考研考博-英语-厦门华天涉外职业技术学院考试押题三合一+答案详解1

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-厦门华天涉外职业技术学院考试押题三合一+答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.单选题

Thosepersonswhosereligious（）heavilyreliedonrituals，suchasinfantbap-

tism,weremorelikelytosupporttheDemocrats.

问题1选项

A.confession

B.condemnation

C.establishment

D.acknowledgement

【答案】A

【解析】名词辨析。句意：那些宗教（）极为依赖诸如婴儿洗礼等仪式的人更可能支持民主党。A选项confession忏悔，承认；B选项condemnation谴责，定罪；C选项establishment建立；D选项acknowledgement承认，确认。A选项confession符合句意。

2.单选题

Ihavefoundthattheeffectofcomicbookstobefirstofallanti-educational.Theyinterferewitheducationinthelargersense.Forchildren,educationisnotmerelyaquestionoflearning,butisapartofmentalhealth.Theydonot“learn”onlyinschool;theylearnalsoduringplay,fromentertainment,andinsociallifewithadultsandwithotherchildren.Totakelargechunksoftimeoutofachild’slife——timeduringwhichheorsheisnotpositively,thatis,educationally,occupied——meanstointerferewithhealthfulmentalgrowth.

Tomakeasharpdistinctionbetweenentertainmentandlearningispoorpedagogy,andevenworsepsychology.Agreatdealoflearningcomesintheformofentertainment,andagreatdealofentertainmentpainlesslyteachesimportantthings.Bynostretchofcriticalstandardscanthetextincomicsqualifyasliterature,orthedrawingsasart.Childrenspendanenormousamountoftimeoncomicbooks,buttheirgainisnil.Theydonotlearnhowtoreadaseriousbookormagazine.TheydonotgainatruepictureoftheWestfromthe“Westerns.”Theydonotlearnaboutanynormalaspectsofsex,love,orlife.Ihaveknownmanyadultswhohavetreasuredthroughouttheirlivessomeofthebookstheyreadaschildren.Ihavenevercomeacrossanyadultoradolescentwhohadoutgrowncomicbookreadingwhowoulddreamofkeepinganyofthesebooksforanysentimentalorotherreason.Inotherwords,childrenspendalargeamountoftimeandmoneyonthesepublicationsandhavenothingpositivetoshowforit.Andsincealmostallgoodchildren’sreadinghassomeeducationalvalue,comicsbytheirnaturearenotonlynon-educational;theyareanti-educational.Theyfailtoteachanythingthatmightbeusefultoachild;theydosuggestmanythingsthatareharmful.

1.Theauthorwouldmostlikelyagreethatcomicbooks（

）.

2.Inline2,theunderlinedword“question”mostnearlymeans

（

）.

3.Theauthorcriticizesthosewhowould“makeasharpdistinction”(line7)becausetheauthorbelievesthat

（

）.

4.Inlines11-13,thethreesentencesbeginningwith‘"they”primarilyserveto

（

）.

5.Thetoneofthispassagecanbestbedescribedas（

）.

问题1选项

A.impairsocialdevelopment

B.couldbenefitfromself-regulation

C.havenoeducationalvalue

D.areobtainedtooeasily

问题2选项

A.matter

B.request

C.objection

D.possibility

问题3选项

A.thebesteducatorsarealsoentertainersofasort

B.withoutentertainmentlittlelearningtakesplace

C.entertainmentandlearningarecloselyinterrelated

D.textbooksoftenadoptcertainhumoroustechniques

问题4选项

A.lamentstudents’lackofinterestintraditionallearning

B.condemnthosewhoprofitbypanderingtochildren

C.indicatewaysinwhichchildrenareshortchanged

D.specifyhowcomicbooksmightbeimproved

问题5选项

A.facetious

B.severe

C.sarcastic

D.analytical

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:A

第3题:C

第4题:A

第5题:D

【解析】1.考察判断推理。文章第一二句Ihavefoundthattheeffectofcomicbookstobefirstofallanti-educational.Theyinterferewitheducationinthelargersense.提到作者认为连环漫画册是反教育的，在很大程度上干扰了教育。教育受阻碍，社会发展肯定会被阻碍。选项A符合题意。

2.考察词义。文章第一段第三句Forchildren,educationisnotmerelyaquestionoflearning,butisapartofmentalhealth提到对于孩子来说，教育不仅仅是学习的问题，而是精神健康的一部分。question与matter是近义词，选项A符合题意。

3.考察判断推理。文章第二段第一句Tomakeasharpdistinctionbetweenentertainmentandlearningispoorpedagogy,andevenworsepsychology.提到把娱乐和学习区分开来是错误的教学方式，更是糟糕的心理学教育。由此可以看出作者认为娱乐与教育是密不可分的。选项C符合题意。

4.判断推理题。文章第二段第四句Childrenspendanenormousamountoftimeoncomicbooks,buttheirgainisnil提到孩子们花费大量时间在漫画连环册上，但是没有从中学习到任何东西。作者接下来用了三个以“they”开头的句子来说明现在的孩子对传统的学习方法不感兴趣：他们不学习怎样去阅读严肃的书籍或者杂志；他们并不能从Western这部电影中真正了解西部人；他们也没有学习到关于性别、爱情或者生活的知识（Theydonotlearnhowtoreadaseriousbookormagazine.TheydonotgainatruepictureoftheWestfromthe“Westerns.”Theydonotlearnaboutanynormalaspectsofsex,love,orlife）。选项A符合题意，作者对此感到惋惜。

5.考察观点态度。作者在文章中有理有据，通过各种事实来分析漫画连环册对教育的干。选项D符合题意。facetious“诙谐的”；severe“严峻的”；sarcastic“讽刺的”；analytical“分析的”。

3.单选题

Toeverybody’ssurprise,therefereetooka（

）viewofthefoulanddidnotpunishtheplayeratall.

问题1选项

A.lenient

B.divergent

C.dim

D.cautious

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容词辨析。lenient宽大的，仁慈的；divergent有分歧的；dim暗淡的，昏暗的；cautious小心的，谨慎的。句意：让所有人出乎意料的是，裁判员对这次犯规采取了宽容的态度，一点也没有惩罚参赛选手。由didnotpunishtheplayeratall可知裁判采取了宽容的态度。A项正确。答案A

4.单选题

Everyyearthousandsofpeoplearearrestedandtakentocourtforshop-lifting.InBritainalone,aboutHK$3000000'sworthofgoodsarestolenfromshopseveryweek.Asaresultofthis"shrinkage"astheshopscallit,thehonestpublichastopayhigherprices.

Shop-lifterscanbedividedintothreemaincategories:theprofessionals,thedeliberateamateurs,andthepeoplewhojustcan'thelpthemselves.Theprofessionalsdonotposemuchofaproblemforthestoredetectives,who,assistedbyclosedcircuittelevisionandvariousothertechnologicaldevices,canusuallycopewiththem.Theprofessionalstendtogoforhighvaluegoodsinpartsoftheshopswheresecuritymeasuresaretightest.And,inanycase,theyaccountforonlyasmallpercentageofthetotallossesduetoshop-lifting.

Thesameappliestothedeliberateamateurwhoistospeak,aprofessionalintraining.Mostofthemgetcaughtsoonerorlater,andtheyaredealtwithseverelybythecourts.

Therealproblemisthepersonwhogiveswaytoasuddentemptationandisinallotherrespectsanhonestandlaw-abidingcitizen.Contrarytowhatonewouldexpect,thiskindofship-lifterisrarelypoor.HedoesnotstealbecauseheneedsthegoodsandcannotaffordtopayforthemHestealsbecausehesimplycannotstophimself.Andtherearecountlessotherswho,becauseofagesicknessorplainabsent-mindedness,simplyforgettopayforwhattheytakefromtheshops.

Inordertopreventthegrowthonship-liftingoffences,somestores,infactaredoingtheirbesttoseparatethethievesfromtheconfusedbyprohibitingcustomersfromtakingbagsintothestore.However,whatismostworryingaboutthewholeproblemisthatitisyetanotherinstanceoftheinnocentmajoritybeingpenalizedandinconveniencedbecauseoftheactionsofasmallminority.Itistheaircrafthijacksituationinantherform.Becauseofthepossibilityofonepassengerinamillionboardinganaircraftwithaweapon,theother999999passengersmuchsubjectthemselvestosearchesanddelays.Unlessthesituationintheshopsimproves,intenyears'timewemayallhavetosubjectourselvestoabody-searcheverytimewegointoastoretobuyatinofbeans!

1.Whydoesthehonestpublichavetopayhigherpriceswhentheygototheshops?

2.Thethirdgroupofpeoplestealthingsbecausethey（）.

3.Accordingtothepassagelaw-abidingcitizens（）.

4.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaboutthemaintypesofshop-lifting?

5.Theaircrafthijacksituationisusedinordertoshowthat（）.

问题1选项

A.Thereisa"shrinkage"inmarketvalues.

B.Manygoodsarenotavailable.

C.Goodsinmanyshopslackvariety.

D.Therearemanycasesofshop-lifting.

问题2选项

A.arementallyill

B.arequiteabsent-minded

C.cannotresistthetemptation

D.cannotaffordtopayforthegoods

问题3选项

A.canpossiblystealthingsbecauseoftheirpoverty

B.canpossiblytakeawaygoodswithoutpaying

C.haveneverstolengoodsfromthesupermarkets

D.aredifficulttobecaughtwhentheystealthings

问题4选项

A.Abigpercentageofthetotallossesarecausedbytheprofessional.

B.Thedeliberateamateurswillbepunishedseverelyiftheygetcaught.

C.Peoplewouldexpectthatthosewhocan'thelpthemselvesfromstealingarepoor.

D.Theprofessionalsdon'tcausealotoftroubletothestoredetectives.

问题5选项

A."theprofessionalsdonotposemuchofproblemforthestores"

B.somepeople"simplyforgettopayforwhattakefromtheshops"

C."thehonestpublichastopayhigherprices"

D.thethirdtypeofshop-liftersaredangerouspeople

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:C

第3题:B

第4题:A

第5题:C

【解析】1.细节判断题。根据关键词"thehonestpublic"定位到第一段的最后一句"Asaresultofthis"shrinkage"astheshopscallit,thehonestpublichastopayhigherprices."由于商家所谓的"由偷窃造成的损失",诚实的公众因此而付出了更高的代价。结合上文可知"shrinkage"指店内行窃案件,所以选项D更准确。

2.细节判断题。根据第二段的首句"Shop-lifterscanbedividedintothreemaincategories:theprofessionals,thedeliberateamateurs,andthepeoplewhojustcan'thelpthemselves."商店行窃者可分为三大类:专业扒手、蓄意的业余扒手和控制不了盗窃冲动的扒手。所以第三类人就是无法抵挡诱惑的人,选项C符合原文。

3.细节推断题。根据关键词"law-abiding"定位到第四段。根据本段内容可知：那些禁受不住诱惑的人,往往在其他方面是遵纪守法的好公民,他们很少是家境贫困的。他们偷东西不是因为付不起钱,而是心不在焉拿走东西忘记付钱了。所以选项A表述错误,他们并不贫穷;选项C也表述错误;选项D在文中没有提及;所以只有选项B符合原文句意。

4.细节推断题。根据笫二段的最后一句"they（theprofessional）accountforonlyasmallpercentageofthetotallossesduetoshop-lifting"可知选项A错误,而选项D正确;根据第三段"Mostofthemgetcaughtsoonerorlater,andtheyaredealtwithseverelybythecourts."可知选项B正确;根据四段的第二句"Contrarytowhatonewouldexpect,thiskindofship-lifterisrarelypoor."这类盗贼并不贫穷,那么言下之意就是人们认为盗贼应该是贫穷的。所以选项C也正确。只有选项A表述错误。

5.细节推断题。根据原文上一句"itisyetanotherinstanceoftheinnocentmajoritybeingpenalizedandinconveniencedbecauseoftheactionsofasmallminority."这是由于一小部分人的做法给大多数无辜的人带来了惩罚和不便的又一个例子。也就是第一段所说的：公众因此而付出了更高的代价。所以选项C正确。

5.单选题

Menandwomenofallagescanbenefitfrom（）amountsofdailyphysicalexercise.

问题1选项

A.desperate

B.considerate

C.literate

D.moderate

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项desperate“绝望的；不顾一切的”；B选项considerate“体贴的；考虑周到的”；C选项literate“精通文学的；受过教育的”；D选项moderate“稳健的；适中的；有节制的”。句意：所有年龄段的男性和女性都可以通过（）的每日体育锻炼受益。根据语境，moderate“适中的；有节制的”搭配physicalexercise“体育锻炼”比较合理。因此D选项正确。

6.单选题

Itwasno________thathiscarwasseennearthebankatthetimeoftherobbery.

问题1选项

A.coincidence

B.convention

C.certainty

D.complication

【答案】A

【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项“巧合，一致发生”；B选项“大会，公约”；C选项“确认”；D选项“并发症，复杂”。句意：在银行被抢的时候他的车被看到停在附近，这绝对不是（）。根据句意，这个人在推测为什么正好在银行被抢的时候在附近看到了他的车，会不会也太巧了。这里结合选项应该选A。

7.单选题

Presumably,excessiveconsumptionoffriedfoodshasseriousconsequencesashasbeenproved.

问题1选项

A.Theoretically

B.Practically

C.Incredibly

D.Probably

【答案】D

【解析】考查副词辨析。presumably“大概；推测起来；可假定”；A选项theoretically“理论地；理论上”；B选项practically“实际地；几乎；事实上”；C选项incredibly“难以置信地；非常地”；D选项probably“大概；或许；很可能”。句意：据推测，过量食用油炸食品会产生严重的后果，这已被证明。根据句中“excessiveconsumptionoffriedfoods吃油炸食品过多”可知presumably在这里应表示一种推测，因此D选项正确。

8.单选题

GreatBritainusedtobecalledempireonwhichsunneversets.Butitsnavalforcewasalmost（

）duringtheattack.

问题1选项

A.annihilated

B.prohibited

C.diminished

D.empowered

【答案】A

【解析】【试题解析】考查动词辨析。A选项annihilate“彻底消灭”；B选项prohibit“阻止，禁止”；C选项diminish“减少，缩小”；D选项empower“使自主；授权”。填入一个过去分词构成被动语态，But表示转折关系，由关键信息navalforce“海军力量”可知annihilate“彻底消灭”的过去分词annihilated符合题意，句意为：英国曾经被称作日不落帝国。但它的海军力量几乎在进攻期间被彻底消灭。故答案选A。

9.单选题

Theworkthatwomendohasalwaysbeenfundamentaltotheglobaleconomy.Buttheircontributionhasn’tregisteredwithtraditionaleconomicinstitutionsbecausesomuchofithasbeennonmonetary.Infact,onecommoneconomictermfornonmonetaryworkisinactivity.It’sthatattitudethathasmadewomen’sworkinvisible.Nowonderthebattlecryofthewomen’smovementwasequality.

Bymovingintotheworldofpaidwork,inrichcountriesatleast,womenhaveindeeduppedtheirvisibility.ButIdoubtthatyoucould,makeaveryconclusivecasethattheyhavebecomeequaltomen.TheUnitedNationsestimatedin1993thateconomicequalitybetweenthesexeswouldtake,atthepacethenprevailing,1,000yearstoachieve.Themedialovefemalehighfliers,thehandfulofcompanydirectorsandCEOswhoaretrottedouttimeandagainasevidenceofthegainswomenhavemade.Buttheyarenottrulyrepresentativeoftheaverageworkingwoman,saddledwithadoubleburdenasshetriestobalanceherjobwithlifeasamotherandhomemaker.

Thisbalancingactisaformulaforunfulfillment.Itwouldhavebeenfarmoreequitableforwomeninthelongrunifitwasthenonmonetaryworkthathadbeensharedout—if,forexample,menspentmorethanafractionofthetimewiththeirchildrenthattheirwivesdo.AndIbelievethat,inpractice,mostwomenwouldprefersimplefairnesstoeconomicequality.AsmyfriendHazelHendersonsays,ourkidsdidn’twanttoseeusturnintothebestbloodymen.

Still,it’sverymuchatrendtofocusontheglobaleconomicimpactofwomen,particularlyasit’sfeltinthesmall-scaleinitiativesthatwomenhaveestablishedaroundtheworld.Dealingdirectlywitheconomicallymarginalizedcommunitiesandcooperativesaroundtheglobe,I’veseenhowwomenholdasocietytogether.Economicopportunitymeansmuchmoretothemthanmoney.Italsofostersthefundamentalsofself-esteem:education,healthcare,culturalcontinuityandthechancetoprotectthepastwhileshapingafuture.

Asenseofcommunityisoneoftheso-called“feminine”valuesthatethicalbusinessthinkersputforwardintheirquestfornewparadigms.Thesevaluesreflectintimatepersonalandculturalattributesthatareinmanywaysthereverseoftheglobal-marketsyndrome,whichisallaboutdistance,impersonalityandthemovementofcapitalregardlessofhumanconsequence.Youdon’thavetowonderwhatwouldhappenifwecouldfeminizeeconomicactivityandeconomicrelations.Thereisalreadyplentyofevidenceintheworkofsomepioneeringfemalethinkerswhoseconcernaboutthesocietytheirchildrenwillinheritpromisestofundamentallychangeglobaleconomics.

Infact,mostofthefinancialsector’sinnovativethinkingonsociallyresponsiveinvestinghascomefromwomen.WhyamInotsurprised?Globalizationisamug’sgamebeingplayedinaMan’sworld.Icanimagineadaywhencompassioncountsasmuchascashflow.Afterall,thechallengesthatconfrontthebusinessworldalreadydemandaholisticperspective.Andwhoisgoingtobebestequippedtofacethatfuture?

1.Accordingtothewriter,mostwomen（）.

2.Theexpression"saddledwith"inLine10ofParagraph2means（）.

3.Thefifthparagraphsuggeststhatineconomicactivityandeconomicrelations,women（）.

4.Bysaying"Globalizationisamug'sgamebeingplayedinaman'sworld",thewritermeans（）.

5.Thewriterimpliesinthelastparagraphthatthepersonswhoaregoingtobebestequippedinworldeconomyare（）.

问题1选项

A.wanttodemonstratehowresponsibletheyareindoingbusiness

B.areignorantoftheglobaleconomy

C.justseeksimplefairnessratherthanequality

D.arefedupwiththeirhusbands'spendinglesstimetheirchildren

问题2选项

A.letdown

B.putupwith

C.playedup

D.burdenedwith

问题3选项

A.aremuchmorecompassionatethanmen

B.arelessqualifiedthanmen

C.canmakealotofintimatefriends

D.attachmuchimportancetoeconomicconsequences

问题4选项

A.itismenwhocanreallyhavetheeconomicglobalizationmaterialized

B.menareunlikelytosucceedineconomicglobalization

C.mendonottakeeconomicglobalizationseriously

D.itisapieceofcakeformentoglobalizetheworldeconomy

问题5选项

A.universitystudents

B.futurists

C.men

D.women

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:D

第3题:A

第4题:B

第5题:D

【解析】1.根据第三段的倒数第二句“AndIbelievethat,inpractice,mostwomenwouldprefersimplefairnesstoeconomicequality.”我认为，实际上大多数女性更喜欢简单的公平，而不是经济上的平等。选项C符合原文。

2.根据第二段的最后一句“Buttheyarenottrulyrepresentativeoftheaverageworkingwoman,saddledwithadoubleburdenasshetriestobalanceherjobwithlifeasamotherandhomemaker.”但她们并不能真正代表普通职业女性，在努力平衡工作与母亲和家庭生活的过程中，她们背负着双重负担。选项D符合原文。

3.第五段的内容主要是讲共同体意识也是商业伦理思想者提倡的所谓的“女性”价值之一。它与只着眼于金钱，而不考虑人格和文化特征的全球经济模式不同。根据第六段提到的，由于未来的商业社会要求采取整体性思维和更具同情心，而女性在这样的环境中更有发展，所以选项A符合原文。

4.“mug'sgame”指费力不讨好的事。这里指商业世界面临的挑战已经需要一个全面的视角。说明男性在经济全球化中不太可能成功。选项B符合原文。

5.根据最后一段的第一句“mostofthefinancialsector'sinnovativethinkingonsociallyresponsiveinvestinghascomefromwomen.”财政部门大多数对社会负责的投资具有创新思维的建议来自女性。说明作者认为女性在未来社会中的地位将会更加举足轻重。选项D正确。

10.单选题

Byprovidinglegalrepresentation,theAmericanCivilLibertiesUnionworkstodefendcitizensagainstbreachesoftheircivilrights.

问题1选项

A.branches

B.exercises

C.performance

D.violations

【答案】D

【解析】考查名词辨析。breach表示“违反，缺口”；A项branch“树枝”，B项exercise“运动，练习”，C项performance“表现，性能”，D项violation“违反，妨碍”。句意：通过提供法律代理，美国公民自由联盟致力于保护公民的公民权利不受侵犯。根据句意该题选D。

11.单选题

Iwantsomething（

）placedinthiswindowsothatnoonewillbeabletowatchme.

问题1选项

A.crotchety

B.opaque

C.inductive

D.incongruous

【答案】B

【解析】考察形容词词义辨析。crotchety“有怪想的”；opaque“不透明的”；inductive“感应的；诱导的”；incongruous“不协调的，不一致的”。句意：我想放一些不透明的东西到窗户上，这样就没人能看见我了。选项B符合题意。

12.单选题

FollowingtheguidelinesforspeakingandvotingestablishedbythebookRobert'sRulesofOrder,（

）duringthemeeting.

问题1选项

A.andavoidlargedecision-makingorganizations’proceduralcanfusion

B.largedecision-makingorganizationsavoidproceduralconfusion

C.isproceduralconfusionavoidedbylargedecision-makingorganizations

D.areavoidingproceduralconfusioninlargedecision-makingorganizations

【答案】B

【解析】考查主谓结构。题干主语为Followingtheguidelines，其后的forspeakingandvotingestablishedbythebookRobert'sRulesofOrder是后置定语。句意：遵循罗伯特的《议事规则》这本书里的指导方针，大型决策机构可以避免会议中的程序混乱。C项意思不符，D项主谓不一致，A项结构不对，故答案为B。

13.单选题

Iamsurethatdiseasemustpropagateinsuchunsanitaryandcrowdedareas.

问题1选项

A.eliminate

B.transmit

C.replace

D.isolate

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A选项eliminate“消除；排除”；B选项transmit“传输；传播；发射；传达；遗传”；C选项replace“取代，代替；替换，更换；归还，偿还；把……放回原处”；D选项isolate“（使）隔离，孤立；将……剔出；（某物质、细胞等）分离；区别看待（观点、问题等）”。句意：我相信疾病一定会在这样不卫生、拥挤的地方传播。结合此处关键词propagate“传播；传送；繁殖；宣传”，得知B选项正确。

14.单选题

Ifyouwanttoteachyourchildrenhowtosaysorry,youmustbegoodatsayingityourself,especiallytoyourownchildren.Buthowyousayitcanbequitetricky.

Ifyousaytoyourchildren"I'msorryIgotangrywithyou,but..."whatfollowsthat"but"canrendertheapologyineffective:"Ihadabadday"or"yournoisewasgivingmeaheadache"leavesthepersonwhohasbeeninjuredfeelingthatheshould-beapologizingforhisbadbehaviorinexpectinganapology.

Anothermethodbywhichpeopleappeartoapologizewithoutactuallydoingsoistosay"I'msorryyou'reupset";thissuggeststhatyouaresomehowatfaultforallowingyourselftogetupsetbywhattheotherpersonhasdone.

Thenthereisthegeneral,allcoveringapology,whichavoidsthenecessityofidentifyingaspecificactthatwasparticularlyhurtfulorinsulting,andwhichthepersonwhoisapologizingshouldpromisenevertodoagain.Saying"I'muselessasaparent"doesnotcommitapersontoanyspecificimprovement.

Thesepseudo-apologiesareusedbypeoplewhobelievesayingsorryshowsweakness.Parentswhowishtoteachtheirchildrentoapologizeshouldseeitasasignofstrength,andthereforenotresorttothesepseudo-apologies.

Butevenwhenpresentedwithexamplesofgenuinecontrition,childrenstillneedhelptobecomeawareofthecomplexitiesofsayingsorry.Athree-year-oldmightneedhelpinunderstandingthatotherchildren,feelpainjustashedoes,andthathittingaplaymateovertheheadwithaheavytoyrequiresanapology.Asix-year-oldmightneedremindingthatspoilingotherchildren'sexpectationscanrequireanapology.A12-year-olclmightneedtobeshownthatraidingthebiscuittinwithoutaskingpermissionisacceptable,butthatborrowingaparent'sclotheswithoutpermissionisnot.

1.Ifamotheradds"but"toanapology,（）.

2.Accordingtotheauthor,saying"I'msorryyou'reupset"mostprobablymeans（）.

3.Itisnotadvisabletousethegeneral,all-coveringapologybecause（）.

4.Welearnfromthelastparagraphthatinteachingchildrentosaysorry（）.

5.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatapologizingproperlyis（）.

问题1选项

A.shedoesn'tfeelthatsheshouldhaveapologized

B.shedoesnotrealizethatthechildhasbeenhurt

C.thechildmayfindtheapologyeasiertoaccept

D.thechildmayfeelthat,heowesheranapology

问题2选项

A.Youhavegoodreasontogetupset

B.I'mawareyou'reupset,butI'mnottoblame

C.Iapologizeforhurtingyourfeelings

D.I’matfaultformakingyouupset

问题3选项

A.itgetsoneintothehabitofmakingemptypromises

B.itmaymaketheotherpersonfeelguilty

C.itisvagueandineffective

D.itishurtfulandinsulting

问题4选项

A.thecomplexitiesinvolvedshouldbeignored

B.theiragesshouldbetakenintoaccount

C.parentsneedtosetthemagoodexample

D.parentsshouldbepatientandtolerant

问题5选项

A.asocialissuecallingforimmediateattention

B.notnecessaryamongfamilymembers

C.asignofsocialprogress

D.notassimpleasitseems

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:B

第3题:C

第4题:B

第5题:D

【解析】1.判断推理题。根据题干定位到第二段"Ifyousaytoyourchildren"I'msorryIgotangrywithyou,but..."whatfollowsthat"but"canrendertheapologyineffective:"Ihadabadday"or"yournoisewasgivingmeaheadache"leavesthepersonwhohasbeeninjuredfeelingthatheshould-beapologizingforhisbadbehaviorinexpectinganapology."可知如果在道歉后加了"but"，那么会使那个受伤的人感觉为了得到别人的道歉，他得先为自己不好的行为道歉。与D项“这个孩子可能会觉得他欠他妈妈一个道歉”相符。故D项正确。

2.判断推理题。根据题干定位到第三段"I'msorryyou'reupset";thissuggeststhatyouaresomehowatfaultforallowingyourselftogetupsetbywhattheotherpersonhasdone."如果这样道歉——“我很抱歉你生气了”;这表明你在某种程度上是错误的，因为你让自己被别人的所作所为弄得心烦意乱。”由此可知道歉人其实并没有真正地道歉，而是认为别人是由于自己的原因而心情不好。与B项相符。

3.判断推理题。根据题干定位到第四段"Saying"I'muselessasaparent"doesnotcommitapersontoanyspecificimprovement."如果家长道歉说“我是个没用的家长”并不能让一个人得到任何具体的改善。可知用这种道歉方法是无效的。故C项正确。

4.判断推理题。Butevenwhenpresentedwithexamplesofgenuinecontrition,childrenstillneedhelptobecomeawareofthecomplexitiesofsayingsorry.Athree-year-oldmightneedhelpinunderstandingthatotherchildren,feelpainjustashedoes,andthathittingaplaymateovertheheadwithaheavytoyrequiresanapology.Asix-year-oldmightneedremindingthatspoilingotherchildren'sexpectationscanrequireanapology.A12-year-olclmightneedtobeshownthatraidingthebiscuittinwithoutaskingpermissionisacceptable,butthatborrowingaparent'sclotheswithoutpermissionisnot.但是，即使孩子们看到了真诚悔过的例子，他们仍然需要帮助来使其意识到道歉的复杂性。一个三岁的孩子可能需要帮助来理解其他孩子也像他一样感到疼痛，用沉重的玩具打玩伴的头需要道歉。一个六岁的孩子可能需要被提醒，辜负其他孩子的期望可能需要道歉。一个12岁的孩子可能需要被告知，未经许可就乱翻饼干罐是可以接受的，但未经许可就借父母的衣服就不行。最后一段举例讲述了不同年龄段的孩子都需要不同程度的提醒或告诫来使其意识到道歉的复杂性。故B项“在教小孩子道歉时应考虑他们的年龄。”正确。

5.判断推理题。全文介绍了几种伪道歉，最后总结这几种道歉方式是无效的，并且提醒读者教小孩道歉要考虑到他们的年龄。由此可见恰当的道歉并没有看起来那么简单。A项“合理道歉是需要立即关注的社会问题”文中未提及；B项“合理道歉在家庭成员中不必要”与文中提到的“A12-year-olclmightneedtobeshownthatraidingthebiscuittinwithoutaskingpermissionisacceptable,butthatborrowingaparent'sclotheswithoutpermissionisnot.”不符；C项“合理道歉是社会进步的标志”与文中内容无关。故答案D

15.单选题

Itwouldbe（）toarriveataconclusionnow.

问题1选项

A.premier

B.premature

C.preliminary

D.prior

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项premier“首要的；第一的”；B选项premature“早产的；不成熟的”；C选项preliminary“初步的；预备的”；D选项prior“先前的；优先的”。句意：现在就下结论会……。在任何时候都可以做出一个决定，如果这项决定没有深思熟虑过，那么实施起来就会遇到问题，所以不能够过早的下定结论。因此B选项符合题意。

16.单选题

Thestorywas（）;itwascompletelyuntrue.

问题1选项

A.facilitated

B.fascinated

C.fabricated

D.formulated

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项facilitated“促进；帮助”；B选项fascinated“使着迷；使陶醉”；C选项fabricated“编造；虚构”；D选项formulated“规划”。句意：这个故事是……的，完全不真实。根据后面的评价completelyuntrue“一点也不真实”，可以知道这个故事是编造而成的。因此C选项符合题意。

17.单选题

Thewalkersinfrontcrossedtheledgeeasily,seemingly（）ofthefactthattherewasa3000-footdroponeitherside.

问题1选项

A.pretentious

B.remindful

C.attentive

D.oblivious

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。pretentious“炫耀的，做作的”;remindful“提醒的，留意的”；attentive“注意的，体贴的”；oblivious“遗忘的；不注意的”。前半句的句意是：前面的人轻松地跨过了岩架，与后文“岩架两侧深达3000英尺”形成对比，可推测空格处是要表达“好像没有注意到……”，选项D符合题意。

18.单选题

We’reextremelyinterestedinthesourceofthese（）rumors.

问题1选项

A.salient

B.fictitious

C.ascetic

D.indelible

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项salient“显著的；最重要的”；B选项fictitious“虚假的”；C选项ascetic“清苦的，苦行的”；D选项indelible“无法忘记的，不可磨灭的”。句意：我们对这些（）谣言从何而来非常感兴趣。既然是rumors“谣言”，很多人会不假思索地相信，就不至于salient“显著的；最重要的”，fictitious“虚假的”比较符合生活实际。因此B选项正确。

19.不定项选择题

Afinalistinayouthoratoricalcontest,Cecile’sspeechfocusesonahistoryofAmericansandtheworldturningtheirbacksoninjustice,losingsightof“ourhumanitarianobligation.”Theunconscionableactsofhistoryarerepeating,buttheworldis“bickeringovertheterminologythatisusedtodescribewhatDarfurisfacing,”shesaid,withaswingofherhipandanindignantglare.

HowcouldtheUnitedStatesthatbondedafterSept.11,2001,leavepeopleonrooftopssurroundedbyfloodwatersalmostfouryearslater,shequestioned.Itallcomesdownto“peopleneglectingpeople,”shesaidmatter-of-factly.

“EverybodyispartofGod’screation.Everybodydeserveshelp.Weallaregoingtoneediteventuallyinourlifetime,andforustoneglectanyonefromanywhereisjusthorrible,”Cecilesaid,shakingherhead.

EmonidrawsparallelsbetweentheHolocaustandcurrenteventsinAfricabycitingalackofguidance,understandingandcompassion.

“Howcanwesayhopeforthoseunseenwhenwedonothelpthemhavehopeorbelievethereishopebecausewecan’tseethem?”theGodwinMiddleSchoolstudentasked,nearlymakingthewallsshakewithheremphasisontheword“we”.

Theworldhasahistoryofgreatleaderswhobroughtinternationalwrongstolight,shesaid,jabbingherindexfingerintotheairinfrontofher.ThesituationinDarfurhasprimarilybeenignoredbecausetheworldlacksapowerfulleadertogetthatmessageout,shesaid,furiouslypacingtheclassroomfloor.

“Ithinkifpeoplelearnaboutitandtheyhearaboutit…iftheyunderstoodit,thenwecanmakeadifference,”Emonisaid,gettingtotheheartofherargument.

Allthreestudentsunderstanditcouldbetheirvoicethatmotivatesthemassestomorrow.Theirspeechescouldbringtheissuesintothelightastheyfollowthetraditionofgreatoratorsbeforethemonthedayhonoringoneofthegreatest.

Aftercareful,quietconsideration,SethsaidthecontestandcelebrationwouldhavemovedKing.

“Itisthelittlepeopletryingtomakeadifference,recitingspeechesandallofthis.Hecanfeelhappythathiswork,like,whatheleftbehind,isstillgoingonasifhewasheretoday,”hesaid.

“Andhowdidhestartit?Hestarteditthroughhisvoice,youknow.Throughjustspeakingupforwhatisright.Andnotbeingafraidofwhatpeoplethinkofyou,butknowingwhatisrightand