayer,taperecorder,andtelevision,withthefuturepromisingtalkingandsingingcomputersandotherdevelopments.Thisisallpartofthe“information-revolution”,atwentiethcenturyphenomenonasimportantastheindustrialrevolutioninthenineteenth.Theseelectronicmediaarenotjustlimitedtomodernnations;theyhaveaffectedmusic-culturesallovertheglobe.

1.Researchintothematerialcultureofanationisofgreatimportancebecause（

）.

2.Itcanbelearnedfromthispassagethat（

）.

3.Accordingtotheauthor,musicnotationisimportantbecause（

）

4.Itcanbeconcludedfromthepassagethattheintroductionofelectronicmediaintothe

worldofmusic（

）

5.Whichofthefollowingbestsummarizesthemainideaofthepassage?

问题1选项

A.ithelpsproducenewculturaltoolsandtechnology

B.itcanreflectthedevelopmentofthenation

C.ithelpsunderstandthenation’spastandpresent

D.itcandemonstratethenation’scivilization

问题2选项

A.theexistenceofthesymphonywasattributedtothespreadofNearEasternandChinesemusic

B.NearEasternmusichadaninfluenceonthedevelopmentoftheinstrumentsinthesymphonyorchestra

C.thedevelopmentofthesymphonyshowsthemutualinfluenceofEasternandWesternmusic

D.themusicalinstrumentsinthesymphonyorchestraweredevelopedonthebasisofNearEasternmusic

问题3选项

A.ithasagreateffectonthemusic-cultureasmoreandmorepeopleareabletoreadit

B.ittendstostandardizefolksongswhenitisusedbyfolkmusicians

C.itistheprintedversionofstandardizedfolkmusic

D.itencouragespeopletopopularizeprintedversionsofsongs

问题4选项

A.hasbroughtaboutaninformationrevolution

B.hasspeededupthearrivalofanewgenerationofcomputes

C.hasgivenrisetonewformsofmusicculture

D.hasledtothetransformationoftraditionalmusicalinstruments

问题5选项

A.Musicalinstrumentsdevelopedthroughtheyearswillsoonerorlaterbereplacedbycomputers.

B.Musiccannotbepassedontofuturegenerationunlessitisrecorded.

C.Folksongscannotbespreadfarunlesstheyareprintedonmusicsheets.

D.Thedevelopmentofmusiccultureishighlydependentonitsmaterialaspect.

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:D

第3题:A

第4题:C

第5题:D

【解析】1.文章第一段examiningaculture’stoolsandtechnologycantellusaboutthegroup’shistoryandwayoflife提到研究文化相关的工具和技术是为了了解一个国家的历史和生活方式，所以选项C符合题意。

2.文章第一段最后一句wecanoutlinethespreadofNearEasterninfluencetoEuropethatresultedinthedevelopmentofmostoftheinstrumentsonthesymphonyorchestra提到了交响乐团的发展，交响乐是由近东传播到欧洲的，选项D符合题意。

3.文章第二段Besides,theabilitytoreadmusicnotationhasafar-reachingeffectonmusiciansand,whenitbecomeswidespread,onthemusic-cultureasawhole提及阅读乐谱对音乐家产生了深远的影响，并且对音乐文化也有很大的影响，选项A的描述与之相近，因此符合题意。

4.文章最后一段theinfluenceoftheelectronicmedia—radio,recordplayer,taperecorder,andtelevision,withthefuturepromisingtalkingandsingingcomputersandotherdevelopments提到了电子媒体的内容，由此可知就像工业文明导致社会结构变化一样，这些电子媒体会导致一些新的音乐形式出现，选项C符合题意。

5.文章主要提到了音乐的物质文明，比如乐器、乐谱等来讲述音乐文明的发展历程，提到音乐文明的发展离不开物质文明的发展，选项D符合题意。

7.单选题

Iffacedandaccepted,failurecontributespersonalgrowthandoftenleadstoimprovedpersonalrelationships.

问题1选项

A.facedandaccepted

B.contributes

C.leadsto

D.improved

【答案】D

【解析】考查介词用法。to是不定式，后面的动词一般都要跟动词原形，而句子中的improved是过去分词形式，并且leadtodosth.是固定用法。句意：如果面对并接受失败，失败有助于个人成长，并常常导致改善人际关系。因此，该题选择D项。

8.单选题

Chadperformshis24-footaluminumboatpastyoungwillowtreesthatstickoutofthewatersoftheMississippiRiver.Sunshinedancesoffmaples,theirbranchesheavywith（1）springleaves.Buta

（2）inspectiondisclosestroublebehindthebeautifulsight.Rubbishis

（3）inalogjamandhangsfromthetrees’branches.

ForthenextthreehoursChasandhisteampullplasticbags,tanks,bottlesandevenbowlingpinsoutofthewater.Thenthey（4）forapicnictablecaughtinthetrees.

TheMississippiRiverBeautification&RestorationProjectbeganin1997（5）Chad’sone-manefforttopickuprubbishalonga400-milestretchofthe2340-mileriverstarted.Thatyear,oftenworking

（6）,the22-year-oldcleaned150milesofshoreline.

Atfirsttheprojectappearedimpossibleanduseless.ButChadtriedhisbesttofindsupporters,andwiththeirsupporting,hesoonhadanew

（7）andafive-manteam—theBoomCraneCrew.Lastyearalonethecrewpulledfromthewater44051gallondrums,1104tyresandenoughplasticbagstocoverafootballfield.Muchofthewastewillbe（8）.

“Chad’soperationistheonlyone（9）

inprogressontheriver,”saysMarkoftheMississippiRiverBasinAlliance,a（10）ofenvironmentalgroups.“It’sthebiggestI’veeverseenin20years,andheisinspiringotherstodothesame.

问题1选项

A.ripe

B.brown

C.falling

D.fresh

问题2选项

A.slower

B.quicker

C.closer

D.stricter

问题3选项

A.placed

B.piled

C.trapped

D.thrown

问题4选项

A.come

B.give

C.head

D.arrive

问题5选项

A.when

B.by

C.for

D.as

问题6选项

A.alone

B.hard

C.quietly

D.happily

问题7选项

A.car

B.boat

C.plan

D.crew

问题8选项

A.burned

B.buried

C.used

D.recycled

问题9选项

A.eagerly

B.actually

C.strongly

D.generally

问题10选项

A.lab

B.market

C.union

D.meeting

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:C

第3题:C

第4题:C

第5题:D

第6题:A

第7题:B

第8题:D

第9题:B

第10题:C

【解析】（1）考查上下文语义。空格处修饰的词语是leaves“树叶”，其前面还有一个spring“春天的”修饰，春天的树叶应是D选项fresh“新鲜的”。

（2）考查形容词辨析。A选项slower“较慢的”；B选项quicker“快一些”；C选项closer“更近些”；D选项stricter“更严格一点”。句意：但是……的检查揭示了美丽景象背后的问题。只有更仔细些观看才能发现美景后的问题，而仔细看的第一步是“靠近些看”，因此C选项正确。

（3）考查动词辨析。此处为be动词+动词过去分词结构构成复合谓语。A选项place“放置；任命；寄予”；B选项pile“累积；堆积”；C选项trap“使……陷入困境；捕捉”；D选项throw“投掷；抛”。句意：垃圾被漂浮阻塞的木头……，或挂在树枝上。河道上的木头会把垃圾圈起来，一起漂浮在河面，因此C选项正确。

（4）考查固定搭配。本句表示：接着他们驶向卡在树中间的野餐桌。四个选项中只有C选项head才可与空格后的for搭配，headfor表示“向……进发”。

（5）考查时间状语从句的用法。空格前后是两个完整句子，因此空格处应填入关联词，先排除B和C。句中说到的“密西西比河美化和还原项目”开始于Chad的“收集垃圾”行动。因此主句与从句的动作是同时发生的，排除A选项when，D选项正确。

（6）考查副词辨析。空格处词语修饰前面的working因此为副词词性。A选项alone“独自地”；B选项hard“努力地；困难地”；C选项quietly“安静地；秘密地；平稳地”；D选项happily“快乐地；幸福地”。句意：那一年，22岁的他经常……工作，清理了150英里长的海岸线。上一句说到“one-maneffort一个人的努力”，因此A选项workingalone更符合文意。

（7）考查上下文语义。文章开头提到了交通工具“24-footaluminumboat24英尺铝船”，这里对应的交通工具也应是船，指Chad获得支持后，有了新的船和一个五人团队、B选项正确。

（8）上下文语义。上一句说到，收集的垃圾是“gallondrum加仑桶、tyre轮胎和plasticbag塑料袋”，因此这些垃圾应该被recycled“回收利用”，而不是焚烧或掩埋，自然也无法再使用。因此D选项符合题意。

（9）考查副词辨析。A选项eagerly“急切地；渴望地”；B选项actually“实际上；事实上”；C选项strongly“鉴定地；强有力地”；D选项generally“通常；普遍地”。句意：……查德是唯一一个在河上开展此活动的人。综合句意及选项可知，此处B选项“事实上”符合逻辑与语境。

（10）考查名词辨析。A选项lab“实验室”；B选项market“市场；行情”；C选项union“联盟；工会”；D选项meeting“会议；集合”。空格处部分是用来补充说明逗号前的“theMississippiRiverBasinAlliance密西西比河流域联盟”，因此只有C选项符合题意。

9.不定项选择题

“Ijustcouldn’tdoit.Idon’tknowwhatitis.It’snotembarrassment.Nothat’snotit.Yousee,you’reputtingyourheadinanoose;that’swhatitseemstome.”Derek,anarmedrobberwithalongrecordofjobs,wastalkingabouthoisting(shop-lifting).“NoIjustcouldn'tdoit.Imeanjustgoinginthere.”Hepausedtotrytofundamoreexactwayoffixing;hisantipathy.“Itellyouwhat.It’stooblatantformyliking.”

Itseemedafannywaytoputit.Pushingacoupleoftiesinyourpocketatashopwashardlythelastwordinextroversion,andevenabitonthediscreetsidewhencomparedtoallthatfiringofshotgunsandvaultingovercounterswhichmadeupthetypicalbankraid.

Butmyideasofshop-liftingwerestillboundupwithteenagememoriesofnickingpacketsofchewinggumfromthelocalnewsagents.Alotofguiltandnotmuchloot.Afterafewconversationswithprofessionalholsters,Irealizedthat“blatant”wasjustaboutright.

Nobodytookacoupleoftiestheytookthewholerack.Thefastmemberofthegangwouldwalkinniceandpurposefully.Theirjobwastosetupthegoods:perhapsputanelasticbawdroundtheendsofafewdozensilkscarves;movethevaluablepiecesofjewellerynearertheedgeofthecounter;slidethetiesontherackintoacompactbunch.Then,winesomebodyelsedivertstheassistantorprovidessomefortofmasking,thethirdmemberliftsthelot.

Ifthewalktothedoorisalittlelong,thentheremaybesomeoneelsetotakeoverforthelaststretch.Nooneisinpossessionformorethanafewseconds,andtherearealwaysacoupleofsparebodiestoobstructanyonewhoseemstobegettingtoonearthecarrier.

Storedetectiveswhomoveforwardwithwell-foundedsuspicionsmaystillfindthemselvesclutchingemptyair.Storedetectiveswatchforthreemaingive-sways:anysortofloiteringwhichlooksdifferentfromtheusualhangingaroundandditheringthatcharacterizestherealcustomer;anycovertcontactbetweenindividualsshownnoothersignofknowingeachother;anyover-friendlinesstowardssalesstaffwhichmightbeactingasadistraction.“There’soneotherlittleangle”saidonedetective.“Ioftenpoproundthebackstairs;that’swhereyou’lloccasionallyfindoneofthem;tryingtorelaxandgetthemselvesintherightmoodbeforestartingthenextjob.”

1.Thebankrobberwouldn’tconsidershop-liftingbecause（）.

2.Thewritersexperienceledtothinkthatmostshop-lifters（）.

3.Theroleofthefirstmemberofthegangisto（）.

4.Professionalshop-liftersavoidbeingcaughtintheactby（）.

5.Potentialshop-liftersmaybeidentifiedwhenthey（）.

问题1选项

A.itwasbeneathhisdignity

B.thepenaltiesweretoohigh

C